同义词替换(剑七)

雅思阅读替换同义词雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/little change僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost4.proportion/percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/involve in/involvement[n.]涉及，卷入，参与6.given/considering , in regard to/despite/although有鉴于、考虑到，尽管6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce/deductive推断7. fortune/destiny/chances8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/exhaust–exhaust emission (尾气)排放/exploitplex 错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated老奸巨滑的，复杂的10.capacity能力，容量/competence（竞争）能力/ability能力（笼统的）11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ensure (insure)/guarantee 押金12. solely/merely/only13.a vast array of 系列/a great variety of 花样，品种/a great rang 系列of14.pesticide 杀虫/suicide 自杀/homicide/murder杀人15. believe/assume(responsibility)/suppose16.授权，委托：authorize/commission 佣金/entitle 头衔+ment =right （权利）17. purchase/buy18. ethnic 种族的/ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n]19. modify/change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]20. insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing21.constrain拘泥，限制/restrict 限制/limit22.circumstance 环境（社会）/surroundings/environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台/settings后台，布景/context 上下文（文章中）23.notorious 臭名昭著的/flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的24.移民：immigrant (进来)/emigrant(出去)/migrant25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/thriving/booming（人口，行业）/flourishing26.神圣的：divine/heavenly/holy/sacred27.有毒的：poisonous/toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)28.致命的：deadly/fatal/lethal/mortal29.类似于：look like/resemble30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term长期的31.网恋：virtual love/cyber love32.网友：on-line/net/cyberfriend上网（聊天）chat on line/go on-line cyber café/网吧33.evolve-evolution进化/revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/involve-involution 卷入，涉及34. indicator/predictor表示诠释，预测35. indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray36. therapist/expert/specialist37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length38. commonest/frequent39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped40. 退化：degenerate/-tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/degrade->grade 等级/deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/class-classify42.consequence后果->影响/subsequence紧跟其后/sequence=order秩序/frequency 频率43.clash冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁44. Substitution=> substitute sth. for sb./replace45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior)绝缘，隔（体）47．缺点，不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/innovative (-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty)=>[n]/creative/revolutionary(易错拼写：environment/convenient)49．neutral中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscuremunicate 沟通，传达52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠53. commitment ~ to sth. 奉献2责任,义务54．contribute to 导致~ result in/account for(占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack (of)/short(of)55.强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently道貌岸然的/obviously=>evidently56.对…怀疑：(be)/skeptical/skeptical/dubious/suspicious (about/of)57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/flagrant/smelly/odorous59.机构，组织：association/structure/organization60.超过：exceed/surpass61.岩浆：molten rock/lava/magma62.语言：linguist ~学家/lingual和~有关的/bilingual/双语63.多种多样的：diversity/variety/breed/speciesbreed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成64.dialect 方言accent腔调65.开始的，初步的：begin/launch/initial (-ly) [v]首字母，开始的/initiate开始，发动>initiative 原创性= origin66.贫穷：poor/in poverty/impoverished（被剥夺财产的）67.杰出：eminence (-t)/prominence(-t)/unusual68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷/anatomy解剖/conceive构思，怀孕/deliver分娩69.辅助性：alternative补充性/therapist70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive/inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perplexing72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于73.subsidize辅助/subsidy补助，补贴/subsidiary74.a factor in sth./depend on sth.75.be preferred by/choice76. attitude to/how77. the present century/modern society78. broad/great79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管80. small-scale 小范围/marginal边缘处的81. physical/medical82.negotiation/agreement 谈判，洽谈/商定，协议83. evolve/develop84.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房85.virtual (love)/simulate模拟的（网恋）/模拟86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难，不幸87.innovate/invent 革新，创新/发明，创造sculpture/craft 雕刻，雕塑/工艺88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的89. be participant in/take part in/participate inbour[美，澳]/work91.attend to/take care of92.dual employment/dual-worker双职工（家庭）93.indicate/predict 指示，表明，象征/预料，预言A major contributor to/be central to 来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因94.expert/therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/某个专科的专家95.lead to/be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）96.balanced/equitable平等的97.handicap/disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的98. could not-and cannot/has always been unable to by/from99.benefit/advantage100.substantialinfluence/greater likelihood101.agree on/define102.considereddesirable/effectiveness103.masquerade/(in) disguise伪装104.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的105.inspect/examine审核,检查106．caliber/criterion 标准107．no-one know>< notorious无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌109.pessimism/negative/blue >< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/hardly be looked upon111.identify/define恒星英语论坛112.turn… into/become113.urban/rural/suburban114.demolish/knock down/dismantle 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/敲，打115.migration/move 迁移/移动116.pay/charge sb. for向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉117.separate/split 分开，使隔绝，提取/分，劈开118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住119.notrequire/unnecessary 不需要/不必要120.decode/decipher 译解（密码），解释121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/欠缺，弊端122.association/organization 机构，关联/组织123.recent/current/nowadays/present 最近的/现代的/当今的/现在124.intensiveburst/explosiverelease 强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放125.recognized/identified 承认，识别，认可/识别，鉴别126.aim to/focus on 针对，目标，打算/集中127.link…to/lead to连接/导致，通向128. inadequate (diet)/deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/缺乏，不足129.basic/fundamental基础的，基本的130.seize/catch 捕捉，抓住131.fatal/lethal 致命的132.success on/running on 成功133.costly/be related by有关系的134.be obtained in/be derived in 获得，流行，通用/由…产生，起源于135.high-income/wealthy 高收入的/富裕的136.be alike/be similar to 相同的，相似的137.indicate/show显示，指出，象征138. eliminate/lessen >< 消除/减少139. not risen significantly/stagnate 停滞不前的140.salary/wage 工资：总称/蓝领的141.create/gain创造，造成/获得，增加efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率142.economy/financial 经济143. administration/management144.(be) sympathetic/understand 同情的，赞同/理解145.introduce/involve 引入/卷入146.change/different来源:恒星英语网147.die>< exist死亡><存在148.almost/approximately149.be out of date/be developed150.solve/reduce 减少151.famous/eminent152.barrier/hurdle153.higher position/top post154.Advantage: virtue, merit, benefit , positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage: weakness, failing, weakness, defect, drawback, negative aspect, fault不利,缺点,缺陷156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected,随意的157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评159.Flaw: weakness, defect缺点160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力161.Dishonest: deceptive不诚实的162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的163.Success: achievement, feat成功来源:恒星英语网164.Reason:factor, contributor, origin, 原因165.Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于，因为167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难169.Pollute: contaminate污染170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降172.Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的。

雅思听力中同义词替换4大类型分析什么是同义替换呢?同义替换即将同一意思通过不同的方式、不同的角度进行表达。

它是为了表达的丰富性与多样性而存在的。

而在雅思听力的考试中，同义替换与信息陷阱、逻辑关系一起，构成贯穿在雅思听力考试中的三大难点。

其实，雅思听力中的同义替换除了近义词替换，还包括同根词替换、类别词替换、数量词替换。

本文就为考生具体介绍这四种同义替换形式。

一、雅思听力同义替换之近义词替换顾名思义，近义词替换是通过近义词的方式来展示题目和录音内容的联系，这种同义替换也是所有同义替换类别中最基本、最容易掌握的形式。

考生若是对单词的近义词十分熟悉，那么便可以轻松解决这类问题。

例1 Most useful language practice： learning 23 vocabulary (《剑5》Test 2 Section 3第23题)分析该题是一道表格填空题，需要考生补充最有用的语言练习是什么。

通过审题，考生可以发现本题的最佳定位词应该是vocabulary，而空格中缺少的应该是一个修饰vocabulary的定语成分。

根据定位词vocabulary，考生可以在录音中听到这句话：“I also learnt some technical words that I hadn’t heard before.”在这句话中，考生发现通过一个正式和非正式的同义词转换，题干中的定位词vocabulary 在录音中被替换为words，由此考生就找到了答案信息所在的位置。

录音中words的修饰词为technical，所以technical为本题答案。

以上是一个名词近义词替换的例子，但对于广大考生而言，在做题过程中感觉更让人头疼的是动词或形容词的近义替换，因为这类词的替换更加灵活。

不过，如果考生能够掌握相应的解题方法，也可轻松解题，如下例所示。

例2 STOP B：has good 16 of city centre (《剑7》Test 2Section 2 第16题)分析该题也是一道表格填空题，让考生补充完整景点B有何特色。

剑桥雅思阅读替换同义词雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。

以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/little change僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost4.proportion/percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/involve in/involvement[n.]涉及，卷入，参与6.given/considering , in regard to/despite/although有鉴于、考虑到，尽管6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce/deductive推断7.fortune/destiny/chances8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/exhaust–exhaust emission (尾气)排放/exploitplex 错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated老奸巨滑的，复杂的10.capacity能力，容量/competence（竞争）能力/ability能力（笼统的）11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ensure (insure)/guarantee 押金12.solely/merely/only13.a vast arrayof 系列/a great variety of 花样，品种/a great rang 系列of14.pesticide 杀虫/suicide 自杀/homicide/murder杀人15.believe/assume(responsibility)/suppose16.授权，委托：authorize/commission 佣金/entitle 头衔+ment =right （权利）17.purchase/buy18. ethnic 种族的/ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n]19. modify/change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]20. insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing21.constrain拘泥，限制/restrict 限制/limit22.circumstance 环境（社会）/surroundings/environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台/settings后台，布景/context 上下文（文章中）23.notorious 臭名昭著的/flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的24.移民：immigrant (进来)/emigrant(出去)/migrant25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/thriving/booming（人口，行业）/flourishing26.神圣的：divine/heavenly/holy/sacred27.有毒的：poisonous/toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)28.致命的：deadly/fatal/lethal/mortal29.类似于：look like/resemble30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term长期的31.网恋：virtuallove/cyber love32.网友：on-line/net/cyberfriend上网（聊天）chat on line/go on-line cyber café/网吧33.evolve-evolution进化/revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/involve-involution 卷入，涉及34. indicator/predictor表示诠释，预测35.indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray36.therapist/expert/specialist37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length38. commonest/frequent39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped40. 退化：degenerate/-tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/degrade->grade 等级/deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/class-classify42.consequence后果->影响/subsequence紧跟其后/sequence=order秩序/frequency频率43.clash冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb/replace45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior)绝缘，隔（体）47．缺点，不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/innovative(-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty)=>[n]/creative/revolutionary (易错拼写：environment/convenient)49．neutral中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscuremunicate 沟通，传达52.accommodate1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠mitment1 ~ to sth. 奉献2责任,义务54．contribute to 导致~ result in/account for(占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack (of)/short(of)55.强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently道貌岸然的/obviously=>evidently56.对…怀疑：(be)/skeptical/skeptical/dubious/suspicious (about/of)57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/flagrant/smelly/odorous59.机构，组织：association/structure/organization60.超过：exceed/surpass61.岩浆：molten rock/lava/magma62.语言：linguist ~学家/lingual和~有关的/bilingual/双语63.多种多样的：diversity/variety/breed/speciesbreed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成64.dialect 方言accent腔调65.开始的，初步的：begin/launch/initial (-ly) [v]首字母，开始的/initiate开始，发动>initiative 原创性= origin66.贫穷：poor/in poverty/impoverished（被剥夺财产的）67.杰出：eminence (-t)/prominence(-t)/unusual68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷/anatomy解剖/conceive构思，怀孕/deliver分娩69.辅助性：alternative补充性/therapist70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive/inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perplexing72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于73.subsidize辅助/subsidy补助，补贴/subsidiary74.a factor in sth/depend on sth75.be preferred by/choice76.attitude to/how77.the present century/modernsociety78.broad/great79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spiteof 不顾，尽管80. small-scale 小范围/marginal边缘处的81. physical/medical82.negotiation/agreement 谈判，洽谈/商定，协议83.evolve/develop84.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房85.virtual (love)/simulate模拟的（网恋）/模拟86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难，不幸87.innovate/invent 革新，创新/发明，创造sculpture/craft 雕刻，雕塑/工艺88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的89. be participant in/take part in/participate inbour[美，澳]/work91.attend to/take care of92.dual employment/dual-worker双职工（家庭）93.indicate/predict 指示，表明，象征/预料，预言A major contributorto/becentral to 来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因94.expert/therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/某个专科的专家95.lead to/be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）96.balanced/equitable平等的97.handicap/disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的98. could not-and cannot/hasalways been unable to by/from99.benefit/advantage100.substantialinfluence/greater likelihood101.agree on/define102.considereddesirable/effectiveness103.masquerade/(in) disguise伪装104.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的105.inspect/examine审核,检查106．caliber/criterion 标准107．no-one know>< notorious无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌109.pessimism/negative/blue >< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/hardly belooked upon111.identify/define恒星英语论坛112.turn… into/become113.urban/rural/suburban114.demolish/knock down/dismantle 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/敲，打115.migration/move 迁移/移动116.pay/charge sb for向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉117.separate/split 分开，使隔绝，提取/分，劈开118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住119.notrequire/unnecessary 不需要/不必要120.decode/decipher 译解（密码），解释121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/欠缺，弊端122.association/organization 机构，关联/组织123.recent/current/nowadays/present 最近的/现代的/当今的/现在124.intensiveburst/explosiverelease 强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放125.recognized/identified 承认，识别，认可/识别，鉴别126.aim to/focus on 针对，目标，打算/集中127.link…to/lead to连接/导致，通向128. inadequate (diet)/deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/缺乏，不足129.basic/fundamental基础的，基本的130.seize/catch 捕捉，抓住131.fatal/lethal 致命的132.success on/running on 成功133.costly/be related by有关系的134.be obtained in/be derivedin 获得，流行，通用/由…产生，起源于135.high-income/wealthy 高收入的/富裕的136.be alike/be similar to 相同的，相似的137.indicate/show显示，指出，象征138. eliminate/lessen >< 消除/减少139. not risensignificantly/stagnate 停滞不前的140.salary/wage 工资：总称/蓝领的141.create/gain创造，造成/获得，增加efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率142.economy/financial 经济143.administration/management144.(be) sympathetic/understand 同情的，赞同/理解145.introduce/involve 引入/卷入146.change/different来源:恒星英语网147.die>< exist死亡><存在148.almost/approximately149.be out of date/bedeveloped150.solve/reduce 减少151.famous/eminent152.barrier/hurdle153.higher position/top post154.Advantage: virtue, merit,benefit , positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage: weakness,failing, weakness, defect, drawback, negative aspect,fault不利,缺点,缺陷156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected,随意的157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive,valid多效的158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评159.Flaw: weakness, defect缺点160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力161.Dishonest: deceptive不诚实的162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的163.Success: achievement,feat成功来源:恒星英语网164.Reason:factor, contributor, origin, 原因165.Result: outcome, consequence,implication结果166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanksto, 由于，因为167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed,create, incur导致168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难169.Pollute: contaminate污染170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline,step back, downward, minimize, abate 下降172.Increase: rise, go up, surge,grow, 上升173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的。

名师：雅思阅读同义词替换（一）1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneousgroups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often 100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

同义词替换（剑四）Test 11．encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v.2．mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.3. easy to reach = accessible容易达到的adj.4. change =modify(modification) 改变v.5. important = vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.6. survive =continuing existence幸存，活下来v.7. curriculum= course课程8. link to = be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.9. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.10. mating=courtship交配v.&n.11. follow=track跟从，跟踪v.12. volunteer =subject实验研究对象n.13. similar =resemble=like=alike相似的adj.Test 2.1. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb =escalate=widen =intensify=expand上升，增加2. teach = educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.3. more than one language = bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n..4. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各类各样的adj.5. differ from=unusual与…不同v.6. reluctant= unwilling=not willing=be loath to do something勉强的adj.7. retrain=taking courses再教育v.8. long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing= lasting=lifelong=prolonged长期的adj.9. connection= relationship=link=correlation联系n..10. reduction= decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.11. class= type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.12. strategy=way=method=approach=technique= system=tactics 方式，功略n..13. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.Test 31. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的n.2. poverty= being poor贫困n.3. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.4. emit=emission n.散发5. generate = form=produce =create 产生v.6. objective=impartial=neutral=not take sides=unbiased客观的adj.7. observe=notice= =see=spot= detect=detection=note=perceive=find观察发现v.8. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包括，包括v.9. focus on=deals only with=concentrate on 专注于v.10. affect=have an effect= impact = make a differencet影响v. Test 41. official= formal=authorized官方的，正式的adj.2. recognize=know=identify =pick out = tell认出，承认v.3. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lack of something =be short 不足的adj.4. enable=make something possible=allow=permit使能够v.5. predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=预测v.6. basic=fundamental=essential大体的adj.7. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target =end 目的n.8. translate=change languages=interpret翻译v.9. field= area =domain领域n.10. influence=effect=side effect=impact 影响n.11. realize=know=be/become aware =appreciate=be conscious意识到v.12. limit=restrict =keep within=confine =fix 限制v.&n.13. produce=form=create=generate生产v.14. guarantee=promise=assure =pledge保证v.15. independence =self-reliance 独立n.同义词替换（剑五）Test 11.. did not have=without没有v.2. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.3. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale庞大的adj.4. confer= award=present =grant=allocate 给予v.5. expect= think =anticipate预期，期待v.6. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.7. prior to=before=previous在…前面8. abundant=plenty=ample 丰裕的，丰硕的adj.9. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.10. attempt=purpose=order=effort =try尝试，尽力n.&v.Test 21. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.2. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.3. field=domain=territory= industry=sector领域n.4. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.5. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如6. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.7. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.8. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.9. involve with=associate with=link to= relate to与…有关联v.10. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.11. instantly=rapidly=immediately当即地adv.12. react=respond 反映v.13. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions主观观点n.14. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate= judgment评估，估量v..Test 31. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.2. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.3. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.4. contain=include=cover=possess 包括v.5. military=battlefield军事的adj.6. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.7. consciousness=awareness 意识n.8. widespread=universal=extensive=popular= general普遍的，普遍的adj.9. launch=coin=project =issue创新，开辟v.10. potential=possible=underlying=likely= expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.Test 41. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.2. undermine= destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.3. revive=renaissance振兴v.4. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.5. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.6. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争辩，争执n.&v.7. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.8. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.同义词替换（剑六）Test 11.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.2.funded support=finance 资金n.3.calculate=measure 计算v.4.event=championship 赛事n.5.plan=prepare=design 计划v.6.local=domestic=native=indigenous 本地的adj.7.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.8.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.9.supply=provision=support 供给n.10.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.11.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.12.give up=abandon 放弃13.mainly=heavily=most 主腹地Test 2mute=travel 通勤v.2.income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.3.beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有利的adj.4.refute=deny 反驳v..5.averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的6.show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明7.research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.8.considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.9.regular=daily 按期的adj.10.exercise=physical activity 运动n.11.lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.12.hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.13.restricted=limited 有限的adj.14.newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.15.ancestor=early people=predecessor 先人n.Test 31.teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2.first=initial=early=primary 最先的adj.3.realistic=achievable 现实的adj.4.target=goal=aim 目标n.5.feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.6.achievement=attainment=gain=success 成绩n.7.remuneration=payment 酬金n.8.tend to=prone to 偏向于9.growing old=ageing 变老10.people=mortal=people=individual 人n..11.focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于12.short=scarce=limited=insufficient 欠缺的adj.Test 41.drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2.promotion=marketing 营销n.3.moral=ethical 道德的adj.4.legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.5.money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.6.maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.7.approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.8.be halved=decline by 50% 减半9.key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.10.detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.11.self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n. distinguish=recognize the difference同义词替换（剑七）Test 11. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.2. limb=arm or leg 四肢n.3. perceive=sense =spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.4. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.5. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精准的adj.6. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改良n.7. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前8. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.9.result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，致使10. imitate=copy =follow one’s example 仿照v.Test 21. establish=build=found=set up=start 成立v.=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌v.5. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.Test31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v..=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.=smell味道n.one’s way=navigate 导航v.=position=standing 方位n.=share分享v.=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage废物n.=teeth 牙齿的adj.=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.=feeble 脆弱的adj.=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.Test 4than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.=halt=come to a halt 停止v.=abundant=enough=adequate 充沛的adj.=found=build=set up 成立v.Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功 .=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v. =error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的 ..=make=manufacture=create 生产v.out=implement =execute 实行v.同义词替换（剑八）TEST1:and advocate = different attitude 不同的观点sceptic : n.怀疑者advocate = supporter : n.拥护者2. trial = experiment = test n.实验3. cold temperature = freezing weather = chilly = wintry = cold adj.酷寒的4. farming = agriculture n.农业5. simultaneous = at the same time = together = at once = at one time adj.同时的6. public event = communal activity 公众、社交活动7. aviation disaster = sky accident = air crash 空难8. oversimplify = incomplete = simplistic过于简化的，不完整的9. altitude = from…meters above the ground = height = how high = level n.高度10. weather = meteorological = climate = condition n.气候11. categorize = class / type = sort = classify = be grouped = grade v.分类12. create = establish = invent = start up = open = set up = found = inception v.创建13. average-sized = medium-sized adj. 中等的TEST 21. shift = switch = transfer = move = jerk v.转换2. consistent = lasting = stay the same = constant = unchanging adj.持续的3. drought = no rain at all = dry adj.干旱的4. period = cycle = era = age n.年代5. feeling = emotional response / sensory = a sense of n. 感觉6. unappreciated = undervalued adj.低估的7. difficult = elusive = hard / tough adj.困难的，难懂的8. study = research = analyse = do/conduct research v.研究9. smell = odour = scent n.气味10. damage = impair = break = do/cause damage v.损害11. husbands and wives = marriage partner / spouse = couple夫妇12. lack = do not exist = not enough = scarce = inadequate = insufficient = in short supply v.缺乏的13. do not smell = odorless 没有气味的TEST 31. building = property n.建筑2. financial support = fund = financial aid 资助3. stumbling block = difficulty = trouble n.麻烦4. aim = direct at = purpose = point = idea =objective = goal = target n.目的5. test in real = field test 实地测试6. genius = giftedness / talent / intellectual = intelligence = wisdom n.天才7. inherit = run in family = v.继承8. stable = characteristic = constant = steady = fixed = unchanging adj.稳定的9. life span = duration of life 寿命10. biological clock = internal clock 生物钟11. prolong = extend = drag out = spin out v.延伸，延长TEST41.middle-year education = lower secondary school 中学2. format = pattern n.格式3. less successful student = struggler 差等生4. careful = elaborate adj.仔细的，精心的5. supplementary = assist = additional =extra n.补充，帮忙6. effort = hard work n.尽力7. correct answer = accuracy n.精准8. imbalance = disorder = disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱9. no longer respond = resistance 抵抗10. innate = built-in adj.先天的11. immunity = resistance n.免疫力12. wipe out = eradicate = get rid of = abolish = eliminate 肃除13. criterion = standard n.标准，识别14. container = plastic or glass tube n.容器15. wet = marshy adj.湿的16. little time and effort is required = minimal maintenance and intervention最小程度的维修与介入17. pesticide := chemical n.杀虫剂。

雅思阅读新思路之定位+同义替换雅思阅读总是同学们大为头疼的一项内容，我整理了雅思阅读解题新思路，一起来学习吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。

雅思阅读新思路--定位+同义替换在雅思培训中，阅读老师基本上宣称讲的都是“做题技巧”，而阅读方法技能本身讲的很少。

由于讲做题技巧最有针对性，同学来听课的主要目的也是盼望知道怎么做题，因此大部分老师都在分析总结各种题型的解题特点，解题规律等。

但是，笔者发觉有一个突出的事实就是，一般老师授课太注意题目的特征，许多做题技巧就难免有牵强附会之嫌。

而忽视了剑桥雅思阅读考试的本质特征：英语原版文章，词汇量大，学术性和“反投机”(即尽可能防止考生在读不懂文章的状况小，蒙对答案)。

特殊是由于“反投机”机制的存在，假如老师自己都没有概念，那么你的解题技巧说不定就把你的雅思培训同学送上了“歧途”。

由于你的所谓“技巧”恰恰就是雅思阅读考试题目“革命”的对象，同学也就刚刚好成了牺牲品。

多年的教学阅历告知我，有些题目是不能纯粹靠做题技巧来解决的，必需结合肯定的阅读技能(比如，单词理解，长难句)才能顺当解出。

而且，雅思阅读题型有10种之多，这么多纷繁简单的题型好像又各自有着自己的一些解题技巧和解题步骤，在考试时一篇文章后面往往会有几种题型，而考生需要记清不同的解题方法会显得力不从心，手忙脚乱。

本文单纯从揣测剑桥雅思的出题意图的角度，来争论一下雅思阅读和其他英语考试阅读在解题上方法的差异……一.剑桥雅思索试阅读考题中的替换在几乎全部的英语阅读理解类的考试中，由于阅读文章原文所供应的信息要远远大于题目所考察的信息，所以英语阅读考试有一个特别关键的技巧就是，利用“信号词”或“定位词”在原文中的重现去定位(“Pin down”)所考察的细节，这个过程就是英语阅读理解考试解题中的“定位法”。

但是，许多第一次甚至部分多次参与雅思索试的考生都发觉一个惊奇的现象：利用以往国内四六级英语考试的定位方法时，在原文根本找不到你要的那个单词或者考题的信息点，也就铺张大量的时间，最终解题还是要靠感觉去瞎蒙。

雅思阅读同义词替换(剑八TEST 4)Cambridge 8 TEST 41. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式3. less successful student=struggler 差等生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5. achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细的，精心的9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=another n.补充，帮助10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统19. feed on=prey on 以…为食20. blight=plague v.破坏21. wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate 根除22. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfect match /pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.兼容的26. specimen=individual n.标本27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地30. pitfall=trap n.陷阱31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小程度的维修与介入32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops n.杀虫剂33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life 寿命20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 2drastically : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地carry out : subject to : 使服从remain=stay=keep=continue to be=still v.保持detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware / conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.缺陷，缺点enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=core adj.主要的: documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.干旱的period=cycle=era=age n.年代random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究smell=odour=scent n.气味interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解define=distinguish=tell the difference v.使明确damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take a look v.显示to be defined=unanswered 无答案的husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds夫妇linguistic=language n.语言describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an account of=tell of v.描述lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.缺乏的do not smell=odorless 没有气味的regard as=consider to 把…认作unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.极讨厌的certain=some=a measure of adj.一些correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致relevance n.关联float=afloat v.浮动Cambridge 8 TEST 11. agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.同意2. sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法3. significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性4. meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what will happen in the future n.通灵学6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变8. trial=experiment=test n.实验9. success rate=positive result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.认出，识别11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.限制12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.独特的13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷的15. farming=agriculture n.农业16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make up=conceive=coin=dream up v.创造19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v. 分开21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新的，革命的22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组织，使协调24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash 空难26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v. 导致27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj. 过于简化的，不完整的29. altitude=from…meters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度30. zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.区域31. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.发展，进化36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings regularly from side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧合的41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse to obeya rule or law v.不服从雅思阅读同义词替换(剑七TEST 4)Cambridge 7 TEST 41. large numbers of=tens of thousands of=many 大量的2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的adj.3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像v.4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人n.5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v.6. decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止v.8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的adj.9. establish=found=build=set up 建立v.10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge承认 v.12. label=display=call=brand=hail 贴标签，命名v.13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v.14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的adj.17. generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered 大体上的adv.18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前adv.19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用v.20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为21. raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up 使…上升v.22. in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well 除此之外23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民n.24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败n.25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证v.27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助v.28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认v.29. permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize 许可v.30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰v.31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复v.32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止v.33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰v.34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的adj.35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发v.36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的adj.37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的adj.38. require=demand=need=call for 要求v.39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳n.40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示v.41. concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive 专注v.42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产v.43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行v.44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行v.Cambridge 7 TEST 31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量v.3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道n.4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v.7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to 限制v.8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.9. allow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 提议n.11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的adj.12. odour=smell=stench=stink 味道n.13. find one's way=navigate 导航v.14. bearing=position=standing 方位n.15. exchange=share=distribute 分享v.16. waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash 废物n.17. dental=teeth 牙齿的adj.18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先n.19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励v.20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索v.21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素n.22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养v.23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化v.25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护v.26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.27. allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配v.28. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的adj.30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进，提高v.31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可持续的adj.33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据n.34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 21. interior=inner=inside 内部的adj.2. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变v.3. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立v.4. official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.6. collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌v.7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭v.8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收v.9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的adj.10. purify=refine=distill 净化v.11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的adj.12. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏v.14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出v.15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论v.16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应v.17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起v.18. refer to=mention=allude to=touch on 提到v.19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同v.20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求n.21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开v.22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍v.24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标n.25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行v.26. promote=encourage=help=aid 促进v.27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告v.28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入n.Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免v.3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的adj.20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认v.22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似v.23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理v.26. imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example 模仿v.27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持v.28. feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume 喂食v.29. illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明v.30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆v.31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的v.32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到v.33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持v.34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信v.35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的adj.Cambridge 6 TEST 41. drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2. promotion=marketing 营销n.3. increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v.4. research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.5. work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out 奏效v.6. technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way 技术n.7. criticism=judgement=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n.8. moral=ethical 道德的adj.9. legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.10. money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.11. adults=men and women 成人n.12. maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.13. education=literacy=cultivation 教育n.14. child=infant=kid 孩子n.15. approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.16. impressive=greatest=touching=unforgettable 印象深刻的adj.17. programme=campaign=project 项目n.18. common=persistent=normal=usual=ordinary=everyday 常见的adj.19. be halved=decline by 50% 减半20. key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.21. produce=develop=generate=engineer=manufacture 生产v.22. detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.23. on its own=alone 自身24. however=but=yet 但是25. self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.26. effective=useful=beneficial=good=needed 有效的adj.27. distinguish=recognize the difference=differentiate 区别v.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六TEST 3)Cambridge 6 TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六TEST 2)Cambridge 6 TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.Cambridge 6 TEST 1exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.expertise=skill 专门技术n.employ=analyze=study 使用v.investigation=analysis 调查n.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.funded support=finance 资金n.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.calculate=measure 计算v.event=championship 赛事n.plan=prepare=design 计划v.improve=grow=get better 进步v.trade=economy 贸易n.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.delivery=export or import 运输n.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.shipping=freight 船运n.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.supply=provision=support 供给n.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n.understanding=knowledge 了解n.well-being=health 健康n.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的present inhabitant=descendant 居民give up=abandon 放弃mainly=heavily=most 主要地visit=venture 参观雅思阅读同义词替换(剑五TEST 4)Cambridge 5 TEST 41. community=organization=group=body团体n.2. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3. remote=distant 遥远的adj.4. require=desire=order=command要求v.5. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6. consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果，因此adv.7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9. operate=act=run运转v.10. output=product输出，产品n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack打碎，打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=put down=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25. detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉，发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.Cambridge 5 TEST 31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑五TEST 2)Cambridge 5 TEST 21. similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3. impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragement 动机，动力n.4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have the distinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source资源，来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v.25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估，估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39. initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是adv.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑五TEST 1)。

Cambridge同义词替换大全；同义词替换（剑四）TEST1TEST2TEST3；同义词替换（剑五）TEST1TEST2TEST3；同义词替换（剑六）TEST1TEST2TEST3；同义词替换（剑七）TEST1TEST2TEST3；同义词替换（剑八）TEST1TEST2TEST3；Cambridge4TEST1；1.ignore=paynoattentioCambridge同义词替换大全同义词替换（剑四）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4同义词替换（剑五）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4同义词替换（剑六）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4同义词替换（剑七）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4同义词替换（剑八）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4Cambridge4 TEST11. ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take nonotice=not take any notice忽略，无视v.2. encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v.3. mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.4. easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj.5. change=modify(modification) 改变v.6. destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n.7. investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v.8. where=geographical location 表地点9. important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.10. reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n.11. protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v.12. newspapers, television=media媒体n.13. where to live=habitat居住地n.14. get warmer=global warming变暖n.15. contribute to=play a part有助于v.16. survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v.17. curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.18. link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.19. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.20. poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak 贫穷的，可怜的adj.21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admira ble超常的，例外的adj.22. mating=courtship交配.23. follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v.24. good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力25. best=well=greatest=finest=ideal= top= number one=ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj.26. surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be takenaback=startled感到惊讶的adj.27. volunteer=subject实验研究对象n.28. similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj.29. blind=can not see瞎的adj.Cambridge4 TEST21. initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be theperson who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n.2. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pickup=widen=be on theincrease=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加v.3. teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.4. more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n.5. determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v.6. young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor 年轻人n.7. community=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体，团体，社区n.8. traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable 传统的adj.9. fail=failure=notsucceed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do nogood=fall through失败v.10. endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being hurt=damaged=destroyed危及，使危险v.11. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.12. inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid不可避免的adj.13. differ from=unusual与…不同v.14. reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath to do something=conservative勉强的adj.15. consult=ask somebody's advice=seek advice=get/obtain advice 资询v.16.alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation=variant另一个17. therapist=someone who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness临床医学家n.18. retrain=taking courses再教育v.19. salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资，收入n.20.long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lifelong=pro longed=lingering=enduring=abiding=incurable长期的adj.21. complaint=complain=make acomplaint=protest=object=complain抱怨n.22. illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病n.23. connection=relationship=link=correlation联系n.24. beneficial=be good for you/ do somebodygood=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful有益的adj.25. insight=comprehension=understanding理解，见解n.26. physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的adj.27. hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍，危险n.28. accompany=with=together=along with=come wit陪伴,伴随29. mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的，心理的adj.30. possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility 可能的adj.31. reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.32. class=type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.33. rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练，演习n.34. peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social classetc同伴n.35. defensive=used or intended to protect someone or something against attack 防御n.36. strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tactics 方法，功略n.37. assist=help=aid=with the aid of帮助v.38. specific=give (somebody) more details=expand on=enlargeon=go into more=greater detail=be morespecific=be more explicit=elaborate特定的adj.39. substance=a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas 物质n.40. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.41. engage=give somebody a job=employ=takeon=appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.42. combine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v.43. survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n.Cambridge4 TEST31. quotation= a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writingbecause it is interesting or amusing 引言n.2. exemplify= example=case=instance=to be a very typical example of something=to give an example ofsomething 例证v.3. explain=tell=say what/why/where etc=show=demonstrate=go through=throw/shed light on=set out解释v.4. outline= to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details概述v.5. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end 目的n.6. encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do something=influence=encourage=talk somebodyinto=put somebody up to鼓励v.7. loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc. 贷款n.8. poverty= being poor贫穷n.9. crime= illegal activities in general犯罪n.10. reject=to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something 拒绝v.11. employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage=appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.12. courier=a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere快递员n.13. storage=keep=store=keep something in storage=preserve 存储n.14. facility=rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose 设备n.15. ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competitive= determined to be successful, rich, powerfuletc.有志向的，雄心壮志的adj.16. effort=to try very hard to do something=attempt=campaign=drive努力n.17. feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important, interesting, or typical；a part of theland, especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc特点n.18. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.19. unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it remains to be seen 无法预测的adj.20. machinery=machines, especially large ones= a system or set of processes for doingsomething=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism 机械n.21. ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in thefuture= final最终的，根本的adj.22. atmosphere= the feeling that an event or place gives you= the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth气氛;大气n.23. occur=happen=take place=there is=come about=come up=turn up=arise=strike发生v.24. expand= get bigger=grow=swell up=stretch扩张，扩大v.25. form= type= way something is/appears=shape形式n.26. emerge=appear=become visible=come into view/come into sight=come out=reappear 出现v.27. emit= to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc 发出，放射n.28. situation= circumstances=position=case=plight情况，状况n.29. self-conscious=worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you自觉的n.30. generate= to make someone have a particular feeling=form=produce=create 产生v.31. various=there are several different types of thatthing=different=a variety ofsomething=differing=varying=an assortment ofsomething=assorted=a mix of something=a mixture of something各种各样的adj.32. convenient= a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time or arrangement that isconvenient 方便的adj.33. objective=impartial=neutral=not takesides=unbiased=disinterested客观的adj.34. enquiry=investigate=make inquiries/enquiries=gointo=probe=look into=solve=be under investigation 调查35. observe=notice=can see/can tell=see=spot=detect=note become aware/conscious=catch somebody'seye=perceive观察v.36. comment=remark=thing to say=point=statement= announcement=declaration=observation评论37. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of 包含，包括v.38. focus on=deals only with=concentrate专注于v.39. affect=have an effect=have an impact=take effect= make a difference=impact影响v.40. gained from=come from=be based on=originate= go backto=have its origins in=have its roots in=derivefrom/be derived from=develop from/evolve from产生于…. V.41. concern=worry=stress=anxiety=strain= a feeling of worry about something important关心，担心n.Cambridge4 TEST41. official=formal=authorized=on (the) record官方的，正式的adj.2. athletic=physically strong and good at sport=fit=be in shape=be in good condition运动的adj.3. intensive=involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time=rapid=crash course密集的，加强的adj.4. burst=a short sudden effort or increase in activity=burst of anger/enthusiasm/temper etc 爆炸，突发5. recognize=know=identify=pick out=tell认出，承认v.6. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lack of something=be short不足的adj.7. develop=come from=be based on=originate=go back to=have its origins in=have its roots in=derive from=bederived from=be founded on=grow out of=develop from=evolve from发展，生长v.8. enable=make something possible=allow=permit=pave the way for=clear the way for使能够v.9.predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=projected=guess in advance预测v.10. specialist=someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, or is very skilled at it=expert专家n.11. theoretical=relating to the study of ideas, especially scientific ideas, rather than with practical uses of theideas or practical experience理论的adj.12.basic=fundamental=essential=central=underlying=simple=crude=primi tive=rudimentary=unsophisticated=low-tech基本的adj.13. nature=plants/animals etc=somebody's character=qualities of something=type自然n.14. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=end 目的n.15. translate=change languages=interpret=put something into English/French/Japanese etc翻译v.16. ancient=belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago 古老的adj.17. realistic=when pictures, films etc make things seemreal=lifelike=realism=true to life=vivid实际的，现实的18. field=area=branch=world=domain=realm=sphere领域n.19. document=a piece of paper that has official information on it；a piece of written work that is stored on acomputer文件n.20. equal=the same in number, amount, level etc as something else 平等的adj.21. influence=effect=side effect=impact=what something doesto=the implications 影响n.22. behavior=manner=conduct=behave=well-behaved=good=be on your best=stay out of trouble行为n.23. compare=to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different fromeach other=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel=contrast 比较v.24. economically=in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business经济上地adv.25. establish=determine=identify=pinpoint=diagnose=to start a new business or organization.建立新的生意/组织v.26. sustainable=able to continue without causing damage to the environment; able to continue for a long time可持续的adj.27. realize=know=be/become aware=can tell=appreciate=be conscious=know perfectly well=know/learn fromexperience意识到v.28. limit=restrict=set/impose/put a limit=keep to/keepwithin=confine=fix 限制29. produce=form=create=generate生产v.30. guarantee=promise=assure=give somebody yourword=swear=vow=commit to=pledge保证v.31. liberty=freedom=a free hand自由n.32. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance 独立n.33. consistent=always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc - usually used toshow approval持续的adj.34. underestimate=to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc than it really is=to think thatsomeone is not as good, clever, or skilful, as they really are低估v.35. provision=when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future 提供n.Cambridge5 TEST11. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pick up=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8.immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendo us=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=makeclear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing分心的事物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be something wrong with 错误，缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremelyinteresting吸引，使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate预期，期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conform to=observe=respect=toe the line=go by thebook/dosomethingbytheboo；26.identity=someone'side；27.severity=usedofthedeg；28.unfold=open=happen=de；29.deliberately=intentio；30.moral=relatingtothepr；andevil道德上的，与道德有关的adj.；31.priobook/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性n.28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生v.29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with the difference between goodand evil 道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31. prior to=before=previous在…前面32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复n.33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的adj.34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important牺牲v.35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者n.36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38. surrender=give in 投降，放弃v.39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的adj.40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.41. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that isstudied because it is difficult to understand 现象n.43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识，观念，看法n.44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想n.45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something 使某人有权利/资格v.46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解v.47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in theirplaces=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排，处理v.48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering thefacts=instinct 直觉n.49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物，散发物n.50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut 减少，减小v.51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟v.52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential 至关重要的adj.53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a badresult=getting worse悲观的adj.54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力Cambridge5 TEST21. similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3.impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragement 动机，动力n.4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have thedistinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source资源，来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v.25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individualviews=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to reportsomething in a way that is not completely true orcorrect=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估，估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39. initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是adv.Cambridge5 TEST31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etcand form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.Cambridge5 TEST41. community=organization=group=body团体n.2. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3. remote=distant 遥远的adj.4. require=desire=order=command要求v.5. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6. consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果，因此adv.7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9. operate=act=run运转v.10. output=product输出，产品n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack打碎，打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=putdown=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25. detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉，发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.Cambridge6 TEST11. exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.2. expertise=skill 专门技术n.3. employ=analyze=study 使用v.4. investigation=analysis 调查n.5. narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.6. reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.7. funded support=finance 资金n.8. athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.9. calculate=measure 计算v.10. event=championship 赛事n.11. plan=prepare=design 计划v.12. improve=grow=get better 进步v.13. trade=economy 贸易n.14. transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.15. local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.16. weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.17. value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.18. delivery=export or import 运输n.19. nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.20. international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.21. shipping=freight 船运n.22. cargo=freight=goods 货物n.23. tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.24.landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n.25. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.26. essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.27. supply=provision=support 供给n.28. grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v.29. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n.30. understanding=knowledge 了解n.31. well-being=health 健康n.32. impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.33. catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.34. surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.35. push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限36. not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的37. present inhabitant=descendant 居民38. give up=abandon 放弃39. mainly=heavily=most 主要地40. visit=venture 参观Cambridge6 TEST21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受（病痛）v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23.reduction=drop=conces；24.elderlypeople=oldpeop；25.independent=self-reli；26.regular=daily定期的adj.；27.exercise=physicalacti；28.challenging=difficult；29.decline=deteriorate=r；30.lon23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n. Cambridge6 TEST31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.。

雅思阅读同义词替换四项基本原则 在雅思阅读考试中，要能够正确识别⽤两种不同表达⽅式描述的同⼀事物，这就要求我们学会使⽤“同义替换”。

店铺雅思栏⽬为⼤家带来“雅思阅读同义词替换四项基本原则”，希望对⼤家有所帮助! 1词性之间的替换 词性的替换主要是指题⽬中的关键信息与原⽂中的内容在词性上做了变化⽽已。

这样的替换相对来说，难度系数偏低，只需要考⽣能够辨认出相同的词根即可。

Example 1： Cambridge8，Test3中Q35：Through mutations, organisms can 35 better to the environment.⾸先通过mutation⼀词将此填空题在原⽂定位到第C段”Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions.”然后寻找空后关键词better to，根据空格前的情态动词can推测空格处只能填⼀个动词，⽽且是原形，还要能和to搭配。

这么⼀来，这句话⾥只有⼀个对应词⽐较合适：adaption，将其变形为动词adapt即可。

Example 2： Cambridge6，Test2中Q17Q18：This is largely due to developments in 17 , but other factors such as improved 18 may also be playing a part.定位到原⽂第四段”Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. But there may be other contributing factors. Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century….”表明有些疾病是被medical advances打败的。

General Training: Reading and WritingTest ASection 11.anywhere in the UK=throughout the country2.call free=not charge3.rapid cooking times=not exceeded4.quantity=amount5.low in moisture=dry6.skin=non-porous casing7.liquid=soup, sauce and beverage8.re-heating=a second time9.keep...clean=it is wiped out regularlySection 210.rely on=depend on11.close to=near12.expensive=does not cheap13.importance=impressive14.shopping area=high street...for shops15.produce=manufacture16.delivery vehicles=vans and lorries will deliver and collect goods17.whether...could be removed to create more room=knocking down walls or by extending18.type of building alteration=have to agree to any change19.permit=it is important that contract includes detail of what will be allowed20.extensions may not be allowed=it will be much more difficult to consider change21.collect their wage=pick up the pay check22.authorise=approve23.over=more than24.extra=additional25.parking charge taken off=deduction can be made by visiting Human Resources26.calculate=work out27.fill in=complete28.what is the name=what is known asSection 329.breed=genetic quality30.drug=hashish31.most dogs are not good=ordinary dogs have a 0.1% chance of making it in drug detection32.important qualities=essential traits33.despite=without34.not easily distracted=unswerving concentration35.desire for people’s approval=must love praise36.without constant encouragement=still be able to work for long periods without it37.noisy condition=fearless enough to deal with jam-packed airport crowds and the roaring engine rooms of cargo ships38.maintain concentration=persevere and maintain focus for hours at a time39.some subjects still notice some blips=one in ten will start to miss the majority of the blipsTest BSection 11.book ahead...busier times of the year=book...in July and August2.not allowed=prohibit3.reserve the right to refuse admittance=may not allow you to camp thereSection 24.get=receive5.volunteer=those engaged in unpaid work6.at the start of a job=in the first 6 months of a job7.speak to=talk directly with8.look at=inspect9.boss’s=employer’s10.specified period of time=14-day notice period11.need=requireplex=complicated13.give the sender=tell the recipientSection 314.roads leading to the bridge=approach road15.the furnace...originally...constructed=...and built a furnace16.close to the traffic=open only to pedestrian17.no written evidence=it has been been a mystery18.money=fund19.iron maker=iron making20.other painting=similar sketch21.method to raise money=funded the bridge by commissioning paintings and engravings22.connect=fit together。