高三英语一轮复习：定语从句

高三英语一轮复习定语从句学案语法学案高三英语备课组高考定语从句复习学案一,概念:在复合句中～修饰某一_________或_________的从句～叫定语从句1. _______词:定语从句所修饰的词2. 引导词:(1) 关系______词: who, whom, whose, which, that, as(2) 关系______词: where, when, why 3. 关系词常有3个作用:?引导定语从句 ?代替先行词。

?在定语从句中担当一个________。

4. 关系代词作主语、宾语、表语或定语,whose,～作_______时可省略,关系副词作状语～一般不省略二,定语从句的种类定语从句可分为两类:________定语从句和__________定语从句限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开～修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词,非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开～可以修饰主句中的某一个词～也可修饰整个句子。

非限制性定语从句不能用______引导～引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。

把下列句子翻译成中文:His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him._____________________________China is a country which has a long history.________________________________________三,定语从句的热门考点1. 定语从句关系词的选用,详见表格,,2. 只能that或which的情况,3. which和as的区别,4. whose 用法及转换形式,5. 介词+关系代词中介词的选用及位臵(介词短语和动词短语),6. 定语从句中的特殊情况。

四,关系代词和关系副词的作用正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。

关系词的选择完全取决于关系词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。

高中语法专项定语从句专题思维导图：1. 定义：在复合句中充当定语的从句，即一个句子作定语（=形容词）。

2. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语3. 关系副词在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语1. 关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose, as4. 限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why定语从句 3. 从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，二者关系密切1. 关系代词who, whom, which, whose, as5. 非限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why3. 从句只对先行词起补充说明作用，主从句常用逗号隔开定语从句一定没有what和how，非限制性定语从句一定没有that。

1.关系代词的基本用法2.关系代词that和which的用法区别3.关系代词as和which的用法区别4.关系副词的基本用法5.定语从句的其他用法要点一. 关系代词的基本用法导入：1.He has two sons and both of them are teachers.2.He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.基本用法：注意：（1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略。

在定语从句中作宾语时whom/who/which/that可以省略，as一般不省略。

（2）whose可与of which转换。

Whose = the + 名词+ of whichWhose = of which + the + 名词This is the house whose window broke last night.= This is the house, the window of which broke last night.= This is the house, of which the window broke last night.（3）such....as....结构（as引导定语从句）与such....that...结构（that引导状语从句）的区别例句：1.It is such a big stone as no man can lift.2.It is such a big stone that no one can lift it.二. 关系代词that和which的用法区别1.限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况。

定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。

举例: This is a beautiful flower. （形容词作定语，置前）This is a flower in the garden. （介词短语作定语，置后）This is先行词 关系词 定语从句定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

结构： 先行词+ 关系词+ 其他关系词的用法:1. 关系词的分类：1）关系代词： who, whom, which, that, whose2）关系副词： when, where, why (作状语)2. 关系代词在句中充当成分3. 关系代词的详细用法●who, whom的用法1) who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。

The girl who is in red is Lily. (作___________,不可省）I like the person who you are talking to. (作___________,可用whom/that替换或者省略)You are who you are. (作___________, 不可省)2) whom在句中作宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作________,可省)I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.（_________后面不可省）●whose的用法whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。

在定语从句中作定语，whose = the n. +of which/whome.g. This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. (whose指人)= This is the scientist, ____________ the achievements are well known.e.g. I’d like a room whose window faces the sea. （whose指物）= I’d like a room______________ the window faces the sea.●that和which的用法1) 限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。

第五章定语从句He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算数的人。

The people who/that you met in thecampus yesterday are from England.Is there anyone in your department whose father is a painter?The young man with whom I travelled could speak English.The book which /that you are reading is written by a novelist.★1.This is the room ABC I cleaned just now.This is the room D I stayed just now.A thatB whichC /D where2.I’ll remember the day ABC we spent together.I’ll remember the day D we danced together.A thatB whichC /D when3.This is Mr.smith A teaches English in our school.This is Mr.smith with B we often playbasketball after school.This is Mr.smith C daughter studies in our class.This is our school C teachers are kind and friendly.A whoB whomC whoseD its一．定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词/关系副词：在先行词和定语从句中起连接作用的词，他们代表先行词，同时在从句中担任一定的句子成分.区别一：所指代先行词不同区别二：在句中所担任成分不同1.Is he the man who /that wants to see you?2.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.3.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.4.The package that/which you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.5.Dong guan is the place where I was born.6.I’ll never forget the day when we first met each other.7.Do you know the reason why he left home early?8.This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year.9.I will show you the point where you fail.10.He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.11.I won’t forget the time that/which you have told me.12.There was a time when man ate things raw.（过去有个时期，人类吃生东西）13.She is looking forward to the day when her daughter wins the championship.14.The reason why he can not come is that he is ill.15.The reason that/which he told me is not true.方法一：看定语从句中的谓语动词，如果谓语动词是及物动词而且后面且无宾语必须用关系代词，而不及物动词用关系副词。

2016高考英语一轮复习：语法专题6（定语从句）高三英语一轮复习专题6 定语从句Ⅰ.语法单句填空1．The Gate of Fortune, from ________ top visitors can enjoy a wonderful sea view, will attract lots of tourists.答案：whose句意为：从富贵门之上远远眺望，旅游者能够享受完美的海景，这将会吸引大批的旅游者。

关系代词whose作定语修饰top。

2．At the end of the joke she gave a horse laugh ________ could be heard a street away.答案：that/which句意为：讲完笑话之后，她发出像马一样的笑声，一个街区外都能听到。

先行词为laugh，且在从句中充当主语，应用that或which。

3．—We were surprised to hear that the reason ________ she gave for her absence was ________ her mother was ill.—Yes, we saw her mother was at the supermarket that morning.答案：that/which；that句意为：——我们很惊讶地听到她为她的缺席给出的原因是她妈妈病了。

——是的，我们今早在超级市场看见她妈了。

the reason作先行词，且关系词在从句中充当give的宾语，故填that/which；第二空考查the reason... is that这个常用句型，that引导表语从句。

4．In our class there are 46 students of ________ half wear glasses.答案：whom句意为：我们班级有46名学生，其中一半都戴眼镜。

定语从句关系代词的用法1．(2013·湖南卷)Happiness and success often come to those________are good at recognizing their own strengths.A．whom B．whoC．what D．which解析：句意为：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于意识到自己长处的人。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词为those，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“人”，故选B项。

答案： B2．(2013·山东卷) Finally he reached a lonely island________was completely cut off from the outside world.A．when B．where解析：句意为：他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。

本题考查定语从句。

定语从句修饰的先行词是island，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The island was completely cut off from the outside world.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词表示“物”。

答案： C3．(2011·山东卷)The old town has narrow streets and small houses________ are built close to each other.A．they B．whereC．what D．that解析：考查定语从句。

关系代词that代替先行词small houses，在从句中作主语。

句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。

答案： D关系副词的用法4．(2013·北京卷)Many countries are now setting up national parks________animals and plants can be protected.A．when B．whichC．whose D．where解析：句意为：很多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动物和植物能够受到保护。

定语从句一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

如：I want to marry a rich man.定语I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. （从句谓语和先行词一致）先行词定语从句定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句用关系词（_____________ _____________）来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。

1)关系代词：______________________________________2)关系副词：______________________________________二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。

例如：He is the man who/that wants to marry me.他就是那个想娶我的人。

(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I want to marry.他就是我想嫁的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)合并：1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage._______________________________________________________2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt._______________________________________________________3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music._______________________________________________________翻译：1那就是教我们英语的老师。

高三英语一轮复习定语从句（一）高三英语定语从句（一）一、【知识点】定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1.who指人在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。