高中英语语法教案6.动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态主动被动一般式writing being written完成式having written having been written动名词作主语、宾语和表语1）作主语。
例如：Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。
2）作宾语a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如：admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免complete完成consider认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意miss 想念postpone推迟practice 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resume 继续resist 抵抗risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。
b. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。
例如：admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object tostick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud ofbe busy can\'t help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think ofburst out keep on insist on count on set aboutput off be good at take up give up be successful in3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。
例如：Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。
比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。
例如：a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。
例如：boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为\"值得\"。
1. worth：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示\"…… 值得……\"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doingbe worth doing sth.\"……某事值得被做\"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。
2. worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示\"……值得……\"be worthy to be done \"某事值得被做\"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3. worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth\"值得做某事\"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
选C。
动名词不定式、分词练习was ______ work last week, but I changed my mind.a. to startb. to have startedc. to be startingd. to have been startingintended ______ the matter with you, but I had some guests hen.a. discussb. discussingc. having discussedd. to have discussed’t let me catch you ______.a. do that againb. to do that againc. doing that againd. done that againare many kinds of metals ______.has its special properties b. one has its special propertiesb. each having its special properties d. having its special properties’s pay-day, and they’re waiting ______.a. for payingb. to be paidc. to be payingd. to have paidtrouble, I’m going to forget the whole affair.a. Then rather causeb. Rather causingc. Rather than caused. Rather than caused7. The brilliance of his satires was ______ make even his victims laugh.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such thatwith parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined ______ high levels of self-confidence.a. possessb. have possessedc. to possessd. possessingworker is ______ in repairing the machine to notice my coming.a. too busyb. enough busyc. busy tood. busy enough10.“What did you do in the garden?”“I watched my father ______ his motorbike.”a. to repairb. repairedc. repairingd. repairsmust have an engineer ______ the workers build the house.a. to seeb. seec. seeingd. seenmeans ______ a general conclusion from special facts.a. to come tob. to comingc. coming tod. came’m not going to as k the teacher why he gave me that grade; I intend _______.a. to let rest the matterb. the matter to be let restingc. letting the matter to restd. to let the matter resthave tried _______ worrying about it.a. to stop consciouslyb. to consciously stopc. to conscious stoppingd. to stopping consciously15.“Do you want to give a talk on that subject?”“I prefer ______ .”a. not wantb. not wantingc. to not givingd. not to_______ the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.a. cannot but admitb. cannot help but to admitc. cannot but admittingd. cannot help but admittingshe is angry, we ______.a. had better leaving her aloneb. should leave her alonec. might as well leave her aloned. had rather leave her alonedon’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.a. to smoke…smokingb. smoking…to smokec. to smoke…to smoked. smoking…smokingshould remember ______ from the point when you are writing a composition.a. don’t wanderb. not to wanderc. no wanderingd. not wanderadvised us to withdraw ______.a. so as to get not involvedb. so as not to get involvedc. so that to get not involvedd. as not to get involvedran all the way up to the station ______ that the train had left fifteen minutes before.a. in order to findb. so as to findc. only to findd. such as to findwent hunting for a week but still he didn’t find a room ______.a. to liveb. to live inc. for livingd. to be living inshould really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.a. your father stayb. your father to stayc. your father’s stayingd. your father who staysdidn’t want to risk ______ wet as he had only one suit.a. gettingb. to getc. being gotd. to be gotten’m disappointed with the new officers elected in our club, but there is no point _______ about it.a. to worryb. in worryingc. with us worryingd. if we worrywon’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.a. you to tryb. of your tryingc. trying youd. your tryinglaw requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.a. being tested regularlyb. to be regularly testedc. be regularly testedd. regularly testedremember ______ to the zoo by my father when I was little.a. being takenb. takingc. have been takend. to have takencompletely forgot ______ the front door last night and feel fortunate that nothing is stolen.a. lockingb. being lockedc. to lockd. to have lockedregret ______ you that your application has been refused.a. informingb. being informedc. to be informedd. to informdidn’t mean ______ anything, but these apples looked so good I couldn’t resist ______ one.a. to eat…tryingb. to eat…o tryingc. eating…to tryd. eating…to tryingknow it isn’t important but I can’t help ______ about it.a. but to thinkb. thinkingc. thinkd. to thinkship, ______ to a shapeless wreck, was hardly recognizable.a. being reducedb. reducingc. reducedd. having been reducingyoung doctor could not sleep at night, his thoughts ______ him no peace.a. gaveb. givingc. being givend. to givea long walk on a hot day, one feels ______.a. exhaustiveb. exhaustingc. exhaustd. exhaustedrelatives of his are ______ . I don’t want to have any dealings with them.a. boring peopleb. bored peoplec. people having boredd. people having boringmust follow the directions exactly and if you become ______, you must take the time to go back again and reread them.a. to confuseb. confusingc. confused. confusedis something wrong with my TV set, I must have it ______.a. checkingb. checkc. to checkd. checkedwas just about to jump up when he felt something ______ near his feet.a. to moveb. movec. movingd. movedwith the corresponding period of last year, the output of chemical fibers in the first quarter rose by 15%.a. Comparingb. To comparec. Comparedd. Compare41.“Was the rally successful?’“No, because the number of ______ was smaller than we had expected.”a. people who attendb. attended peoplec. people attendingd. attendance of peopleDick has already arrive. Do you expect ______ to see him?a. Goingb. goc. to god. that you gothe electric refrigerator Dick takes a carton of cream, another of fresh milk and a can of______ orange juice.b. frozec. freezingd. freezedfelt bad for ______ a chance to study abroad.a. having not givenb. not having givenc. having not been givend. not having been givensome countries there are already a number of firms ______ computer programming.a. specialize inb. specialized inc. specializing ind. specializes inyoung man who saw the car ______ into the river telephoned the police station.a. plungeb. plungedc. was plungingd. to plungeshe wa s shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything. a. checked b. checking c. to check d. check’d better ______.a. to have your shoes mendedb. to have mended your shoesc. have your shoes mendedd. having your shoes mendedmachines are made ______ at full speed.a. workb. workingc. to workd. to be workedis certain that men will never stop ______ new energy sources to power their growing industry.a. findingb. to findc. having foundd. foundis really quite extraordinary that we should have been at the same college without ______ before.a. metb. being metc. having metd. having been metSmith is said ______ another important discovery in chemistry.a. having madeb. having been madec. to have maded. to makethe sun’s light ______ the earth’s surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on the earth.a. warmsb. warmedc. warmingd. to warmrocket will weigh about 200 tons when ______.a. being completedb. completed completing d. have been completedare plans ______ a number of atomic power station in this regions.a. to buildb. to be builtc. buildingd. being builtof us are looking forward to ______ a trip to the Ming Tombs.a. makeb. makingc. to makingd. have madecan’t u nderstand ______ a decision until it is too late.a. him to postpone to makeb. his postponing to makec. him to postponing makingd. his postponing makingwould like ______ that I don’t have a very high opinion of you.a. to have you knowb. have you knowc. to have your knownd. having you knowhad intended ______ him while he was living at Aberdeen.a. visitingb. visitc. to have visitedd. having visitedyou consider better _______ ?a. not doing it againb. not do it againc. not having done it againd. not to do it againfamous scientist was easy _______ along with.a. to getb. for gettingc. gettingd. gotstudents will have more discussions like this in the weeks ______.a. comingb. to comec. comed. to be comingfelt lonely at first, but after a time he got ______ alone and even got ______ it.a. used to living…to likeb. used to live… to likec. using to live…likingd. to be used to living…likingmaster raised his voice so that the could make himself ______ by the pupils in the back of the hall.a. hearb. heardc. hearingd. to be heardhe awoke, he found himself ______ in the hospital and ______ by an old woman.a. lying…being looked afterb. lying…be looking afterc. lie…be looked afterd. lie…being l ooked afterfrom the hill-top the lake scenery is beyond description.a. To seeb. Seeingc. Seend. Having seenin the strange forest, the poor girls fell to ______.a. Lost…cryingb. Lost…cryc. To lost…cryd. Having been lost…crying’ll have you ______ if you don’t pay your taxes.a. to be arrestedb. arrestc. arrestedd. being arrestedflights ______ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.a. having cancelledb. were cancelledc. have been cancelledd. having been cancelledit was very late when John began doing the job, he managed with his friend’s assistance,______ before the building was locked.a. to be finishedb. being finishedc. finishingd. to finishthe earnest efforts of various private groups as well as government agencies, many of the problems have not yet been solved, and much remains to ______.a. have been doneb. be donec. have doned. dothat bad weather was on the way, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on Eiger until the following week.a. Having toldb. Being toldc. Tellingd. Having been toldof the Government itself acknowledge many of their predictions _______ wildlyover-optimistic.a. to beb. beingc. to have beend. having beenmatch was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.a. objected to havingb. objected to havec. were objected to haved. were objected to havingteacher doesn’t permit ______ in class.a. smokeb. smokingc. to smoked. to have smokelike watching TV ______ to the cinema.a. more than to gob. more than goingc. than goingd. rather than to gomanager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.a. to be informedb. informedc. on informingd. informing. Brown is supposed ______ for Italy last week.a. to have leftb. to leavec. to be leavingd. to have been leftwent to work quietly, ______ to work as hard as she could.a. her mind being made upb. with her mind made upc. with her mind making upd. he mind making upand wife with a common duty to the country will find themselves ______ closer together. a. been drawn b. drawn c. to draw d. drawingwe found little snow, as most of it seemed ______ blown off the mountain.a. to have beenb. that it wasc. to bed. that it had beenhalfway through the exercise, the teacher changed his mind and collected all our papers. a. When only being b. When we were onlyc. Being onlyd. Having beenpassengers are reading the morning paper, others are talking with one another, ______ nervously for the train.a. to waitb. are waitingc. waitingd. being waited’s one thing I dislike about him: he will never admit ______ a mistake.a. having madeb. makingc. being maded. have been madespent half a year ______ material for his new book.a. to collectb. collectc. collectingd. collected’s no use ______ me not to worry.a. you tellb. your tellingc. for you to have toldd. having toldchairman insists that there be a meeting _______ within the shortest possible time.a. to holdb. to be heldc. to have been heldd. to be holdingthe famous pianist was a child, he was accustomed ______ for several hours a day.a. to practicingb. to practicec. to be practicingd. to have practiced.China hundreds of different dialects are spoken; people of some villages ______ themselves understood by the inhabitants of the next town.a. making trouble haveb. have making troublec. have trouble makingd. trouble making have’s a wonderful place for anyone ______ in architecture, as you are.a. interestingb. to be interestedc. being interestedd. interestedfeature worth ______ is the role of information throughout a feedback control system..a. noticedb. noticingc. being noticedd. noticebelieve ______ very largely due to mistaken views of the world.a. this unhappiness areb. to be this unhappinessc. this be unhappinessd. this unhappiness to bethey met, Leonards and his enemy were fighting ______.a. killed each otherb. to kill each otherc. killing each otherd. to be killed each otherthe invention of aero-planes, ______ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.a. men flyb. to flyc. for flyingd. man flyslast they succeeded ______ the job.a. to persuade him to takeb. in persuading him to takec. to persuade him takingd. in persuading him takingthat it does is ______ the place of a house wife.a. takesb. takingc. taked. being takenlistened to me ______ what Mr. Smith had said the day before.a. to repeatb. to be repeatedc. to repeatingd. repeatcould do little except ______.a. writingb. writec. writtend. to writeelectric shaver ______ before it can be used.a. needs repairingb. requires to repairbe in repair d. has to be repairable100. ______ a problem requiring multiplication or division, the computer solves it by adding or subtracting.a. Givingb. Having givenc. Being givend. Given101. You can fly to London this evening ______ you don’t mind changing planes in Paris. a. provided b. except c. unless d. so far as102. Students from the south prefer _______.a. eat rice than breadb. eating rice than breadc. eating rice to eating breadd. eating rice to eat bread103. Would you be ______ to help me with my luggage?a. enough kindb. kind enoughc. too kindd. kind too104. The father advise ______ the second-hand car.a. his son to not buyb. his son not to buyc. his son’s no buyingd. that his son not to buy105. “Do you intend to come with us?”“Yes, ______.”a. I intend sob. I intend thatc. I intend tod. I intend106. It takes a whole year for the earth ______ round the sun once.a. travelingb. to travelc. traveledd. travels107. The factory ______ next year will be one of the largest in this city.a. to buildb. to be builtc. being builtd. having been built108. With the guide ______ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.a. leadingb. ledc. leadsd. to lead109. They got the work ______ before the rainy season set in.a. to dob. donec. doingd. did110. Things are known ______ when they unite with the oxygen of the air.a. burningb. to burnc. burnd. being burning111. He was thoroughly ashamed ______ so much money on such an ugly picture.a. for spendingb. with spendingc. to have spentd. of having spent112. ______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.a. To be freeb. Freeingc. To freed. Freed113. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday.a. to be robbedb. robbedc. to have been robbedd. having been robbed114. There seemed little hope that the explorer, ______ in the tropical forest, would find his way through it.a. to be desertedb. having desertedc. to have been desertedd. having been deserted115. “Where should I send my application?”“The Personnel Office is the place ______.”a. to sent itb. sent it toc. to send it tod. for sending it116. The publisher will send you a specimen copy of their new book ______.a. when it will be requestedb. when they are requestedc. when requestedd. when request it117. Rome is the city ______.a. I rather most like to visitb. I’d most like to visitc. I’m rather to visit mostd. I’d prefer most to visit118. There ______ no further business, the meeting came to a stop.a. beingb. wasc. beend. had been119. Please remind me ______ some eggs for the coming party.a. buyb. to buyc. of buyingd. for buying120. Don’t say anyth ing at the meeting unless ______.a. askingb. askedc. being askedd. to be asked121. The radio announced that all flights ______ have been cancelled because of the fog.a. go outb. gone outc. going outd. will go out122. What’s the use ______ extra leisure time if you don’t know what to do?a. haveb. to havec. being haved. of knowing123. ______ mathematical concepts of some students was very difficult because the students did not have a math background.a. Explainb. Explainingc. Have explainedd. Having explained124. Although John was the oldest in the family, he always let his sister _____ charge of the house.a. to takeb. takingc. taked. taken125. Commercial banks make most of their income from interest ______ on loans and investment in stocks and bonds.a. earnb. earnedc. to earnd. was earned126. Amelia Earhart, the first woman ______ a solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, was born in 1898.a. makesb. madec. makingd. to make127. It is impossible for the plan ______.a. to put into practiceb. not to put into practicec. to be put into practiced. to be not put into practice128. ______ is what she wants to know.a. Who to do itb. Whom to do itc. Who does it dod. Whom doing it129. My wife suggested ______ to Scotland for a holiday, but I favor ______ Wales instead.a. to go…to visitb. going …visitingc. to go…visitingd. going …to visit130. There are several ______ leaves on the ground.a. fallingb. fallenc. to falld. fell。
