高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破1名词含解析牛津译林

第一篇名词单句语法填空1、Many customers made ______________(complain) about the bad service the hotel offered.2、_______________(congratulate)! But I think someone was mistaken," Dennis responded.3、The__________(poach) who killed the elephant with the longest tusks in the world were finally arrested bythe police.4、The painting failed to reach its expected price, and was bought by one of the __________(deal) for 100,000 yuan.5、Her __________ (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.6、The system has been designed to give students quick andeasy __________(accessible) to the digital resources of the library.7、All people consider she is one of the most excellent __________(champion) in history.8、Believe it or not, I don't have very wonderful __________(memorize) of my schooldays.9、Their only _____________(entertain) was listening to the radio or watching the local high school sporting events.10、The evidence was there in the file but no one made the__________(connect).11、The fact that he couldn't speak a foreign language then put him at a distinct __________(advantage).12、Kenya's long distance runners have taken the__________(athlete) world by storm in the past ten years.13、When I was a child, my parents gave me total __________(free) to do whateverI liked.14、Out of__________(curious), the two girls went against their father’s order and turned on the computer.15、There are some __________(differ) between British English and American English in spelling, pronunciation and grammar.单句改错1、Much to my astonish, she remembered my name._____________________________________________________________________2、Expose of the body to strong sunlight can be harmful._____________________________________________________________________3、You heat this pot of water, and the steam will come into exist._____________________________________________________________________4、I finally learned how to swim this summer under my mother’s guide._____________________________________________________________________5、What’s more,they impressed us deeply with their unusual confidences and performances.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、Recently,a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、Thirdly,the items might be damaged during deliver._____________________________________________________________________8、In the camp, we will have an English speech’s contest and watch some wonderful performances given by the students.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、This made for the grow in the porcelain industry._____________________________________________________________________10、I'll look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patient._____________________________________________________________________11、Every weekend we visit the nursing home near our school to do some cleaning and washing, and sometimes we put on a few performance.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12、He suffered many serious injure to the arms and legs._____________________________________________________________________13、It is difficult to get used to another country’s custom._____________________________________________________________________14、Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furnitures and small art objects from the Amber Room.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15、You don’t need any experiences to work in a gallery._____________________________________________________________________答案以及解析单句语法填空1答案及解析：答案：complaints2答案及解析：答案：Congratulations3答案及解析：答案：poachers4答案及解析：5答案及解析：答案：motivation解析：句意:她写作的动力是她渴望为妇女争取到接受高等教育的权利。

一、名词对应学生用书p158在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaro undhumansettlements, leadingtoa________(believe) thatpopulationsareincreasing.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Whentheywerefreefromwork, theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting________(compete) towatch, togetherwiththestorybehindit.3．(2019·浙江卷)OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno________(connect) betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto 10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall________ (cause)．5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased________(pollute) inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'ma________(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.[答案与解析]1．belief。

名词考查主要集中在词类转换和单复数（涉及主谓一致）方面，明确句中所需词汇的词性是解题的关键。

冠词是语法填空与短文改错的必考点，习惯用法和固定搭配是其主要考查方向。

命题趋势：１．对冠词的考查将集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯搭配上；２．名词考点主要集中在给出词根进行词类转化、名词的可数与不可数、名词复数形式的变化上。

考点一名词的固定搭配１．动词have，keep，take，make，get，pay，play，give，put等加名词构成的短语have a good reputation 有个好的名声have an idea of 了解have a sense of 有……意识have a feeling of 有……感觉have access to 可以获得have an advantage over 胜过，优于keep a balance 保持平衡take…into account 考虑……take advantage of 利用，趁……之机make fun of 取笑，嘲弄make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理get/lose contact with 与……取得/失去联系get relief 得到缓解give a solution 给出解决方案put…into practice 将……付诸行动１You are working too harＤ．You'd better keep a balance between work and relaxation.你工作太努力了。

你最好使工作和休息相平衡。

２The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good reputation.那个医生擅长治疗心脏病，并且从来不接受病人的礼物，所以他享有非常好的名声。

第1练名词基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Unfortunately，deepworrybegantodestroymy(confident) gradually. 2．HearingofAlan’sdeath，Ithought，“Whatacomplete(fail)！”3．It’sreallymy(please) tohavetoldyousomethingaboutthisoldcity. 4．Hepushedandpulledwithallhis(strong) tomovetheheavystone.5．Portman’seducationalbackgroundhasinfluencedoneofher(project)．6．Ihaveastrong(believe) thatonedaystudentscanbuythesetickets，too. 7．Girlsareluckierthanboys; theyhavemoreflexible(choose) thanboys. 8．TeaonlymadeitswaytoEnglandinlarge(quantity) inthefirstyearsofthe17thcentury. 9．Heasked(permit) tointroducehisfriend，whosenamewasMrWhite.10．Andafter(graduate) in2018，shewenttotheUSAforfurthereducation.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 11．AbigstormdestroyedtwovillagesinSouthAfricalastFriday，causingfourdeath. 12．Afterall，helpingpeopleinneedisagoodwaytoobtainjoyandhappy.13．Beforelong，IcouldspeakEnglishwellandIalsomadegreatprogressesinmywrittenEnglish. 14．Wecouldn’tfindahotelbecausetherewerequitealotoftouristinthisoldcity. 15．Intherushhour，thereweresomanycarsandbusontheroad，soIwasstuck.16．Intheend，shedecidedtoseethewisemaninthisvillagetoaskforsomeadvices. 17．Thegirltoldmethatshehadneverreadthefamouswriternovelbutshehadheardofthename. 18．Afterthatwe’llhavesomefunstogether，singing，dancingandplayinggames.19．Afteratenminuteswalk，thesepeoplearrivedatthefamousvillage.20．HegavemealltheencouragementsIneededtobeabletocarryon.技法总结在语法填空中1．查看句子结构。

Unit 1 The world of our senses[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．approach vi.& vt.靠近；着手处理 n．靠近；方法；路径2．attach vt.把……附在……上；认为……重要3．volunteer n．志愿者 vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做4．likely adj.可能的5．whisper vi.& vt.小声说；私下说6．stare vi.凝视，盯着看7．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的 vt.& vi.使平静，镇静8．puzzle n．谜，疑问 vt.迷惑，使困惑9．reduce vt.& vi.减少10．relief n．轻松，宽慰[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)As the end of school approaches(approach)，and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近)ahead，parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore. 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer(calm)，healthier?3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)With the help of chef Matt Tebbutt，she offers top tips on how to reduce(reduce) food waste.4．Attached (attach) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.5．The charity is appealing for volunteers(volunteer) to take elderly patients to and from hospital.6．She whispered(whisper) to me that his temperature was up again.7．Robyn sat there staring(stare) into space，her mind numb.拓展单词1．anxious adj.焦虑，忧虑→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑；渴望2．confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．迷惑，混淆3．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论→observer n．观察者；评论者→observation n．观察；评论4．disable v．使(某人)失去能力→disabled adj.残废的；有缺陷的→disability n．缺陷；伤残5．employ vt.使用；雇佣→employer n．雇用者；雇主→employee n．受雇者；雇员；雇工→employment n．职业；雇用；使用6．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，无知[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空1．What you said left all of us in confusion，that is，we were all completely confused by your confusing words.(confuse)2．My mother always gets a bit anxious if we don't arrive when we say we will.She will phone us and share her anxiety with us.(anxious)3．The observer has been observing the changes to the situation of that region fora long time，so his observation is believable.(observe)4．Disabled though the girl is，she refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants.(disable)5．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before she came to work.(employ)6．Owing to ignorance of the new traffic laws，some drivers usually ignore the speed limits.(ignore)阅读词汇1．narrow adj.狭窄的2．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的3．analyse vt.分析4．panic vi.& n．惊慌，恐慌5．forecast vt.& n．预测，预报6．triangle n．三角形7．jewellery n．珠宝8．pavement n．(马路边的)人行道9．compass n．罗盘；指南针拓展联想1．“说”法荟萃①whisper 小声说；私下说②murmur 低语；小声说③chat 聊天④speak 说；演讲；发言⑤inform 通知；告诉⑥announce 宣告；述说⑦declare 宣布；声明⑧claim 声称；要求2.有趣的名词后缀“­er和­ee”①employer雇主，老板employee雇员，员工②examiner考官；审查人examinee应试人③trainer培训师，训练员trainee实习生，受训者④interviewer面试官；采访人interviewee被采访者；参加面试者3.“惊恐”万状①fear n．恐惧，害怕②alarm v．使惊恐，警告③frighten v．使害怕，吓唬④horror n．惊骇，恐怖⑤scare v．使惊恐⑥shock v．震惊，使吃惊⑦panic n．惊慌，恐慌⑧terrify v．使恐惧[短语多维应用]高频短语1．clear up (天气)放晴；清理2．in the distance 在远处3．glance at 瞥一眼，匆匆看4．stare at 盯着看，睁大眼5．to one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空The Wild Goose Pagoda is the symbol of Xi'an.When the weather ①cleared up，we drove there.②To our surprise, we saw a rainbow over the pagoda ③in the distance．What a beautiful scene! We all felt relaxed and happy.6．in sight 看得到，在视力范围内7．reach out 伸出(手)8．watch out for 留心，密切注意9．attach importance to 认为……很重要[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空On a foggy morning，Mr.Zhang could see nothing ④in sight，and was knocked down by a running car.Fortunately，some passers­by ⑤reached out their hands to rush him to the hospital.The traffic accident warned pedestrians ⑥to watch out for cars when getting across the road.10．roll up 卷起来11．wish for 希望，企盼12．pay back 偿还；回报；报复13．work out 制订出；算出14．make sense 有意义；讲得通[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field.People ⑦wish for them to pass on their knowledge to others without ⑧being paid back．Mavens also collect information to ⑨work out new plans for social developing trends.拓展联想1．走近sense短语①a sense of ……的感觉②in a sense 在某种意义上③in no sense 决不④make sense of 理解，弄懂2.盘点含reach的短语①reach for伸手去拿②within reach很接近；够得着③out of reach够不着④beyond reach 够不到；鞭长莫及3.wish 短语小结①as you wish 随心所欲②fulfill a wish 实现愿望③get one's wish 如愿以偿④make a wish 许愿，祈求[句式 结构仿写]精讲8个考纲词汇1．observe vt.观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝；评论(1)写出下列句中observe 的含义①Though having lived abroad for years ，many Chinese still observe traditional customs.遵守②People of many Western countries observe Christmas.庆祝③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达) The police observed the man enter the bank.①(高级表达) The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.(被动语态)②(高级表达) The police observed that the man entered the bank．先理解再牢记observe sb.doing sth.观察/注意到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)observe sb.do sth.观察/注意到某人做过某事(强调动作全过程)observe that 观察到……，注意到……observe how/what/where＋从句观看了……观察了……observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals 庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日[名师点津]observe sb.do sth.结构如果改成被动语态，应补上省略的to，即sb.be observed to do sth.。

语法填空或短文改错对动词进行考查时，主谓一致亦在考查之列，主谓一致也是考生在书面表达中易忽略的内容。

倒装考查往往会涉及助动词的选取。

在书面表达中如能恰当地呈现出倒装、强调、省略或感叹等特殊句式，无疑将给阅卷教师留下良好的印象。

命题趋势：近三年高考试题中的特殊句式的考查很少，但是强调句和倒装句是高中教学重点内容，考生仍然要掌握这部分内容，以便有较强的综合能力应对高考。

考点一强调句１It is the manager rather than the workers that is to blame for the accident.They just carried out the plan as tolＤ．是经理而不是工人该为事故负责任。

他们只是按被告知的执行计划。

２It wasn't until nearly a month later that I received the manager's reply.直到将近一个月后，我才收到了经理的回信。

３How was it that your brother managed to pass the math exam last week？He's always so lazy.你的哥哥是如何通过上周的数学考试的？他总是那么懒。

４I do hope you can take my plan into consideration.我的确希望你能考虑我的计划。

[规律总结]强调句陈述句式：It is/was…that/who…（强调除谓语以外的成分）一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋…that/who…？特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who…？“not…until…”的强调句：It is/was not until…that…＋剩余部分（注意时态）强调谓语动词do/does/did＋动词原形（只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时）考点二倒装句１．完全倒装１John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，一位他从来没见过的女孩站在那儿。

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动词的时态和语态1．（2018·扬州、南通、连云港调研)—I hear a Tibetan student in your school________ and that you’ve raised money for him.—Well, the doctors are considering a conservative therapy.A．was operated onB．will be operated onC．is being operated onD．has been operated onB解析：句意：——我听说你们学校一名西藏的学生将进行手术, 你们为他募捐了。

——哦. 医生们正在考虑一种保守治疗的方法. 根据答语判断手术还没有进行, 应是将来发生的动作, student是operate的动作承受者，故选B。

2．（2018·江苏扬州中学开学考试)—I didn’t expect that John would be absent from my last Sunday's birthday party.-As far as I know， he ________ to see his parents in the countryside on Sundays。