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高考英语一轮复习语法专题情态动词外研版

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语法专题六情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气和情绪，本身词义不全，不能单独作谓语，后面必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。

情态动词没有人称和数的变化，但有的情态动词有过去式。

考点一can与could1．表示能力，但could主要指过去的能力。

表示“过去有能力成功做成某事”时通常用was/were able to。

The little boy can speak two foreign languages.Could the girl read before she went to school?Everyone was able to escape when the fire broke out.2．表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上，并不涉及此事真的发生），常译为“往往会，有时候可能会”，常用于肯定句中。

Accidents can happen on rainy days.3．表示请求和允许。

在问句中could语气比can要委婉。

You can go back home now.4．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。

主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

How can you be so careless?5．表示推测，常用于否定句和疑问句中，语气较强。

He can't be in the classroom；the light is not on.6．cannot/never...too/enough...表示“再……也不为过”。

You can never be too careful when driving a car.7．cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth./cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不，只好做某事”。

You cannot choose but go with me.考点二shall1．用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等；此外，颁布法律、规定时也用shall。

The new law shall come into effect next mont h.2．用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方指示。

Shall the man standing outside have a try?考点三must1．表示主观上的“必须，应该”，其否定形式mustn't表示禁止。

对比：have to表示客观上的“不得不”，可用于各种时态。

You must listen carefully in class.Students mustn't play with mobile phones in class.I had lost my key，so I had to wait outdoors.2．表示“非要，偏要”做某事，表达出说话者的一种不满情绪。

Why must you be talking so loudly when others are sleeping?3．表示对具体事情的推测，意为“一定，肯定”，语气较强，只用于肯定句中。

He must come from America.考点四should1．表示义务，常译为“应该”，用于各种人称。

Parents should take care of their babies.2．表示预测可能性，译为“可能，（按道理）应该”，多指对未来合乎理想的情况或结果的一种期盼。

It's nearly 8 o'clock.He should be here at the moment.3．表示惊讶、意外等，常译为“竟然，居然”。

I am surprised that you should speak ill of me.4．用在if条件句中，表示可能性很小的一种虚拟语气，常译为“如果”。

If I should see him，I would tell him the news.考点五will与would1．表示意愿，用于各种人称的陈述句中。

would常指过去的意愿。

If you will read the book，I'll give it to you.2．表示请求，用于疑问句。

would语气较委婉。

Will you close the window?3．表示某种倾向或习惯性动作，常译为“总是，惯于”。

would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，后面接表示动作的动词，不能接表示状态的词。

对比：used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，强调现在已不存在。

He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours.考点六may与might1．表示请求、允许、许可，might比may语气委婉。

You may use my bike.2．表示推测，常用于陈述句中，语气比较弱，把握性不大。

might语气比may还要弱。

He may go out.3．may as well＋动词原形，意为“最好，倒不如……”。

You may as well do it at once.4．may well＋动词原形，意为“完全能，很可能”。

Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize at first sight.5．may用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。

May you return in safety.考点七need 与dare1．二者都可以作为情态动词和行为动词。

当作情态动词时，后面要接动词原形，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。

用作行为动词时，其变化和一般的动词相同，有人称和数的变化，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do，does，did。

dare用作行为动词，用于否定句和疑问句时，常省略后面的to。

You needn't hurry；he needs to dress up.The little didn't dare（to）go out at night alone.2．need作行为动词时，若主语为动作的承受者时用动词的主动形式表示被动意义或用不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing.＝The house needs to be repaired.3．I dare say为习惯说法，意为“我想，大概”。

I dare say she dare not speak to her father in this manner.考点八情态动词表推测1．can，may，must皆可用来表示推测。

1）在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能性。

在含义上“must”语气最肯定，“may”表示不太肯定的可能性，而can表示理论上的可能性。

2）在否定句中只能用“can not”和“may not”。

“can't”（不可能）语气比“may not”（可能不、也许不）更强。

3）在疑问句中只能用“can”，不能用“may”和“must”。

Accidents can happen on such snowy days.Look，there is some blood on the road；an accident must have ha ppened just now.But it can't have been Mike，for I saw him in the school.2．should 与ought to 可以表示对未来情况的一种期盼，常译为“按理应当”。

He should/ought to be here on time—he started early.考点九情态动词＋have done1．could have done的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中couldn't have done 多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“过去不可能做过”。

could have done 在肯定句中表示“本来能做但却没做”。

The accident could have been avoided；the driver couldn't have slowed down.2．may/might have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。

might 所表示的可能性比较弱，此外might have done 还可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”，含有轻微的责备语气。

You might have given him more help，though you were busy with your work.3．must have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定，想必做过”，语气十分肯定。

It must have rained yesterday，as the ground is wet.4．should/ought to have done 用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事，而实际上未做；用于否定句时，则表示不该做某事反而做了。

You oughtn't to have been late for the meeting，as it was very important.5．needn't have done 表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。

I actually needn't have bought so much food—only three people came.6．had better have done 用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”。

I had better have started earlier.1．（2012·课标全国高考）I ______use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't2．（2012·全国高考Ⅱ）I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ______ find the money.A．can B．might C．would D．need3．（2012·北京高考）We ______ the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me?A．should face B．might faceC．could have faced D．must have faced4．（2012·天津高考）It's quite warm here；we ______ turn the heating on yet.A．couldn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．wouldn't5．（2012·上海高考）The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A．wouldn't B．needn't C．won't D．mustn't6．（2012·重庆高考）—______ you interrupt now？Can't you see I'm on the phone?— Sorry Sir，but it's urgent.A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Would7．（2012·江苏高考）Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but ______ say where he was.A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．wouldn't D．mightn't8．（2012·江苏高考）—Happy birthday!—Thank you！It's the best present I ______for.A．should have wished B．must have wishedC．may have wished D．could have wished9．（2012·江西高考）We ______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.A．may not B．needn't C．can't D．mustn't10．（2012·辽宁高考）One of our rules is that every student ______ wear school uniform while at school.A．might B．could C．shall D．will11．（2012·陕西高考）I ______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A．won't B．can't C．can D．will12．（2012·四川高考）I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese，and I said “Ni Hao，”just as I______do in China.A．must B．might C．can D．should13．（2011·全国高考Ⅱ）If you ______ sm o ke，please go outside.A．can B．should C．must D．may14．（2011·北京高考）—I don't really like James.Why did you invite him?—Don't worry.He ______ come.He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.A．must not B．need notC．would not D．might not15．（2011·北京高考）I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A．can't B．mustn't C．daren't D．needn't16．（2011·江苏高考）—I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.—How unbelievable to get it back！I mean，someone ______ it.A．will have stolen B．might have stolenC．should have stolen D．must have sto len17．（2011·福建高考）—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?—I am afraid you ______，in case he comes late for the meeting.A．will B．must C．may D．can18．（2011·浙江高考）—How's your new babysitter?—We ______ ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.A．should B．might C．mustn't D．couldn't19．（2011·四川高考）The police still haven't found the lost child，but they're doing all they ______.A．can B．may C．must D．should20．（2011·重庆高考）—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?—I wanted to，but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night.A．could B．might C．would D．should21．（2011·陕西高考）—Will you read me a story，Mummy?—OK.You ______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A．might B．must C．could D．shall22．（2011·湖南高考）—No one ______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh，you are really his big fan.A．can B．need C．must D．might23．（2011·辽宁高考）If you ______ go，at least wait until the storm is over.A．can B．may C．must D．will24．（2011·江西高考）It ______ be the postman at the door.It's only six o'clock.A．mu stn't B．can't C．won't D．needn't25．（2013·河北普通高中教学质监）For those who ______ go to college，there are still hundreds of high­paying jobs that only require a high school d iploma.A．can't B．mustn't C．shan't D．needn't26．（2013·山西第二次四校联考）—Mum，I could hardly keep my eyes open.—But you ______ be so sleepy—you didn't get up until 9 this morning.A．mustn't B．shouldn'tC．wouldn't D．needn't27．（2013·北京东城区示范校综合练习一）My cousin ______ be really shy at times even though he is cheerful in general.A．shall B．should C．can D．must28．（2013·云南昆明摸底）—Mum，could I play outside with my friends?—If you finish your homework，you______do it.A．shall B．should C．will D．would参考答案1．D A项意为“不能够，不可以”；B项意为“禁止，绝对不可”；C项意为“不应该”；D项意为“不必，不需要”。

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山东专用高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题十一情态动词和虚拟语气综合演练外研版

山东专用高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题十一情态动词和虚拟语气综合演练外研版

山东专用高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题十一情态动词和虚拟语气综合演练外研版专题十一情态动词和虚拟语气综合演练Ⅰ.语法填空“Put yourself in someone else's shoes.” is 1 idiom that means if you imagine yourself to be in another person's position, good or bad, you may understand how they feel, and why they have done what they've done.This idiom comes from the fact 2 a pair of perfectly fitting shoes for someone may not fit another person as perfectly. So, literally, only if you put 3 another person's shoes can you feel how it is to walk in them.Metaphorically speaking, “their shoes” stand for other people's positions.A local boy is detained(扣留) by the police for a theft, and one of his friends might4 (private) say to himself, “I wouldn't want to be in his shoes now.” That is, he doesn't want5 (put) into prison for stealing.By trying to “put on their shoes”, we try to imagine ourselves in 6 (they)situations, by seeing 7 (thing) from their points of view, by thinking about how we would want to be treated if we 8 (be) them.Harper Lee, of course,has expressed this idea best in To Kill a Mockingbird: “You never 9 (real) understand a person until you consider things from his point of view—until you climb inside of his skin 10 walk around in it.”1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍的是“Put yourself in someone else's shoes.”这一习语的含义。

外研版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题一 第3讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

外研版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题一 第3讲 情态动词和虚拟语气


相反,
考点解读
考点1 情态动词
1.情态动词的基本用法
(1)can和could的用法 用法
例句
No one can be compared with Zhang Ming in playing
表示“能力”。
basketball in our class.
在我们班里,打篮球无人能够与张明相提并论。
表示理论上的可能性, It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it
We could have faced the difficulty together,but why didn’t you tell me? 我们本来可以一起面对困难,但是你为什么不告诉我? Mark needn’t have hurried.After driving at top speed,he arrived half an hour early. 马克本不必着急。他开快车后,早到了半小时。 Sorry,I’m late.I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. 对不起,我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。 Look!There are so many mistakes in your composition.You should have fixed full attention on it. 看!你的作文里有这么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上 面的。
ck of sleep can
lead to weakened immunity and memory,and also
slow physical growth.
高考英语一轮复习 语法专题训练部分 专题8 情态动词与虚拟语气课件 外研版

高考英语一轮复习 语法专题训练部分 专题8 情态动词与虚拟语气课件 外研版


(2)口语中 can 可以代替 may 表示“允许” You can go home now. 你现在可以回家了。 Can I borrow two books at a time? 我一次可以借两本书吗？ (3)could 用于问句表示委婉客气，回答时用 can —Could I ask you a question? 我可以问个问题吗？ —Yes，of course you can. 当然可以。
3．may/might 或许，也许，可以
He may come or may not. 来不来随便。
You may go now. 你可以走了。
问句第一人称用 may/might/can；二、三人称用 can。
(1)—May/Might I smoke here? 我可以吸烟吗？
—Yes，you can./—No，you mustn't.
—Must I finish my homework at once? 我必须马上完成作业吗？ —Yes，you must. 必须。 —No，you needn't/you don't have to. 不必。
(2)mustn't 绝对不可，不许 You mustn't lend it to others. 你不能把它借给别人。 I must not let anyone know. 我不能让任何人知道这件事。
(2)need 用于实义动词 We need to do more exercises. 我们需要多做练习 She needs me to help her with her English. 她需要我帮她学英语。 (3)need/want/require＋doing/to be done The downtown needs designing again. 商业区需要重新规划。 ＝The downtown needs to be designed again.
高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+七、情态动词和虚拟语气

高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+七、情态动词和虚拟语气


特别提示 used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。 He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours.他过去常坐在公园里读书,一读几小时,这个公园过去曾经是一个 工厂。 6.need和dare的用法
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
②用于第一、三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方 请示。 Shall the man standing outside have a try? 让站在外边的那个人试试?
(2)should ①表示义务,常译为“应该”,用于各种人称。 Parents should take good care of their babies. 父母应该照顾好他们的孩子。 ②表示惊讶、意外等,常译为“竟然,居然”。 I am surprised that you should speak ill of me. 我很惊讶,你竟然说我坏话。
(2)表示推测,意为“一定,必定”,表达十分肯定的语气,只能用于肯定 句中。 He must be ill.He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他脸色苍白。
(3)表示“非得,偏要”。 Must you make so much noise? 你非得弄出这么多噪声吗?
4.shall和should的用法 (1)shall ①用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、 威胁等,此外,颁布法律、法规时也用shall。 You shall have a new bike for your birthday. 你会得到一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。 The new law shall come into effect next month. 新法将于下个月生效。