(完整word版)2014年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析(2),推荐文档

Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviourNew evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours， including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences， including sleepwalking， amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders， they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved，” according to the report.The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile， has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries， including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep， the body can still move， making sleepwalking a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly， and treatment should be stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger，” says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection， a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug，the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects，”says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder， US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects， points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School， director of the SleepDisorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence， Rhode Island， US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained： some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people taking the drug. “It’s a possible rare adverse event，” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann， adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused by the drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The woman’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.Question 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia？A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem？A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares， hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established？A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13 Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain？11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients？12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups？13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects？Answer keys and explanations：1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning： Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.2. FalseSee para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved”…3. Not GivenSee para.2 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile， has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005. (The time the drug was approved in the UK was not mentioned.)4. TrueSee para.3 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.5. FalseSee para.2 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.6. Not GivenSee para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained：some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. (No patients as office workers are mentioned in the passage.)7. CSee para.4 from the beginning： A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.8. BSee the sentence in para.2 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects” (The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly， and treatment should be stopped if they occur.) and the sentence in para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested” (Doctors “not the product information” stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.)9. BSee para.5 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann … says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”.10. 674，500 (times)See para.3 from the beginning： Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.11. (a) benzodiazepine-like (hypnotic)See para.1 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”： The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic (类苯二氮催眠药)that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid.12. risky consequencesSee para.3 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”： Patient advocacy groups …stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.13. Food & Drug (Administration)See para.4 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.。

剑桥雅思真题14-阅读Test 2（附答案）READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Alexander Henderson (1831-1913)Born in Scotland, Henderson emigrated to Canada in 1855, and became a well-known landscapephotographerAlexander Henderson was born in Scotland in 1831 and was the son of a successful merchant. His grandfather, also called Alexander, had founded the family business, and later became the first chairman of the National Bank of Scotland. The family had extensive landholdings in Scotland. Besides its residence in Edinburgh, it owned Press Estate, 650 acres of farmland about 35 miles southeast of the city. The family often stayed at Press Castle, the large mansion on the northern edge of the property, and Alexander spent much of his childhood in the area, playing on the beach near Eyemouth or fishing in the streams nearby.Even after he went to school at Murcheston Academy on the outskirts of Edinburgh, Henderson returned to Press at weekends. In 1849 he began a three-year apprenticeship to become an accountant. Although he never liked the prospect of a business career, he stayed with it to please his family. In October 1855, however, he emigrated to Canada with his wife Agnes Elder Robertson and they settled in Montreal.Henderson learned photography in Montreal around the year 1857 and quickly took it up as a serious amateur. He became a personal friend and colleague of the Scottish-Canadian photographer William Notman. The two men made a photographic excursion to Niagara Falls in 1860 and they cooperated on experiments with magnesium flares as a source of artificial light in 1865. They belonged to the same societies and were among the founding members of the Art Association of Montreal. Henderson acted as chairman of the association's first meeting, which was held in Notman's studio on 11 January 1860.In spite of their friendship, their styles of photography were quite different. While Notman's landscapes were noted for their bold realism, Henderson for the first 20 years of his career produced romantic images, showing the strong influence of the British landscape tradition. His artistic and technical progress was rapid and in 1865 he published his first major collection of landscape photographs. The publication had limited circulation (only seven copies have ever been found), and was called Canadian Views and Studies. The contents of each copy vary significantly and have proved a useful source for evaluating Henderson's early work.1 This text is taken, for the most part, verbatim from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography's biography, Volume XIV (1911-1920). For design purposes, quotation marks have been omitted. Source: http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/henderson_alexander_1831_1913_14E.html. Reproduced with permission.In 1866, he gave up his business to open a photographic studio, advertising himself as a portrait and landscape photographer. From about 1870 he dropped portraiture to specialize in landscape photography and other views. His numerous photographs of city life revealed in street scenes, houses, and markets are alive with human activity, and although his favourite subject was landscape he usually composed his scenes around such human pursuits as farming the land, cutting ice on a river, or sailing down a woodland stream. There was sufficient demand for thesetypes of scenes and others he took depicting the lumber trade, steamboats and waterfalls to enable him to make a living. There was little competing hobby or amateur photography before the late 1880s because of the time-consuming techniques involved and the weight of the equipment. People wanted to buy photographs as souvenirs of a trip or as gifts, and catering to this market, Henderson had stock photographs on display at his studio for mounting, framing, or inclusion in albums.Henderson frequently exhibited his photographs in Montreal and abroad, in London, Edinburgh, Dublin, Paris, New York, and Philadelphia. He met with greater success in 1877 and 1878 in New York when he won first prizes in the exhibition held by E and H T Anthony and Company for landscapes using the Lambertype process. In 1878 his work won second prize at the world exhibition in Paris.In the 1870s and 1880s Henderson travelled widely throughout Quebec and Ontario, in Canada, documenting the major cities oft he two provinces and many of the villages in Quebec. He was especially fond of the wilderness and often travelled by canoe on the Blanche, du Lièvre, and other noted eastern rivers. He went on several occasions to the Maritimes and in 1872 he sailed by yacht along the lower north shore of the St Lawrence River. That same year, while in the lower St Lawrence River region, he took some photographs of the construction of the Intercolonial Railway. This undertaking led in 1875 to a commission from the railway to record the principal structures along the almost-completed line connecting Montreal to Halifax. Commissions from other railways followed. In 1876 he photographed bridges on the Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and Occidental Railway between Montreal and Ottawa. In 1885 he went west along the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) as far as Rogers Pass in British Columbia, where he took photographs of the mountains and the progress of construction.In 1892 Henderson accepted a full-time position with the CPR as manager of a photographic department which he was to set up and administer. His duties included spending four months in the field each year. That summer he made his second trip west, photographing extensively along the railway line as far as Victoria. He continued in this post until 1897, when he retired completely from photography.When Henderson died in 1913, his huge collection of glass negatives was stored in the basement of his house. Today collections of his work are held at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa, and the McCord Museum of Canadian History, Montreal.1 This text is taken, for the most part, verbatim from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography's biography, Volume XIV (1911-1920). For design purposes, quotation marks have been omitted. Source: http://www.blographi.ca/en/bio/henderson_alexander_1831_1913_14E.html. Reproduced with permission.Questions 1-8Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Henderson rarely visited the area around Press estate when he was younger.2 Henderson pursued a business career because it was what his family wanted.3 Henderson and Notman were surprised by the results of their 1865 experiment.4 There were many similarities between Henderson's early landscapes and those of Notman.5 The studio that Henderson opened in 1866 was close to his home.6 Henderson gave up portraiture so that he could focus on taking photographs of scenery.7 When Henderson began work for the Intercolonial Railway, the Montreal to Halifax linehad been finished.8 Henderson's last work as a photographer was with the Canadian Pacific Railway. Questions 9-13Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Back to the future of skyscraper designAnswers to the problem of excessive electricity use by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in ingenious but forgotten architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuriesA The Recovery of Natural Environments in Architecture by Professor Alan Short is the culmination of 30 years of research and award-winning green building design by Short and colleagues in Architecture, Engineering, Applied Maths and Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge.'The crisis in building design is already here.' said Short. 'Policy makers think you can solve Energy and building problems with gadgets. You can't. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have run out of capacity.'B Short is calling for a sweeping reinvention of how skyscrapers and major public buildings are designed -to end the reliance on sealed buildings which exist solely via the 'life support' system of vast air conditioning units.Instead, he shows it is entirely possible to accommodate natural ventilation and cooling in large buildings by looking into the past, before the widespread introduction of air conditioningsystems, which were 'relentlessly and aggressively marketed' by their inventors.C Short points out that to make most contemporary buildings habitable, they have to be sealed and air conditioned. The energy use and carbon emissions this generates is spectacular and largely unnecessary. Buildings in the West account for 40-50% of electricity usage, generating substantial carbon emissions, and the rest of the world is catching up at a frightening rate. Short regards glass, steel and air-conditioned skyscrapers as symbols of status, rather than practical ways of meeting our requirements.D Short's book highlights a developing and sophisticated art and science of ventilating buildings through the 19th and earlier-20th centuries, including the design of ingeniously ventilated hospitals. Of particular interest were those built to the designs of John Shaw Billings, including the first Johns Hopkins Hospital in the US city of Baltimore (1873-1889).'We spent three years digitally modelling Billings' final designs,' says Short. 'We put pathogens* in the airstreams, modelled for someone with tuberculosis (TB) coughing in the wards and we found the ventilation systems in the room would have kept other patients safe from harm.E'We discovered that 19th-century hospital wards could generate up to 24 air changes an hour - that's similar to the performance of a modern-day, computer-controlled operating theatre. We believe you could build wards based on these principles now.Single rooms are not appropriate for all patients. Communal wards appropriate for certain patients - older people with dementia, for example - would work just as well in today's hospitals, at a fraction of the energy cost.'Professor Short contends the mindset and skill-sets behind these designs have been completely lost, lamenting the disappearance of expertly designed theatres, opera houses, and other buildings where up to half the volume of the building was given over to ensuring everyone got fresh air.F Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by a panicked public clamouring for buildings that could protect against what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas -toxic air that spread disease. Miasmas were feared as the principal agents of disease and epidemics for centuries, and were used to explain the spread of infection from the Middle Ages right through to the cholera outbreaks in London and Paris during the 1850s. Foul air, rather than germs, was believed to be the main driver of 'hospital fever', leading to disease and frequent death. The prosperous steered clear of hospitals.While miasma theory has been long since disproved, Short has for the last 30 years advocated a return to some of the building design principles produced in its wake.G Today, huge amounts of a building's space and construction cost are given over to air conditioning. 'But I have designed and built a series of buildings over the past three decades which have tried to reinvent some of these ideas and then measure what happens.'To go forward into our new low-energy, low-carbon future, we would be well advised to look back at design before our high-energy, high-carbon present appeared. What is surprising is what a rich legacy we have abandoned.'H Successful examples of Short's approach include the Queen's Building at De Montfort University in Leicester. Containing as many as 2,000 staff and students, the entire building is naturally ventilated, passively cooled and naturally lit, including the two largest auditoria, each seating more than 150 people. The award-winning building uses a fraction of the electricity of comparable buildings in the UK.Short contends that glass skyscrapers in London and around the world will become a liability over the next 20 or 30 years if climate modelling predictions and energy price rises come to pass as expected.I He is convinced that sufficiently cooled skyscrapers using the natural environment can be produced in almost any climate. He and his team have worked on hybrid buildings in the harsh climates of Beijing and Chicago -built with natural ventilation assisted by back-up air conditioning - which, surprisingly perhaps, can be switched off more than half the time on milder days and during the spring and autumn.Short looks at how we might reimagine the cities, offices and homes of the future. Maybe it's time we changed our outlook.* pathogens: microorganisms that can cause diseaseQuestions 14-18Reading Passage 2 has nine sections, A-I.Which section contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.14 why some people avoided hospitals in the 19th century15 a suggestion that the popularity of tall buildings is linked to prestige16 a comparison between the circulation of air in a 19th-century building and modernstandards17 how Short tested the circulation of air in a 19th-century building18 an implication that advertising led to the large increase in the use of air conditioning Questions 19-26Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 19-26 on your answer sheet.Ventilation in 19th-century hospital wardsProfessor Alan Short examined the work of John Shaw Billings, who influenced the architectural 19 ________ of hospitals to ensure they had good ventilation. He calculated that 20 ________ in the air coming from patients suffering from 21 ________ would not have harmed other patients. He also found that the air in 22 ________ in hospitals could change as often as in a modern operating theatre. He suggests that energy use could be reduced by locating more patients in 23 ________ areas.A major reason for improving ventilation in 19th-century hospitals was the demand from the24 ________ for protection against bad air, known as 25 ________ . These were blamed for the spread of disease for hundreds of years, including epidemics of 26 ________ in London and Paris in the middle of the 19th century.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Questions 27-34Reading Passage 3 has eight sections, A-H.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 27-34 on your answer sheet.28 Section B29 Section C30 Section D31 Section E32 Section F33 Section G34 Section HWhy companies should welcome disorderA Organisation is big business. Whether it is of our lives - all those inboxes and calendars -or how companies are structured, a multi-billion dollar industry helps to meet this need.We have more strategies for time management, project management and self-organisation than at any other time in human history. We are told that we ought to organise our company, our home life, our week, our day and even our sleep, all as a means to becoming more productive. Every week, countless seminars and workshops take place around the world to tell a paying public that they ought to structure their lives in order to achieve this.This rhetoric has also crept into the thinking of business leaders and entrepreneurs, much to the delight of self-proclaimed perfectionists with the need to get everything right. The number of business schools and graduates has massively, increased over the past 50 years, essentially teaching people how to organise well.B Ironically, however, the number of businesses that fail has also steadily increased. Work-related stress has increased. A large proportion of workers from all demographics claim to be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed.This begs the question: what has gone wrong? Why is it that on paper the drive for organisation seems a sure shot for increasing productivity, but in reality falls well short of what is expected?C This has been a problem for a while now. Frederick Taylor was one of the forefathers of scientific management. Writing in the first half of the 20th century, he designed a number of principles to improve the efficiency of the work process, which have since become widespread in modern companies. So the approach has been around for a while.D New research suggests that this obsession with efficiency is misguided. The problem is not necessarily the management theories or strategies we use to organise our work; it's the basic assumptions we hold in approaching how we work. Here it's the assumption that order is a necessary condition for productivity. This assumption has also fostered the idea that disorder must be detrimental to organisational productivity. The result is that businesses and people spend timeand money organising themselves for the sake of organising, rather than actually looking at the end goal and usefulness of such an effort.E What's more, recent studies show that order actually has diminishing returns. Order does increase productivity to a certain extent, but eventually the usefulness of the process of organisation, and the benefit it yields, reduce until the point where any further increase in order reduces productivity. Some argue that in a business, if the cost of formally structuring something outweighs the benefit of doing it, then that thing ought not to be formally structured. Instead, the resources involved can be better used elsewhere.F In fact, research shows that, when innovating, the best approach is to create an environment devoid of structure and hierarchy and enable everyone involved to engage as one organic group. These environments can lead to new solutions that, under conventionally structured environments (filled with bottlenecks in terms of information flow, power structures, rules, and routines) would never be reached.G In recent times companies have slowly started to embrace this disorganisation. Many of them embrace it in terms of perception (embracing the idea of disorder, as opposed to fearing it) and in terms of process (putting mechanisms in place to reduce structure).For example, Oticon, a large Danish manufacturer of hearing aids, used what it called a 'spaghetti' structure in order to reduce the organisation's rigid hierarchies. This involved scrapping formal job titles and giving staff huge amounts of ownership over their own time and projects. This approach proved to be highly successful initially, with clear improvement in worker productivity in all facets of the business.In similar fashion, the former chairman of General Electric embraced disorganisation, putting forward the idea of the 'boundaryless' organisation. Again, it involves breaking down the barriers between different parts of a company and encouraging virtual collaboration and flexible working. Google and a number of other tech companies have embraced (at least in part) these kinds of flexible structures, facilitated by technology and strong company values which glue people together.H A word of warning to others thinking of jumping on this bandwagon: the evidence so far suggests disorder, much like order, also seems to have diminishing utility, and can also have detrimental effects on performance if overused. Like order, disorder should be embraced only so far as it is useful. But we should not fear it - nor venerate one over the other. This research also shows that we should continually question whether or not our existing assumptions work. Questions 35-37Complete the sentences below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet.35 Numerous training sessions are aimed at people who feel they are not ________ enough.36 Being organised appeals to people who regard themselves as ________37 Many people feel ________ with aspects of their work.Questions 38-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this38 Both businesses and people aim at order without really considering its value.39 Innovation is most successful if the people involved have distinct roles.40 Google was inspired to adopt flexibility by the success of General Electric.参考答案1 FALSE2 TRUE3 NOT GIVEN4 FALSE5 NOT GIVEN6 TRUE7 FALSE8 TRUE9 merchant10 equipment11 gifts12 canoe13 mountains14 F15 C16 E17 D18 B19 design(s)20 pathogens21 tuberculosis22 wards23 communal24 public25 miasmas26 cholera27 vi28 i29 iii30 ii31 ix32 vii33 iv34 viii35 productive36 perfectionists37 dissatisfied38 TRUE39 FALSE40 NOT GIVEN。

【英语阅读理解分类练习参考答案】应用文:passage 11~5ADCBC passage 21~5BCBDB 记叙文:passage 11~5CADDB passage 21~5BCACC 议论文:passage 11~5BDAAA passage 21~5CCBDB 说明文:passage 11~5DBBCD passage 21~5BABDD【完形填空分级演练参考答案】初级:passage 11~5DABCC6~10BDCDA passage 21~5CACDB6~10CBDAC 中级:passage 11~5ACBBD 6~10CDCAC 11~15DDBAB passage 21~5CABCA6~10CDBCB11~15CBADB 高级:passage 11~5BDBCA 6~10DABDD 11~15CCBCD passage21~5BADAB 6~10CADAB11~15BACDA【书面表达专题练习参考答案】话题作文(一)one possible version:How Should We Treat Foreign Festivals?Nowadays,more and more foreign festivals are coming into China,such as Christmas Day,Valentine ’s Day and April Fool ’s Day.Some of them are arousing increasing attention yearly in China.So some people are worried whether these foreign festivals will replace the Chinese traditional festivals.In my opinion,we should celebrate some meaningful foreign festivals because these festivals help us Chinese to know more about the culture of different countries.I think we should love our own traditional festivals and never give them up.At the same time,why not try to introduce them to foreign countries?话题作文(二)one possible version:As we know,most of us are the only child in our families now.Our parents love us very much and they try their best to do everything for us,which makes us become ually we are so concentrated on the Internet that we have less time to communicate with others.There is no doubt that we have our own advantages as well.We teenagers have high ideals.We always believe in ourselves and never say “die ”.Meanwhile we are in style.New ideas can be easily accepted by us.You can find out that creative thinking is full of our life.We also know how to respect our parents and teachers.应用文(一)one possible version:I ’m sorry to learn about your trouble.I don ’t think you need to be so upset,nor should you be unhappy with your parents.Don ’t答案专页. All Rights Reserved.答案专页feel strange if I say your parents are right about the matter.As a teenager,you should learn to take some responsibility about your own future.I think the most important thing you are doing now is to get prepared for the future by working better on your puter is just a tool for both education and entertainment ，while mid -term exam is an important stage to test your learning.So,I think,for the time being,you should put the exam before the QQ pet.I suggest you have a good talk with your parents and ask them to feed the QQ pet for you for a time.I hope what I said can be of some help to you.Yours,Peter 应用文(二)one possible version:Dear Mary,Thanks for your invitation.I ’d love to go to your birthday party,but I can ’t,because I ’m too busy.I have too many things to do (next Sunday).I have to clean my room and wash my clothes.And I have to do my schoolwork the whole morning.In the afternoon,I ’m going shopping with my mother.In the evening,I have to help my mother do some housework at home.So,you see,I ’m really very busy.I ’m very sorry.Maybe I can go to your party next time.Thanks for your invitation all the same.Happy birthday to you!I hope you have a good time!Yours,Lucy 图表作文(一)one possible version:How to Spend the WeekendsNow students have more free time on Saturday and Sundays than before.Our school invited me to do an investigation on how the students spend their weekends.I find that almost half of the students study by themselves at home.About 25%of them prefer to watch TV or listen to music.20%of them like to chat online or play computer games,while 10%of them help their parents do housework.Only a small number of them go in for sports or traveling.In my opinion,all of us students should have a proper plan for our weekends.We should make good use of our time to learn more knowledge and develop our interests.We should also do some sports,but I don ’t think it ’s a good idea to spend too much time watching TV ,chatting online or playing computer games.图表作文(二)one possible version:Mrs.Michelle Obama,the First Lady of the US visited The Second High School Attached to Beijing Normal University on March,2014.To our surprise,quite a lot of e-pals began to argue with each other about the school uniforms they were wearing.Some e-pals agree to wear school uniforms at school.First,school uniforms are good for students to take part in different activities,especially,sports.Second,school uniforms are cheaper,and they can save our parents ’money a lot.The most important thing is that students don ’t have to waste time to think what they should wear every day.It is good for their study.But some e-pals don ’t agree.They say that their school uniforms are too ugly.They have simple colors,and they are always too big for students!In my opinion,I agree to wear school uniforms at school.But,we should improve the quality of the school uniforms.Only in this way,would more anduniforms at school in the future!. All Rights Reserved.。

Reading Passage 1 ECOTOURISM IN RUR A L MEXICO It’s not hard to advocate ecotourism——loosely defined as a form of travel that protects an area of the natural world while enabling the local people to preserve their culture and meet their daily needs.The hard part is making it work. Mexico，with many natural，still largely unspoiled areas and a land system based on community ownership，seems a likely ecotourism paradise.But its record of tourism development tells a different story. Now，thanks to the efforts of two consultants in Mexico City，the country may have figured out a way to benefit from the ecotourism market that is growing rapidly worldwide.Juan Carlos Ibarra and Antonio Suarez，co-owners of Balam Consultants，have succeeded where many other people have failed，helping local communities develop the ability to operate ecotourism ventures. Ibarra and Suarez began their current line of work in the early 1990s，helping the residents of the community of San Nicolas，outside Mexico City，develop and market recreational facilities that would attract tourists. Ibarra and Suarez spent more than 600 hours teaching people in the community business，marketing，and public relations skills.The result of this project was the San Nicolas Park，which now offers facilities for hiking and mountain biking on 2,304 hectares of land that otherwise would have been lost to illegal logging and urban sprawl.The project’s success is well regarded by professionals from around the world and is the most-visited ecotourism site in Mexico. The product of their efforts “shows what can be done.Its main value is that it enables those who will benefit or suffer most from ecotourism to take the decisions.” says Ron Mader of the website Americas Ecotourism.“The wonder of the work done by Ibarra and Suarez，”Mader says，“is that they make it look very simple.” An advantage for Mexico in the field of ecotourism development is land reforms implemented after the end of the Mexican Revolution in 1917.Property previously owned by the wealthy elite was redistributed to peasant communities in the form of communally owned village lands known as comunidades. Today，more than 23,000 communal groups Own and 1ive on 75 percent of Mexico’s land.Most of the country s splendid snowcapped volcanoes，lush jungles and white sand beaches are also communal property.This means that when tourists come to visit the country’s natural attractions，the local property owners should benefit. But some heavily promoted resorts，such as Cancun and Bahias de Huatulco，have been built On village lands that were taken by the government and sold to corporations. Although some local people are hired to work at these resorts，many do not have the appropriate skills or the knowledge of how these corporations work，said Ibarra. As a result，most of the well-paying jobs are filled by people from urban areas who have a better understanding of business Ibarra and Suarez are trying to stop this trend by working with the comunidades to develop community-based ecotourism projects.The two consultants have been conducting workshops on the subject in communities across the country. “In recent years，as the ecotourism boom reached Mexico，many companies started promoting trips to the wilderness areas of the country,” said Ibarra.“In the beginning，the owners of the lands in which ecotourism was being developed were not involved at all.Now，slowly but surely，rural populations have begun to perceive ecotourism as an economic alternative.” Commercially speaking，however，the residents of rural communities usually have no experience in running and marketing a business.Even if they have developed a well run project，visitors won’t come unless there is also effective marketing.After all，it is a business and they need to bring in customers. Ibarra and Suarez say teaching people in local communities how to run an ecotourism operation is easy.The hard part is helping rural inhabitants overcome a culturally ingrained notion that they are stupid and incapable of running such a business themselves. For every hour devoted to the instruction of business skills，the consultants spend four hours helping local residents build self-esteem and confidence.They are convinced that a project’s success depends on the involvement of the local landowners. Ron Mader views Ibarra and Suarez as pioneers in building successful ecotourism in Mexico.Their work.hesays，is“outstanding——not only because they have assisted in development of hiking and biking trails，but because they have demonstrated a profound respect for the communities Questions 1——5 Complete the summary below.Choose ONE ORTWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1—5 on your answer sheet. It is valuable but difficult to make (1)................work.Despite Mexico’s natural and legal advantages，the country does not have a good hi story of (2)...............However，two consultants，Ibarro and Suarez are now training (3)................in Mexico in the development of environmentally sound projects Their first project resulted in the establishment of a large (4)................near San Nicolas，used for outdoor recreation.The work done by Ibarro and Suarez has been praised because it allows (5)................to be made by the people most affected. Questions 6—14 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1 7 In boxes 6—14 on your answer sheet write TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage 6. Most of Mexico’s beaches and jungles are communally owned. 7. The Mexican government has profited from the development of tourist resorts. 8. The number of local people working in tourism is decreasing. 9. Ibarra and Suarez want to encourage people who already understand business methods to work on ecotourism projects. 10. Recently，companies have been offering trips to see wild animals in Mexico. 11. People in the Mexican countryside often lack confidence in their own business skills. 12. The first thing that the consultants do in a community is to explain the benefits of ecotourism. 13 Ibarra and Suarez focus mainly on business skills training. 14 Ron Mader admires the attitude of Ibarra and Suarez to the rural 1andowners of Mexico. Reading Passage 2 High-tech Refrigeration 1 Refrigerators are the epitome of clunky technology: solid, reliable and just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century, but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it, and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and, as air conditioners, cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world, however, demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them. 2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change: attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by, for example, a person, and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists, however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down. 3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko, of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications. 4 As to what those applications might be, Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has, nevertheless, set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money, though, may be in cooling computers. 5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law,which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months, is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact, it more than doubles, because besides increasing in number, the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor, so the faster the processor is, the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company, Intel, in 1993, ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second. 6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃, they stop working. Tweaking the processor's heat sinks (copper or aluminium boxes designed to radiate heat away) has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans that circulate air over those heat sinks. And the idea of shifting from single-core processors to systems that divided processing power between first two, and then four, subunits, in order to spread the thermal load, also seems to have the end of the road in sight. 7 One way out of this may be a second curious physical phenomenon, the thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials, this generates electricity from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike paraelectrics, a significant body of researchers is already working on it. 8 The trick to a good thermoelectric material is a crystal structure in which electrons can flow freely, but the path of phonons--heat-carrying vibrations that are larger than electrons--is constantly interrupted. In practice, this trick is hard to pull off, and thermoelectric materials are thus less efficient than paraelectric ones (or, at least, than those examined by Dr Mischenko). Nevertheless, Rama Venkatasubramani a n , o f N e x t r e m e T h e r m a l S o l u t i o n s i n N o r t h C a r o l i n a , c l a i m s t o h a v e m a d e t h e r m o e l e c t r i c r e f r i g e r a t o r s t h a t c a n s i t o n t h e b a c k o f c o m p u t e r c h i p s a n d c o o l h o t s p o t s b y 1 0 ! . A l i S h a k o u r i , o f t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , S a n t a C r u z , s a y s h i s a r e e v e n s m a l l e r - - s o s m a l l t h a t t h e y c a n g o i n s i d e t h e c h i p . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 2 " > 0 0 9 T h e l a s t w o r d i n c o m p u t e r c o o l i n g , t h o u g h , m a y g o t o a s y s t e m e v e n l e s s t e c h y t h a n a h e a t p u m p - - a m i n i a t u r e v e r s i o n o f a c a r r a d i a t o r . L a s t y e a r A p p l e l a u n c h e d a p e r s o n a l c o m p u t e r t h a t i s c o o l e d b y l i q u i d t h a t i s p u m p e d t h r o u g h l i t t l e c h a n n e l s i n t h e p r o c e s s o r , a n d t h e n c e t o a r a d i a t o r , w h e r e i t g i v e s u p i t s h e a t t o t h e a t m o s p h e r e . T o i m p r o v e o n t h i s , I B M ' s r e s e a r c h l a b o r a t o r y i n Z u r i c h i s e x p e r i m e n t i n g w i t h t i n y j e t s t h a t s t i r t h e l i q u i d u p a n d t h u s m a k e s u r e a l l o f i t e v e n t u a l l y t o u c h e s t h e o u t s i d e o f t h e c h a n n e l - - t h e p a r t w h e r e t h e h e a t e x c h a n g e t a k e s p l a c e . I n t h e f u t u r e , t h e r e f o r e , a c o m b i n a t i o n o f m i c r o c h a n n e l s a n d e i t h e r t h e r m o e l e c t r i c s o r p a r a e l e c t r i c s m i g h t c o o l c o m p u t e r s . T h e o l d , a s i t w e r e , h a n d i n h a n d w i t h t h e n e w . (8 3 0 w o r d s ) 0 0 Q u e s t i o n s 1 5 - 1 9 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 3 " > 0 0 C o m p l e t e e a c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a te m e n t s w i t h t h e s c i e n t i s t o r c o m p a n y n a m ef r o m t h e b o x b e l o w . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 4 " > 0 0 W r i t e t h e a p p r o p r i a t e l e t t e r s A - F i n b o x e s 1 5 - 1 9 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 5 " > 0 0 A . A p p l e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 6 " > 0 0 B . I B M / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 7 " > 0 0 C . I n t e l / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 8 " > 0 0 D . A l e x M i s c h e n k o / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 9 " > 0 0 E . A l i S h a k o u r i / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 0 " > 0 0 F . R a m a V e n k a t a s u b r a m a n i a n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 1 " > 0 0 1 5 . . . . a n d h i s r e s e a r c hg r o u p u s e p a r a e l e c t r i c f i l m a v a i l a b l e f r o m th e m a r k e t t o p r o d u c e c o o li n g . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 2 " > 0 0 1 6 . . . . s o l d m i c r o p r o c e s s o r s r u n n i n g a t 6 0 m c y c l e s a s e c o n d i n 1 9 9 3 . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 3 " > 0 0 1 7 . . . . s a y s t h a t h e h a s m a d e r e f r i g e r a t o r s w h i c h c a n c o o l t h e h o t s p o t s o f c o m p u t e r c h i p s b y 1 0 ! . / p > p b d s f id = " 1 2 4 " > 0 0 1 8 . . . . c l a i m s t o h a ve m a d e a r ef r ig e r a t o r s m a l l e n o u gh t o b e b ui l t i n t o a c o m p u te r c h i p . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 2 5 " > 0 0 1 9 . . . . a t t e m p t s t o p r o d u c e b e t t e r c o o l i ng i n p e r s o n a l c o m p u t e r s b y s t i r r i n g u p l i q u i d w i th ti n yj e t s t o m ak e s u r e m a x i m u m h e a t e x c h a n g e . 0 Q u e s t i o n s 2 0 - 2 3 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 6 " > 0 0 D o t h e f ol l o w i n g s t a t em en t s a g r e e w i t h t h e i n fo r m a t i o n g i v e n i n t h e r e a d i n gp a s s a g e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 7 " > 0 0 I n b o x e s 2 0 - 2 3 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t w r i t e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 8 " > 0 0 T R U E i f t h e s t a t e m e n t i s t r u e a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 9 " > 0 0 F A L S E i f t h e s t a t e m e n t i s f a l s e a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 0 " > 0 0 N O T G I V E N i f t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i s n o t g i v e n i n t h e p a s s a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 1 " > 0 0 2 0 . P a r a e l e c t r i c m a t e r i a l s c a n g e n e r a t e a c u r r e n t w h e n e l e c t r o d e s a r e a t t a c h e d t o t h e m . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 2 " > 0 0 2 1 . D r . M i s c h e n k o h a s s u c c e s s f u l l y a p p l i e d h i s l a b o r a t o r y d i s c o v e r y t o m a n u f a c t u r i n g m o r e e f f i c i e n t r e f e r i g e r a t o r s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 3 " > 0 0 2 2 . D o u b l i n g t h e f r eq u e n c y o f l o g i c a l o p er a t i o ns i n s i d e a m i c r o p r o c e s s o r d o u b l e st h e h e a t ou t p u t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 34 " > 0 0 2 3 . I B M w i l l a c h i e v e b e t t e r c o m p u t e r c o o l i n g b y c o m b i n i n g m i c r o c h a n n e l s w i t h p a ra e l e c t r i c s . / p > pb d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > 0 0 Q u e s t i o n s 2 4 - 2 7 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 6 " > 0 0 C o m p l e t e t h e n o t e s b e l o w . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 7 " > 0 0 C h o o s e o n e s u i t a b l e w o r d f r o m t h e R e a d i n g P a s s a g e a b o v e f o r e ac h a n s w e r . / p > p bd s f i d = " 1 3 8 " > 0 0 W r i te y o u r a n s w e r s i n b o x e s 2 4 - 2 7 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 3 9 " > 0 0 T r a d i t i o n a l r e f r ig e r a t o r s u s e . . . 2 4 . . . p u m p s t o d r o p t e m p e r a t u r e . A t p r e s e n t , s c i e n t i s t s a r e s e a r chi n g f o r o t h e r m e t h o d s t o p r o d u c e r e f r i g e r a t i o n , e s p e c i a l l y i n c o m p u t e r m i c r o p r o c e s s o r s . . . . 2 5 . . . m a t e r i a l s h a v e b e e n t r i e d t o g e n e r a t e t e m p e r a t u r e d r o p s f i v e t i m e s b i g g e r t h a n a n y p r e v i o u s l y r e c o r d e d . . . . 2 6 . . . e f f e c t h a s a l s ob e e n a d o p t e d b y m a n y r e s e a rc h e r s t o c o o l h o t s p o t s i n c o m p u t e r s . A m i n i a t u r e v e r s i o n o f ac a r . . . 2 7 . . . m a y a l s o b e a s y s t e m t o r e a l i z e ide a l c o m p u t e r c o o l i n g i n t h ef u t u r e . 0 0 R e a d i n gP a s s a g e 3 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 0 " > 0 0 T h e H i s t o r y o f E a r l y C i n e m a / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 1 " > 0 0 T h e h i s t o r y o f t h e c i n e m a i n i t s f i r s t t h i r t y y e a r s i s o n e o f m a j o r a n d , t o t h i s d a y , u n p a r a l l e l e d e x p a n s i o n a n d g r o w t h . B e g i n n i n g a s s o m e t h i n g u n u s u a l i n a h a n d f u l o f b i g c i t i e s - N e w Y o r k , L o n d o n , P a r i s a n d B e r l i n - t h e n e w m e d i u m q u i c k l y f o u n d i t s w a y a c r o s s t h e w o r l d , a t t r a c t i n g l a r g e r a n d l a r g e r a u d i e n c e s w h e r e v e r i t w a s s h o w n a n d r e p l a c i n g o t h e r f o r m s o f e n t e r t a i n m e n t a s i t d i d s o . A s a u d i e n c e s g r e w , s o d i d t h e p l a c e s w h e r e f i l m s w e r e s h o w n , f i n i s h i n g u p w i t h t h e ' g r e a t p i c t u r e p a l a c e s ' o f t h e 1 9 2 0 s , w h i c h r i v a l l e d , a n d o c c a s i o n a l l y s u p e r s e d e d , t h e a t r e s a n d o p e r a - h o u s e s i n t e r m s o f o p u l e n c e a n d s p l e n d o u r . M e a n w h i l e , f i l m s t h e m s e l v e s d e v e l o p e d f r o m b e i n g s h o r t ' a t t r a c t i o n s ' o n l y a c o u p l e o f m i n u t e s l o n g , t o t h e f u l l -l e n g t h f e a t u r e t h a t h a s d o m i n a t e d t h e w o r l d ' s s c r e e n s u p t o t h e p r e s e n t d a y . / p >。

雅思阅读机经分析南京环球雅思教研中心-田倩 考试日期：2014年12月20日Reading Passage 1 （旧）Title: 澳洲史前人 Mungo ManQuestion types:人名理论配对 8判断 6文章大意 主要讲了澳洲史前人的研究。

过往机经参考：V091011 远古人类的住宿环境V121020 欧洲祖先的生存环境段落配标题，配对，填空，选择题（考查主旨）讲过去欧洲祖先的生活环境，极地的民族用火，用动物皮什么的，有一个cave, 科技的演化，火，在5个不同地方的区别。

部分答案人名理论配对:1.他在寻找古老的湖泊，这名Mungo 女子是被火葬的。

A2.持怀疑态度的教授对一些华师的DNA 进行了可靠的分析。

E3.教授测定的人的年龄要比62000年前年轻得多的结果。

A4.确定Mungo 人的年龄，争议了澳大利亚人的起源。

B5.在澳洲，研究小组谁先恢复生物的证据，发现了尼安德特人。

C6.年代的支持者认为澳大利亚巨型动物的灭绝是由于古代人类狩猎造成的。

D7.多区域的解释已经被提出，而不是坚持认为单一的起源。

B8.史前人类活动导致气候变化而不是巨型动物的灭绝。

A是非无判断：1.Mungo 湖仍然为考古学家提供了图解说明人类活动的证据。

TRUE2.在Mungo湖发现Mungo人使用的武器。

NOT GIVEN3.Mungo人是复杂的文化世界上已知最古老的证据之一，如埋葬仪式。

TRUE4.Mungo男人和女人的骨架被发现是在同一年。

FALSE5.科学家之间的争议是最古老智人的起源。

TRUE6.澳大利亚教授使用古老的研究方法对“走出非洲”支持者的批判。

NOT GIVEN另外，烤鸭们可参考《我预测你高分》上的机经还原文章。

难度分析历史探索类文章，难度不高，避免粗心。

判断题是雅思阅读的重头戏，但注意有时个别题目会因粗心心急定位不到和定位不准，注意明显定位词可优先定位；人名理论配对题进来较为高频，且暂时取代了填词类的考题出现在passage1,注意定位的精准和语言理解的精确性。

2014.12.4雅思考题回忆及答案解析摘要：昨天是雅思考试的日子，很多人都很好奇有哪些题目被考中或者是又有哪些新题出现了，小马过河全日制频道给大家整理了2014.12.4雅思考题回忆的全部内容，一起来看一下吧。

2014.12.4雅思考题回忆小马过河全日制频道给大家做了详细的整理，同学们千万不要错过了，这对12月6日的考试有一定的帮助。

2014.12.4雅思考题回忆/vip/ielts/20141205/324447.html?seo=wenku2014年12月4日雅思听力回忆(网友版)听力是：art fairnotice for ship leaveassignment for solving traffic jamtea tree oil2014年12月4日雅思阅读回忆(网友版)解读2014.12.4雅思阅读考题：/vip/ielts/20141205/324447.html?seo=wenku1、南非某个种族的人的历史2、Engineering and arts3、在新西兰对儿童进行的健康检查。

2014年12月4日雅思写作回忆(网友版)解读2014.12.4雅思写作考题：/vip/ielts/20141205/324447.html?seo=wenku雅思写作A类小作文线图General Motors, Ford, Honda, Toyota制造汽车所用时间。

大作文:some people say that its better to teach language students in small classes, others think the number of people does not matter. discuss and give your own opinion.2014年12月4日雅思口语回忆(网友版)1、中国农业大学room5 印度还是亚裔怪阿姨全程无表情语速快声音小英腔part 1 姓名/家乡/专业/季节/颜色各种琐碎不知是不是因为说得太少part2 最近看过的书觉得还没说够两分钟就被打断了part3 小孩大人分别喜欢什么类型的书。

雅思试题及答案2014一、听力部分1. What is the man's main reason for calling?A. To book a table at a restaurantB. To cancel a reservationC. To inquire about the menu答案：B2. When does the woman plan to leave?A. At 9:30 amB. At 10:00 amC. At 10:30 am答案：A二、阅读部分1. According to the passage, what is the primary function of the enzyme in question?A. It breaks down proteins.B. It aids in digestion.C. It prevents blood clotting.答案：C2. What does the author suggest about the future of the species discussed?A. It will become extinct.B. It will adapt to the changing environment.C. It will migrate to a new habitat.答案：B三、写作部分1. Task 1: The chart below shows the percentage of people in different age groups who used the internet in a European country in 2014.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.答案：The chart illustrates the internet usage among different age groups in a European country in 2014. It is evident that the highest percentage of internet users was among the 25-34 age group, accounting for 92%. In contrast, the lowest usage was observed in the 65-74 age group, with only 46% of individuals accessing the internet. The 15-24 and 35-44 age groups had similar internet usage rates, both around 80%.2. Task 2: Some people believe that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has had a negative impact on young people's reading and writing skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.答案：I agree that the increasing reliance on technology forcommunication has had a detrimental effect on young people's reading and writing skills. Firstly, the instant nature of electronic communication encourages brevity and informality, which can lead to a decline in the use of proper grammar and punctuation. Secondly, the ease of editing and spell-checking tools may reduce the motivation to learn these skills thoroughly. However, it is also important to acknowledge that technology has made information more accessible and has the potential to enhance learning through interactive platforms. Overall, while technology has its benefits, it is crucial to ensure that young people continue to develop strong reading and writing skills alongside their digital literacy.四、口语部分1. Describe a book you have read recently.答案：I recently read "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. The book is set in the 1930s in a small Southern town and follows the story of Scout Finch, her brother Jem, and their father Atticus Finch, who is a lawyer. The story deals with themes of racial injustice and moral growth, and it's a powerful exploration of human nature. I found the characters to be well-developed and the plot engaging, making it a thought-provoking and enjoyable read.2. What do you think are the benefits of learning a foreign language?答案：Learning a foreign language has numerous benefits. Firstly,it enhances cognitive abilities, such as memory and problem-solving skills. Secondly, it broadens cultural understanding and fosters global awareness. Additionally, it can improve job prospects and provide opportunities for travel and international connections. Lastly, learning a new language is a rewarding challenge that can boost self-confidence and personal growth.。

智 课 网 雅 思 备 考 资 料2014年6月28日雅思考试真题及解析小编今天给各位烤鸭同学整理的2014年6月28日雅思考试真题及解析。

2014年6月28日雅思考试真题包括四方面，雅思听力，雅思阅读，雅思口语及雅思写作。

后文有智课名师的点评和解析。

更多雅思要点、资讯敬请关注智课外语培训网（2014年6月28日雅思听力回忆(网友版)Section 1：campsite填空题。

两家家长在讨论出游的三个项目的选择，包括地点，内容，费用，答案有：sea，15.75. Bike，pool...Section 2：关于回收的介绍，选择题+填空题，填空题是五种颜色分别对应怎样的回收物品，答案有spare carbatteries，glass，colored...Section 3： design presentation 一男一女对话，选择题+配对题女生问男生关于她做的presentation的意见，选择题有关于选题的deve lopment，还有内容教授是不是喜欢，以及visit the museums, 配对题是女生问presentation步骤，四道配对包括：introduction,further information, statement about image等.Section 4： suburb 填空+配对填空题是关于郊区都是谁住的，填wealthypeople，做生意方便等好处，配对题是人名配理论，第一个人说good tohealth，第三个人住郊区是是噩梦，第四个说容易结成organizations...解析：总体来讲，本次听力考题难度偏难, 题型主要以填空题、选择题、配对题为主。

S2S4为往年旧题。

以两新两旧的形式出现，其中S 1和S3为新题，S2和S4为旧题。

考试难度总体相对较难。

2014年6月28日雅思阅读回忆(网友版) >>咨询雅思考试疑难第一题是关于土豆的发展，TFNG和填空，讲了土豆如何从不被接受到广泛种植的故事，后半部分提到了土豆在几个国家的发展史，对应后面填空题，前半部分对应判断题。

2014年6月7日雅思阅读真题回忆2014年6月7日雅思阅读真题回忆
1、Fishbourne Roman Palace
本篇讲述的是对一个罗马宫殿的考查。

第一段总述该宫殿的历史;第二段描述发现的经过;第三段对其建筑进行描写;第四段列举了关于该宫殿为谁而建的两种假说;最后段说明该地方现状。

2、Mammoth Kill (旧题)
本篇讲述关于远古时代猛犸的灭绝原因的一些假说。

第一段总述猛犸的灭绝的原因，提出有几种假说认为可能是由人类造成的，也可能是由于气候原因;第二段介绍人类狩猎的假说;第三段介绍人类或其宠物带来致命疾病的假说;第四段介绍气候变化造成栖息地丧失的假说。

3、The Role of Accident in Business
本篇讲述商业中的意外的作用。

第一段列举了玉米片与报事贴的发明等例子说明意外在商业中有积极的作用;随后说明了一些公司对于意外的态度;最后提出利用意外的愿景。

雅思阅读T/F/NG模拟试题(2)Practice 2Almost everyone with or without a computer is aware of the latest technological revol ution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate, namely, the Inf ormation Superhighway, best exemplified by the ubiquitous Internet. Already, millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having a modem and an ad dress on the `Net', in much the same way that owning a telephone links us to almost a nyone who pays a phone bill. In fact, since the computer connections are made via the phone line, the Internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links. It rema ins to seen in which direction the Information Superhighway is headed, but many believ eit is the educational hope of the future.The World Wide Web, an enormous collection of Internet addresses or sites, all of w hich can be accessed for information, has been mainly responsible for the increase in int erest in the Internet in the 1990s. Before the World Wide Web, the `Net' was comparab le to an integrated collection of computerized typewriters, but the introduction of the `W eb' in 1990 allowed not only text links to be made but also graphs, images and even vi deo.A Web site consists of a `home page', the first screen of a particular site on the com puter to which you are connected, from where access can be had to other subject relate d `pages'(or screens) at the site and on thousands of other computers all over the world. This is achieved by a process called `hypertext'. By clicking with a mouse device on v arious parts of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or surfing' through a of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or `surfing' thr ough a web of pages to locate whatever information is required.Anyone can set up a site; promoting your club, your institution, your company's produ cts or simply yourself, is what the Web and the Internet is all about. And what is more, information on the Internet is not owned or controlled by any one organization. It is, p erhaps, true to say that no one and therefore everyone owns the `Net'. Because of the r elative freedom of access to information, the Internet has often been criticised by the me dia as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users. This perceptio n has proved to be largely false however, and the vast majority of users both young an d old get connected with the Internet for the dual purposes for which it was intended - discovery and delight.TRUE／FALSE／NOT GIVENveryone is aware of the Information Superhighway.ing the Internet costs the owner of a telephone extra money.3.Internet computer connections are made by using telephone lines.4.The World Wide Web is a network of computerised typewriters.5.According to the author, the Information Superhighway may be the future hope of e ducation.6.The process called`hypertext'requires the use of a mouse device.7.The Internet was created in the 1990s.8.The `home page'is the first screen of a `Web'site on the `Net'.9.The media has often criticised the Internet because it is dangerous.10. The latest technological revolution will change the way humans communicate.Answer Keys。

智 课 网 雅 思 备 考 资 料雅思阅读模拟试题（2014版第二十四期）小编为各位雅思考生整理了雅思阅读模拟试题（2014版第二十四期），阅读试题供考生参考练习。

更多雅思考试模拟试题／真题，请关注智课外语网雅思频道。

小编为各位雅思考生整理了雅思阅读模拟试题（2014版第二十四期），第一页为阅读内容，第二页为试题，答案见第三页。

阅读试题供考生参考练习。

更多雅思考试模拟试题／真题，请关注智课外语网雅思频道。

更多雅思模拟考题欢迎拨打真题热线4006180272免费索取。

Don’t wash those fossils！Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.1. Washing， brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike — vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.2. Instead， excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves， and freezing samples as they are found， dirt and all， concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.3. Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA，Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris，France， and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information， they say，needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.4. Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3，200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs. The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times — either in 1947， and stored in a museum collection， or in 2004， and conserved in sterile conditions at -20 oC.5. The team’s attempts to extract DNA from the 1947 bones all failed. The newly excavated fossils， however， all yielded DNA.6. Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time， and in the same conditions， the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl. “As much DNA was degraded in these 57 years as in the 3，200 years before，” she says.Wash in，wash out7. Because many palaeontologists base their work on the shape of fossils alone， their methods of conservation are not designed to preserve DNA， Geigl explains.8. The biggest problem is how they are cleaned. Fossils are often washed together on-site in a large bath， which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA —to permeate into the porous bones. “Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out， but contamination is getting washed in，” says Geigl.9. Most ancient DNA specialists know this already， says Hendrik Poinar， an evolutionary geneticist at McMaster University in Ontario， Canada. But that doesn’t mean that best practice has become widespread among those who actually find the fossils.10. Getting hold of fossils that have been preserved with their DNA in mind relies on close relationships betweenlab-based geneticists and the excavators， says palaeogeneticist Svante P bo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig， Germany. And that only occurs in exceptional cases， he says.11. P bo’s team， which has been sequencing Neanderthal DNA， continually faces these problems. “When you want to study ancient human and Neanderthal remains， there’s a big issue of contamination with contemporary human DNA，” hesays.12. This doesn’t mean that all museum specimens are fatally flawed， notes P bo. The Neanderthal fossils that were recently sequenced in his own lab， for example， had been part of a museum collection treated in the traditional way. But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl’s recommendations — just in case.在我们看来，阅读的满分并不是遥不可及的！点这里，告诉你满分是如何炼成的Warm and wet13. Geigl herself believes that， with cooperation between bench and field researchers， preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.14. Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions. DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place， and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason， Geigl says， most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples， such as the woolly mammoth， or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves — including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.15. Better conservation methods， and a focus on fresh fossils， could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens， says Geigl. And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.(640 words nature )GlossaryPalaeontologists 古生物学家Aurochs 欧洲野牛Neanderthal (人类学)尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类。

2014年雅思阅读模拟试题(1)When was the last time you saw a frog? Chances are, if you live in a city, you have not seen one for some time. Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it is BEComing less and less easy to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom. All over the world, and even in remote parts of Australia, frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise. Are amphibians simply oversensitive to changes in the ecosystem? Could it be that their rapid decline in numbers is signaling some coming environmental disaster for us all? This frightening scenario is in part the consequence of a dramatic increase over the last quarter century in the development of once natural areas of wet marshland; home not only to frogs but to all manner of wildlife. However, as yet, there are no obvious reasons why certain frog species are disappearing from rainforests in Australia that have barely been touched by human hand. The mystery is unsettling to say the least, for it is known that amphibian species are extremely sensitive to environmental variations in temperature and moisture levels. The danger is that planet Earth might not only lose a vital link in the ecological food chain (frogs keep populations of otherwise pestilent insects at manageable levels), but we might be increasing our output of air pollutants to levels that may have already become irreversible. Frogs could be inadvertently warning us of a catastrophe.An example of a species of frog that, at far as is known, has become extinct, is the platypus frog. Like the well-known Australian mammal it was named after, it exhibited some very strange behaviour; instead of giving birth to tadpoles in the water, it raised its young within its stomach. The baby frogswere actually born from out of their mother's mouth. Discovered in 1981, less than ten years later the frog had completely vanished from the crystal clear waters of Booloumba Creek near Queensland's Sunshine Coast. Unfortunately, this freak of nature is not the only frog species to have been lost in Australia. Since the 1970s, no less than eight others have suffered the same fate.One theory that seems to fit the facts concerns the depletion of the ozone layer, a well documented phenomenon which has led to a sharp increase in ultraviolet radiation levels.The ozone layer is meant to shield the Earth from UV rays, but increased radiation may be having a GREater effect upon frog populations than previously believed. Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN1.Frogs are disappearing only from city areas.2.Frogs and toads are usually poisonous.3.Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.4.The frogs' natural habitat is becoming more and more developed.5.Attempts are being made to halt the development of wet marshland.6.Frogs are important in the ecosystem because they control pests.7.The platypus frog became extinct by 1991.8.Frogs usually give birth to their young in an underwater nest.9.Eight frog species have become extinct so far in Australia.10.There is convincing evidence that the ozone layer is being depleted.11.It is a fact that frogs' breeding cycles are upset by worldwide in creases in temperature.Answer Keys：1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.NG 6.T 7.T 8.NG 9.F 10.T 11.F2014年雅思阅读模拟试题(2)Almost everyone with or without a computer is aware of the latest technological revolution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate, namely, the Information Superhighway, best exemplified by the ubiquitous Internet. Already, millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having a modem and an address on the `Net', in much the same way that owning a telephone links us to almost anyone who pays a phone bill. In fact, since the computer connections are made via the phone line, the Internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links. It remains to seen in which direction the Information Superhighway is headed, but many believeit is the educational hope of the future.The World Wide Web, an enormous collection of Internet addresses or sites, all of which can be accessed for information, has been mainly responsible for the increase in interest in the Internet in the 1990s. Before the World Wide Web, the `Net' was comparable to an integrated collection of computerized typewriters, but the introduction of the `Web' in 1990 allowed not only text links to be made but also graphs, images and even video.A Web site consists of a `home page', the first screen of a particular site on the computer to which you are connected, from where access can be had to other subject related `pages'(or screens) at the site and on thousands of other computers all over the world. This is achieved by a process called `hypertext'. By clicking with a mouse device on various parts of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or surfing' through a of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or `surfing' through a web of pages to locate whatever information is required.Anyone can set up a site; promoting your club, your institution, your company's products or simply yourself, is what the Web and the Internet is all about. And what is more, information on the Internet is not owned or controlled by any one organization. It is, perhaps, true to say that no one and therefore everyone owns the `Net'. BECause of the relative freedom of access to information, the Internet has often been criticised by the media as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users. This perception has proved to be largely false however, and the vast majority of users both young and old get connected with the Internet for the dual purposes for which it was intended - discovery and delight.TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN1.Everyone is aware of the Information Superhighway.ing the Internet costs the owner of a telephone extra money.3.Internet computer connections are made by using telephone lines.4.The World Wide Web is a network of computerised typewriters.5.According to the author, the Information Superhighway may be the future hope of education.6.The process called`hypertext'requires the use of a mouse device.7.The Internet was created in the 1990s.8.The `home page'is the first screen of a `Web'site on the `Net'.9.The media has often criticised the Internet because it is dangerous.10. The latest technological revolution will change the way humans communicate.1.F2.NG3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T2014年雅思阅读模拟试题(3)1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has throwna spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。