高考英语语法复习专题

落堕市安心阳光实验学校语法专项(十) 特殊句式及结构考点一完全倒装句谓语动词完全放置主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。

这类句型主要有两种：1．为了强调状语，把表示方位或时空的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等，置于句首时。

South of the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。

Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。

注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。

Away they went.他们走了。

2．表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。

Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。

[考题印证](2010·江苏改编)—Is everyone here?—Not yet...Look，there________(come) the rest of our guests!解析：当表示方位的副词there，here，away，out，in，down，up等位于句首，谓语是不及物动词sit，lie，live，stand run，come，go等，主语又是名词时，常用完全倒装的形式即谓语全部放到主语前面。

由于该句主语the rest指代guests是复数。

答案：come考点二部分倒装句1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。

Only in this way can we learn English well.只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。

Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只有当他回来时，我们才能查明事实真相。

注意：only 修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。

高考英语语法知识一、形容词1.修饰名词，对主语或宾语进行补充说明是形容词的基本作用。

1）修饰主语hard work 繁重的工作 nice picture 好看的照片2）对主语或宾语补充说明就是补语。

形容词是补语的一种。

用作补语的形容词一般位于be 动词或宾语后面。

She is beautiful. 她很漂亮。

The work is very hard. 那个工作很难。

2.become／look／remain等动词后面加形容词也是对主语补充说明。

become, get, grow, go, turn 成为...look, appear, seem 好像...，看起来像...remain, stay 保持...状态与be动词相似，但更强调“维持在什么样的状态”。

They got upset when heir team lost the game.当他们队输了比赛时，他们非常生气。

Receiving the presents, the orphans seemed so happy.那些孤儿们收到了礼物，看起来很高兴。

My mom remained calm even though she was upset.即使我妈妈生气了，她始终保持沉默。

他们是富裕的家庭。

They're a wealthy family.他们很生气。

They were very upset.那是件容易的事。

It’s easy work.她看起来很累。

She looked tired.她保持沉默。

She remained silent.3.记住特殊的形容词1）只作补语的形容词alive 活的alone 独自，孤独asleep 熟睡afraid 害怕的sorry 对不起They were alive. 他们还活着。

2）在名词后修饰的形容词事实上，这种形容词完全是因为名词才特殊。

像something，somebody，someone这样的名词，其后附有-thing，-body，-one之类的后缀，这样的名词要放在形容词前，即形容词在后面修饰这些名词。

江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总一、冠词The Article知识要点：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。

冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词(The definite Article）两种。

a （an）是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man； an用在元音之前，如：an old man， an hour， an interesting book等。

the是定冠词.一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）.这是不定冠词a (an）的基本用法。

如:She is a girl. I am a teacher。

Please pass me an apple.2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

如：He borrowed a story—book from the library.A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。

3、表示数量,有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。

如：I have a mouth， a nose and two eyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。

如:a bit， a few， a little, a lot of， a piece of， a cup of， a glass of, a pile of， a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。

5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。

如：This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。

It is a pleasure to talk with you。

跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。

It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉.二、定冠词的用法：1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

2.(2024课标卷)34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but【答案】B【解析】考查并列连词。

上下文存在着逻辑上的条件关系，所以用“or”意为“否则的话”。

句意：你得挪一挪位置，否则卡车过不去。

4.(2024北京卷)21.—Look at those clouds!—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.A. Even ifB. As thoughC. In caseD. If only【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。

even if 即便，as though好像，in case 以防，if only要是…...多好啊。

句意：—看看那些云！—不用担忧。

即使下雨，我们也会玩得很快乐的。

5.(2024天津卷)14.Everything was placed exactly ___________he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A. whileB. whenC. whereD. though【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。

地点状语从句。

句意：毕业典礼所须要的东西都被放在了他想放的地方了。

7.(2024上海卷)40.The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. however【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。

从句中有“地点a new place”作宾语，故解除BC选项。

很明显本句是时间状语从句。

句意：一个人无论什么时候到了一个新地方，地图就是他运用的最好的工具之一。

8.(2024重庆卷) 30.—Coach, can I continue with the training?—Sorry, you can’t ______you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.A. untilB. beforeC. asD. unless【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。

高考英语语法填空专题复习6.0学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Shenzhen University offered pillows as a graduation gift to graduates on Sunday 1 the hope of reminding them of 2 important sleep and pursuing their dreams are.At the graduation ceremony, president of the university Mao Junfa encouraged the young graduates to attach importance to their health and avoid staying up late. He warned them not to wait until sleep becomes 3 luxury. The front of the pillow features four different designs that contain iconic buildings 4 (represent) Shenzhen and the university. On the back, a message from the university 5 (read), “Look up at the starry sky at night to dream, 6 step solidly on the ground during the day to chase dreams.”Mao said that instead of 7 (wake) up by an alarm clock in the morning, it is the problems they need to solve and the dreams they desire to achieve 8 get them out of bed.In previous years, the university gifted graduates items such as umbrellas with the meaning of breaking a path through troubles and backpacks symbolizing 9 (adventure) spirit.In addition to the customized pillows, the university also prepared commemorative test tubes of soil and 10 (branch) from the university’s lychee garden. The materials were carefully selected, collected and sterilized for graduates to take away as part of their memories of the school.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

语法复习专题一-—名词一、考点聚焦1。

可数名词单、复数变化形式(1）规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。

如：boy — boys, pen — pens。

②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。

如：glass — glasses，box — boxes， watch — watches, brush — brushes.特例：stomach - stomaches.③以“辅音字母 + y"结尾的变“y”为“i"再加“-es”.如:baby - babies， lady - ladies， fly — flies.④以“o"结尾的多数加-es。

如：tomato —tomatoes，potato —potatoes， hero - heroes。

但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o 结尾的词只加—s。

如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos， photo - photos，piano - pianos， kilo — kilos， tobacco - tobaccos.⑤以“f”或“fe"结尾的名词复数形式变“f"或“fe”为“v",之后再加-es。

如:wife - wives， life - lives, knife — knives， wolf— wolves， self — selves, leaf - leaves等.特例:handkerchief— handkerchiefs， roof - roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs， belief — beliefs, cliff —cliffs。

⑥改变元音字母的.如：man - men, mouse — mice， foot — feet，woman — women, tooth — teeth， goose - geese， ox — oxen.特例：child - children。

高中英语语法专题复习03 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&现在分词、过去分词）非谓语动词谓语动词在句子中有三种作用：1. 表示动作的时间，tense (时)2. 表示动作的状态，aspect (体)3. 表示动作的语气，mood (气)谓语动词的“时体气”，通过动词变位实现。

例如，The rabbit ate a carrot.The rabbit is eating a carrot.The rabbit has eaten a carrot.谓语动词在句子中受到主语的限制，随之出现了时态和人称的变化，成为一种被限定了的动词，所以也被称为限定性动词(finite verb)。

与之相对的，不受主语限制的动词，称为非限定性动词(non-finite verb)，也就是非谓语动词。

非谓语动词不具备表达时态和人称的作用。

例如，I like to eat carrot.I liked eating carrot.The rabbit likes minced carrot.非谓语动词有四种形式：1. 不定式 infinitive2. 动名词 gerund3. 现在分词 present participle4. 过去分词 past participle谓语动词是简单句的核心动词，非谓语动词只可能出现在其他的句子成分中。

1. 主语例：Swimming makes us hale and hearty.2. 宾语例：Janet suddenly stopped talking.3. 表语/主语补语例：Her wish is to become a doctor in the future.4. 宾语补语例：I invited him to come here.5. 定语例：Don't disturb the sleeping dog.6. 状语例：He went to the supermarket to buy a pen.不定式、动名词句子的核心动词只能由谓语动词充当，而非谓语动词可以充当句子的其他成分。

高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练名词和主谓一致（含练习习题及解析）（一）分类（二）转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换物质名词与个体名词的相互转换可数名词有单数和复数的变化，而单复数的变化又分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

名词考点聚焦名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。

综合近几年高考对名词的考查，单项填空题中，每年都出现1—2道题。

此外，在阅读理解和完形填空中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。

因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。

①We always keep ______ spare paper, in case we ran out.A. too muchB. a number ofC. plenty ofD. a good many【解析】 答案为C 。

“paper”作为“纸”解释时为不可数名词，所以先排除B 和D 两个选项。

根据题意“我们总是准备充足的备用纸张，以防用光。

”选择答案C 。

too much 意为“太多”尽管修饰不可数名词，但用在这儿不符合题意。

②The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ___ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. a large amount of【解析】答案为B。

【解析】答案为masses of 意为“大量的”既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词；the number of…意为“……的数量”；a large amount of意为“大量的”后接不可数名词；“many of”后接前面带有定冠词的名词，意为“……中的许多”。

一是考查语义方面的辨析：主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。

七、动词(dòngcí)与短语动词〔一〕知识重点归纳并记忆常见动词短语搭配和意义。

〔二〕知识呈现短语动词通常以动词为中心，通常由动词加副词或者介词构成。

英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来断定其释义，很多时候应根据详细语境判断它们的意义。

有的短语动词相当于及物动词，有的那么相当于不及物动词。

1.短语动词的构成〔1〕动词+副词clear away去除掉put away收起die away消失call back回look back回忆walk back走回break down坏了calm down平静下来get down 咽下come up上来blow up爆炸turn up出现show off夸耀 give off散发take off脱下break out发生blow out吹灭run out 用完〔2〕动词+介词bring about引起 look about 环顾四周 seek for寻找burst into 闯入 turn into使变成 look into调查see to 处理 devote to奉献给 deal with处理glance at匆匆(cōngcōng)一瞥 work at干……aim at向…瞄准differ from与…不同 result from由于 insist on坚持rely on依靠 bring in引进 hope for希望得到combine with结合 lead to导致，通向 set about 着手(3) 动词+副词+介词add up to总计 keep away from不靠近look down on轻视keep up with赶上 make up for弥补 get on with 相处get close to接近 get out of逃避,防止 do away with废除do well in在…干得好 put up with忍受catch up with赶上look up to 仰望,尊敬 run out of用完 look forward togo on with 继续 get down to认真开场break away from2.短语动词使用时须注意的几点(1)在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或者后。

高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练定语从句（含练习习题及解析）一、that与which,who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时只用that的情况③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被the only,the very修饰时①He told me everything that he knows.②All the books that you offered has been given out.③This is the best film that I have ever read.④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.⑤He is the only man that I want to see.⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?复时①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代①He has a son,who has gone abroad for只用which, who,whom的情况只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those, one,he时多用who。

the way做先行词时further study.②I like the person to whom the teacher istalking.③Those who respect others are usuallyrespected by others.①Mary,there is one way that you couldstop others talking about you andcriticizing you.②I was struck by the beauty of the way inwhich she stood.③What surprised me was not what he saidbut_______he said it.A. the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which二、as与which,that的用法区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中非限制性He is not such a fool as he looks.名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代Don’t read such books as you can’t 词用as,不能用whichunderstand.as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。