汉英比较与翻译Chapter-2PPT课件
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第一章植物篇一、中西植物词文化意义的比较与翻译(一)汉语中喻君子的植物:梅兰竹菊1、梅plum汉语中,梅花因严寒时盛开,多与高山幽谷为伴,香远益清,因而是坚强、纯洁、刚正不阿等品性的象征。
梅妻鹤子take a plum tree for one’s wife and cranes for children – a lofty scholar梅花傲雪(like red)plum blossoms defying frost and snow梅在国外种植甚少,“梅”“李”混称plum,无此象征意义。
2、兰orchid汉语中用“兰”象征离尘脱俗、高雅纯洁的人品节操。
英语中orchid象征“富饶”、“丰产”和“精雅”,也象征“美丽”。
兰薰桂馥as fragrant as orchids and cassia兰芝之室The air in the room was filled with fragrance of orchid and jasmine.兰质蕙心pure heart and spirit兰摧玉折premature death of a virtuous/ gifted individual; die a hero’s death3、竹bamboo汉语中竹因冬夏常青、中空有节、质地坚硬等特性而被赋予正直、廉洁、有气节等品格。
bamboo在英语中无特别含义,一般英美人对竹子的生长了解甚少,因此竹子译成英语时要灵活处理。
雨后春笋spring up like mushroom; mushroom after rain胸有成竹have a well-thought-out plan; with complete confidence; have/keep a card up (in) one’s sleeve竹篮打水一场空draw water with a bamboo basket; achieve nothing; all in vain竹筒倒豆子pour beans out of a bamboo tube –withhold nothing; make a clean breast of sth.; hold nothing back青梅竹马green plum and a bamboo horse—a girl and a boy had an innocent affection for each other when they played together in childhood; companion in youth势如破竹meet with no resistance敲竹杠比喻利用别人的弱点或以某种口实为借口来索取财物pay through the nose (被)雨后春笋s pring up like mushrooms4、菊chrysanthemum又叫“黄花”。