杨立民《现代大学英语精读(3)》(第2版)【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit 9)

Unit4一、词汇短语Text Abeard[]vt.公然反对；抓…的胡须n.胡须；颌毛vi.充当掩护；充当男随员【例句】He razors his beard every morning.他每天早晨刮胡子。

scratch[]v.抓，搔；乱写，划n.抓，搔；起跑线【例句】He scratched the insect bite on his leg(with his nails).他（用指甲）挠他腿上被虫咬的地方。

【词组】start from scratch从头做起，从零开始from scratch白手起家；从头做起on scratch准时，正点【助记】sc（谐音：撕）+rat（老鼠）+ch（拼音：吃）→老鼠撕东西吃→发出刮擦声【派生】scratchy adj.潦草的；草率的；发刮擦声的fountain[]n.泉水；喷泉，喷水池【例句】In the center of the garden，there is a fountain.花园中央有一个喷泉。

olive[]n.橄榄树，橄榄色；（象征和平的）橄榄枝adj.橄榄的，橄榄色的【例句】The olive leaf is a badge of peace.橄榄叶是和平的象征。

scoop[]n.铲子；勺子；独家新闻v.用勺子舀，用铲子铲；抢先获得；抢先报道【例句】She scooped all the national newspapers to get the story.她抢在全国各报之前发表了这一消息。

【词组】scoop out舀出，挖出；接应scoop up用铲子取；兜接，舀上来one scoop of coffee一勺咖啡scoop in筹集，赚钱stroll[]n.散步，闲逛v.散步，遛达【例句】The boy was strolling in the street.男孩在街上闲逛。

【词组】take/have/go for a stroll闲逛，散步，漫步【助记】st（联想：街道）+roll（滚动）→在大街上缓缓滚动→散步。

Unit6一、词汇短语Text Aheroin[]n.海洛因，二乙酰吗啡【例句】Heroin is one of the most harmful narcotic drugs.海洛因是危害性最大的麻醉毒品之一。

kick[]v.踢，踢中n.踢，踢伤【例句】I knocked him down and gave him a kick.我把他打倒并踢了他一脚。

【词组】kick oneself严厉自责kick in踢开；支付；开始生效；腿打水游进；死亡kick out解雇；开除；把球踢出界sane[]adj.神志清楚的，头脑清楚的；明智的，合情合理的【例句】It’s hard to stay sane under such awful pressure.处于这种可怕的压力之下，不疯才怪呢。

【助记】san三，e鹅：喝了酒后还能数出来有三只鹅——神智清醒的。

【派生】sanity n.明智；头脑清楚；精神健全；通情达理alcoholic[]adj.酒精的，含酒精的n.酗酒者，酒鬼【例句】Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。

insight[]n.洞察力，见识【例句】The book shows deep insights into human character.这本书显示了对人性极深的洞察力。

【词组】gain/have an insight into了解，熟悉；看透，识破【助记】in里面+sight看到里面，看到事情的本质的→洞察力divine[]adj.神圣的；非凡的；天赐的；极好的vt.占卜；预言；用占卜勘探vi.占卜；预言；使用占卜勘探矿n.牧师；神学家【例句】①That play we saw last night was just simply divine!我们昨晚看的那出戏实在是太好了！②At last I divined the truth.最后我发现了事情的真相。

Unit3一、词汇短语Text Adecorate[]vt.装饰；布置；授勋给vi.装饰；布置【例句】They decorated a street with flags.他们用旗帜装饰街道。

【词组】decorate with以…来装饰【助记】decor（装饰）+ate（做）→装饰，点缀【派生】decoration n.装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章peel[]vi.剥掉；脱落vt.削…的皮，剥…的壳n.果皮【例句】Her sunburned skin began to peel.她那经日光曝晒的皮肤开始脱落。

【词组】peel off剥掉；脱去peel sth.(for sb.)除掉（水果等）的皮【助记】皮（p）为剥皮（peel），街道（st）为钢铁（steel）。

veil[]n.（妇女的）面纱，面罩；（喻）遮蔽物v.用面纱掩盖；掩饰【例句】Some women wear veils when going out for religious reasons.由于宗教原因，有些妇女出门时要戴面纱。

【词组】under the veil of以…为借口【助记】音：围，围着的面纱bear[]n.熊；脾气坏的人v.负担，忍受；结（果实）；怀有【例句】If you really bear down,you will finish the task.如果你真的全力以赴，你就能完成这项工作。

【词组】bear down击败，征服bear on/upon对…有影响，和…有关bear fruit实现bear in mind铭记【助记】分析：b—近似数字6；ear—耳朵；记忆方法：6只耳朵的熊。

loathe[]v.憎恨，厌恶【例句】loathe having to go to these conferences.我最讨厌的是得参加这些会议.【搭配】a loathing for sth.对…怀有强烈的反感tap[]n.塞子，旋塞，水龙头；轻拍，轻叩；窃听v.轻打，轻敲，轻拍；利用，开发；窃听【例句】The teacher tapped her fingers on the desk impatiently.老师不耐烦地用手指敲着桌子。

杨立民《现代大学英语精读（3）》（第2版）【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（Unit1）Unit1一、词汇短语Text Acrisis[]n.危机；危险期；决定性时刻adj.危机的；用于处理危机的【例句】Affair have reached a crisis.事情已经发展到了紧要关头。

endeavor[]n.&v.努力，尽力，力图【例句】We must always endeavour to improve our work.我们任何时候都要努力改进自己的工作。

【词组】make one’s(best)endeavor(s)尽全力，竭力【助记】end（最后）+eavor（联想favor）→最后，缘分使努力成为现实。

perceive[]v.感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one?你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？【词组】perceive sth.as sth.理解或领悟某事物；认为【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。

【派生】perception n.知觉；[生理]感觉；看法；洞察力；获取encyclopedia/encyclopaedia[]n.百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts.词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。

genetic[]adj.遗传的，起源的【例句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionaryconsequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

【词组】genetic material遗传物质；基因材料genetic information遗传信息【派生】genetical adj.遗传的；起源的；创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）+ticendow[]v.资助，捐赠；（with）给予，赋予【例句】Nature endowed her with a beautiful singing voice.大自然赋予她一副美妙的歌喉。

Unit2一、词汇短语Text Asaint[]n.圣人，基督教徒；道德崇高的人adj.神圣的【例句】His silly chatter would vex a saint.他说的话很无聊，多有涵养的人也得气得发火。

convent[]n.女修道会，女修道院【例句】On the way to the station he stopped at Shemardino convent to see his sister.路途中，他在舍马尔基诺修道院下站，去看望他的妹妹。

prance[]v.昂首阔步；欢呼雀跃【例句】The children were prancing about with delight.孩子们高兴得蹦蹦跳跳。

【派生】prancer n.腾跃前进的人；舞蹈者；欢跃者【助记】原指：马后足立地的腾跃。

literacy[]n.有文化，有教养；有读写能力【例句】Literacy is an essential foundation for development and prosperity.识字是发展和繁荣必不可少的基础。

curl[]v.（使）卷曲；卷曲，扭曲n.卷发；卷曲状；卷曲物【例句】The wave curled over the surfer.波浪从冲浪运动员头上盘旋而过。

【词组】curl up蜷缩【派生】curly adj.卷曲的；卷毛的barrel[]n.桶；枪管，炮管vt.把…装入桶内vi.快速移动【例句】The cement is barreled.水泥已经装桶了。

【派生】barreled adj.桶装的；有管的sling[]n.绷带；责难v.扔，甩；投进，投掷；悬挂【例句】The line of flags was slung up between two trees.一排旗帜悬挂在两棵树之间。

【搭配】sling someone out赶走某人，驱逐某人lure[]n.吸引力，魅力；诱惑物vt.引诱，吸引【例句】The enticement of the big city lure her away from her home.大城市的种种诱惑吸引了她离家出走。

Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Astatuette [] n. 小雕像【词组】a china statuette瓷雕【例句】A china statuette of a shepherdess stood on the table. 桌上有一个牧羊女的小瓷像。

eternal [] adj. 永恒的，不朽的；无穷的，无限的【例句】①She felt eternal gratitude to him for saving her life. 她终生感激他的救命之恩。

②I am tired of your eternal arguments. 我讨厌你那没完没了的争论。

【助记】外部(external)世界是永恒的(eternal)诱惑【派生】eternally adv. 永恒地；不朽地eternity n. 来世，来生；不朽；永世lest [] conj. 惟恐，免得【例句】He took a flashlight lest it should get dark before he returned.为了预防回来以前天就黑了，所以他带着手电筒。

leopard [] n. 豹；美洲豹【词组】snow leopard 雪豹spring [] n. 春天；弹簧，发条，弹性；根源，源泉；泉水v. 跳，跃，使跳跃【例句】She sprang out of her chair to greet her father. 她从椅子上跳起来迎接她父亲。

【词组】in spring 在春天spring up 涌现，发生，出现spring from 起源于，出身于spring sth. on sb. 向某人突然说出或提出某事物（令人惊奇或猝不及防）muscular [] adj. 肌肉的；肌肉发达的；强健的【例句】Like most female athletes, she was lean and muscular.像大多数女运动员一样，她精瘦而健壮。

第一课大学时代鲍勃K哈特曼1.你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。

2.在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。

当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。

重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。

皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。

人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。

人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。

3.学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。

这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。

事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。

高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。

这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。

但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。

4.1984年4月杰利弗K A K霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。

第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。

第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。

第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。

例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。

Unit13一、词汇短语Text Areproduce[]v.生殖；翻版；繁殖；复制，仿造【例句】Birds reproduce by laying eggs.鸟类通过产卵繁殖。

【助记】re（一再）+produce（生产）→不断生产→繁殖，生殖【派生】reproductive adj.生殖的；再生的；复制的reproduction n.繁殖，生殖；复制；复制品instruction[]n.指示，命令；教育，指导；[pl.]用法说明（书），操作指南【例句】①The doctor’s instructions must be fulfilled exactly.医生的指示必须严格遵行。

②Read the instructions on the pocket.看一下袋子上的说明。

【助记】音“因斯抓客神”。

解：因斯，因此。

因此能抓住顾客的眼神，就是好说明书。

现代经济很大程度上是眼球经济，谁抓了顾客的眼神，就会获得利益。

fulfill[]vt.完成；履行；实践；满足【例句】The company has to fulfill the terms of its obligation.这个公司必须履行合同条款。

【词组】fulfill oneself完全实现自己的抱负to fulfil a contract履行合同【助记】full满+fill充满→满足【派生】fulfillment n.履行；实行attach[]v.附属；贴，连接；使依恋，使喜爱【例句】I am attached to my family.我对我的家依依不舍。

【词组】be attached to认为重要attach to属于，与…有关；加入，参加attach label to parcel给包裹贴标签【助记】a+touch一接触就连上了，火车车厢一touch两车厢就挂上了【派生】attached adj.附加的；依恋的，充满爱心的attachment n.附件；依恋；连接物；扣押财产emphasize[]v.强调，着重【例句】He emphasized the need for hard work.他强调了努力工作的必要性。

现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译Unit 1 The Power of Music Music is a powerful art form that can bring up emotions, inspire motivation and alter your mood. Studies have shown that music can improve the quality of your life. Listening to music can reduce stress and anxiety, help you sleep better and even increase your memory.音乐的力量音乐是一种强大的艺术形式，可以带来情绪、激发动力，并改变你的情绪。

研究表明，音乐可以提高生活质量。

听音乐可以减轻压力和焦虑，帮助你更好地入睡，甚至增强记忆力。

Unit 2 Healthy Eating Habits Eating healthy foods is important for everyone. Eating a balanced diet of fruits, vegetables, grains and proteins helps us maintain a healthy weight, get enough energy and keep our bodies strong. It's also important to limit unhealthy foods like processed snacks and sugary drinks. Making small changes inyour diet can lead to big improvements in your health.健康的饮食习惯对每个人来说，吃健康的食物都很重要。

Unit 1Text A课文内容全解1. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? (L.3, Para.1)adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n. the state of being an adult成年：Many people are able to maintainfriendships into adulthood.很多人能够把友谊维持到成年。

2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. (L.1, Para.2) 【英释】During this period, students are experiencing an identity crisis and are trying to find out who they are and what their strong and weak points are.3. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. (L.3, Para.4) 【英释】First, there is functional independence, which includes how an individual can handle his or her practical and personal affairs, such as learning how to spend money wisely, choosing his or her own clothes, and deciding what he or she is going to do every day.4.Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistr ust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” (L.12, Para.4) 【英释】Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not been fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this.5. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. (L.1, Para.6)affection/əˈfekʃn/n.①a gentle feeling of caring and loving喜爱；钟爱：She has great affectionfor her little brother.她很疼爱她的弟弟。