老年原发性高血压患者动态血压指标与靶器官损害的关系
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方法:选择200例老年EH患者进行24h动态血压监测,其中45例无靶器官损害为EH对照组,155例并发心、脑、肾及多器官损害分别为心损害组(48例)、脑损害组(35例)、肾损害组(38例)、多器官损害组(34例),分析各组24h、白昼、夜间血压负荷值、血压昼夜节律、血压变异性。
结果:与EH对照组比较,心损害、脑损害、肾损害、多器官损害组的24h、白昼、夜间血压负荷值明显升高[24h(64±13/53±12)%比(73±13/73±14)%比(77±12/74±11)%比(79±13/78±13)%比(85±12/86±13)%,P<0.01],夜间血压下降率明显降低[(10.6±0.6/10.7±0.6)%比(5.5±0.5/7.8±0.6)%比(5.4±0.5/7.6±0.5)%比(4.3±0.5/6.9±0.4)%比(1.8±0.5/3.0±0.5)%%,P<0.01或P<0.001],血压变异性明显增大[24h血压变异性(9.2±2.1)mmHg比(12.2±2.3)mmHg比(12.5±2.4)mmHg比(12.9±2.1)mmHg比(13.2±2.9)mmHg,P<0.05或P<0.01)];多器官损害组24h、白昼、夜间血压负荷值较心、脑、肾损害组明显升高(P<0.05),夜间血压下降率明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),血压变异性明显增大(P<0.05或P<0.01)。
结论:老年原发性高血压伴靶器官损害者的血压负荷值明显升高,夜间血压下降率明显降低,血压变异性明显增大。
关键词:老年;高血压;血压监测,便携式;昼夜节律文章编号:1008-0074(2012)05-497-04中图分类号:R544.109文献标识码:ADoi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0074.2012.05.13Relation among indexes of ambulatory blood pressure and target organ damage in aged patients with essential hypertension/REN Chun-lin,HU Xue-mei,REN Yong-sheng//Department of Cardiology,Affiliated Dongfeng General Hospital of Hu-bei Medicinal College,Shiyan,Hubei,442008,ChinaCorresponding author:REN Yong-sheng,E-mail:ren-yongsheng@163.comAbstract:Objective:To investigate relation among indexes of ambulatory blood pressure and target organ damage in794心血管康复医学杂志2012年10月第21卷第5期Chin J Cardiovasc Rehabil Med,October 2012,Vol 21No.5aged patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods:A total of 200aged EH patients underwent 24hambulato-ry blood pressure monitoring(ABPM).A total of 45patients without target organ damage were regard as EH con-trol group,and 155patients complicated heart,brain,kidney and multiple organ damage were regard as heart dam-age group(n=48),brain damage group(n=35),kidney damage group(n=38)and multiple organ damage group(n=34)respectively.The 24h,daytime and nighttime blood pressure loads,circadian rhythm of blood pressure andblood pressure variability(BPV)were analyzed in above groups.Results:Compared with EH control group,therewere significant increase in 24h,daytime,nighttime blood pressure loads[24h(64±13/53±12)%vs.(73±13/73±14)%vs.(77±12/74±11)%vs.(79±13/78±13)%vs.(85±12/86±13)%,P<0.01],and BPV[24hBPV(9.2±2.1)mmHg vs.(12.2±2.3)mmHg vs.(12.5±2.4)mmHg vs.(12.9±2.1)mmHg vs.(13.2±2.9)mmHg,P<0.01or P<0.001),and significant decrease in decrease rate of nighttime blood pressure[(10.6±0.6/10.7±0.6)%vs.(5.5±0.5/7.8±0.6)%vs.(5.4±0.5/7.6±0.5)%vs.(4.3±0.5/6.9±0.4)%vs.(1.8±0.5/3.0±0.5)%,P<0.05or P<0.01]in heart,brain,kidney and multiple organ damage group;com-pared with heart,brain,kidney damage group,there were significant increase in 24h,daytime and nighttime bloodpressure loads(P<0.05)and BPV(P<0.05or P<0.01),and significant decrease in decrease rate of nighttimeblood pressure(P<0.05or P<0.01)in multiple organ damage group.Conclusion:There are significant increase inblood pressure loads and variability,and significant decrease in decrease rate of nighttime blood pressure in aged pa-tients with essential hypertension complicated target organ damage.Key words:The aged;Hypertension;Blood pressure monitoring,ambulatory;Circadian rhythm 血压监测所得参数有24h、白天(6∶00~22∶00)、夜间(22∶00~6∶00)和每小时平均血压及其标准差,以动态血压监测所得的24h收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和平均血压的标准差(24h SBPs、24hDBPs和24h平均血压标准差)作为血压变异性指标[1];血压负荷值表示一定时域内SBP和DBP超过正常范围次数的百分率;血压昼夜节律即夜间血压下降率=(白昼平均血压-夜间平均血压)/白昼平均血压×100%。