专题五 动词和动词短语

专题05 动词和动词短语动词和动词短语的含义之多会令考生感到无所适从，高考常涉及对熟词新义的考查，对考生提出了新的要求，也体现了课本与高考的差距。

因此在学习过程中，我们一定要做到：1．对词汇短语的学习不应局限于课本所出现的含义，要注意一词多义以及从本义向引申义的扩展。

2．平时要留心积累。

处处留心皆学问，要善于从熟悉的单词或短语中发现“风景”。

3．要备有一本实用的词典，最好是英汉双解的，并做到“勤查广记”，争取做到“磨出一手老茧，翻烂一本词典”。

4．注意词的各种含义间的渗透和连贯。

该部分常考的命题形式：(1)动词词义的辨析(2)动词短语的用法及区别，常考的形式有：①同一动词＋不同介词/副词of successes and failures at the end of year will help ________your year ahead.A．shape B．switchC．stretch D．sharpen【提分秘籍】1．表示转变的系动词是指表示主语从一种状态到另一种状态，但侧重于转变后的结果的系动词。

这类系动词有：become，get，grow，turn，go，fall，come，prove等。

使用时要注意：(1)become，get，grow，turn，go都可作“变”解，但有细微的差别：become，get通常表示变化后的最终结果，可指向好的方面转变，也可指向坏的方面转变；get比较口语化，become还可接名词(可与冠词连用)；grow强调逐渐变化的过程；turn后接单数名词，并不可与冠词连用；go多指向坏的方面转变，可能是永久性的或难以扭转的。

如：①It becomes clear that people who snore always fall asleep first.事实已清楚，打呼噜的人总是先睡着。

②Potatoes are going bad in the soil because of such bad weather.由于坏天气，马铃薯烂在地里了。

【母题再现】题型介绍：动词短语和动词词义辨析考点，是英语高考必考点之一。

在高考中主要考查点有：动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析。

命题形式：本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.完形填空。

高考选题：题型1：【2022·天津卷】9. My parents always _______ great importance to my getting a good education.A. haveB. attachC. acceptD. pay题型2：【2022·江西卷】27. Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s ___some serious work.A. come up withB. get down toC. do away withD. live up to题型3：【2022·山东卷】完形填空Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While 21 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) 22 in medicine. At 18 she married and 23 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 24 . Her husband supported her decision.25 , Canadian medical schools did not 26 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 27 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to28 her medical degree.Upon graduation, Charlotte 29 to Montreal and set up a private 30 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 31 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 32 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 33 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 34 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 35 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to36 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to 38 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 39 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.In 1993, 77 years after her 40 , a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”【小题1】21. A. raising B. teaching C. nursing D. missing【小题2】22. A. habit B. interest C. opinion D. voice【小题3】23. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started【小题4】24. A. doctor B. musician C. lawyer D. physicist 【小题5】25. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. Otherwise D. Eventually 【小题6】26. A. hire B. entertain C. trust D. accept 【小题7】27. A. history B. physics C. medicine D. law【小题8】28. A. improve B. save C. design D. earn【小题9】29. A. returned B. escaped C. spread D. wandered 【小题10】30. A. school B. museum C. clinic D. lab【小题11】31. A. busy B. wealthy C. greedy D. lucky【小题12】32. A. helped B. found C. troubled D. imagined 【小题13】33. A. harmful B. tired C. broken D. weak【小题14】34. A. put away B. taken over C. turned in D. applied for 【小题15】35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired【小题16】36. A. display B. change C. preview D. complete 【小题17】37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure【小题18】38. A. sell B. donate C. issue D. show【小题19】39. A. continued B. promised C. pretended D. dreamed 【小题20】40. A. birth B. death C. wedding D. graduation点评：本题有11出考查动词及动词短语的辨析。

专题五动词和动词短语1.【2014届吉林省东北四校协作体高三联合考试】It’s hard to tell real Jingd ezhen vases, and it’sa little more difficult for the untrained shopper to______.A. dismissB. distinguishC. seekD. shelter1．【解析】B考查动词词义辨析。

句意：很难分辨真正的景德镇花瓶,对于未经训练的购物者来区分它更困难。

dismiss解散，解雇；distinguish区分，辨别；seek寻求，寻找；shelter 庇护，保护。

根据句意应选B项。

2.【2014届河北衡水中学高三上期二调考试】That car accid ent _________all his life. After that he was limited to a wheel chair.A. damagedB. destroyedC. harmedD. ruined2．【解析】D考查动词词义辨析。

句意：这次交通事故毁了他的一生，在那之后，他就被限制在了轮椅上。

damage损坏（程度较轻）；destroy严重损坏（程度较重，多指事物的损坏）；harm对---有害；ruin毁灭。

此处应是交通事故。

故选D。

3．【2014届湖北孝感高级中学高三调研考试】We woul d appreciate it if customers don’t______ to leave their suggestions and expectations for our product.A. hesitateB. pretendC. und ertakeD. offer3．【解析】A考查动词辨析。

句意：如果顾客可以好不犹豫的把建议和对产品的期望留下，我们会感激的。

hesitate犹豫，迟疑；pretend假装；undertake承担，承诺；offer提供，故选A项。

高中英语语法系统讲解之五动词和动词短语动词一. 动词的分类方法1. 根据词汇意义可将动词分为以下两类：○1状态动词：be，love，think，stay，remain，stand，sit，lie等○2动作动词：work，stay，sleep，arrive，finish，lend，open等温馨提示：动作动词又可分为延续性动词（动作可以持续一段时间）与非延续性动词（表示短暂的动作，不能持续）。

2. 根据动词的语法功能，动词的分类情况如下：温馨提示：其中行为动词可根据其后是否带宾语，将其分成及物动词与不及物动词两类。

有时同一动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。

二. 动词的语法功能及基本用法动词在句中起两种作用，即：作谓语和非谓语。

动词作谓语，必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，具有表示时态、语态、语气等方面的语法特征。

She sings very well. She wants to learn English well.Seeing is believing. We’re thinking of making a new plan for the next term.三. 连系动词的用法1. 状态系动词只有be一词。

如He is a teacher.2. 持续系动词继续保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand。

如He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.3. 表像系动词“看起来像”，主要有seem，appear，look。

如He looks very tired. He seems (to be) very sad.4. 感官系动词feel，smell，sound，taste。

如This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.5. 变化系动词become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run。

2020年中考英语语法复习方案5《动词与动词短语》【趋势解读】动词是英语中最核心的词类，历来是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词，可以说掌握好了动词，就具备了在英语考试中取得成功的基础。

在选拔性的考试中，重在考查在具体的语境中动词的辨析，主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析，是考试中的难点之一。

因此，考生在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词词组的学习、理解、整理和记忆，不断积累动词相关知识，进而在考试时做到得心应手。

在单项选择中的分值在3~5分。

预计中考关于本专题知识命题趋势如下:(1)各地中考动词考查依旧会是热点。

预计中考依然将重点考查动词及其短语的辨析，突出语境的重要作用。

(2)自主招生考试会更多侧重于动词及短语的引申意义，突显考生对动词知识的灵活运用和正迁移能力。

【思维引导】精彩笔记1 实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。

按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词:按其持续性可分为延续性和非延续性动词。

1.不及物动词(1)本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语的实义动词，叫作不及物动词。

如:He is jumping.常见不及物动词有:swim游泳，cry哭，stand站，lie躺，sit坐，stay停留，flow流淌,happen 发生，rise升起、站起，fall掉、落下，die死，walk走。

(2)有些动词既可以用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词。

如:Have you started reading? When will we start？你们开始阅读了吗，我们什么时候开始？(3)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，它的作用就相当于一个及物动词，也叫短语动词。

主要有五种形式:动词+介词;动词+副词;动词+副词+介词;动词+名词+介词;be+形容词+介词。

2.及物动词及物动词术身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

其结构有:宾语如:How long may I keep the book(宾语)，这本书我可以借多久?及物动词+ 宾语+宾语补足语如:I saw the children(宾语)play(宾补)this afternoon.间接宾语+直接宾语如:Please pass me(间接宾语)the salt(直接宾语)。

专题05 单项选择之动词、动词短语、情态动词【要点提炼】考点扫描考点：实义动词、动词短语、情态动词分析近年中考真题可知，动词与动词短语每年必考5—8道。

具体考查角度如下：1. 动词为必考点，考查角度为动词词义辨析和根据上下文填写适当的动词。

动词词义辨析主要是不同动词的词义辨析，还有少量考查近义动词（如＂借＂、＂说＂、＂看＂等）及感官动词辨析，设题在单项选择和完形填空中。

短文填空主要考查动词的一般用法。

2. 动词短语为必考点，考查角度为动词短语辨析和根据汉语提示完成动词短语的翻译。

动词短语辨析主要在单项选择中设题，完形填空少量设题。

完成句子主要考查动词短语的翻译，一般考查动词＋介词的形式，如 get up, hear from等。

解题技巧技巧一：近几年中考对动词的语境辨析考查较多，学生在做题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中的关键信息，并分析各选项的意思，同时结合日常生活经验和知识积累，根据句子语境或上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，从而选择正确的动词。

技巧二：对动词短语的考查以在语境中的动词短语辨析为主。

解答此类题首先要熟悉语境，然后分析每个选项的具体意思，同时掌握动词短语的常用搭配及习惯表达，这样才能做对题。

同时，要熟记常考动词短语的拼写，为完成句子打好基础。

技巧三：情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。

【专题真题训练】1.【凉山州】We should keep quiet in the library. We speak loudly.A. mustB. mustn’tC. canD. needn’t2.【新疆维吾尔族自治区】David, you please sweep the floor and take out the trash?A. couldB. mayC. mightD. must3.【湖北省宜昌】— A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.—Wow, the unexpected guest welcomed.A. will beB. must beC. won’t beD. mustn’t be4.【四川省眉山市】— I can’t find my phone anywhere.— You have lost it while shopping.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would5.【湖北省咸宁市】— Listen! Is Sarah singing in the neighbor room?— No. It be Sarah. She has gone to Italy.A. needn’tB. may notC. can’tD. won’t6.【襄阳市】— The driver be hurt badly in the accident.— That’s true. Let’s send him to the hospital as soon as possible.A. needB. can’tC. mustD. may not7.【大庆市】How long will it ____ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown?A. spendB. takeC. payD. use8.【广西北部湾经济区】—Must I hand in the homework right now?—________. That’s the rule.A. Yes, you can.B. No, you can't.C. Yes, you mustD. No, you mustn’t.9.【贵州省毕节市】— I take the magazine out of the reading room?— I’m sorry you .A. Could; couldn’tB. Must; couldn’tC. Will; can’tD. May; can’t10.【大庆市】We ____ pay to get into the concert, because it’s free.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. don’t need toD. might not11.【四川省广元市】We’d better __________ our sports meeting because it’s going to rain.A. put onB. put upC. put off12.【广西贵港市】—Joe，don't eat too much ice-cream．—OK，mom．But it really good．A．feels B．looks C．tastes D．sounds 13.【贵阳市】Dad，my bike is broken. I use yours?”“Sure! It's in the backyard.”A. MustB. ShouldC. May14.【广西河池市】—Is that red schoolbag Mary’s?—It _______ be hers. She hates that color.A. mayB. mustC. can’tD. might15.【河南省】Jerry didn’t pay me back, but he promised that he this Sunday.A. mustB. couldC. wouldD. should16.【四川省达州市】—Can I _____________ Robinson Crusoe? Mrs. Zhao．—Sure，it's very interesting，but you can only ______________it for two weeks．A．borrow；lend B．lend；borrowC．borrow；keep D．lend；keep17.【辽宁省本溪市】The man _______ be a doctor in this hospital，but I'm not sure．A．must B．would C．can D．might18.【四川省内江市】—_______I return the books this week?—No, you _______. You can do that next week?A. Must; can’tB. May; needn’tC. Need; mustn’tD. Must; needn’t19.【天水市】—Listen! Is that Linda playing the piano in the room?—No. It be Linda, she has gone to London,A. may notB. needn’tC. can’tD. mustn’t20.【江苏省无锡市】With their new lock, you __________ search for keys in your bag any more. Isn’t it cool?A. needn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t21.【新疆维吾尔族自治区】Not only Jack but also I crazy about the football match.A. amB. isC. areD. be22.【新疆维吾尔族自治区】—I’m afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please _____ him to _____ a little.A. ask；turn it downB. allow；turn it onC. tell；turn it upD. advise；turn it off23.【新疆维吾尔族自治区】Mum likes soap operas. Let's buy a TV for her.A. becomingB. watchingC. lookingD. smelling24.【内蒙古呼和浩特市】—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school.—Sorry. I have ______Frank to work on the biology report with him.A. AdviseB. expectedC. suggestedD. promised25.【湖北省宜昌市】—Shall we________the things we don’t use to the people in need?—Good idea.A. put offB. set outC. get intoD. give away26.【湖北省宜昌】—About 20 million people in the world have no enough safe drinking water.—So we should how to deal with the problems of water.A. put onB. look afterC. think aboutD. get on with27.【湖南省岳阳市】The volunteers _____ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.A．look after B．look for C．look through28.【贵州省安顺市】—I don't think teachers should give too much homework to_______ the free time of students.A. give upB. take upC. look upD. put up29.【四川省眉山市】—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”?— Let me the words in the new dictionary.A. look atB. look forC. look afterD. look up30.【湖北省咸宁市】— Jimmy, the books are everywhere in your study.— Sorry, Mom. I’ll____at once.A. put them onB. put them awayC. put them outD. put them up31. 【襄阳市】— Does the old man have to his wife?— Yes. They have no children to depend on.A. look afterB. look forC. look upD. look like40.【襄阳市】— Your sister _ your mother very much.— Many people regard them as sisters when they hang out together.A. cares forB. takes afterC. helps outD. believes in41.【湖南省益阳市】—Kate, _________ the TV, please. It's time to go to bed.—OK, mom.A. turn onB. turn offC. turn up42.【江苏省南京市】Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _____which university is thebest for her to attend．A．put out B．stay outC．find out D．run out。

专题五动词与动词短语1.【2013·江苏省泰州市高三上学期期末考试】The local people continued tothe bettermanagement of the limited water resources in the area．A .answer for B．push for C．account for D．cater for 【解析】B考查动词短语辨析。

句意：当地人继续努力争取更好地管理这个地区的有限的水资源。

answer for因……而受罚，对……负责； push for奋力争取； account for是……的原因，导致； cater for满足〔需要〕，迎合，为〔宴会、婚礼等〕提供食品、服务。

根据题意可知选B项。

2. 【2013·湖北荆州中学第一次质检】The principle that all teachers, regardless ofsubject, should ________ basic standards of competence in maths and English is already accepted by GCSE requirements.A. attainB. adoreC. adoptD. assess【解析】A考查动词词义辨析。

句意：所有的教师在数学和英语方面都应该达到根本的能力标准的原如此已经被英国普通中等教育证书要求所承受。

此处attain意为：达到，获得。

Adore崇拜；喜爱；adopt采用；收养；assess评定。

3.【2013·河北省五校联盟调研考试】John has put on so much weight recently that hismother has to ______ all his trousers to his measure.A. let outB. give awayC. bring inD. make up【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。

2021版高考英语大二轮复习第一部分语篇填空和短文改错专题五动词和动词短语（完形填空语篇填空短文改错）优选习题A级基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2020湖北黄冈中学三模)In the course of serving tea,the host should take careful notice of how much water is(remain) in the cups and in the kettle.答案remaining2.There should be more and more cultural exchanges between us so as to(deep)our understanding of each other.答案deepen3.(2020陕西西安二模) Li Hua read her diary entry from the previous day,which (say):“I realize that as well as making time for my friends,I should also hav e some time to myself.”答案said4.The new electric bicycles (sell) well and (sell) out within two days.答案sold;were sold5.A lady (appear) suddenly in front of me,and asked for a help, (appear) anxious.答案appeared;appearing6.No matter what difficulty you will meet ,carry out your plan.答案with7.If the day turns wet we may have to change our plans.答案out8.During the experiment,we should take notice what our teacher does.答案of9.We should take account the proposals of our parents and so should they.答案into10.Students should be freed endless examination and homework.答案fromⅡ.单句改错1.Please hand on the papers to those seating at the back of the classroom.答案seating→seated或sitting2.Greater changes had been happened than I expected when I returned to my hometown last year.答案去掉been3.Bob has visited to many regions of China and is deeply impressed with its rapid development.答案去掉to4.I was about to go shopping that afternoon,but it was occurred to me that I had an appointment with my dentist.答案去掉第二个was5.How nice it was felt to have a cup of iced coffee in such hot weather!答案去掉was6.I had to look through my paper again for I happened to take notice several spelling mistakes.答案notice后加of7.On arriving at the farm,we were divided into four groups and begun to help the farmers with their harvest.答案begun→began8.As a student,you should to put your heart into your lessons and live up to your parents’ expectations.答案去掉should后的to9.All my classmates are busy preparing the following end-of-term examination.答案preparing后加for10.When meeting with difficulty,you should talk to family members and friends to reducing the stress,maybe they can give you some practical advice.答案reducing→reduceB级能力提升Ⅲ.完形填空(2020河北衡水中学押题卷)Experts say boredom is good for kids.It forces them to be creative, 1 their imaginations,and helps them discover new things.A(n) 2 in point is 13-year-old Luke Thrill from Dubuque,Iowa.Luke was 3 of playing video games and riding his bike,so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead.He made money from cutting lawns(草坪)and 4 exchanged some services,such as gaining the help of an electrical engineer 5 sweeping his garage.Luke also 6 spare materials from his grandmother’s house and other 7 materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.The 89-square-foot home cost $1,500 to build and 8 18 months.Inside there’s a kitchenette,a back sitting room,a table and a mounted(镶嵌的)TV,and an upstairs bedroom can be easily 9 by stairway.Although Luke did the 10 and learned how to do all the work,he had his father’s 11 throughout the project.Greg Thrill was very happy that his son learned to stay on 12 and deal with grown-ups.13 ,he had some simple rules when Luke 14 the house:“You 15 the money.You build it.And you own it.”Luke is now in love with 16 .He has a YouTube channel and hopes to 17other kids to start building.18 ,he wants to build a bigger tiny house to livein,but for now,he 19 in his new home a few nights a week,does homework there,and uses it to take a 20 from his twin brother.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

2020年中考英语语法复习方案5《动词与动词短语》【趋势解读】动词是英语中最核心的词类，历来是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词，可以说掌握好了动词，就具备了在英语考试中取得成功的基础。

在选拔性的考试中，重在考查在具体的语境中动词的辨析，主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析，是考试中的难点之一。

因此，考生在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词词组的学习、理解、整理和记忆，不断积累动词相关知识，进而在考试时做到得心应手。

在单项选择中的分值在3~5分。

预计中考关于本专题知识命题趋势如下:(1)各地中考动词考查依旧会是热点。

预计中考依然将重点考查动词及其短语的辨析，突出语境的重要作用。

(2)自主招生考试会更多侧重于动词及短语的引申意义，突显考生对动词知识的灵活运用和正迁移能力。

【思维引导】精彩笔记1 实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。

按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词:按其持续性可分为延续性和非延续性动词。

1.不及物动词(1)本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语的实义动词，叫作不及物动词。

如:He is jumping.常见不及物动词有:swim游泳，cry哭，stand站，lie躺，sit坐，stay停留，flow流淌,happen 发生，rise升起、站起，fall掉、落下，die死，walk走。

(2)有些动词既可以用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词。

如:Have you started reading? When will we start？你们开始阅读了吗，我们什么时候开始？(3)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，它的作用就相当于一个及物动词，也叫短语动词。

主要有五种形式:动词+介词;动词+副词;动词+副词+介词;动词+名词+介词;be+形容词+介词。

2.及物动词及物动词术身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

其结构有:宾语如:How long may I keep the book(宾语)，这本书我可以借多久?及物动词+ 宾语+宾语补足语如:I saw the children(宾语)play(宾补)this afternoon.间接宾语+直接宾语如:Please pass me(间接宾语)the salt(直接宾语)。

2010高考二轮复习英语教案专题五动词和动词短语【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下：1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义；2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式；3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析；4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get 常见的用法；6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。

【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。

主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面:1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法；6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set等）【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。

【知识网络】动词和动词短语一、动词的分类根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类：1.行为动词（实义动词）①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）2.系动词①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound②表示状态的变化：turn, go, become, get, fall, grow③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay3.助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)二、动词及动词短语（一）、动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。