高三英语一轮复习专题撬分练专题10定语从句

定语从句知识点梳理1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

一、关系词的用法(一)关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.4) asAs用于先行词前有as, so, such, the same修饰的限制性定语从句.You can take as many books as you need.(二) 关系副词when, where, why（在句中作状语）1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when hegrew up.注意：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.4. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。

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第十讲定语从句全面理解先行词先行词绕先行词和关系词展开的.正确理解定语从句的关键就是“找到先行词”。

只有先正确找出先行词,才能明白定语从句所修饰的究竟是什么成分,才能正确理解句子前后各部分之间的逻辑关系,分清句子结构,从而正确理解句子意思.尽管我们把定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词，但先行词并不一定都是一个“词”,先行词可以是:1．一个词（通常是名词，也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting。

这是值得参观的地方.He laughs best who laughs last。

谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好.2．一个短语Many life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题，是现在的大家庭无力解决的.3．一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought， which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be。

定语从句单句语法填空1、That’s the new machine__________ parts are too small to be seen.2、I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.3、It’s helpful to put children in a situation__________they can see themselves differently.4、I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions__________she stopped working because of ill health.5、In most cases, college graduates don't mind what job they will do so long as it is one__________ they can earn money to support themselves.6、Finally he reached a lonely island__________ was completely cut off from the outside world.7、The dishes __________I cooked were Mom's favorite.8、He wrote a letter__________ he explains what had happened in the accident.9、Simon is a comedian and actor __________has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy.10、The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere__________ his employees enjoy their work.11、Students should involve themselves in community activities __________they can gain experience for growth.12、We have launched another man-made satellite, __________is announced in today’s newspaper.13、For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ _________ New York is an example.14、He is now reading a book about a scientist,__________he dreams to be.15、We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,__________the weather may be better.单句改错1、I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, it drove off quickly.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、First,we went to Zhili Governor Office,where is a very famous tourist spot in China.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution,what is bad for living things in the world.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、In life people make many decisions,some of what are so important that they affect us greatly.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、It can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now._____________________________________________________________________6、I stay in a dormitory with three other girls,all of them are kind and nice. _____________________________________________________________________7、Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence,which he wanted to make an exploration.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、Can you tell me the way in which you have come up with?_____________________________________________________________________9、Is this the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail._____________________________________________________________________11、We should take an active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12、The idea has quickly spread to Europe which special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13、That was the reason how he was late for school._____________________________________________________________________14、I enjoyed my stay in the library when I could read various books I was interested in.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15、The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案以及解析单句语法填空1答案及解析：答案：whose解析：machine为先行词,从句的主语parts前缺少作定语的引导词,只能填入whose。

定语从句练习基础篇一、用适当的关系词填空1. This is the room________ Lu Xun once lived.2.The director ___________ department I work in is strict in everything.3. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _________ I would be staying.5. Do you still remember the chicken farm ______ we visited three months ago?6. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ______ you received gifts.7. ______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.8. Finally he reached a lonely island _____ was completely cut off from the outside world.9. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.10.Many countries are now setting up national parks ______ animals and plants can be protected.11.York, ______ I visited last year, is a nice old city. （真题-北京）12.John said the work would be done by October, ______ personally I doubt very much. (真题-北京)13.Carol said he’d been working in th e office for an hour, ______ was true. (真题-全国)14.The famous basketball star, _____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. （真题-全国）15.His movie won several awards at the film festival, _______ was beyond his wildest dream. （真题-上海）16.His plan was such a good one _____ we all agreed to accept it.17.It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _________ for the first timein years their team won the World Cup.（真题-全国）18.By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_______ can be very eyeopening and rewarding. （真题-湖南）19.Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ______ everyone likes to visit.20.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. （真题-江苏）21.Those are the very points _____ puzzle me.22.Those ____ want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.23.Who _____ has common sense would believe such nonsense?24.Anyone _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.25.Kindness is the golden chain by _____ society is bound together. （善良是金链，社会紧相连）26.Finally the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police.27.I’ll give you my friends address, _____ I can be re ached most evenings.（真题-北京）28.He was very rude to the customs officer, ______ of course made things worse.29.September is the month ______ comes after August.September is the month _____ we usually return to school.30.He didn’t tell me the place ______ he was born.He didn’t tell me the place _____ he was born in.31.This is the reason ______ he gave me.This is the reason _______ he didn’t come yesterday.32.This is the plane in _____ I went to Beijing.This is the plane ______ I took to Beijing.33.I work in a business _____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.34. We will be shown around the city schools, museum, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.35.You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, ______ is always busy at the weekend.36.Anyway, that evening, ______ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.37.We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk.38.Chan’s restaurant on Baker S treet, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.39.The driver and his car _______ fell into the river have not yet been discovered.40.I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but co uldn’t write a good essay.41. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.42.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of ______ was very reasonable.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ price was very reasonable. 43.George Orwell, ______ real name was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.44. ______ is mentioned above, the number of students in senior high schools is increasing.45.Why not try another way _____ you may do your experiment better and more quickly?二、用“介词+关系代词”填空1.The pencil ________ he was writing broke.2. Her bag, ______ she put all her books, has not been found.3. WuDong, ______ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.4. The person______ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.5. Luckily, we’d bought a road map ______ we would have lost our way.6. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _______ she could turn for help.7. The stories about the Long March, _____this is one example, are well written.8.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _________ there won’t be much work.9. The car ______ he spent 240,000 yuan is made in Shanghai.10.This is the book _______ you can refer.11.The train _____ he is traveling is late.三、改错1.There are a lot of people plant trees there.2.The tomatoes were on the table were given to you.3.The book , I bought yesterday, is Harry Potter.4. This is the new machine which parts are too small to see.5.Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office.6.The old town has narrow streets and small houses that is built close to each other.7.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, and each of which uses itsomewhat differently.8.I’ll spend my holiday in Beijing, which lives my u ncle.9.The knife which she often uses it to cut the bread is very sharp.10.I don’t like the way in that you spoke to her.提高篇用适当的(关系)词填空1. The village has developed a lot _____ we learned farming two years ago. （真题-福建）2. Yesterday I met a foreigner in the park _____ could speak very good Chinese.3. The days have been gone ______ we Chinese were looked down upon as EasternSick Men.4. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in thatfar-away village.5. Later cases will be introduced to readers _______ consumer complaints haveresulted in changes in the law.6. Jackson is a man in my office _____ I believe is honest.7. Jackson is a man in my office ______ I believe (to be ) honest.8. The girl _______ we supposed was drowned came back.9. The girl ________ we supposed to be drowned came back.10. Mr.Li has three daughters, none of _______ is a dancer.11. Mr.Li has three daughters, but none of ______ is a dancer.12. Mr.Li has three daughters; all of _____ are doctors.13. –Mum, what did your doctor say?--He advised me to live ______ the air is fresher.14.I walked in our garden, ______ Tom and Tim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.15.When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.16.It was Johnson, _____ studies very hard, ______ often offered us help.17.It was in the small house ______ was built with stone by his father ______ he spent his childhood.18.Could it be in the meeting room _____ you had talked with me last night ______ you left behind your keys?19.—Where did you get to know her?--- It was on the farm ______ we worked.20.____ is well known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success. ___ is well known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.___ is well known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.定语从句练习答案基础篇一、1. where/in which2. whose3. whose4. where/in which5. that/which/x6. whom7. As8. which/that9. when/in which 10. where/in which 11. which 12. which 13.which 14. who 15.which 16.that 17.when18.which 19.as 20. which 21.that 22. who23.that 24.who 25. which 26.that/x 27. where28.which 29.that/which ; when/in which30.where/in which; which/that/x31.that/which/x; why/for which32.which; which/that/x33.where 34.where 35.which 36.which 37.where 38.which 39.that 40.where 41.whose 42.which; whose 43.whose 44.As 45.that/in which/x二、1.with which2.in which3.with whom4.to whom5.without which6.to whom7.of which8.without which9.on which 10.to which 11.on which三、1.plant- planting2.第一个were 去掉或tomatoes后加which/that3.I 前加which4.which-whose5.it—which6.is-are7.去and 或which-them 8.which-where 9.去it10.that-which或去in提高篇1.where/in which ; who/that2. when/in which3.when/in which4.where/in which5.who/that6.whom/who/that/x7.who/that 8.whom/who/that/x 9.whom 10.them 11.them 12.where 14.where/in which 15.where 16.who; that 17.which; that 18.where/in which; that19.where/on which 20What; It ; As。

2017届高三英语一轮复习撬题对点练专题10定语从句3预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制定语从句3A．单句填空1．He wrote many children's books, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.答案which [句意：他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半的书是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。

先行词是children's books，且前有介词of，故用which。

]2．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members. 答案whom [句意：John邀请了大约四十人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。

该定语从句的先行词指人，且most of________ 在从句中充当主语，空处位于介词后，故用关系代词whom引导。

]3．I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.答案whose [句意：我想感谢Smith教授，没有他的帮助我绝不会取得这样的成绩。

从句中的help是名词，与Professor Smith是所属关系，故此处用whose引导定语从句。

] 4．Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.答案which [句意：Maria写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。

逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，又因此处有介词of，因此用关系代词which。

]5．We expect you to become someone of ________ we'll feel very proud in the future. 答案whom [句意：我们期望将来你能成为我们的骄傲。

高考英语一轮总复习专题十定语从句活页练习（含解析）Ⅰ.单项填空1．Sarah Brightman，________ will fly to space in 2015，is the first woman to fly there in the field of music.A．who B．that C．which D．whose答案 A [考查定语从句。

句意：莎拉·布莱曼将于2015年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。

句中的先行词为Sarah Brightman且在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用who引导。

]2．________ is often the case with old people，my grandfather is fond of doing morning exercises.A．As B．Which C．What D．It答案 A [考查定语从句。

句意：就像其他老人一样，我祖父也喜欢晨练。

此句考查as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as在此指代后面句子的内容，既可位于句首，也可位于句中。

] 3．A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec.12,2012，________ the date，the month and the year match.A．that B．on whichC．in which D．which答案 B [考查定语从句。

句意：很多恋人选择在2012年12月12日这一天结婚，这是因为在这一天日期、月份与年份都一样。

因为从句缺少时间状语，所以应用which指代先行词；当先行词是某个时期，且年月日完整时，介词应该用on。

故选B。

]4．My favorite writer is Mo Yan，some of ________ novels have a surprising ending. A．whom B．his C．whose D．which答案 C [考查定语从句。

定语从句2A．单句填空1．Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.答案where [句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。

分析句子结构可知，“________you can hear some lovely music”是非限制性定语从句，where替代先行词St. Paul's Church在定语从句中作地点状语。

]2．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.答案where [句意：该公司的老板在努力营造一种轻松的氛围，在这种氛围中，他的员工们可以享受工作的乐趣。

先行词为atmosphere，将先行词代入定语从句后为：His employees enjoy their work in the easy atmosphere.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为where。

]3．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.答案where [句意：这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助，尤其是在工作单位。

在那里必须给人留下良好的印象。

at work(在工作单位)表地点，故用where引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。

]4．I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.答案when [句意：我直到五年级才真正成为一个攀登者，那时，我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风筝。