2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：动名词专项练习

动名词特征动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式，由动词原形加“-ing”构成，与现在分词同形。

动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用，其动词特征表现为可以带宾语、状语或表语。

The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records．(带宾语) Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer．(带状语)Censure is the tax a man pays to the public for being eminent．责难是一个人因为出名而向公众交的税。

(带表语)此外，动名词的动词特征还表现在它的语态和时态变化上。

例如：There is more pleasure in loving than in being loved．(一般被动式)I know nothing about his having served in the army．(完成式)成分(一) 作主语1) 动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验Talking mends no holes．Promising is the eve of giving．Talking to him is talking to a wall．2)有时先用it作形式主语。

把-ing形式置于句尾it is no use/good/useless/ a waste of…/fun/pleasure doing sthit is no use complaining It's nice seeing you again．lt is fun playing with children．3) “There is+ no 后可以用动名词作主语, 表示“没法……”There was no telling when this might happen again．There is no hiding of evil but to do it ．比较：There is no sense/point/use (in) doing sth(二) 作表语动名词作表语也表示一种概念、习惯或经验。

动名词动名词由“动词+ing”构成, 既有动词的特征又有名词的句法功能, 在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、和定语，其否定式为not doing/ not having done具体用法：1．动名词作主语的一些特殊及常用结构It is / was no use / good doing sthIt is / was useless doing sthIt is no use crying over spilt milk2．动名词作宾语1）下列动词和词组后只用动名词作宾语admit; appreciate; avoid; consider; delay; dislike; enjoy; escape; finish; imagine; mind; keep; miss; practise; risk; resist; suggest;be used to（习惯于）; can’t help（情不自禁）; can’t stand（无法忍受）; give up; feel like; look forward to; devote to; pay attention to; lead to; stick to; be busy; get down to ; have difficulty/ trouble (in);2）特殊结构●下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词，也可以跟不定式，但意义上有区别，要特别注意forget to do sth / doing sth remember to do sth/ doing sthregret; stop; try ; mean; can’t help; go on●在动词allow; advise; forbid; permit 等动词后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用不定式作宾语补足语allow / advise/ forbid/ permit + doing sth / sb. to do sthWe don’t allow smoking here.We don’t him to smoke here.●动词need; require; want 作“需要”讲时，主语又是物时，其后加动名词的主动形式，或不定式的被动形式The windows need/ require/ want cleaning.= The windows need/ require/ want to be cleaned.worth 和worthy的区别The place is worth visiting.= The place is worthy of a visit= The place is worthy of being visited.= The place is worthy to be visited.3．动名词的复合结构所谓动名词的复合结构，就是动名词前面有自己的逻辑主语。

高考英语语法填空考点练习题一．介词填空1.We didn’t begin to watch TV_______________9:00.2.He has been sick_______________yesterday.3.He will be back_______________ five hours.4.They cut the wood _______________a knife.5.The old men were walking_______________ the river.6._______________short, he is one of the most promising students I’ve ever known.7.They paid an extra five percent in addition_______________ the price.8.She learned Japanese_______________ her stay in Shanghai.9.You can use that glass_______________ a vase.10._______________his arrival at the airport, the film star was recognized and soon surrounded by a group of fans.二．名词的数1.Those ____________________(passer-by) witnessed the traffic accident.2.Sugar is bad for your____________________(tooth).3.He tore all the ____________________(photo) into pieces.4.The store were overrun with rats and____________________(mouse).5.In the garden, the____________________ (leaf) of the apple trees had already fallen.6.Yang Liwei is one of the country’s national ____________________(hero).7.He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household ____________________(appliance).8.They are twins, but they have different religious____________________(belief).9.Globalization is one of the____________________(phenomenon) of 21st century.10.The team lost all the____________________(match) this season although theyplayed hard.三．动词搭配1.You are expected ____________________(finish) the work in time.2.The old man was advised____________________(take) a rest.3.The students enjoy____________________(listen) to pop music.4.My friend suggested____________________(go) abroad with me last week.5.His secretary was instructed____________________(cancel) all his engagement.6.He insisted on____________________(do) the same experiment.7.The worker happened_______________(work) with my uncle in the same factory.8.She doesn’t allow____________________(smoke) in the room.9.How they will solve the problem remains____________________(see).10.You are all forbidden____________________ (leave).四．被动语态1.Helen’s room____________________(clean) by her mother every day.2.The first Olympic Games____________________(hold) by the ancient Greeks.3.Snow White____________________(tell) by the teacher now.4.Ten bridges____________________(build) by them by 2007.5.The experiment____________________(do) here at this time next Monday.6.A gift, together with many flowers____________________(send) to me by my students last week.7.His car____________________(repair)tomorrow morning.8.This means of transport____________________(try) for many times.9.Each of the students____________________(ask) to speak for 3 minutes at the meeting yesterday.10.A ll that can be done____________________(do).五．固定短语中的冠词1.Jack fell in love with Kate _______________moment he saw her.2.It is honorable to earn _______________living with your hands.3.The teacher had _______________talk with the student in the office.4.In_______________ world, I love my school. I find my school life more and more meaningful and colorful.5.The festival will be for our city and for the country as_______________ whole.6.I have come to _______________conclusion that he is not the right person for the job.7.On one hand, I have to work; on _______________other hand, I have a great many visitors.8.There is_______________ knife and fork on the table.9.We have been to the Great Wall many_______________ time.10.By_______________ way, I want to know where you live.六．形容词的比较等级1.Who is the____________________(tall) of the three boys?2.Diamond is even____________________(hard) than steel.3.He is the____________________(good) of the two.4.The____________________(soon) ,the better.5.He may be late. ____________________(bad) still, he may not come at all.6.The film is no___________________(good)than the one I saw last time with Mike.7.For most of the students, English is____________________(easy) than Maths.8.Our room is twice____________________(large) than theirs.9.Which is ____________________(popular), the radio or TV.10.Jane danced____________________ (elegantly) of all the students in the class.七．动词时态1.It is said that there____________________(be) a basketball match next week.2.This matter____________________(talk) about at the meeting yesterday.3.This book ____________________(translate) into many languages since it was published.4.It ____________________(be) 30 years since we met last time.5.Either you or I ____________________(be) going to work here.6.The great writer and professor____________________(be) very strict with his students.7.You’d better not call the manager between 7 and 8 this evening, forhe____________________(have) an important meeting then.8.Whether he can attend the meeting____________________(be) still unknown.9.They ____________________(work) in the garden all afternoon.10.The man____________________(live) in the old castle for over 30 years.八．动名词与不定式1.To see is ____________________(believe).2.It’s important for us____________________(express) our opinions.3.She prefers____________________(travel) rather than attend the wedding.4.When I heard his voice, I couldn’t help____________________(think) of my father.5.He always has a lot of meeting____________________ (attend).6.I hurried to get there only____________________(find) him out.7.Switch it on by____________________(press)this button.8.What she means is that there is no point in____________________(write) this letter.9.I am looking forward to____________________(hear) from you.10.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hourwithout____________________ (refer) to his notes.九．词性转换1.____________________(luck), we won the first prize.2.If you think you can cheat others, you are____________________(mistake).3.Because of his____________________ (absent), the meeting was put off.4.I can____________________ (true) say I’ve never enjoyed myself so much.5.There have been a lot of____________________(argue) about who was responsible for the accident.6.It is____________________ (simple) wonderful to see you here.7.In____________________ (strike) contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent.8.The exercises are designed to____________________(strength) your stomach muscles.9.She left the room suddenly without____________________(explain).10.Please keep reading because reading can____________________(large) your vocabulary.十．从句的连接词1.Do you know Peter____________________ father happens to be working in your company?2.Anyone ____________________laughs last laughs best.3.My house, ____________________I bought two years ago, has got a lovely garden.4.This is the house____________________ I was born.5.The reason____________________ I’m calling you is to invite you to a party.6.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rules: Always give the monkey exactly____________________ he wants.7.Who was it ____________________broke the vase?8.This is the very room____________________ I slept in that evening.9.____________________it has been raining heavily the those days will of course do harm to our crops.10.The teacher told us the fact____________________ we would have an important meeting the next day.高考英语语法填空考点练习题答案一、介词填空1 . until / till2 . since3 . in4 . with5 . along6 . In7 .to 8. during 9. as 10. On二、名词的数1.passers-by2.teeth3.photos4.mice5.leaves6.heroes7.appliances8.beliefs9.phenomena 10.matches三、动词的搭配1. to finish2. to take3. listening4. going5. to cancel6. doing7. to work8. smoking9. to be seen 10. to leave四、被动语态1. is cleaned2. were held3. is being told4. had been built5. will be being done6. was sent7. will be repaired8. has been tried9. was asked10. has been done五、固定短语中的冠词1.the2.a3.a4.a5.a6.the7.the8.a9.a 10.the六、形容词的比较等级1. tallest2. harder3. better4. sooner5. Worse6.better7.easier rger 9.more popular 10.the most elegantly七、动词时态1.will be2.was talked3.has been translated4.is5.am6. is7. will be having8. is9. have been working 10.has lived八、动名词与不定式1.to believe2.to express3.to travel4.thinking5.to attend6. to find7. pressing8. writing9. hearing 10. referring九、词性转换1.Luckily2.mistaken3.absence4.truly5.arguments6. simply7. striking8. strengthen9. explanation 10.enlarge十、从句的连接词1.whose2.who3.which4.where5.why6.what7.that8.that9.That 10.that。

动名词专项练习题Ⅰ、单项选择：1.No one enjoys _______ at.A. laughingB. to laughC. being laughedD. to be laughed2.You must do something to prevent your house _______.A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in3.They insisted on _______ another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given4. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；takingC. putting；to takeD. to put；taking5.His room needs _______, so he must have it _______.A. painting；paintedB. painted；paintingC. painting；paintingD. painted；painted6.After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write7.The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care.A. looking afterB. to look afterC. to be looked afterD. taken good care of8.Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language.A. to learn；to learnB. learning；learningC. learning about；learnD. learning about；learning9.She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.A. missedB. to be missingC. missingD. to be missed10.She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age.A. to studyB. studyingC. to studyingD. study11.Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. be put back12.As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；postB. hearing；to postC. be heard；postingD. be hearing；to posting13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______ your handwriting.A. to readB. to seeC. reading C. in seeing14.Writing stories and articles _______ what I enjoy most.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15.We appreciate _______ us to the ball.A. them to inviteB. to inviteC. their invitingD. being invited16.Would you mind _______ quiet for a moment? I'm trying _______ a form.A. keeping；filling outB. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill outD. to keep；filling out17.He was afraid _______ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seenC. to be seenD. to have seen18.I'd like to suggest _______ the meeting till next week.A. to put offB. putting offC. put offD. to be put off19.I don't see how I could possibly manage _______ the work without _______.A. finish；helpingB. to finish；being helpedC. finishing；helpingD. finishing；being helped20. Anything worth _______ is worthy of _______ well.A. doing；being doneB. doing；doingC. to be done；to be doneD. to be done；being done21. We advised them to take a re 159 st, but they insisted _______ the work.A. finishB. to finishC. in finishingD. on finishing22. I delayed _______ your letter because I had been away for a week.A. answerB. answeringC. writingD. to post23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _______ by the police.A. to be caughtB. be caughtC. being caughtD. catching24. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I _______ it at home. Then I remembered _______ it out to pay for the taxi.A. must have left；to takeB. may leave；takingC. might leave；to takeD. could have left；taking25. _______ the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.A. After hearingB. On hearingC. While hearingD. Having heard26. _______ his mother, the baby could not help _______.A. To see；to laughB. Seeing；to laughC. Seeing；laughingD. To see；laughing27.It's no use _______ so much money on clothes.A. spendB. spentC. spendingD. being spent28.The sentence needs _______.A. improveB. a improvementC. improvingD. improved29.If he succeeded _______ a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.A. to findB. to look forC. in findingD. in looking for30.I still remember _______ to my home town when I was young.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. to takeⅡ、填入动名词的适当形式：1.Can you imagine yourself _______ in a lonely island? (stay)2.I can't understand your _______ at that poor child. (laugh)3.She didn't mind _______ overtime. (work)4.To make a living, he tried _______, _______, and various other things, but he had failed in all. (write; paint)5.We are looking forward to Mary's _______. (come)6.She was praised for _______ the life of the child. (save)7.She ought to be praised instead of _______. (criticize).8.Is there any possibility of our _______ the championship? (win)9.He came to the party without _______. (invite)Ⅲ、将下列句子译成英语：1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳.2.今天去没有用, 他不会在家.3.你写完作文了吗?4.请原谅我来晚了.5.他不声不响地走了进来.6.他走进来了, 没有被看见.动名词专项练习题参考答案Ⅰ、1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.D7.A8.D9.C10.C11.C12.B13.C14.A15.C16.C17.B18.B19.B20.A21.D22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.C28.C29.C30.CⅡ、1.staying ughing 3.working4.writing; paintinging6.having saved7.being criticized8.winning 9.being invitedⅢ、1.My favourite sport is swimming.2.It's no use going there today. He won't be in；(can't be in).3.Have you finished writing your composition?4.Excuse me for being；(coming)；late.5.He entered the room without making any noise.6.He entered the room without being seen.练习题1) Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A)having been fined B) to have been finedC) to be fined D) being fined2) My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.A) to have heard B) to hearC) for hearing D) hearing3) The thief took away the woman's wallet without____.A) being seen B) seeingC) him seeing D) seeing him4) People appreciate ____wit him because he has a good sense of humor.A) to work B) to have workedC) working D) have working5) I've enjoyed ____ to talk with you.A) to be able B) being ableC) to been able D) of being able6) No one can avoid ____ by advertisements.A) to be influenced B) being influencedC) influencing D)having influence7) They are considering ____ before the prices go up.A) of buying the house B) with buying the houseC) buying the house D) to buy the house8) He thought that ____.A) the effort doing the job was not worth B) the effort was not worth in doing the jobC) it was not worth the effort doing the job D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job9) If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen.A) to lock B) lockingC) to have locked D)having locked10) Your shirt needs ____. You'd better have it done today.A) iron B) to ironC) ironing D) being ironed11) You can't help ____ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another.A) to hear B) to be heardC) hearing D) with hearing12) My transistor radio isn't working. It ____.A) need repairing B) needs to repairC) needs repairing D) need to be repaired13) It is no use ____ me not to worry.A) you tell B) your tellingC) for you to have told D)having told14) He is very busy ____ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.A) to write...to receive B) writing...to receiveC) writing...receiving D) to write...for receiving15)The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them.A) receiving...selling B) to receive...to sellC) to receiving...to selling D) to have received...to have sold16) She apologized for ____ to come.A) her not being able B) her being not ableC) not being able D) that she's not able to17)I really appreciate ____ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A) you to offer B) that you offerC) your offering D) that you are offering18) Please stop ____, boys, I have something important to ____ you.A) saying ...talk B) telling ... sayC) talking ...speak D) talking ... tell19) Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorder?A) to fix B) fixing C) for fixing D) fix20)“Why isn't Nancy going to meet us?”“It's my fault. I forgot all about ____ her.”A) telephoning to B) to telephoneC) to telephone to D) the telephoning to21)“Why were you late?”“I had a hard time ____ up this morning.”A) to get B) get C) got D) getting22)I remember ____ to help us if we ever gotsintostrouble.A) once offering B) him once offeringC) him to offer D) to offer him23)John regretted ____ to the meeting last week.A) not going B) not to goC) not having been going D) not to be going24) It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.A) sleep B) to sleeping C) slept D) to sleep25) He gives people the impression ____ many poems.A) of having written B) to have writtenC) of being written D) to write26) Do you feel like ____ out or would you rather ____ dinner at home?A) going...to have B) to go...to haveC) to go...having D) going...have27) Prior to ____ the formal speech, first he will introduce himself.A) delivering B) deliver C) being delivering D) being delivered28)I don't mind ____ by bus, but I hate ____ in queues.A) to travel...standing B)having traveled...standingC) traveling...to stand D) traveling...standing29)What about ____ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly time to go____ next week.A) buying...to shop B) buy...shoppingC) buying...shopping D) to buy...shopping30) We had some trouble ____ the house and nobody seemed ____ where it was.A) in finding...knowing B) finding...to knowC) to find...knowing D) to find...to know31)We can't imagine ____ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school.A) she succeeding B) her succeedingC) she succeed D) her to succeed32)I don't like ____ at me.A) them laughing B) their laughC) them laugh D) them to have laughed33)We suggested ____ in hotels but the children were anxious ____ out.A) sleeping...to camp B) sleeping...campingC) to sleep...to camp D) to sleep...camping34)I have no objection ____ the evening with them.A) to spend B) to spending C) of spending D) spending35) After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A) being interviewed B) interviewedC) interviewing D)having interviewed36)The match was cancelled because most of the members ____ a match without a standard court.A) objected to shavings B) were objected to haveC) objected to have D) were objected to having37)Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ____ for her examination.A) to prepare B) to be prepared C) preparing D) being prepared38)It is no good ____ remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned.A) trying to B) to try to C) try to D) tried to39)After ____ him better, I regretted ____ him unfairly.A) getting to know...to judge B) getting to know...to have judgedC) getting to have know...judging D) getting to know...having judged40)He is looking forward to ____ his holiday in Britain.A) spend B) have spent C) spending D)having been spending41) Before ____ the house, you should get a surveyor____ over it.A) buying...looking B)having bought...to lookC) buying...to have looked D) buying...to look42)In some countries people favor ____ together even though there is much more space.A) to stay B) stay C) staying D) stayed43)“Why was Fred so upset?”“He isn't used ____ criticized.”A) be B) to be C) to being D)having been44) It's no use ____ to get a bargain these days.A) to expect B) expecting C) wanting D) you expect45)“Why were you so late for work today?”“____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.”A) Driving B) I drove C) To drive D) That I drove46)It was impolite of him ____without ____good-bye.A) to leave, saying B) leaving, to sayC) to leave, to say D) leaving, saying47) He kept ____to his parents.A) putting off to write B) to put off to writeC) putting off writing D) to put off writing48)I'll go with you after I get through with ____the house.A) cleaning B) to cleaningC) to be cleaned D)having cleaned49) With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist ____four pounds.A) to take B) took C) taking D) have taken50)How can you keep the machine ____when you are away?A) run B) to run C) running D) being run动名词部分练习题答案：1)D 2)D 3)A 4)C 5)B 6)B 7)C 8)C 9)A 10)C 11)C 12)C 13)B 14)B 15)A 16)A 17)C 18)D 19)B 20)A 21)D 22)B 23)A 24)B 25)C 26)D 27)A 28)D 29)C 30)B 31)B 32)A 33)A 34)B 35)A 36)A 37)C 38)A 39)D 40)C 41)D 42)C 43)C 44)B 45)A 46)A 47)C 48)A 49)C 50)C。

一、语法专项1. I certainly appreciate his ______ (tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.2. These three college students are real heroes because they risked his ______ (lose) their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water.3. I really appreciate your ______ (lend) me the money to help me out.4. The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find ______ (annoy) in each other.5. — What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?—______ (choose) as a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo.6. It is a common sense that ______(expose) for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin.7. Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on ______ (he take) a go od rest before going back to work.8. ______ (expose) to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death.9. The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to ______ (get) a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown.10. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ______ (promote) when we talked on the phone.11. Doctors warn people that ______ (control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself.12. — What was it that made Trump happy?— ______ (elect) the US President.13. Nowadays some parents regret not ______(spend) more time with their kids when they were young.14. The patient who had suffered from H1N1insisted on ______ (isolate) from others immediately, holding the belief that the disease would infect others.15. Those businesspersons are getting well prepared for the coming season, for they can’t risk ______ (lose) the good opportunity.16. The boy’s ______ (not do) the assignment made his father lose h is temper.17. ______ (finish) your homework by yourself is one of the effective ways to improve your grades.18. I can’t stand ______ (work) with Jane in the same office, as she is always talking, which distracts my attention.19. Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean ______ (accept) the action of the person who has offended you.20. It cost me a fortune, but I don’t regret ______ (spend) a year traveling around the world.二、语法填空The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popular?held image of unhappy teenagers (21) ______ (lock) in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just (22) ______ positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team. “They’re e xpected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: They want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s (23) ______ (much) negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago (24) _______ (treat) their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing.(25) ______ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of (26) ______you could call negotiation. For example, if I (27) ______(do) all my homework,I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise (28) ______ teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history(29) ______ teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents mainly happened during that onetime in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to(30) ______ (take) it over.”三、选词填空A. criticismB. discourageC. shiftsD. instituteE. industriousnessF. establishG. creditH. standardsI. accommodateJ. leavesK. demonstrateAlthough Henry Ford’s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal ___31___ for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today’s ___32___.Saf ety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours,compared with the ten or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to___33___ to the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three ___34___.In addition, sick ___35___ as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of thefirst factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to ___36___ the growth oflabor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in fact creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and ___37___ good personal habits,including sobriety (沉静;严肃), thriftiness (节俭), ___38___, and dependability (可信任,可靠性).Although some ___39___ was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to ___40___ themselves in America.参考答案1.telling2.losing3.lending4.annoying5.Being chosen6.being exposed7.his taking8.Being exposed9.getting10.having been promoted11.controlling12.Being elected13.spending14.being isolated15.losing16.not having done17.Finishing18.working19.accepting20.spending21. locked22. how23. more24. to treat25. As long as26. what27. had done28. that29. when30. taking31—35 GHICJ 36—40 BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastic has become perhaps the most demonised material of the last 12 months, as the scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.With dire predictions that if nothing is done there will be more plastic in the seas by weight than fish by 2050, it has become evident that we cannot recycle our way out of the plastic problem.More than 8m tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year. Meanwhile virgin plastic production continues apace and is set to to leap by 40% over the next 10 years as more products are made from virgin plastic than from recycled.But consumer pressure can force change. The Guardian revealed this year that supermarkets alone put 1m tonnes of plastic packaging on to the market.But they are increasingly aware that if their customers lose faith they will lose money. Almost a quarter of consumers surveyed earlier this year said they were extremely concerned about plastic packaging. More than half said they were doing what they could to reduce their use of plastic.In Australia, public pressure led many supermarkets this year to announce they were phasing out single-use plastic bags. These include Coles, Woolies and Harris Farm.Just producing plastic uses huge resources – it takes around 12m barrels of oil to make the 100bn plastic bags used annually in the United States alone.This year Britain’s Iceland supermarket has led the w ay – and others are beginning to follow suit. Iceland has pledged to eliminate plastic packaging on its own goods in five years.So what can you do to reduce your own plastic footprint and put pressure on supermarkets and manufacturers to move towards reuseable plastic items and hugely increase the amount of recycled plastic in their products? Here are 10 top tips:1. Start at home. Do a plastic audit of your household. Shower bottles, deodorants, washing up liquids, shampoo bottles. Aim to make reductions here by ditching shower gel for soap and the plastic cotton buds for recyclable ones; buy liquid detergent in recycled plastic bottles and find a refill station tofill them up. Shampoo bars and toilet paper in recycled packaging are also available.2. In the US, 1bn plastic toothbrushes are thrown out each year, creating some 50m pounds of waste. Try using bamboo toothbrushes instead which only take about six months to biodegrade back into the soil when you have to replace yourbrush.3. Carry reuseable fabric shopping bags.4.Try buying wholesale and putting dried products such as rice, pasta and lentils into glass jars to avoid buying products wrapped in plastic.5. Recycle old plastic children’s toys. Search for a toy library in yourarea to borrow from or donate to. And consider charity shops when looking for gifts.6. Carry a reuseable coffee cup or flask; 7m plastic-lined coffee cups are thrown away in the UK every day.7. Say no to plastic cutlery. Carry a fork with you or use a compostable alternative.8. Ditch cling film wrap for your food. It cannot be recycled in most UK collections. Foil is recyclable, so use foil instead or reuseable plastic boxes.9. Use an electric razor instead of plastic disposable one.10. Write to companies whose packaging is non-recyclable, asking them to consider using less destructive materials. Maybe even think about starting a social media campaign to raise awareness. Strength in numbers!•This article was a mended on 3 January 2019. An earlier version suggested that 12 moil barrels produced 100m plastic bags. That figure is more like 100bn bags. In addition, the estimate of 1bn plastic toothbrushes being thrown out each year relates just to the US, not globally. This has been corrected. It was further amended on 4 January 2019 to remove a reference to a branded product.Questions：1. According to this article, what impact plastic has had on the environment in the past months?A.The scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.B.The species of fish have been reduced a lot.C.Polluted the air.D.Raising sea level.2. What can supermarkets do to reduce plastic pollution？A. Do not sell plastic products.B. No plastic packaged goods.C. Phasing out disposable plastic bags.D. Non-reusable plastic products.3.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. Plastics cannot be recycled.B. Virgin plastics are increasingly low in our daily lives.C. Consumers want to reduce the use of plastics.D. It takes a lot of resources to produce plastics.4.According to this article, which of the following methods can not reduce the use of plastics？A. Replace plastic toothbrush with bamboo toothbrush.B.Packaging goods with glass cans instead of plastic packaging.C.Do not use plastic tableware.D.Massive use of preservative film.5. Where can we see the passage?A. In NovelB.In Fashion magazineC. In Environmental magazineD. In Advertisement文章导读：本文选择《卫报》上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为https:///environment/2019/jan/03/plastics-consumption-reduce-2019-10-easy-ways文章大意：本文主要讲了，塑料污染的严峻现实，以及随着塑料污染越来越严重，人们开始意识到要减少塑料的使用量。

英语语法专项：动名词用法讲解及练习（附答案）你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？1. The girl is singing a song.2. The girl singing now is my sister.3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).三个句子中都有singing。

第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。

关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。

好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。

一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。

举例如下：1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the)2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。

动名词一、考点分析非谓语动词之动名词是高考的一个重难点，常以语法填空和翻译的形式出现。

二、专题详解一、定义：动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。

它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。

动名词有时态和语态的变化。

二、动名词的句法功能动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

1. 动名词作主语（1）直接位于句首做主语。

例如：Running is good for your health.（2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。

动名词做主语时，不太常用it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。

这种用法在习惯句型中常用。

如：It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。

It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。

It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。

There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。

★注意：important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。

（3）用于“There be”结构中。

例如：There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。

（4）用于布告形式的省略结构中。

例如：No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).禁止吸烟No parking.禁止停车（5）动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构(这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。

2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：动名词专项练习单项选择1.I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A.to takeB.to be takenC.takingD.being taken2.Bill suggested____a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expoduring the vacation.A.having heldB.to holdC.holdingD. hold3.He told us whether_______a picnic was still under discussionA.to haveB.havingC.haveD.had4.It is worth considering what makes“convenience”foods so popular,and______better ones of your own.A.introducesB.to introduceC.introducingD. introduced5.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried_____alone，but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A.livingB.to liveC.to be livingD.having livedKeys:DCBCA句子翻译1)你介意把门打开吗？2)他花了三个小时完成作业。

3)看了这场表演，他情不自禁地笑了。

4)我们已经习惯早起早睡。

5)医生建议我要多喝水。

Keys:Would you mind opening the door?He spent three hours finishing the homework.Seeing the show,he can’t help laughing.We are used to getting up early and going to sleep early.The doctor suggests me drinking more water.动名词是表示动作的名词，既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。

高考英语动名词专项复习一、新课讲解1．动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词 + ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。

例如：Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。

Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。

Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。

动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。

例如：It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。

It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。

It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。

It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already.派他去没用，已经太晚了。

It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.要把一切按时准备好很困难。

It is no use waiting for him any longer.等他是没有用的。

It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。

It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light.用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。

动名词练习题动名词练习题动名词是英语中的一种特殊形式，它可以作为名词使用。

动名词的形式为动词的-ing形式，例如running、swimming等。

在句子中，动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、介词的宾语等，它的使用非常灵活。

下面是一些关于动名词的练习题，帮助大家更好地理解和掌握动名词的用法。

练习一：选择正确的动名词形式1. I enjoy (read/reading) books in my free time.2. He suggested (go/going) to the park for a picnic.3. She is good at (draw/drawing) portraits.4. We need to practice (speak/speaking) English every day.5. My favorite hobby is (play/playing) the guitar.练习二：填入适当的动名词形式1. I can't stand (listen) to loud music.2. The children are excited about (go) to the amusement park.3. She is interested in (learn) new languages.4. They spent the afternoon (watch) movies at home.5. He apologized for (arrive) late to the meeting.练习三：根据句意，选择适当的动名词形式1. (Swim/Swimming) is a great way to stay fit and healthy.2. I can't imagine (live/living) in a big city.3. (Cook/Cooking) is one of my favorite hobbies.4. She has always been interested in (write/writing) stories.5. They are planning on (travel/traveling) to Europe next summer.练习四：根据提示，完成句子1. (Dance) is a popular form of expression in many cultures.2. I'm really tired. I need a break from (study).3. (Play) tennis is a great way to improve your physical fitness.4. The children are excited about (visit) the zoo tomorrow.5. I enjoy (listen) to classical music in my free time.练习五：根据句子，选择适当的动名词形式1. She is afraid of (swim/swimming) in deep water.2. (Play/Playing) basketball is his favorite sport.3. They are considering (move/moving) to a different city.4. I'm looking forward to (spend/spending) the weekend with my family.5. He enjoys (watch/watching) movies at the cinema.通过以上练习题，我们可以更好地理解和掌握动名词的用法。

动名词全解动名词(Gerund)是充当名词的动词。

在动词后面加ing，即可构成动名词。

动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、状语等多种句子成份。

动名词的主要结构形式如下：一、动名词（短语）做主语1．动名词直接做主语Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

2．动名词短语做主语Swimming in the winter can boost your immune system. 冬天游泳可以增强你的免疫系统。

Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age. 在年轻的时候学习外语比较容易。

Having a tea party in the garden on a full moon day is a fine experience.月圆之日在花园里举行茶话会是一种很好的体验3．在用it做形式主语的句子结构中It is no good waiting here. Let’s walk home. 在这等没好处，我们还是走路回家吧。

It’s no use trying to persuade him. 试图说服他是没用的。

4．在there be句子结构中There is no joking about such matters. 这种事情开不得玩笑。

5．在省略结构中No smoking ( = Smoking is not allowed ) 禁止吸烟No parking禁止停车6．所属格的复合结构中做主语Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们来支援我们是很大的鼓舞。

His smoking is a problem. 他抽烟是个问题。

二、动名词（短语）做表语1．动名词做表语Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

My hobby is skating. 我的业余爱好是滑冰。

高中动名词专项练习题及答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN动名词专项练习题Ⅰ、单项选择：1. Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to have been finedC. to be finedD. being fined2. He gives people the impression ____ many poems.A. of having writtenB. to have writtenC. of being writtenD. to write3. The thief took away the woman's wallet without____.A. being seenB. seeingC. him seeingD. seeing him4. People appreciate ____with him because he has a good sense of humor.A. to workB. to have workedC. workingD. have working5. I've enjoyed ____ to talk with you.A. to be ableB. being ableC. to been ableD. of being able6. No one can avoid ____ by advertisements.A. to be influencedB. being influencedC. influencingD. having influence7. They are considering ____ before the prices go up.A. of buying the houseB. with buying the houseC. buying the houseD. to buy the house8. He thought that ____. A. the effort doing the job was not worth B. the effort was not worth in doing the jobC. it was not worth the effort doing the jobD. it was not worth the effort by doing the job9. If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen.A. to lockB. lockingC. to have lockedD. having locked10. Your shirt needs ____. You'd better have it done today. A. iron B. to iron C. ironing D. being ironed11. You can't help ____ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another. A. to hear B. to be heard C. hearing D. with hearing12. It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.A. sleepB. to sleepingC. sleptD. to sleep13. It is no use ____ me not to worry. A. you tell B. your telling C. for you to have told D. having told14. He is very busy ____ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.A. to write...to receiveB. writing...to receiveC. writing...receivingD. to write...for receiving15. The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them.A. receiving...sellingB. to receive...to sellC. to receiving...to sellingD. to have received...to have sold16. She apologized for ____ to come. A. her not being able B. her being not able C. not being able D. that she's not able to17. John regretted ____ to the meeting last week. A. not going B. not to go C. not having been going D. not to be going18. Please stop ____, boys, I have something important to ____ you.A. saying ...talkB. telling ... sayC. talking ...speakD. talking ... tell19. Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorderA. to fixB. fixingC. for fixingD. fix20. “Why isn't Nancy going to meet us”“It's my fault. I forgot all about ____ her.”A. telephoning toB. to telephoneC. to telephone toD. the telephoning to21. “Why were you late”“I had a hard time ____ up this morning.” A. to get B. get C. got D. getting22. I remember ____ to help us if we ever got into trouble.A. once offeringB. him once offeringC. him to offerD. to offer him23.You must do something to prevent your house__________ .A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in24.His room needs _______ , so he must have it_________.A. painting； paintedB. painted； paintingC. painting； paintingD. painted； painted25.The young trees we planted last week require ________with great care.A. looking afterB. to look afterC. to be looked afterD. taken good care of26. Do you feel like ____ out or would you rather ____ dinner at homeA. going...to haveB. to go...to haveC. to go...havingD. going...have27. Prior to ____ the formal speech, first he will introduce himself.A. deliveringB. deliverC. being deliveringD. being delivered28. I don't mind ____ by bus, but I hate ____ in queues.A. to travel...standingB. having traveled...standingC. traveling...to standD. traveling...standing29. What about ____ double quantities of everything todayWe have hardly time to go____ next week.A. buying...to shopB. buy...shoppingC. buying...shoppingD. to buy...shopp ing30. We had some trouble ____ the house and nobody seemed ____ where it was.A. in finding...knowingB. finding...to knowC. to find...knowingD. to find...to know31. We can't imagine ____ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school.A. she succeedingB. her succeedingC. she succeedD. her to succeed32. I don't like ____ at me. A. them laughing B. their laugh C. them laugh D. them to have laughed33. We suggested ____ in hotels but the children were anxious ____ out.A. sleeping...to campB. sleeping...campingC. to sleep...to campD. to sleep...camping34. I have no objection ____ the evening with them.A. to spendB. to spendingC. of spendingD. spending35. After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being interviewedB. interviewedC. interviewingD. having intervie wed36. The match was cancelled because most of the members ____ a match without a standard court.A. objected to havingB. were objected to haveC. objected to haveD. were objected to having37. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ____ for her examination.A. to prepareB. to be preparedC. preparingD. being prepared38. It is no good ____ remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned.A. trying toB. to try toC. try toD. tried to39. After ____ him better, I regretted ____ him unfairly.A. getting to know...to judgeB. getting to know...to have judgedC. getting to have know...judgingD. getting to know...having judged40. He is looking forward to ____ his holiday in Britain.A. spendB. have spentC. spendingD. having been spending41. Before ____ the house, you should get a surveyor____ over it.A. buying...lookingB. having bought...to lookC. buying...to have looked D. buying...to look42. In some countries people favor ____ together even though there is much more space.A. to stayB. stayC. stayingD. stayed43. “Why was Fred so upset”“He isn't used ____ criticized.”A. beB. to beC. to beingD. having been44. It's no use ____ to get a bargain these days. A. to expect B. expecting C. w anting D. you expect45. “Why were you so late for work today”“____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.”A. DrivingB. I droveC. To driveD. That I drove46. It was impolite of him ____without ____good-bye.A. to leave, sayingB. leaving, to sayC. to leave, to sayD. leaving, saying47. He kept ____to his parents.A. putting off to writeB. to put off to writeC. putting off writingD. to put off writing48. I'll go with you after I get through with ____the house.A. cleaningB. to cleaningC. to be cleanedD. having cleaned49. With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist ____four pounds.A. to takeB. tookC. takingD. have taken50. How can you keep the machine ____when you are awayA. runB. to runC. runningD. being runⅡ.填入所给词的适当形式1. No one enjoys ______________(laugh) at.2. You must do something to prevent your house from_____________(break) in .3. They insisted on _______ another chance to try. （give）4. --- Where is my passport I remember ___________(put) it here.--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember __________ (take) it with you all the time.5. His room needs __________(paint), so he must have it __________(paint).6. After finishing his homework he went on __________ (write) a letter to his parents.7. The young trees we planted last week require ___________(look) after with great care.8. Only ___________(learn) about English doesn't mean ___________ (learn) the language.9. She returned home only to find the door open and something __________（steal）.10. She decided to devote herself to____________(study) the problem of old age.11. Remember ___________ (put) the newspaper when you have finished it.12. As she is looking forward to _________(hear) from me, please remember__________ (post) this letter on your way to school.13. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble ___________ (read) your handwriting.14. Writing stories and articles _______（be） what I enjoy most.15. We appreciate their_____________(invite) us to the ball.16. Would you mind __________ (keep) quiet for a momentI'm trying _________(fill) out a form.17. He was afraid of_____________(see) for being late.18. I’d like to suggest ____________(put) off the meeting till next week.19. I don't see how I could possibly manage ___________(finish) the work without _________(help).20. Anything worth ____________(do) is worthy of ____________(do) well.21. We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted on______________(finish) the work first.22. I delayed ____________ (answer) your letter because I had been away for a week.23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _____________(catch) by the police.24. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought Imust____________(leave) it at home. Then I remembered ___________ (take) it out to pay for the taxi.25. On__________ (hear) the news of his grandfather’s death, he burst into tears.26. _________ (see) his mother, the baby could not help ___________(laugh).27. It’s no use ___________ (spend) so much money on clothes.28. The sentence needs ____________ (improve).improving/to be improved29.If he succeeded in ___________(find) a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.30. I still remember _____________ (take) to my home town when I was young.31. Can you imagine yourself __________ in a lonely island(stay)32. I can't understand your ___________ at that poor child. (laugh)33. She didn't mind __________ overtime. (work)34. To make a living, he tried ___________, __________, and various other things,but he had failed in all. (write; paint)35. We are looking forward to Mary's ____________. (come)36. She was praised for _________ the life of the child. (save)37. She ought to be praised instead of _____________. (criticize).38. Is there any possibility of our __________ the championship(win)39. He came to the party without ___________. (invite)40..Can you imagine yourself _______ in a lonely island(stay)Keys1. DCACB BCCAC 11. CBBBA AADBA 21. DBBAA 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31.B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. A 37.C 38. A39. D 40. C 41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. C1. being laughed2. being broken in3. being given4. putting; to take5. painting; painted6. to write7. Looking8. learning about; learning9. Missing 10. Studying 11. to put back12. hearing；to post 13. reading14. is15. Inviting 16. keeping; to fill out 17. being seen18. putting off 19.to finish; being helped 20. doing; being done 21.finishing. 22. answering23. being caught 24. have left; taking 25. Hearing 26. Seeing；laughing27. spending28. improving/to be improved 29. finding30.staying ughing 32.working 33.writing; painting ing 35.having saved 36.being criticized37.winning38.being invited。

高考英语动名词专项训练1.I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.A. to smoke, smokingB. smoking, to smokeC. to smoke, to smokeD. smoking, smoking2. It won’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.A. you to tryB. of your tryingC. trying youD. your trying3. You should really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.A. your father stayB. your father to stayC. your father’s stayingD. your father who stays4. I’m disappointed with the new officers elected in our club, but there is no point _______ about it.A. to worryB. in worryingC. with us worryingD. if we worry5. While she was shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything.A. checkedB. checkingC. to checkD. check6.Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to have been finedC. to be finedD. being fined7. My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.A. to have heardB. to hearC. for hearingD. hearing8. No one can avoid ____ by advertisements.A. to be influencedB. being influencedC. influencing D .having influence9.They are considering ____ before the prices go up.A. of buying the houseB. with buying the houseC. buying the houseD. to buy the house10. The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them.A. receiving...sellingB. to receive...to sellC. to receiving...to sellingD. to have received...to have sold11 . The officers narrowly escaped ____ in the hot battle .A . have killedB . to killC . to be killedD . being killed12 . Don't you remember ____ ?A . seeing the man beforeB . to see the man beforeC . saw the man beforeD . to have seen the man before13 . People couldn't help ____ the foolish emperor in the procession .A . laugh atB . to laugh atC . laughing atD . laughing on14 . We're looking forward ____ the photo exhibition .A . to visitingB . to visitC . to having visitedD . visiting15 . This sentence needs ____ .A . a improvementB . improveC . improvingD . improved16 . — What are you going to do this morning ?— I'm thinking of ____ to visit my aunt .A . goB . goingC . having goneD . my going17 . I really enjoy ____ that kind of job .A . doB . doingC . to doD . to be doing18 . Only one of these books is ____ .A . worth to readB . worth being readC . worth of readingD . worth reading19 . I can't imagine ____ that with them .A . doB . to doC . being doneD . doing20 . The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ____ .A . catchingB . to be caughtC . being caughtD . to catch21 . They would not allow him ____ across the enemy line .A . to risk goingB . risking to goC . for risk to goD . risk going22 . I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days .A . sailB . to sailC . sailingD . to have sailed23 . — I usually go there by train .— Why not ____ by boat for a change ?A . to try goingB . trying to goC . to try and goD . try going24 . I would appreciate ____ back this afternoon .A . you to callB . you callC . your callingD . you're calling25 . How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden ?A . to takeB . takeC . takingD . to be taking26 . — I must apologize for ____ ahead of time .— That's all right .A . letting you not knowB . not letting you knowC . letting you know notD . letting not you know27 . — You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting .— Well , now I regret ____ that .A . to doB . to be doingC . to have doneD . having done28.I really appreciate ____ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time29.Fishing is his favorite hobby, and .A. he’d like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure30. to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed31.The discovery of new evidence led to .A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught32. the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. The president will attendB. The president to attendC. The president attendedD. The president’s attending33.Victor apologized for to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able34.He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost35.Accustomed to the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.A. climbingB. climbC. having climbedD. have climbed36.Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use with him.A. to argueB. arguingC. arguedD. having argued37.The parents suggested in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleepB. to sleepC. sleepingD. having slept38.All the staff in our company are considering ____ to the city centre for the fashion show.A. to goB. goingC. to have goneD. having gone39. Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to have been finedC. to be finedD. being fined40. I really appreciate ____ to help me， but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to offerB. that you offerC. your offeringD. that you are offering41. The thief took away the woman’s wallet without____。

动名词的用法1．动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。

例如：Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。

Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。

Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。

动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。

例如：It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。

It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。

It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。

It's no use arguing with him.跟他争论没用。

It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already.派他去没用，已经太晚了。

It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.要把一切按时准备好很困难。

It is no use waiting for him any longer.等他是没有用的。

It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。

高三英语动名词用法单选题50题及答案1._____ is good exercise.A.SwimmingB.SwimC.SwimsD.To swim答案：A。

动名词swimming 在这里作主语，表示游泳这件事是很好的锻炼。

B 选项swim 是动词原形，不能直接作主语；C 选项swims 是动词的第三人称单数形式，也不能作主语；D 选项to swim 是动词不定式，也可以作主语，但通常表示具体的某次动作，不如动名词swimming 更能体现习惯性、一般性的行为。

2._____ English every day helps improve our language skills.A.ReadingB.ReadC.ReadsD.To read答案：A。

动名词reading 作主语，表示每天读英语这件事有助于提高我们的语言技能。

B 选项read 是动词原形，不能作主语；C 选项reads 是动词的第三人称单数形式，不能作主语；D 选项to read 是动词不定式，可作主语，但动名词reading 更强调习惯性的行为。

3._____ too much junk food is bad for your health.A.EatingB.EatC.EatsD.To eat答案：A。

动名词eating 作主语，表示吃太多垃圾食品这件事对健康不好。

B 选项eat 是动词原形，不能作主语；C 选项eats 是动词的第三人称单数形式，不能作主语；D 选项to eat 是动词不定式，可作主语，但动名词eating 更强调习惯性的行为。

4._____ carefully is important when taking an exam.A.ListeningB.ListenC.ListensD.To listen答案：A。

动名词listening 作主语，表示考试时认真听很重要。

B 选项listen 是动词原形，不能作主语；C 选项listens 是动词的第三人称单数形式，不能作主语；D 选项to listen 是动词不定式，可作主语，但动名词listening 更强调习惯性的行为。

动名词一、语法专项1.I certainly appreciate his______(tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.2.These three college students are real heroes because they risked his______ (lose)their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water.3.I really appreciate your______(lend)me the money to help me out.4.The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find______ (annoy)in each other.5.—What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?—______(choose)as a volunteer for Shanghai2010World Expo.6.It is a common sense that______(expose)for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin.7.Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on______(he take)a good rest before going back to work.8.______(expose)to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death.9.The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to______(get)a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown.10.I hear they’ve promoted Tom,but he didn’t mention______(promote) when we talked on the phone.11.Doctors warn people that______(control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself. 12.—What was it that made Trump happy?—______(elect)the US President.13.Nowadays some parents regret not______(spend)more time with their kids when they were young.14.The patient who had suffered from H1N1insisted on______(isolate)from others immediately,holding the belief that the disease would infect others.15.Those businesspersons are getting well prepared for the coming season,for they can’t risk______(lose)the good opportunity.16.The boy’s______(not do)the assignment made his father lose his temper.17.______(finish)your homework by yourself is one of the effective ways to improve your grades.18.I can’t stand______(work)with Jane in the same office,as she is always talking,which distracts my attention.19.Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean______(accept) the action of the person who has offended you.20.It cost me a fortune,but I don’t regret______(spend)a year traveling around the world.二、语法填空The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families.But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents,which is the opposite of the popular held image of unhappy teenagers(21)______ (lock)in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.“We were surprised by just(22)______positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,”said one member of the research team.“They’re expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds:They want a car and material goods,and they worry about whether school is serving them well.There’s(23)______(much)negotiation and discussion between parents and children,and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process.They don’t want to rock the boat.”So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of30years ago(24)_______(treat)their children as friends.“My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,”says17-year-oldIn addition,sick___35___as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted.The Ford Motor Company was one of thefirst factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants.Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to ___36___the growth of labor unions.Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing.He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in fact creating a market for the product.In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and___37___good personal habits,including sobriety(沉静;严肃),thriftiness(节俭),___38___,and dependability(可信任,可靠性).Although some___39___was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees,there can be no doubt that,at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways,Henry Ford was helping many people to___40___themselves in America.参考答案1.telling2.losing3.lending4.annoying5.Being chosen6.being exposed7.his taking8.Being exposed9.getting10.having been promoted11.controlling12.Being elected13.spending14.being isolated15.losing16.not having done17.Finishing18.working19.accepting20.spending21.locked22.how23.more24.to treat25.As long as26.what27.had done28.that29.when30.taking31—35GHICJ36—40BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastic has become perhaps the most demonised material of the last12 months,as the scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.With dire predictions that if nothing is done there will be more plastic in the seas by weight than fish by2050,it has become evident that we cannot recycle our way out of the plastic problem.More than8m tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year.Meanwhile virgin plastic production continues apace and is set to to leap by40%over the next10years as more products are made from virgin plastic than from recycled.But consumer pressure can force change.The Guardian revealed this year that supermarkets alone put1m tonnes of plastic packaging on to the market.But they are increasingly aware that if their customers lose faith they will lose money.Almost a quarter of consumers surveyed earlier this year said they were extremely concerned about plastic packaging.More than half said they were doing what they could to reduce their use of plastic.In Australia,public pressure led many supermarkets this year to announce they were phasing out single-use plastic bags.These include Coles,Woolies and Harris Farm.Just producing plastic uses huge resources–it takes around12m barrels of oil to make the100bn plastic bags used annually in the United States alone.This year Britain’s Iceland supermarket has led the way–and others are beginning to follow suit.Iceland has pledged to eliminate plastic packaging on its own goods in five years.So what can you do to reduce your own plastic footprint and put pressure on supermarkets and manufacturers to move towards reuseable plastic items and hugely increase the amount of recycled plastic in their products?Here are10 top tips:1.Start at home.Do a plastic audit of your household.Shower bottles, deodorants,washing up liquids,shampoo bottles.Aim to make reductions here by ditching shower gel for soap and the plastic cotton buds for recyclable ones; buy liquid detergent in recycled plastic bottles and find a refill station tofill them up.Shampoo bars and toilet paper in recycled packaging are also available.2.In the US,1bn plastic toothbrushes are thrown out each year,creating some 50m pounds of waste.Try using bamboo toothbrushes instead which only takeabout six months to biodegrade back into the soil when you have to replace yourbrush.3.Carry reuseable fabric shopping bags.4.Try buying wholesale and putting dried products such as rice,pasta and lentils into glass jars to avoid buying products wrapped in plastic.5.Recycle old plastic children’s toys.Search for a toy library in yourarea to borrow from or donate to.And consider charity shops when looking for gifts.6.Carry a reuseable coffee cup or flask;7m plastic-lined coffee cups are thrown away in the UK every day.7.Say no to plastic cutlery.Carry a fork with you or use a compostable alternative.8.Ditch cling film wrap for your food.It cannot be recycled in most UK collections.Foil is recyclable,so use foil instead or reuseable plastic boxes.e an electric razor instead of plastic disposable one.10.Write to companies whose packaging is non-recyclable,asking them to consider using less destructive materials.Maybe even think about starting a social media campaign to raise awareness.Strength in numbers!•This article was a mended on3January2019.An earlier version suggested that12moil barrels produced100m plastic bags.That figure is more like100bn bags.In addition,the estimate of1bn plastic toothbrushes being thrown out each year relates just to the US,not globally.This has been corrected.It was further amended on4January2019to remove a reference to a branded product.Questions：1.According to this article,what impact plastic has had on the environment in the past months?A.The scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.B.The species of fish have been reduced a lot.C.Polluted the air.D.Raising sea level.2.What can supermarkets do to reduce plastic pollution？A.Do not sell plastic products.B.No plastic packaged goods.C.Phasing out disposable plastic bags.D.Non-reusable plastic products.3.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A.Plastics cannot be recycled.B.Virgin plastics are increasingly low in our daily lives.C.Consumers want to reduce the use of plastics.D.It takes a lot of resources to produce plastics.4.According to this article,which of the following methods can not reduce the use of plastics？A.Replace plastic toothbrush with bamboo toothbrush.B.Packaging goods with glass cans instead of plastic packaging.C.Do not use plastic tableware.D.Massive use of preservative film.5.Where can we see the passage?A.In NovelB.In Fashion magazineC.In Environmental magazineD.In Advertisement文章导读：本文选择《卫报》上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为https:///environment/2019/jan/03/plastics-consumption-r educe-2019-10-easy-ways文章大意：本文主要讲了，塑料污染的严峻现实，以及随着塑料污染越来越严重，人们开始意识到要减少塑料的使用量。

高中英语动名词练习题30题含答案解析1.She is good at playing basketball and swimming. What about you?- playing football- play tennis- to play badminton答案解析：playing football。

本题考查动名词作宾语。

be good at 后面接动名词形式，play football 是动名词短语，符合语法规则；play tennis 是动词原形，不符合；to play badminton 是动词不定式，也不符合。

2.After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk.- finish his test- to finish his essay- finishing his report答案解析：finishing his report。

本题考查动名词作宾语。

after 是介词，后面接动名词形式，finishing his report 是动名词短语，符合语法规则；finish his test 是动词原形，不符合；to finish his essay 是动词不定式，也不符合。

3.Reading books is one of his hobbies. What's yours?- read magazines- to read newspapers- reading novels答案解析：reading novels。

本题考查动名词作主语。

动名词短语reading books 作主语，后面选项也应该是动名词形式，reading novels 符合语法规则；read magazines 是动词原形，不符合；to read newspapers 是动词不定式，也不符合。

4.He enjoys listening to music and watching movies. Do you?- listen to the radio- to watch TV shows- listening to podcasts答案解析：listening to podcasts。