2020近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结

高考英语语法填空必背知识高考英语语法填空是学术类综合素质评价考试的一项重要组成部分，也是考生英语综合能力的重要表现。

语法填空要求考生具备一定的英语语言基础和语法知识，掌握一些必备的语法填空技巧和方法，才能在考试中取得好成绩。

以下是高考英语语法填空必背知识：1. 非谓语动词非谓语动词包括分词和不定式两种形式。

考生需要熟记非谓语动词的用法和搭配，特别是介词后面的动词形式。

（1）动名词：作主语或宾语，表目的、原因、结果等意义。

例：Swimming is good for health.（2）现在分词：作伴随状语，表示两个动作同时进行；作定语，修饰名词；作状语，表示条件、时间、原因等。

例：Seeing the film, I cried.（3）过去分词：作表语、宾语补足语，表示被动或完成；作定语，修饰名词。

例：The book is written by Tom.（4）不定式：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

例：To study English well is important for us.2. 时态和语态时态和语态是语法填空考试中最为重要的知识点之一。

考生需要熟悉各种时态和语态的构成和用法，特别是完成时态和被动语态的使用。

（1）一般现在时：表示现在或经常发生的动作或状态。

例：I usually get up early.（2）一般过去时：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。

例：He went to the cinema last night.（3）一般将来时：表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或状态。

例：Tomorrow we will have a meeting.（4）现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。

例：He is watching TV now.（5）过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或状态。

例：I was cooking dinner last night.（6）现在完成时：表示已经完成的动作或状态，强调过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响。

完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词分为不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

不定式包括基本形式和完成式，表示将来或发生在谓语动词之前的动作。

动名词和分词则分别表示主动和被动，动名词可用作名词，分词则可用作形容词或副词。

在句子中，非谓语动词常用于表目的、条件和原因等情况下。

例如，“To do”可表示为了某个目的，常带宾语；“Doing/Having done”则表示当某种情况发生时，常带宾语；而“XXX”则表示某种情况已经发生，不带宾语。

需要注意的是，有些情况下使用动词原形，如祈使句中，“Do”后面常用动词原形；而动名词则可作为主语出现，“Doing/Being done”后面可接谓语动词。

例如，仔细看，你就能发现这两张图片的不同之处。

1.Anyone who was seen carrying bags。

boxes。

or cases was XXX(作定语)2.Steam being produced XXX(作主语补足语)3.We decided to stay at home upon seeing the roads covered with snow and ice。

(作宾语补足语)4.The building that will be completed next month will be used as a XXX(作定语)5.The problem being discussed now is not the one that was XXX(作定语)6.XXX(作宾语补足语)7.XXX the air quality in Beijing。

(作目的状语)8.Don't keep the water running when you XXX(作宾语补足语)固定搭配：1.跟不定式作宾语的动词：Aim。

appear。

agree。

arrange。

decide。

choose。

语法填空解题技巧之非谓语动词【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向非谓语动词近三年考点分布高考真题1.（2020·新课标I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _____ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.2. （2020·新课标II卷）They are easy _______ (care) for and make great presents.3. （2020·新课标III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out ______ (find) the well-known painter.4. (2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ______(change)lives.5.（2020·新课标II卷）They represent the earth __________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.6. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.7. （2020·新课标III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.8.(2020·山东新高考) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _____(walk)through a rainforest.9. (2020·浙江卷语)Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，_________ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.10. （2020·新课标II卷）They represent the earth ______ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 12.(2020·山东新高考) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ______(walk)through a rainforest.13.（2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.14.（2019全国III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take _____ (get)there.15.（2019浙江高考）But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.16. (2019·北京卷)Nervously _____ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.17.（2019全国II卷）When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.18.（2019全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_____ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.19.（2019浙江高考）When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.20.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by _____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.21.（2019全国II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.22.（2019浙江高考）When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.23. 【2018·全国II】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality.24. 【2018·全国III】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay)and watch.25. 【2018·全国II】That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ______ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakersworldwide." says the bank's Juergen V oegele.26. 【2018·全国III】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel________(challenge).27.【2018·全国I】You don't have to run fast or for long to see the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ (die) early by running.28. 【2018·全国III】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.29. 【2018·浙江】I still remember ______ (visit) a friend who’d live d here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.练习突破【做题实践中找规律】【例1】【安徽省皖南八校2021届高三10月份第一次联考】Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist Government reoccupied the Headquarters-Presidential Palace for ______ (govern) the Republic of China.【广西钦州市、崇左市2021届高三上学期第一次教学质量检测】The World Health Organization (WHO) says 【例2】that 80% of the world’s teens don’t get enough exercise to live healthy lives. The report, which was published in The Lancet in 2019, was based on research done with students ______(age) 11 to 17 in 146 different countries.【吉林省吉林市2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试】A Weibo user remarked, “Li’s success lies in her passion 【例3】for life.” Another Weibo user wrote, “Thank you for giving me an opportunity_____ (appreciate) the landscape in the countryside.”【例4】【宁夏银川一中2021届高三第三次月考】Food items themselves have meaning _____(attach) to them. In many Western countries, a box of chocolate would be viewed as an appropriate gift.【例5】【宁夏银川一中2021届高三第三次月考】Because people and food are mobile, _____(try) to define a country’s culture by what they eat i s often inaccurate.【吉林省长春市普通高中2021届高三质量检测】The Chinese master carpenter, Wang Dewen, ______ (know) 【例6】as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been considered as the modern-day Lu Ban.【吉林省长春市普通高中2021届高三质量检测】His most popular video, which shows him making a fantastic 【例7】wooden arch bridge, rose to fame on the platform, _______ (gain) more than 42 million views.【例8】【四川省南充高中2021届高三第二次月考】China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ______(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE).【例9】【江西省赣州市会昌县七校2021届高三联合月考】This is the first time a large group of scientists havejointly(共同地) used the word "emergency" when ______ (talk) about climate change."【例10】【云贵川桂四省2021届高三上学期10月联合考试】Scientists around the world are looking for all kinds of ways to protect and maybe even revive corals. One option is _______ (create) more marine protected areas-essentially national parks in the ocean.【例11】【江西省赣州市会昌县七校2021届高三联合月考】The scientists appealed to nations _______ (use) energy more efficiently and cut their use of fossil fuels.【例12】【山西省长治市2021届高三期中考试联考】I got tired of studying and finally I refused to attend class, _______(shut) myself in my room for hours.【例13】【河南省2020-2021学年高三毕业班阶段性测试（二）】The crossbow had the advantage of not only______（send）an arrow with enough force to cut through body armor（盔甲）but its arrows, being short, could not be shot back by bowmen.规律方法：如何判断空格处应填非谓语动词？(1) 正确判断非谓语动词。

高考英语语法填空高频考点之非谓语动词非谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。

现将非谓语动词这个考点以单句形式呈现，以便于同学们进行专项练习。

1.(encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. 答案：Encouraged非谓语-被动wind farms 风电场2. (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.答案：Approaching非谓语-主动，伴随3. He had a wonderful childhood, (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.答案：Traveling/Travelling非谓语-主动，伴随4. (look) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.答案：Looking非谓语-主动，伴随5. The lady walked around the shops, (keep) an eye out for bargains.答案：keeping非谓语-主动，伴随6.I have a lot of readings (complete) before the end of this term.答案：to complete非谓语-目的7. It rained heavily in the south，(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.答案：causing非谓语-主动，伴随8. A great number of students (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.答案：questioned非谓语-被动9. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps (borrow) from the library.答案：borrowed 非谓语-被动10. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank(buy) presents for my dad.答案：to buy 非谓语-目的11. (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.答案：Seen非谓语-被动12. With the government’s aid, those(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 答案：affected非谓语-被动13. (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.答案：to complete 非谓语-目的14. The news shocked the public, (lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school.答案：l eading 非谓语-主动，伴随15. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ( send) supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.答案：sending 非谓语-主动，伴随16. (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 答案：Bitten非谓语-被动17. (remind) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 答案：Reminded非谓语-被动18. (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars. 答案：G iven非谓语-被动19. The children all turned (look) at the famous actress as she entered the classroom.答案：to look 非谓语-目的20. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, (kill) all four people on board. 答案：kill ing 非谓语-主动，伴随21.Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one.答案：compared非谓语-被动22. — Did the book give the information you needed?— Yes. But (find) it，I had to read the entire book. 答案：to find 非谓语-目的23. (throw) their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. 答案：Throw ing 非谓语-主动，伴随24. We finished the run in less than half the time (allow).答案：allowed非谓语-被动25. The trees (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.答案：blown非谓语-被动26. (complete) the project as planned，we’ll have to work two more hours a day.答案：To complete 非谓语-目的27．I’m tired out．I stayed up the whole night, (study) for my midterm math exam．答案：study ing 非谓语-主动，伴随28. (raise) people’s living standards, the central government will take more measures in the coming years. 答案：To raise非谓语-目的29. He told me to start early, (remind) me that the roads would be crowded.答案：remind ing 非谓语-主动，伴随30. (import) from other countries, sand painting is now being recognized in China for its uniqueness and creativity. 答案：Imported非谓语-被动31．(live) in the country, we had few social activities．答案：Liv ing 非谓语-主动，伴随32. She seems to prefer (watch) American TV Shows to talking to me．答案：watch ing 非谓语-动名词-主动33．(control) her emotion, she buried her face in her hands．答案：To control非谓语-目的34. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star. 答案：caused非谓语-被动35. (lower) the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years. 答案：To lover非谓语-目的36. Programmes, (design) to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world．答案：designed非谓语-被动37. (gain) valuable experience, he asked to be sent to remote areas.答案：To gain非谓语-目的38. The seats (reserve) for children and seniors are right at the front of the buses. 答案：reserved非谓语-被动39．Many things such as going abroad and owning a car, (consider) impossible in the past, are now very common．答案：considered非谓语-被动40. After a long absence, I went back to college, (hope) to pick up where I’d left off.答案：hop ing 非谓语-主动，伴随41. Was it (hold) the international conference that made the city the focus of this area? 答案：hold ing 非谓语-主动，主语，强调句型It is/was....... that.....42. I’m sorry I was late. (make) up for it, let me treat you to a meal.答案：To make非谓语-目的43. (save) power, turn off the hot water after you are done showering.答案：To save非谓语-目的44. A person, when (challenge), can often do what is normally beyond his ability. 答案：challenged非谓语-被动45. (offer) a better position at IBM, he became more and more confident of his ability.答案：Offered非谓语-被动46. Today, people are paying more and more attention to their health, (make) books on keeping healthy extremely hot．答案：mak ing 非谓语-主动，伴随47. More than a quarter of the energy (use) in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.答案：used非谓语-被动48. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star. 答案：caused非谓语-被动49. Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when (read) on the Internet by millions of people. 答案：read非谓语-被动（不规则动词）50. Not (impress) with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them．答案：impressed非谓语-被动参考答案1. Encouraged2. Approaching3.Traveling/Travelling4. Looking5. keeping6. to complete7. causing8. questioned9. borrowed10. to buy 11. Seen 12. affected 13. To complete 14. leading 15. sending16. Bitten 17. Reminded 18. Given 19. to look 20. killing 21. compared22. to find 23. Throwing 24. allowed 25. blown26. To complete27. studying 28. To raise 29. reminding 30. Imported 31. Living 32. watching 33. To control 34. caused 35. To lower 36. designed 37. To gain 38. reserved 39. considered 40. hoping 41. holding 42. To make 43. To save 44. challenged 45. Offered 46. making 47. used 48. caused 49. read 50. impressed。

高考英语五年真题（2019-2023年）专题汇总解析—非谓语动词一、2023年高考真题1.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...【答案】to bite【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。

decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。

2.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.【答案】recognized【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。

空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。

故填recognized。

3.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...【答案】to be lifted【解析】考查非谓语动词。

非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种： 1.动词不定式：to do表示目的和将来2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been done过去分词被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤：1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。

2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。

一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语：1）. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如：________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk2）. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point（in）doing sth2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较：1）、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。

非谓语动词总结【2篇】非谓语动词在英语中很常见，关于非谓语动词的语法知识自然就要大家能够熟练掌握。

下面是小编整理的2篇《非谓语动词总结》，可以帮助到您，就是小编我最大的乐趣哦。

非谓语动词总结篇一一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。

当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do2、动词的ing : doing3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式:表示目的和将来；动词的ing:表示主动和进行；过去分词:表示被动和完成。

三、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing四、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的'复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格+doing)五、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。

一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk（分析）a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选Bb. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + （for / of sb. ）to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s useless doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语，。

【非谓语动词】【考纲解读】近几年对于非谓语动词的句法功能考查越来越多，尤其是语篇填空和改错题型考查较多，甚至在完形填空的选项中也多有涉及。

首先需要考生了解非谓语动词的基本形式及其时态和语态的变化形式；其次，需要考生牢固掌握非谓语动词的语法功能和非谓语动词题目的解题思路，并能在具体的语境中正确运用。

【命题趋势】1. 近年来对非谓语动词的考查较多的关注与语境的结合，尽管出发点还是仍是非谓语动词的基本用法，这种考查形式是在理解语境和句意的基础上设置的。

2. 今后非谓语动词的考查依然占有较高的比重，尤其是非谓语动词做定语和状语的用法，同时试题设置将会继续结合语境，难度适中。

3. 高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出，所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有：现在分词和过去分词基础知识；现在分词和过去分词句法功能；现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析；现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成；现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。

4. 动词不定式的考查主要集中在一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能；对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。

【名师指导】1.非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。

对非谓语动词类考题，解题时首先要通过句子结构判断出是否是非谓语动词，找准相关动词的逻辑主语，再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词。

例如：作主语、宾语用动名词或动词不定式；作状语常用分词：目的状语常用动词不定式，伴随状语则常用现在分词等。

2.确定为非谓语动词后，再观察非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系以及动作发生的时间，由此判断出正确的时态、语态形式。

非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主动关系，常用现在分词、动词不定式或动名词的一般式；是被动关系，则用过去分词、-ing形式或动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have be en done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。

（完整版）⾮谓语动词考点总结归纳⾮谓语动词考点总结归纳⾮谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。

它们是⾼中所学的基础语法，也是⾼考必考内容。

既是⾼考的难点⼜是⾼考的热点。

真正领悟⾮谓语动词的⽤法要具备以下基础知识：①具有句⼦结构的知识，会分析句⼦成分。

②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。

③具有扎实⽽丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。

④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句。

1．三种⾮谓语动词的构成及变化形式。

不定式主动被动⼀般形式（本⾝包含将去做To do To be done的含义）进⾏形式To be doing --------------完成形式To have done To have been done动词的ING 形式主动被动⼀般形式（本⾝包含正在进Ving Being Ved⾏的含义）完成形式Having Ved Having been Ved●过去分词done （⽆变化）●所有⾮谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not,never放在⾮谓语动词的前⾯。

2. 三种⾮谓语动词形式句法功能⽐较主宾表定状补功能种类不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√　√考点⼀：⾮谓语作主语。

1. 在很多情况下没有明显的不同. Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.2. 不定式做主语表⽰某⼀次具体的,特定的或有待实现的动作, ⽽动名词则表⽰通常的情况.eg:To tell him the truth would be the best. / Painting is an art.动词不定式（短语）作主语时，另⼀种形式是在句⾸⽤先⾏代词it作形式主语，⽽将动词不定式（短语）移到谓语之后作真正主语。

⽤于这种形式是⼀些特定形容词，动词和名词1)形容词作表语It is adj/n.(for sb.) to do sth. （常见的形容词是：necessary,important,possible等）It is adj./n.(of sb.) to do sth. (常见的形容词是clever,stupid,foolish,wise,cruel等)2)常见的动词有：require, cost, amuse, delight, annoy等eg: It takes much time to do sth./ It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me.3)⼀些名词作表语eg: It seems a pity to waste them./It is a great pleasure to do this./It is a good idea to think this way动名词做主语时常⽤的句型有：It is nice doing sth./It’s foolish doing sth./It is useless doing that/It’s a waste of time doing this.worth one’s while doing sth./ It’s no good (use) doing that./It’sIt’s an awful job doing this. /It’s fun doing this.There is/ was no sense in doing/no point in doing考点⼆：⾮谓语动词作宾语详细见5+3 P70-72页补充:1.begin和start在下列三种情况下, 通常跟不定式, 不跟动名词1) 当begin和start的主语是⽆⽣命之物时. eg: Snow began to melt.2) 当begin和start⽤于进⾏时时. eg: He is beginning to study English.3) 当begin和start后⾯跟着⼀些表⽰⼼理状态的词时. eg: I began to believe his story.2. be afraid to do 不敢去做……be afraid of doing 害怕发⽣某事3. be sure to do ⼀定会……　be sure of doing 确信会……eg: Tom is sure to pass the exam.(说话⼈的看法, 认为Tom ⼀定会考试通过.)Tom is sure of passing the exam. ( Tom 对⾃⼰通过考试很有把握.)考点三：⾮谓语动词作表语不定式、动名词、分词做表语：1.不定式做表语常表⽰谓语动词所表⽰动作之后发⽣的动作。