专题十主旨大意【考纲解读】分析解读主旨大意题主要考查考生理解文章或特定的段落、概括大意的能力。
它不仅考查考生的文章理解能力,也考查在理解文字的基础上的归纳、概括能力。
【命题探究】【五年高考】第一组记叙文Passage1(2017浙江,A)词数:326BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonly sixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Intho sedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedtha tcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolo okragged(蓬乱).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoin g.Thecat slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin scousins,Mr.Penningto n,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjam inaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadev erseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.Hew asamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin sparentsifhemighttake theboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboyb eganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.Williamswasimpr essedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelong anddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid, “Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontocl assicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Williams influenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjamin slifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.3.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.4.Williams twobookshelpedBenjaminto .A.mastertheuseofpaintsB.appreciatelandscapepaintingsC.gettoknowotherpaintersD.makeuphismindtobeapainter答案1.C2.D3.B4.DPassage2(2016江苏,D)词数:590Notsolongago,mostpeopledidn tknowwhoShelly-AnnFraser-Prycewasgoingtobecome .Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.Therewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanot herJamaicanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantedtochangethis.Ste phenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShelly-Annatatrackmeetandwasconvincedth athehadseenthebeginningsoftruegreatness.Hertimeswerenotexactlyimpressive,buteve nso,hesensedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlook edwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShelly-Annaplaceinhi sverystricttrainingsessions.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyears lateratJamaica sOlympictrialsinearly2008,Shelly-Ann,whoatthattimeonlyrankednum ber70intheworld,beatJamaica sunchallengedqueenofthesprint(短跑).“Wheredidshecomefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitw ondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShelly-Ann wastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicsshesweptawaya nydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanever towinthe100metresOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipsinBer lin,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73—thefourthfastesttimeever.Shelly-Annisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomea boutbychance.Herjourneytobecomingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmooth andeffortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaica stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWat erhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwo brothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandover populatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings; oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfami lydidn thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecoul dn taffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherself asayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstba by.Maxime searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse sroundaboutofpoverty.Oneoft hefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadyt osacrificeeverything.Itdidn ttakelongforShelly-AnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhou se.OnasummereveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandcommitmentfin allyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,su rroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShelly-Ann svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBei jing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped .Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworld stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappear edforafewdays. “Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.Sheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommuni tycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheinte ndstofighttomakeitawoman saswellasaman sworld.AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsaren tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethe m.Adesire,adream,avision.”OneofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.1.WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.2.WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.3.WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann squickprofit.C.HerwishtogetShelly-Annoutofpoverty.D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.4.WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.5.BymentioningMuhammadAli swords,theauthorintendstotellusthat .A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoachesB.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworkisnecessaryinone sachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMakingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheKeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility答案1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D6.APassage3(2015天津,C)词数:369OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborr owatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem —inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children sRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.The coverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,the firstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,h ewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmy beagle.Thereonthebook scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical(相同的)tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitl e,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Ib orroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdiffic ulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine ,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog, andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofr eunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymother scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadread abook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.Books couldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous(奇迹般的)”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperform anceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbook s,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.T hepowerofthewordshasheld.1.Theauthor smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto .A.encouragehimtodomorewalkingB.lethimspendameaningfulsummerC.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemD.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons2.Thebookcaughttheauthor seyebecause .A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimalsB.itremindedhimofhisowndogC.hefounditstitleeasytounderstandD.helikedchildren sstoriesverymuch3.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough?A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.B.Heidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook.C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter.B.Theauthor smotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthor smotherrewardedhimwithbooks.D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.5.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheCharmofaBookB.Mum sStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagleD.MyPassionforReading 答案1.C2.B3.B4.A5.APassage4(2015安徽,B)词数:275Whenherfivedaughterswereyoung,HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinu nity(团结).Toshowthis,shehelduponechopstick,representingoneperson.Thensheeasilybrokeit intotwopieces.Next,shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Sheshow edthegirlsitwashardtobreakthetiedchopsticks.Thislessonaboutfamilyunitystayedwit hthedaughtersastheygrewup.HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHel eneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn thavemuchmoney.They movedtheirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDanny smother,Diana,whoownedasma llItaliansandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoas mallVietnameserestaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung .However,Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshet houghtitwastoohard.Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollegeandwentawaytoworkforthemselves,but onebyone,thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness.Theyopenednewrestaurants inSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Eventhoughfamilymemberssometimesdisagreedwitheachot her,theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful.DaughterElizabethexplains,“Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.W ithoutthestrengthofthefamily,thereisnobusiness.”Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996,withthreegenerationsofA nsworkingtogether.NowtheAns corporationmakesmorethan$20millioneachyear.Althoug htheybeganwithasmallrestaurant,theyhadbigdreams,andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyar eabigsuccess.1.Helenetiedseveralchopstickstogethertoshow .A.thestrengthoffamilyunityB.thedifficultyofgrowingupC.theadvantageofchopsticksD.thebestwayofgivingalesson2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily .A.startedabusinessin1975B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoneyC.boughtarestaurantinSanFranciscoD.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles3.WhatcanweinferabouttheAndaughters?A.Theydidnotfinishtheircollegeeducation.B.Theycouldnotbeartoworkinthefamilybusiness.C.TheywereinfluencedbywhatHelenetaughtthem.D.Theyweretroubledbydisagreementamongfamilymembers.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoRunaCorporationB.StrengthComesfromPeaceC.HowtoAchieveaBigDreamD.FamilyUnityBuildsSuccess答案1.A2.B3.C4.DPassage5(2015陕西,B)词数:282WhenthedognamedJudyspottedthefirstsheepinherlife,shedidwhatcomesnaturally.T hefour-year-olddogsetoffracingafterthesheepacrossseveralfieldsand,beingacityani mal,lostbothhersheepandhersenseofdirection.Thensheranalongtheedgeofacliff(悬崖)andfell100feet,bouncingoffarockintothesea.HerownerMikeHoldenpanickedandcalledthecoastguardofCornwall,whoturnedupinsec onds.Sixvolunteerssliddownthecliffwiththehelpofaropebutgaveupallhopeoffindinghe raliveaftera90-minutesearch.Threedayslater,ahurricanehitthecoastnearCornwall.Mr.Holdenreturnedhomefromh isholidayupsetandconvincedhispetwasdead.Hecomfortedhimselfwiththethoughtshehadd iedinthemostbeautifulpartofthecountry.Forthenexttwoweeks,theHoldenswereheartbroken.Then,oneday,thephonerangandSteveTregear,thecoastguardofCornwall,askedHoldenifhewouldlikehisdogback.Abirdwatcher,armedwithatelescope,foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.While hesoundedthealarm,astudentfromLeedsclimbeddowntheclifftocollectJudy.Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconscious(失去知觉的)buthadsurvivedbydrinkingwaterfromafreshstreamatthebaseofthecliff.Shemayhavef edonthebodyofasheepwhichhadalsofallenovertheedge.“Thedogwasverythinandhungry,”SteveTregearsaid.“Itwasaveryluckydog.Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater,”headded.Itwas,asMr.Holdenadmitted,“aminormiracle(奇迹)”.1.ThedogJudyfelldownthecliffwhenshewas .A.rescuingherownerB.caughtinahurricaneC.blockedbyarockD.runningafterasheep2.WhospottedJudyaftertheaccident?A.Abirdwatcher.B.AstudentfromLeeds.C.Sixvolunteers.D.ThecoastguardofCornwall.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Peopleliketotravelwiththeirpets.B.Judywastakentothefieldsforhunting.C.LuckplaysavitalroleinJudy ssurvival.D.HoldencaredlittlewhereJudywasburied.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MiracleoftheCoastguard.B.SurvivingaHurricane.C.DangersintheWild.ingBackfromtheDead.答案1.D2.A3.C4.DPassage6(2015重庆,A)词数:284Atthirteen,Iwasdiagnosed(诊断)withakindofattentiondisorder.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseinth eclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwi thin45minutes.Iraisedmyhandrightawayandsaid,“Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.”Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“Youarenodifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”Itried,butIdidn tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartome.Itwasaboutabli ndperson,LouisBraille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn tgetmucheducation.ButLo uisdidn tgiveup.Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots(点),whichopenedup awholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.Wasn tIthe “blind”inmyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted”students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodance.Icompletedthetaskwithin40mi nutes.Indeed,Iwasnodifferentfromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.IfLouiscouldfin dhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?Ididn texpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprise whenitcamebacktomethenextday—withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”1.Theauthordidn tfinishthereadinginclassbecause .A.hewasnewtotheclassB.hewastiredofliteratureC.hehadanattentiondisorderD.hewantedtotakethetaskhome2.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthepassage?A.Hehadgoodsight.B.Hemadeagreatinvention.C.Hegaveupreading.D.Helearnedalotfromschool.3.WhatwasMrs.Smith sattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestory?A.Angry.B.Impatient.C.Sympathetic.D.Encouraging.4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedisabledshouldbetreatedwithrespect.B.Ateachercanopenupanewworldtostudents.C.Onecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultieswithefforts.D.Everyoneneedsahandwhenfacedwithchallenges.答案1.C2.B3.D4.CPassage7(2014课标Ⅱ,A)词数:269ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotelforashortt imewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthe lateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcas ehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thi nkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganisedagainfromadistantcou ntrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusban d snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersinthe irtrashcan(垃圾桶)thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments. Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparent shadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgive nhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredour faithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway .1.WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?A.Goshopping.B.Findahouse.C.Joinhisfamily.D.Takeavacation.2.Thegirl sparentsgotRashid sphonenumberfrom .A.afriendofhisfamilyB.aSydneypolicemanC.aletterinhispapersD.astrangerinSydney3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “restored”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Showed.B.Sentout.C.Delivered.D.Gaveback.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FromIndiatoAustralia.B.LivinginaNewCountry.C.TurningTrashtoTreasure.D.InSearchofNewFriends.答案1.B2.C3.D4.CPassage8(2014四川,C)词数:293Aschoolgirlsavedherfather slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaserio usallergic(过敏的)reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldow nathomeandstoppedbreathing.Izzy smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarrive intimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfa ther schestinstead.Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions(按压)untiltheambulancearrived.Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:“Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn tstrongenoughtousehan ds.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadw asgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.”“She salittlestar,”saidDebbie.“IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinka llchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavem oretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe vegottoseeanexpert.”TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentoh ospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseri ousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsudde nly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.1.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest .A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhimC.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart2.What stherightorderoftheevents?A.③①②④B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④③①②3.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.WhatColmsuffered.B.Colm spresentcondition.C.WhatcausedColm sallergy.D.SymptomsofColm sallergicreaction.4.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.C.Toreporta9-year-oldgirl sbraveact.D.Tocallpeople sattentiontoallergicreaction.答案1.D2.C3.A4.CPassage9(2014重庆,A)词数:262Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjects haditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.S hewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredo feachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklo uder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutfo raphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers,sobbing. Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingo fsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsw eptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn tnoticeKatehadsatup.Sh ewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherh andstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn talwaysagree,butwelearne dthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.1.WhatmadeKatesoangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor sshoesbeneathherbed.2.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause .A.shewasscaredbyKate sangerB.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessyC.shewantedtoshowhercareD.shewasaskedbyKatetodoso3.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Byshowingdifferences.C.Bydescribingaprocess.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKateB.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganizedD.LearningtoBeRoommates答案1.D2.C3.B4.DPassage10(2014湖南,B)词数:319Inthemid-1950s,Iwasasomewhatboredearly-adolescentmalestudentwhobelievedthat doinganymorethannecessarywaswastedeffort.Oneday,thisapproachthrewmeintoembarras sment.InMrs.Totten seighth-grademathclassatCentralAvenueSchoolinAnderson,Indiana ,wewerelearningtoaddandsubtractdecimals(小数).Ourteachertypicallyassigneddailyhomework,whichwouldberecitedinclassthefollo wingday.Onmostdays,ourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswerstohomeworkquestions.Mrs.Tottenusuallywalkedupanddowntherowsofdesksrequestinganswersfromstudenta fterstudentintheorderthequestionshadappearedonourhomeworksheets.Shewouldstartei theratthefrontorthebackoftheclassroomandworktowardtheotherend.SinceIwasseatednearthemiddleofabout35students,itwaseasytofigureoutwhichques tionsImighthavetoanswer.Thisparticulartime,Ihadcompletedmyusualtwoorthreeproble msaccordingtomycalculations.WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsent,whichthrewoffmyestimate .AsMrs.Tottenmadeherwayfromthebeginningoftheclass,Idesperatelytriedtodeterminew hichmathproblemIwouldget.Itriedtoworkitoutbeforeshegottome,butIhadbrainfreezean dcouldn tfunction.WhenMrs.Tottenreachedmydesk,sheaskedwhatanswerI dgotforproblemNo.14.“I...Ididn tgetanything,”Ianswered,andmyfacefeltwarm.“Correct,”shesaid.Itturnedoutthatthecorrectanswerwaszero.WhatdidIlearnthatday?First,alwaysdoallyourhomework.Second,inreallifeitisn talwayswhatyousaybuthowyousayitthatmatters.Third,Iwouldnevermakeitasamathematician.IfIcouldchooseoneschooldaythattaughtmethemost,itwouldbethatone.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1indicate?A.Itiswisetovalueone stime.B.Itisimportanttomakeaneffort.C.Itisrighttosticktoone sbelief.D.Itisenoughtodothenecessary.ually,Mrs.Tottenaskedherstudentsto .A.recitetheirhomeworktogetherB.gradetheirhomeworkthemselvesC.answertheirhomeworkquestionsorallyD.checktheanswerstotheirhomeworkquestions3.Theauthorcouldworkoutwhichquestionstoanswersincetheteacheralways .A.askedquestionsinaregularwayB.walkedupanddownwhenaskingquestionsC.chosetwoorthreequestionsforthestudentsD.requestedherstudentstofinishtheirusualquestions4.Theauthorfailedtogetthequestionshehadexpectedbecause .A.theclassdidn tbeginasusualB.severalstudentsdidn tcometoschoolC.hedidn ttryhardtomakehisestimateD.Mrs.Tottendidn tstartfromthebackoftheclass5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnUnforgettableTeacherB.AFutureMathematicianC.AnEffectiveApproachD.AValuableLesson答案1.D2.C3.A4.B5.DPassage11(2014广东,A)词数:333SamuelOsmondisa19-year-oldlawstudentfromCornwall,England.Heneverstudiedthep iano.However,hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeeth ovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem.Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts .Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.Twoyearsago,heplayedhisfirstpieceMoonlightS onata(奏鸣曲)byBeethoven.Hesurprisedeveryonearoundhim.Amazedthatherememberedthislonganddifficultpieceofmusicandplayeditperfectly, histeacherssaySamuelisunbelievable.Theysayhisabilityisveryrare,butSamueldoesn tevenrealizethatwhathecandoisspecial.Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewisho fhisparents,butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now,hestudieslawan dmusic.Samuelcan tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised.“Igrewupwithmusic.Mymotherplayedthepianoandmyfatherplayedtheguitar.Abouttwoyea rsago,Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano,withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwith outhavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome—Ihearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind—eacha ndeverynote,”saysSamuel.Recently,Samuelperformedapieceduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Thepiecehadmo rethanathousandnotes.Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance.Heisnowlear ningapiecethatissodifficultthatmanyprofessionalpianistscan tplayit.Samuelsaysc onfidently,“It sallaboutsupermemory—IguessIhavethatgift.”However,Samuel sabilitytorememberthingsdoesn tstopwithmusic.Hisfamilysays thatevenwhenhewasayoungboy,Samuelheardsomeonereadastory,andthenhecouldretellthe storywordforword.Samuelisstillonlyateenager.Hedoesn tknowwhathewantstodointhefuture.Fornow, heisjusthappytoplaybeautifulmusicandcontinuehisstudies.1.WhatisspecialaboutSamuelOsmond?A.Hehasagiftforwritingmusic.B.Hecanwritedownthenotehehears.C.Heisatopstudentatthelawschool.D.Hecanplaythemusicalpiecehehears.2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Samuelchoselawagainstthewishofhisparents.B.Samuelplannedtobealawyerratherthanamusician.C.Samuelthinksofhimselfasamanofgreatmusicalability.D.Samuelstudieslawandmusicontheadviceofhisteachers.3.EveryonearoundSamuelwassurprisedbecausehe .A.receivedagoodearlyeducationinmusicB.playedtheguitarandthepianoperfectlyC.couldplaythepianowithoutreadingmusicD.couldplaytheguitarbetterthanhisfather4.WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelinParagraph4?A.Hebecamefamousduringaspecialeventathiscollege.B.Heisproudofhisabilitytorememberthingsaccurately.C.Heplaysthepianobetterthanmanyprofessionalpianists.D.Heimpressedtheaudiencebyplayingallthemusicalpieces.5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TheQualitiesofaMusicianB.TheStoryofaMusicalTalentC.TheImportanceofEarlyEducationD.TheRelationshipbetweenMemoryandMusic答案1.D2.B3.C4.B5.BPassage12(2013天津,C)词数:357PoetWilliamStaffordoncesaidthatwearedefinedmorebythedetours(绕行路)inlifethanbythenarrowroadtowardgoals.Ilikethisimage.Butitwasquitebyaccidentt hatIdiscoveredthedeepmeaningofhiswords.ForyearswemadethelongdrivefromourhomeinSeattletomyparents homeinBoiseinnin ehours.Wetraveledthewaymostpeopledo:thefastest,shortest,easiestroad,especiallyw henIwasalonewithfournoisy,restlesskidswhohateconfinement(限制)andhavestrongopinionsabouteverything.Roadtripsfeltrisky,soIwoulddrivefast,stoppingonlywhenIhadto.Wewouldsticktot hefreewaysandarrivetired.ButthenBanner,ourlambwasborn.Hewasrejectedbyhismamadaysbeforeourplannedtrip toBoise.Ihadtwochoices:leaveBannerwithmyhusband,ortakehimwithme.Myhusbandmadeth edecisionforme.ThatishowIfoundmyselfontheroadwithfourkids,ababylambandnothingbutmyeverlast ingoptimismtoseemethrough.Wetookthecountryroadsoutofnecessity.Wehadtostopeveryh our,letBannershakeouthislegsandfeedhim.Thekidschasedhimandoneanother.They dget backinthecarbreathlessandenergized,smellingfreshfromthecoldair.Weexploredsideroads,catchinggrasshoppersinwaist-highgrass.Evenifwesimplyloo kedoutofthecarwindowsatbabypigsfollowingtheirmother,orfishleapingoutofthewater, itwasbetterthanthebestridedownthefreeway.Herewaslife.Andnewhorizons(见识).Weeventuallyarrivedatmyparents doorstepastonishinglyfreshandfullofstories.Igrewbravewiththetripbackhomeandcreativewithmydiscipliningtechnique.Onanemp tysectionofroad,everyonestartedquarreling.Istoppedthecar,orderedallkidsoutandto。
