动词ing形式作主语和宾语
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动词-ing形式作主语【归纳】★动词-ing形式作主语,表示一般或抽象的多次性动作,谓语动词用单数。
如:Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.★动词-ing形式常用于“It is / was +名词/形容词... +动词-ing形式”句型中。
其中,常用此句型的名词有no use, no good, fun等;形容词有useless, nice, good, interesting等。
如:It's no use asking me what I don't know.It was useless speaking.动词-ing形式作宾语【归纳】★有些动词(短语)后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语,而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。
常见的有:enjoy, admit, imagine, finish, advise, allow, permit, escape, avoid, appreciate, suggest, keep, practise, consider, mind, give up, look forward to, put off, get used to, insist on等。
如:I want to travel because I enjoy meeting people and seeing new places.Dana admitted feeling hurt by what I had said.She imagined herself sitting in her favourite armchair back home.Have you finished reading that magazine?Why don't you give up smoking?We're so much looking forward to meeting you.★有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 且后接以上两种形式作宾语时意义上没有什么区别。
英语动词-ing形式作主语和宾语笔记整理一、doing与不定式作主语doing作主语—→通常用来强调一般的,长期的,习惯的事(物)Point: doing 作主语时常会用 it 作形式主语E.g. It’s no use / good / fun doing sth. 这没什么用/好处/有趣做某事。
It’s a waste of time / money / energy doing sth. 这是浪费时间/金钱/精力做某事。
It’s a hard / good time doing sth. 这是(段)困难/美好的时光做某事。
不定式作主语—→通常用来强调具体的,暂时的,将来的事(物)二、doing与不定式作宾语部分及物动词(如:like , love , prefer)后接动宾时可接doing与不定式两种,两者所表达的含义有所不同:doing作宾语—→通常用来强调一般的,长期的,习惯的事(物)不定式作宾语—→通常用来强调具体的,暂时的,将来的事(物)★重点记忆接动词-ing作宾语的及物动词(短语):顺口溜串联:建议完成多练习,避免错过少延期喜欢想象禁不住,承认否认与嫉妒忍受保持不介意,逃脱冒险不原谅接不定式作宾语的及物动词(短语):顺口溜串联:一问三希望,碰巧拒绝同意,决定假装提出承诺,渴望设法买得起,计划准备不失败。
接动词-ing / 不定式作宾语的及物动词:①动词love , like , hate等后跟动名词和不定式作宾语,但接动名词表示经常性的情况,接不定式表示具体的动作②动词begin , start , continue等后既可跟不定式,又可以跟动-ing形式宾语,意义基本相同③一些动词后既可跟动名词做宾语又可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有很大差别:三、动名词逻辑主语以及其他问题①动名词作主语时,形容词性物主代词one’s与名词所有格前置作动名词的逻辑主语,具体形式为:one’s doing②动名词作宾语时,由形容词性物主代词one’s,人称宾格与名词所有格作动名词的逻辑主语,具体形式为:vt. One’s doing③逻辑主语位于非谓语动词的最前面:E.g. his not being late.④动词-ing的肯定形式:一般时:主动:doing 被动:being done完成时:主动:having done 被动:having been done⑤动词-ing的否定形式:not + 动词-ingnot + having done not having been done(注意:not 一定位于肯定形式的最前面)⑥在need , want , require 等动词后接动名词,即用主动形式表示被动意义:need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done。
动词ing 形式作主语和宾语形式作主语一、动词ing 形式作主语1.动词ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数。
形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Swimming is my favourate sport. 2.在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time /fun等后需用动名词作真正的主语。
真正的主语。
It is no use waiting for him any longer. It is a waste of time arguing about it. …”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时,需用动名词作3.当句型“There is no…”主语。
主语。
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
这种事开不得玩笑。
……..没意义。
There is no point (in)doing sth 干……没意义。
There is no sense(in)doing sth. 干…没道理/意义意义【注意】当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格构成。
【注意】当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格构成。
My sister’s being ill made us worried. 形式作宾语二、动词-ing形式作宾语1.作动词的宾语。
可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口语记住:作动词的宾语。
可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口语记住:避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)建议完成多练习(advice, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can’t help)承认否认与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse)2.英语中有一些动词短语也常跟v-ing形式作宾语。
动词--ing形式作主语和宾语概念引入动词-ing形式,即在动词原形的词末加-ing的形式,是非谓动词的一种。
在传统语法中动词-ing形式分成两部分:用法相当于名词的叫“动名词”,用法相当于形容词和副词的被称为“现在分词”。
在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为“-ing形式”。
1. Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.2. If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing?3. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.4. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.句1动词-ing及其宾语和状语一起作句子的主语,句2中growing是动词try的宾语。
这两个动词-ing形式都是动名词。
句3中disturbing修饰problem,是定语,句4中using及其宾语一起作状语,说明句子的谓语“are producing harvests”的方式。
这两个动词-ing形式都是现在分词。
注意:句4的producing与are一起构成现在进行时,是谓语形式,不属于本单元语法范畴。
用法讲解动名词的结构概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。
1. 动名词的否定结构动名词的否定结构由“not+动名词”组成。
如:Trying without success is better than not trying at all.实验没有成功也比不实验好。
动词-ing形式做主语和宾语一1动词ing做主语1 动词-ing形式做主语往往表示_________________________ 谓语动词用 _____ 数Readi ng aloud is very importa nt in lear ning En glish. 对他来说,写英语小说真的很有趣。
动词ing作宾语1作动词的宾语。
Enjoy consider imagine stop risk avoid require finish delayadmit suggest Practice escape mind excuse stand keep dislikeadvise allow permit miss appreciate2做动词短语的宾语继续_____________________ 坚持___________________________________________ 值得_________________ 放弃___________________ 推迟__________ 反对导致禁不住 __________________ 贡献于________________ 致力于__ 开始认真做 _________ 习惯于 ______ 盼望 ____ 注意___________________ 成功做 ________________ 花时间、金钱做_________________ 浪费时间做 ___ 做一有困难Forget to do / doing remember to do/do ing regret to do/ doing3写出汉意Forget to do / doing remember to do/do ing regret to do/ doingStop to do /doing4 n eed/require/ want doing/to be done翻译窗户需要擦了。
动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语一、动词-ing形式(短语)作主语1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语,表示比较抽象或泛指的动作。
如:Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble.Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas.2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,可以用it 作形式主语。
如:It is no use complaining —it doesn’t he lp solve the problems.In my opinion, it is simply a waste of time and money raising pets.二、动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语1. 作动词宾语。
有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语,这类动词常见的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise, suggest等。
如:We are considering flying to Paris for the coming holiday.It seems that he doesn’t mind working late into the night.2. 作介词宾语。
介词后可接动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语。
如:She entered without knocking at the door.My sister is busy in reading picture books.注意:1. 有些动词后接动词-ing形式(短语)和动词不定式(短语)作宾语意义不同,如:remember to do sth. 记住要做某事remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth.试着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事want doing sth. 需要被做某事(用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义)2. 在动词-ing形式(短语)前面可以加上其逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者,该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
动词ing 形式作主语和宾语
一、动词ing 形式作主语
1.动词ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Swimming is my favourate sport.
2.在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time /fun等后需用动名词作
真正的主语。
It is no use waiting for him any longer.
It is a waste of time arguing about it.
3.当句型“There is no…”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时,需用动名词作
主语。
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no point (in)doing sth 干…….没意义。
There is no sense(in)doing sth. 干…没道理/意义
【注意】当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格构成。
My sister’s being ill made us worried.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语。
可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口语记住:
避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)
建议完成多练习(advice, finish, practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can’t help)
承认否认与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse)
2.英语中有一些动词短语也常跟v-ing形式作宾语。
常见的跟v-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth, be busy等。
He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按自己的方法去做。
I have never dreamed of visiting that place. 我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。
3.有些动词或词组后跟动词-ing形式或不定式都可以,但意思不同。
Stop to do sth 停下来去做某事
Stop doing sth 停止做某事
Remember doing sth 记得做了某事
Remember to do sth 记住要去做某事
Forget doing sth 忘记做了某事
Forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事
Regret doing sth 后悔做了某事
Regret to do sth 遗憾要去做某事
Mean to do sth 想要做某事
Mean doing sth意味着做某事
Try to do sth 努力/企图做某事
Try doing sth 试着做某事
4.下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。
need / want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
The lake needs repairing/ to be repaired
这辆自行车需要修理一下。
三。
动词-ing形式的否定形式
动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在动词-ing形式之前。
Excuse me for my not coming on time.
I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.
四。
动词-ing形式的复合结构
1.动词ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格,名词所有格或普通格加动名词,即“sb./sb.’s+doing”构成。
动名词的复合结构实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。
2.动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:
①形容词性物主代词+动名词
②名词‘s +动名词
③代词宾格+动名词
④名词+动名词
【注意】动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。
作主语时,不能用③④两种形式。
Tom’s winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot.
汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。
Do you mind my/me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now.
语法专项
1. I had great difficulty _____ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A. find
B. found
C. to find
D. finding
2. I still remember ______ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A. to take
B. to be taken
C. taking
D. being taken
3. Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held
B. to hold
C. holding
D. hold
4. As a result of the serious flood, two-third of the buildings in the area______.
A. need reparing B,.. needs to repair C. needs reparing D. need to repair
5.---Can I smoke here?
----Sorry. We don’t allow_____ here.
A. people smoking
B. people smoke
C. to smoke
D. smoking
6.To improve your spoken English, you should practice_____ it every day.
A. speak
B. to be spoken
C. speaking
D. to speak
7. I regret_____ that I’m too busy_____ in the talk.
A. to say; to participate
B. saying; participating
C. to say; participating
D. saying; to participate
8.In my mind,_____ that famous university will be the only way to become a worlds-class writer.
A. attending
B. attending
C. attend
D. having attended
9. Seeing the funny scene, I can’t help______.
A. laugh
B. to laugh
C. laughing
D. laughed
10. We look forward every spring to _____ the flower lined garden.
A. walking in
B. walk in
C. visit
D. paying a visit
11. The girl said that she had never dreamt of _____ a volunteer.
A. be
B. to be
C. being
D. is
12. My grandfather is a millionaire, but _____ money does not solve all his problem.
A. has
B. to have
C. having
D. having had
13. ______ to the station on time made everyone worried last week.
A. Him mot getting
B. Not his getting
C. His not getting
D. Not getting
14. Never mind. Please try _____ the problem in another way.
A. solve
B. to solve
C. being solved
D. solving
15. I really appreciate _____ time to relax with you on this nice island.
A. to have had
B. having
C. to have
D. to having。