(完整版)动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习

英语动词-ing形式作主语和宾语笔记整理一、doing与不定式作主语doing作主语—→通常用来强调一般的，长期的，习惯的事（物）Point: doing 作主语时常会用 it 作形式主语E.g. It’s no use / good / fun doing sth. 这没什么用/好处/有趣做某事。

It’s a waste of time / money / energy doing sth. 这是浪费时间/金钱/精力做某事。

It’s a hard / good time doing sth. 这是（段）困难/美好的时光做某事。

不定式作主语—→通常用来强调具体的，暂时的，将来的事（物）二、doing与不定式作宾语部分及物动词（如：like , love , prefer）后接动宾时可接doing与不定式两种，两者所表达的含义有所不同：doing作宾语—→通常用来强调一般的，长期的，习惯的事（物）不定式作宾语—→通常用来强调具体的，暂时的，将来的事（物）★重点记忆接动词-ing作宾语的及物动词（短语）：顺口溜串联：建议完成多练习，避免错过少延期喜欢想象禁不住，承认否认与嫉妒忍受保持不介意，逃脱冒险不原谅接不定式作宾语的及物动词（短语）：顺口溜串联：一问三希望，碰巧拒绝同意，决定假装提出承诺，渴望设法买得起，计划准备不失败。

接动词-ing / 不定式作宾语的及物动词：①动词love , like , hate等后跟动名词和不定式作宾语，但接动名词表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作②动词begin , start , continue等后既可跟不定式，又可以跟动-ing形式宾语，意义基本相同③一些动词后既可跟动名词做宾语又可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有很大差别：三、动名词逻辑主语以及其他问题①动名词作主语时，形容词性物主代词one’s与名词所有格前置作动名词的逻辑主语，具体形式为：one’s doing②动名词作宾语时，由形容词性物主代词one’s，人称宾格与名词所有格作动名词的逻辑主语，具体形式为：vt. One’s doing③逻辑主语位于非谓语动词的最前面：E.g. his not being late.④动词-ing的肯定形式：一般时：主动：doing 被动：being done完成时：主动：having done 被动：having been done⑤动词-ing的否定形式：not + 动词-ingnot + having done not having been done（注意：not 一定位于肯定形式的最前面）⑥在need , want , require 等动词后接动名词，即用主动形式表示被动意义：need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done。

动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习2高中英语语法动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。

We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。

I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。

I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。

2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。

用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。

He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。

(She was getting on the car.)He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。

(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。

到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。 Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.
2、用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。 一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语； 二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。 ①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词， 常见的有 avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish， suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help， imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand等。 如： 我不能不去。 I can’t avoid going． 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered looking for one special friend?
必备句型：
There is no sense in doing
做……没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干……无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的 There is/was no point doing
干……无意义 注意：There is no need to do sth 干……没必要，在此 句式中to do 不可换为doing..
②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移 置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表 语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful， useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如： 【练习】和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless arguing with Shylock． 【练习】这事值得去做。 It’s worth doing the thing． 【练习】再解释一次有好处吗? Is it any good trying to explain again? 【练习】跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 It is pleasant working with you．

动词ing 情势作主语和宾语【1 】一、动词ing 情势作主语1.动词ing情势作主语往往暗示经常性.习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数.Eg: Swimming is my favourate sport.2.在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time /fun等后需用动名词作真正的主语.It is no use waiting for him any longer.It is a waste of time arguing about it.3.当句型“There is no…”暗示“不许可.制止某种行动的产生或消失”时,需用动名词作主语.There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得打趣.There is no point (in)doing sth 干…….没意义.There is no sense(in)doing sth. 干…没道理/意义【留意】当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格组成.My sister’s being ill made us worried.二、动词-ing情势作宾语1.作动词的宾语.可接动名词作宾语的罕有动词可用下面的白话记住：防止错过少延期（avoid, miss, postpone）建议完成多演习（advice, finish, practise）爱好想象禁不住（enjoy, imagine, can’t help）承认否定与嫉妒（admit, deny, envy）回避冒险莫谅解（escape, risk, excuse）2.英语中有一些动词短语也常跟v-ing情势作宾语.罕有的跟v-ing情势作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth, be busy等.He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他保持要按本身的办法去做.I have never dreamed of visiting that place. 我从未妄想过要不雅赏谁人地方.3.有些动词或词组后跟动词-ing情势或不定式都可以,但意思不合.Stop to do sth 停下往来来往做某事Stop doing sth 停滞做某事Remember doing sth 记得做了某事Remember to do sth 记住要去做某事Forget doing sth 忘却做了某事Forget to do sth 忘却要去做某事Regret doing sth 懊悔做了某事Regret to do sth 圆满要去做某事Mean to do sth 想要做某事Mean doing sth意味着做某事Try to do sth 尽力/妄图做某事Try doing sth 试着做某事4.下列动词可接动词-ing情势的自动情势暗示自动意义,相当于不定式的自动情势.need / want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be doneThe lake needs repairing/ to be repaired这辆自行车须要补缀一下.三.动词-ing情势的否定情势动词-ing情势的否定情势平日是在其前加not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在动词-ing情势之前. Excuse me for my not coming on time.I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.四.动词-ing情势的复合构造1.动词ing情势的复合构造由物主代词某人称代词宾格,名词所有格或通俗格加动名词,即“sb./sb.’s+doing”组成.动名词的复合构造现实上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语.2.动词-ing情势的复合构造有四种情势：①形容词性物主代词+动名词②名词‘s +动名词③代词宾格+动名词④名词+动名词【留意】动名词的复合构造可在句中作主语或宾语.作主语时,不克不及用③④两种情势. Tom’s winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆客岁得了一等奖使我印象深入.Do you mind my/me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now.语法专项1. I had great difficulty _____ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A. findB. foundC. to findD. finding2. I still remember ______ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB. to be takenC. takingD. being taken3. Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having heldB. to holdC. holdingD. hold4. As a result of the serious flood, two-third of the buildings in the area______.A. need reparing B,.. needs to repair C. needs reparing D. need to repair5.---Can I smoke here?----Sorry. We don’t allow_____ here.A. people smokingB. people smokeC. to smokeD. smoking6.To improve your spoken English, you should practice_____ it every day.A. speakB. to be spokenC. speakingD. to speak7. I regret_____ that I’m too busy_____ in the talk.A. to say; to participateB. saying; participatingC. to say; participatingD. saying; to participate8.In my mind,_____ that famous university will be the only way to become a worlds-class writer.A. attendingB. attendingC. attendD. having attended9. Seeing the funny scene, I can’t help______.A. laughB. to laughC. laughingD. laughed10. We look forward every spring to _____ the flower lined garden.A. walking inB. walk inC. visitD. paying a visit11. The girl said that she had never dreamt of _____ a volunteer.A. beB. to beC. beingD. is12. My grandfather is a millionaire, but _____ money does not solve all his problem.A. hasB. to haveC. havingD. having had13. ______ to the station on time made everyone worried last week.A. Him mot gettingB. Not his gettingC. His not gettingD. Not getting14. Never mind. Please try _____ the problem in another way.A. solveB. to solveC. being solvedD. solving15. I really appreciate _____ time to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have hadB. havingC. to haveD. to having。

动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语一、动词-ing形式(短语)作主语1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语，表示比较抽象或泛指的动作。

如：Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble.Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas.2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it 作形式主语。

如：It is no use complaining —it doesn’t he lp solve the problems.In my opinion, it is simply a waste of time and money raising pets.二、动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语1. 作动词宾语。

有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语，这类动词常见的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise, suggest等。

如：We are considering flying to Paris for the coming holiday.It seems that he doesn’t mind working late into the night.2. 作介词宾语。

介词后可接动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语。

如：She entered without knocking at the door.My sister is busy in reading picture books.注意：1. 有些动词后接动词-ing形式(短语)和动词不定式(短语)作宾语意义不同，如：remember to do sth. 记住要做某事remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth.试着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事want doing sth. 需要被做某事(用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义)2. 在动词-ing形式(短语)前面可以加上其逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。

高中英语必修课-----动词--ing形式作主语和宾语知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。

它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。

在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。

这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。

动名词-概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。

它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。

动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。

动名词-动名词的结构和形式动名词的否定结构动名词的否定结构由not加动名词组成。

如：Trying without success is better than not trying at all.实验没有成功也比不实验好。

He hated himself for not having work hard.他悔恨自己没有用功。

I’m sorry for not having telephoned you before.很抱歉，没有早给你打电话。

He felt sorry for not having done the work well.他为没有把工作做好感到难过。

I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.我看不去对你倒好了。

（not going是动名词一般式的否定形式）There is no denying the fact that he is diligent.（no denying也是动名词一般式的否定）动名词复合结构通常情况下，动名词的逻辑主语为谓语动词的主语。

如果动名词动作的发出者不是谓语动词的主语时，则需要有自己的逻辑主语----物主代词或名词所有格加动名词就构成了动名词的复合结构，这种结构在句中可以作主语，宾语等。

英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看， 似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可 以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语 句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本 句型列式如下 ：
Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋谓＋表） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
4. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这 些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些 成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而 加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、 副词和数词），也可以是
各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和 分词短语）。
1. 下面以基本句型五为例：
5
Who │cares?
6
What he said │ does not matter.
7
They │ talked for half an hour.
8
The pen │writes smoothly
基本句型 二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓 语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须 加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成 复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

4. ---ing分词的句法功能
1) ---ing 分词作主语 Learning English has become a part of his life. It is no use trying to repair the ship. These holes are much too big. 2) ---ing分词作宾语 以下动词必须跟---ing分词作宾语：admit/ appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy /excuse/finish/image/keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest / give up/cannot help
(3)作状语 （须用普通名词或主格代词,亦称 独立主格结构） Time permitting, we’ll deal with the text. The boy was playing with a ball, his mother standing nearby.
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词 等是主谓关系或动宾关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 独立主格结构可在其前加上介词 with/without。 Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room. The boy was walking, with his father following.

在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的 独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主 代词和冠词。
Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand. Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand.
(3)所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语 从句形式。如： a sleeping child (=a child who is sleeping) 正睡觉的孩子 a walking man (= a man who is walking) 正散步的男人 注：分词短语作定语须放在所修饰词之后，例 如：the man standing at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate 另外，-ing分词的完成式不能作定语。例如 不可以说：The man having written many books is a former student of our school.应改为 The man who has written many books is…
第(1)应选B，因为句中的 translated 是过去分词 若选C，则该从句无谓语； 第(2)应选C，该句是典型的定语从句，因为该句 修饰的是前面的novels，即指物，所以只能用 which做of的宾语 . 请记住定语从句有逗号,不用 that !
(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that 【分析】此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间 多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列 句，故应选B，则不能选C。

Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.
The boy was walking, with his father following.
在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的 独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主 代词和冠词。
Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand. Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand.
区别 see sb. doing sth 是指”看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过 程，表正在进行 see sb. do sth 是指”看见某人做过某事”是看着事情的发 生全过程， 是看见某人做某事
例句 I saw her clean the classroom. 是说我看到她打扫教室了。（强调做过这件事）
chatting.
He worked late yesterday, preparing for the
lecture. (2)-ing分词可以作时间状语，常放在句首，
如： (When)Walking in the street,I caught sight of
a tailor's shop.
(After )Finishing my work, I went out. Having told us a funny story, the teacher went on to explain the text to us
is standing at the gate
另外，-ing分词的完成式不能作定语。例如 不可以说：The man having written many books is a former student of our school.应改为

动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。

2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。

3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。

全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。

What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。

①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。

a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。

developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。

英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词
是：advise, delay, appreciate, consider, be worth, feel like etc.
to do sth.
doing sth.
forget 忘记去做某事 忘记已经做过某事
remember 记住去做某事 记住曾做过某事
Make them easier for you to remember !
避免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/ postpone 建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practise 喜欢 想像 禁不住 enjoy imagine can’t help 承认 否定 与嫉妒 admit deny envy 逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse 忍受 保持 不介意 stand keep mind
Walking along the street, he caught sight of an old friend of his.
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
3. ---ing分词的被动式
regret 遗憾去做某事
后悔做过某事
mean 打算/想做某事 意味着做某事
go on （做完某事）接着去 继续做同一件事 做另一件事
stop 停下来去做另一件事 停止做一件事
try 努力去做某事
试着做某事
3）--ing 分词作表语。如： Our job is playing all kinds of music. The music they are playing sounds so exciting.

this morning are our alumni (校友)
from home and abroad. (2009江苏)
A. Attend
B. To attend
C. Attending D. Having attended
7. Ladex doesn't feel like ______ abroad.
2. 有些短语如can’t help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、 代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如： I have been used to living here. I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins.
道理
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
consider, suggest / advise ,look forward 考虑建议盼原谅，to ,excuse ,pardon 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off , fancy 避免错过继续练，avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否认完成停能赏，deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡，can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape 不准冒险凭想象。forbid , risk , imagine

动词-ing形式作主语和宾语一、动词-ing形式作主语1、动词-ing形式做主语时，常表示一般或抽象的经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。

Eg：Swimming is my favourite sport..Saying is easier than doing.2、在It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/useless等句型中，用it作形式主语放在句首,真正的主语用动词-ing形式放在句末。

Eg：It’s no use waiting for him any longer.It’s a waste of time arguing about it..二、动词-ing形式作宾语1、有些动词后面要跟动名词作宾语。

可用以下口诀记住：避免错过少延期（aviod,miss,postpone）建议完成多练习（advise,finish,practise）喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy,imagine,can’t help）承认否定与嫉妒（admit,deny,envy）逃避冒险莫原谅（escape,risk,excuse）忍受保存不介意（stand,keep,mind）Eg:Will you admie having broken the window?Would you mind turning down your radio a little?The squirrel was luckly that it just missed being caught.注意：某些以to结尾的动词短语也必须接动词-ing形式做宾语，常见的有：Devote oneself to(投入……)，get down to(着手干……)，lead to(通向，导致)，object to(反对)，pay attention to(注意)，look forward to(盼望)，be used to(习惯于)，stick to(坚持)等。

不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样， 因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的 类型。
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
动词-ing形式作主语 1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或 泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
2. 有些短语如can’t help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常 接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 如： I have been used to living here. I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins.
把句子的各个成分搞清楚，也就是把句子各部 分的关系搞清楚。做到这一点，才可以准确地 理解句子的意思或造出结构正确、意思明白的 句子。有一点要注意，在分析句子结构时，应 该抓住主要成分。我们分析句子结构，划分句 子成分无非是为了理解，或者是为了造句。这 个目的达到了就行了，不必过于细致，更不要 钻牛角尖，否则就会事倍功半。各种语言有各 自的规则、各自的习惯，而且语言是很灵活的 东西，发展过程也很复杂，很难把语法的现象 都做出明确、统一的解释来。在使用一种语言 时，语法应让位于习惯。符合习惯的，有时尽 管不符合语法，也是正确的。