初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。

国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音[i:] [i] [e] [?]中元音[?] [?:] [?]后元音[u:] [u] [?:] [?] [a:] 双元音开合双元音[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]集中双元音[i?] [ε?] [u?]辅音爆破音清辅音[p] [t] [k]浊辅音[b] [d] [g]摩擦音清辅音[f] [s] [?] [θ] [h]浊辅音[v] [z] [?] [e]破擦音清辅音[t?] [tr] [ts]浊辅音[d?] [dr] [dz]鼻音（浊辅音）[m] [n] [?]舌则音（浊辅音）[l] [r]半元音（浊辅音）[w] [j][i:]字母组合eeeaeie--threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteache rteammeanspeakcleanpiece[?]发音字母a--baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman[e]字母组合eaea--headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetter beddeskhotelyesmanyany[]字母组合irureareror--girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurs eturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheard[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu--teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctorac tormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollarto gethertomorrowtodaylessoncontrolaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaC anada[a:]字母组合ara--carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm[]发音字母uoouoo--upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovet roubleroughflourishbloodflood[]字母组合alorauourar--smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforf ortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmqua rrelquarter[]发音字母oa--hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch [u:]字母组合ooou--foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefull prude[u]字母组合ooouuo--lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf [ei]发音字母aayeaaiey--namecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpain tplaintheygrey[ai]发音字母iy--bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye [au]字母组合ouow--houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownn owcowhowtown[]发音字母oowoa--homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoa tgoal[i]字母组合eerear--beerdeerearnearherefierceidea[]字母组合earairere--pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare[u]字母组合ourower--hourtourflowershower[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean[]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk??singkingmorning[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul[r]readredrightrunroomwrite[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughrough[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevestof[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethose[]thatthisthosethesethough[∫]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattention[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods二、特殊单词发音：元音:1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeiethreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek(ee)eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease(ea)hesheme(e)piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)2)[i]发音字母iyesitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious3)发音字母a baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman 4)[e]字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhot elyesmanyany5)[ε:]字母组合irureareror girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder doctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingto ncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlistenfamulusSaturday7)[a:]字母组合ara carfarmcardarmgarden fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm 8)[]发音字母uoouoo upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus comemotherdosebrotherloveabove troubleroughflourishbloodflood9)[]字母组合alorauouraraw smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstore authorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarterdrawsawflaw10)[]发音字母oa hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot wantwash11)[u:]字母组合ooou foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetooth shoedotwotruetruthbluefull12)[u]字母组合ooouu lookgoodfootbook shouldcould putfullbullpullpush womanwolf13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey namecakelategateplaneApril playsaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)[ai]发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye15)[au]字母组合ouow houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse flowerdownnowcowhowtown16)[εu]发音字母oowoa homecoldgonophonehostghost knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)[]字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice18)[iε]字母组合eer beerdeerearideanearherefierce19)[]字母组合earair pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere 20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower [ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE] 2容易混淆的元音[][e]badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid[i：][ei]realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid[e][ai]betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide[aU][] househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn [aU][]foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton3辅音1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity4)[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k) cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c) foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorningevening10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack worldcoldcouldgoalsoul11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife（字母f）coughlaughrough（字母gh）physicphotophone(ph)13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)of(字母f)14)[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s) licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce) 15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z) closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose(se)16)[]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth17)[]thatthisthosethesethough18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh) nationattentionstationsocialspecialsure19)[]pleasure20)[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch）catchwatchmatch（字母组合tch)24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods4容易混淆的辅音[v][w]vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell[s][] sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought[z][]closeclothbreezebreathe[n][] thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a[ei][?][][a:][] lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpageactivehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema fastlastglassclasspastfather washwhatwatchwant2）e[i:][e][i][]不发音appreciateextremelysecretshemehe letterleftmessagegeneratepebble decideprettypreviousresultrestore problemprosperousstudentconfident activetablelatewifestorelecture3）i[ai][i]highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit 4）o[][][][][] lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome losedowhowhoseprove lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect losthotmockofficesofthonest5）u[ju][u][][] universityrefuseuniqueuniversehuge putpushpullfullbullbutbrushbucketduckbubblesupportsuggest6）c[k][s] countrycampcameracouragecable cityceilingcelebratecellcease7）g[g][][]girlgradeglassgladebagflag villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym longsongsingmorningevening8)l[l]读音不同listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorillaworldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal 9)n[n][] moonnightnoodlenumber unclehungryangryyoung10)r[r][](美语发音) rightreadwritegradeprogress cardboarddoorfloorformnorth 11）y[j][i][ai] yellowyearyellyoungyolk universitycountryprettyhappy dykedyingflybuybymy12）ar[a:][][]farmcardgardenmarkdollarwarmquarrelquarter13)ea[i:][e][ei][] ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease breadbreastbreathmeadowweather greatbreakidearealize14)ear[][]learnearthearnheardhearnearclearearfear15)er[][][] deserveserveherperson teacherdriverangersinger seriousexperiencemysteriousfierce 16）ere[][]heremerefereserethere17)ir[][ai]shirtgirlskirtadmiredesire18)oo[u:][u][][] roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook bloodflooddoorfloor19)or[][][]shortformcornbornfor workworldwormwordworst tractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator 20)oor[][]doorfloormoorpoorboor21)our[][] hourtourflourbournlour pourcourtfourmourn22)ou[au][][] housemouthmousesoundfound enoughtroubletouch deliciousgraciousprosperous 23)ow[][au] windowmeadowknowshowlow nowtownhowdowncow24)se[z][s] nosesupposegoseloseposerose mousehouse25)th[W][T]thankthinkthoughtcloth clothesthatthisthenthan26)sion[][] propulsiontensionprogressionpassion protrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision 27)tion[][](不常见) stationnationtranslationattentionquestion三、连续与爆破音那么，什么是连读呢？在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,如:notatall如:Pleasetakealookatit.I’m~an~Englishboy.It~is~an~oldbook.Letmehave~alook~at~it.MsBlackworkedin~an~officelast~yesterday.Icalled~youhalf~an~hour~ago.Put~it~on,please.Not~at~all.Pleasepick~it~up.“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。