CNS功能障碍的诊治
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•综述.脑部放疗引起认知功能障碍的预防和治疗彭雯硕陈乃耀胡霞张靖宜华北理工大学附属医院血液内科,唐山 063000通信作者:陈乃耀,Email:nychenncmc@【摘要】放射性脑损伤是恶性肿瘤放疗后的严重不良反应,在放疗后期常出现认知功能障碍,严重影响患者的生命质量。
尽管放疗引起的认知功能障碍的机制尚不完全明确,但随着人们对认知功能障碍的关注,越来越多的预防策略应用于临床,包括海马回避的全脑放疗、立体定向放射外科在多发性脑转移患者中的应用以及使用神经保护药物美金刚、多奈哌齐等。
为脑瘤患者选择合适的放疗管理模式,规律进行认知测试,并在适当的时机提供治疗措施对改善患者的生命质量至关重要。
【关键词】放射性脑损伤;认知功能障碍;生活质量基金项目:河北省政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养计划(H2013209253)DOI :10. 3760/cma. j. cn371439-20200810-00010Prevention and treatment of cognitive dysfunction caused by radiotherapy to the brainPeng Wenshuo, Ch^n Naiyao, Hu X ia, Zhang JingyiDepartment o f Hematology ^Affiliated Hospital o f North China University o f Science and Technology, Tangshan063000,ChinaCorresponding author ••Chen Naiyao, Em ail:******************【Abstract】Radiation-induced brain injury is a serious untoward effect of radiotherapy for malignanttumors. Patients received radiotherapy frequently occur cognitive dysfunction which seriously affects the qualityof life. Although the exact mechanisms regarding radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction remain unclear,prevention strategies targeting cognitive dysfunction are increasingly applied to clinical intervention, includingwhole brain radiotherapy with hippocampus avoidance, stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with multiple brainmetastases, and pretreatment with neuroprotective drugs such as memantine and donepezil. In addition,measures including appropriate radiotherapy management models, regular cognitive tests,an(J therapeuticmeasures at the appropriate time are critical to improve the quality of life for brain tumor patients.【Key words】Radiation-induced brain injury; Cognitive dysfunction; Quality of lifeFund program:Hebei Provincial Government Funding Program for the Training of Outstanding ClinicalMedical Personnel ( H2013209253)DOI:10. 3760/cma. j. cn371439-20200810-00010放疗是治疗原发性或转移性脑瘤的重要手段,随着放疗技术的不断进步,患者生存期逐渐延长,常常 出现一系列与放疗相关的不良反应,其中放射性脑损 伤(radiation-induced brain injury,RIBI)是放疗后主要 的神经系统并发症。