机电专业英语课件

他的价值观念似乎陈旧了。 • immense [i mens] adj.极大的，巨大的
例句：They made an immense improvement in English.
在E英nd语方面他们取得了巨大的进步To。pic Above Next
centrifugal [sen‘trifjugəl] adj.离心的
mass-produced大(批)量生产的
Section II Text
Processes of mechanization have been developing and becoming more complex ev er since the beginning of the Industrial Revo lution at the end of the 18th century.（自从 18世纪末工业革命开始，工业机械化进 程一直在不断地发展，并且变得越来越 复杂。） The current developments of auto matic processes are, however, different from the old ones.（但目前的工业自动化过程 较以前的工业自动化过程有很大的不同）
）
Now people often talk about “feedback” as b
eing an essential factor of the new industrial t
echniques, upon which is based an automatic
self-regulating system and by virtue of which
And in many, though not all, instances th e element of control is so great that me chanization displaces muscle, “automat ion” displaces brain as well.（尽管不 是所有的情况，但在大多数情况下， 控制元件依然发挥着强大的力量， 机械化已经代替了手工劳动，而自 动化代替了脑力劳动。

End
Topic
Above
汉
Next
Section II Text
Early in the 1950s, two important engineering discoveries changed th e image of the electronic-computer field. These discoveries were the mag netic core memory and Transistor-Circuit Element. These technical disco veries quickly found their way into new models of digital computers. In the 1960s, efforts to design and develop the fastest possible compu ter with the greatest capacity reached a turning point with the LARC mac hine. The LARC had a base memory of 98000 words and multiplied in 1 0 μs. The trend during the 1970s was, to some extent, moving away from ve ry powerful, single-purpose computers and toward a larger range of appli cations for cheaper computer systems. Most continuous-process manufac turing, such as petroleum refining and electrical-power distribution syste ms then used computers of smaller capability for controlling and regulati ng their jobs.

New Words & Expressions
stimulate ['stimjuleit] v. 促进，激励 hydraulics [hai'drɔ:liks] n. 水力学，液压系统 resilience [ri'ziliəns] n. 跳回，恢复力，回弹 virtue ['və:tʃu:] n. 优点，效力，功能 detriment ['detrimənt] n. 损害，不利 regrind [ri:'graind] v. 重磨
Text & Translation
The domestication of grain began some 5 000 years before and some enterprising farmers may have become tired of pounding or grinding the grain by hand. Perhaps，in fact，the inventors were some farmers wives. Since they often drew the heavy jobs.
New Words & Expressions
layer ['leiə] n. 层，层次 tangential [tæn'dʒenʃəl] adj. 切线的，切向的 Newtonian [ˌnjuːˈtəʊniən] adj. 牛顿的，牛顿学说的 nonlinear [nʌn'liniə] adj. 非线性的，非直线的 rotational [rəu'teiʃənl] adj. 旋转的，转动的，循环的 compressible [kəm'presibl] adj. 可压缩的，可压榨的 Pascal’s law 帕斯卡定律 pressurize ['preʃəraiz] v. 增压，给……加压

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a highly automated GT machine cell, consisting of a group of processing workstations (usually CNC machine tools), interconnected an automated material handling and storage system. The reason the FMS is a called flexible is that it is capable of processing a variety of different part styles simultaneously at the various workstations, and the mix of part styles and quantities of production can be adjusted in response to changing patterns demanded. The FMS is most suited for the mid-variety, midvolume production range.
1. Computer control. 2. Automated materials handling capability. 3. Tool handling capability.
Text & Translation
Flexible manufacturing was first introduced in the mid-1960s when the British firm Moils Ltd. developed its System 24. System 24 is a real FMS. However, it was doomed from the outset because automation, integration, and computer control technology had not yet been developed to the point where they could properly support the system. With the emergence of sophisticated computer control technology in the late 1970s and 1980s, flexible manufacturing became a viable concept. In the United States, manufacturers of automobiles, trucks, and tractors are the pioneers in adopting flexible manufacturing.

Text & Translation
Group III—Separating. Machining or removal of material，that is，destroying cohesion.
Group IV—Joining. Uniting of individual workpieces to form filling subassemblies，filling and impregnating of workpieces，and so on，that is， increasing cohesion between several workpieces.
Text & Translation
2. Principles of Plastic Forming Plasticity theory is the foundation for the numerical
treatment of metal forming processes. Materials science and metallurgy can explain the origins of the plastic state of metallic bodies and its dependence on various parameters，such as process speed，prior history，temperature. The essentially older plasticity theory deals with the calculation of stresses，forces，and deformation.
阻止 substrate ['sʌbstreit] n. (=substratum) 底层，下层，（地）底土

1. This symbol indicates that lethal accidents or serious injuries may occur if the operating and working instructions are not followed properly.
2. This symbol warns against dangerous voltage! Immediate death might be the consequence.
2. This symbol warns against dangerous voltage! Immediate death might be the consequence.
Part IV Task-driven Practice
【引导文1】Common Symbols & Their Indications（车间常见警示 标志及含义）
Part III Reading One
Sample hazard inspection checklist （危险检测清单样本） （1）Floors-地板 （2）aisles-过道 （3）Fire-火源 （4）General lighting-照明 （5）Windows-窗户
Part III Reading One
Part III Reading One
Make inferences 9. oxidizing agent氧化剂 10. organic peroxide有机过氧化物 11. toxic有毒物 12. radioactive放射性物质 13. miscellaneous dangerous goods 有害危险物品
5. lower
6. regularly

1.Engine Lathes ［1］Engine lathes，of course，are general purpose
machines used in production and maintenance shops all over the world. Sizes range from small bench models to huge heavy duty pieces of equipment. Many of the larger lathes are equipped with auxiliary parts which are not commonly available in ordinary shops，such as automatic stops for the carriage.
Text & Translation
The first screw machines were designed to feed bar stock and wire used in making small screw parts. At present，however， the turret lathe is frequently used with a collet attachment，and the automatic screw machine can be equipped with a chuck to hold castings.
Text & Translation
In the single spindle automatic screw machine，a specific length of stock is automatically fed through the spindle to a machining area. At this point，the turret and cross slide move into position and automatically perform whatever operations are required. After the machined piece is cut off，stock is again fed into the machining area and the entire cycle is repeated.

Text & Translation
Mechatronics is an integrated comprehensive study of intelligent and high performance electromechanical system (mechanisms and processes)，intelligent and motion control through the use of advanced microprocessors and DSPs，power electronics and ICs，design and optimization，modeling and simulation，analysis and virtual prototyping，etc. Integrated multidisciplinary features are approaching quickly，and mechatronics，which integrates electrical， mechanical，and computer engineering areas(Fig.15.1).
New Words & Expressions
benchmark [′bentʃma:k] n. 基准，标准 entreaty [in′tri:ti] n. 恳求，请求 evolutionary [i:və′lu:ʃnəri] adj. 发展的，演化的 DSP (digital signal processing) 数字信号处理 IC (integrated circuit) 集成电路 consensus [kən′sensəs] n. 一致 augment [ɔ:g′ment] v. 增加，扩大 unify [′ju:nifai] v. 成为一体，统一 cornerstone [′kɔ:nəstəun] n. 基石，基础

Text & Translation
3.Turret Lathes When machining a complex workpiece on a general purpose
lathe，a great deal of time will be spent in changing or adjusting the tools needed. ［2］One of the first adaptations of the engine lathe which made it more suitable to mass production was the addition of multi tool turret in place of the tailstock. Although most turrets have six stations，some have as many as eight. High production turret lathes are very complicated with many power accessories. The principal feature of all turret lathes， however，is that they can perform a consecutive serial of operations in proper sequence. Once the tools have been set and adjusted，little skill is required to turn out duplicate parts.
New Words & Expressions
forging ['fɔ:dʒiŋ] n. 锻造；锻件 bar stock 棒料 collet ['kɔlit] n. 夹头 attachment [ə'tætʃmənt] n. 附件 spindle ['spindl] n. 主轴 reversal [ri'və:səl] n. 反转；逆转 vertical ['və:tikəl] adj. 立式的；垂直的 machine center 加工中心

Helical gears can also be used to connect nonparallel, non-intersecting shafts at any angle to one another. Ninety degrees is the commonest angle at which such gears are used.
Chapter One Lesson One
Mechanics Components
Gears
Spur and helical gears.
A gear having tooth elements that are straight and parallel to its axis is known as a spur gear. A spur pair can be used to connect parallel shafts only. Parallel shafts, however, can also be connected by gears of another type, and a spur gear can be mated with a gear of a different type (Fig. 1-1).
The thrust problem can be overcome by cutting two sets of opposed helical teeth on the same blank. Depending on the method of manufacture, the gear may be of the continuous-tooth herringbone variety or a double-helical gear with a space between the two halves to permit the cutting tool to run out. Doublehelical gears are well suited for the efficient transmission of power at high speeds.

Text & Translation
The following tips may be helpful in stimulating creative ideas of the designers.
（1）Apply ingenuity to utilize desired physical properties and to limit undesired ones. ［3］The performance requirements of a machine are met by utilizing laws of nature or properties of matter (e.g.， flexibility，strength，gravity，inertia，buoyancy，centrifugal force， principles of the lever and inclined plane，friction，viscosity，fluid pressure，and thermal expansion)，also the many electrical，optical， thermal，and chemical phenomena. However，what may be useful in one application may be detrimental in the next. For example，flexibility is desirable in valve springs but not in the valve camshaft；friction is desirable at the clutch face but not in the clutch bearing. Ingenuity in design should be applied to utilize and control the physical properties that are desirable and to minimize those that are not desirable.

pneumatic [nju:'mæ tik] adj. 风动的， 气动的 decompression [͵di:kəm'preʃən] n. 降压， 减压， 释
放 regenerative [ri'dʒenəreitiv] adj. 再生的， 新生的 torque [tɔ:k] n. 转矩，力矩，扭矩 lubricator ['lu:brikeitə] n. 润滑剂, 加油器 modification [͵mɔdifi'keiʃən] n. 改装, 修订, 更改 customize ['kʌstəmaiz] v. 定制; 定做; 自定义 neutral ['nju:trəl] adj. 中立的, 中性的; 不确定的 n. 中
位 psi (pound per square inch) 气压单位（1 psi=6.89
kPa）
New Words & Expressions
cylinder ['silində] n. 气筒; 液压缸, 气缸 welder ['weldə] n. 焊工; 电焊机 parallel ['pærəlel] n. 平行, 平行线 solenoid ['səulinɔid] n. 螺线管 energize ['enədʒaiz] v. 给与…能量、电压, 使活跃 actuate ['æ ktjueit] v. 开动（机器）, 驱动 compensate ['kɔmpenseit] v. 补偿, 赔偿 traverse ['trævə:s] v. 横越, 转动, 在轴上旋转 momentarily ['məumən͵terili] adv. 短暂地, 临时地 initiate [i'niʃieit] v. 开始; 创始

Part IV Task-driven Practice
Task Description The whole task is divided into three steps. Step 1 is about briefly introducing yourself, your unique strength and problems. Step 2 centers on talking about your major and related work skills and capabilities. Step 3 is to describe your future job you’re expecting and how to achieve it.
Part IV Task-driven Practice
Expressions used for giving a presentation. Read aloud and try to memorize & use some.
◆Getting people’s attention ① May I have your attention, please? ② Good morning/afternoon, everyone! I’m …from… ③ Ladies and gentlemen, attention please!
——Product Inspection & Certification
❖Unit 7 Have You Ever Heard of G-Marketing?
——Product Advertising & Marketing
❖Unit 8 How Do You Transport Your Goods?

格, 说明书, 规范
• analogy[E5nAlEdVi] n.类似，类推 Topic Above Next • End instruction[in5strQkFEn] n. 指示, 用法说明(书)
Section I Words and Phrases
• absolute[5AbsElu:t] adj. 完全的, 绝对的 • incremental[inkri5mentEl] adj. 增加的 • subprogram[5sQb5prEu^rAm] n. 子程序, 辅程 序 • positive[5pCzEtiv] adj.肯定的, 实际的, 积极的, 绝 对的 • negative[5ne^Etiv] adj.否定的, 消极的 • dimension[di5menFEn] n.尺寸, 尺度 • offset [5C:fset] n.偏移量 with regard to adv.关于 be divided into adv.划分成 preparatory function准备功能 Topic Above Next End modal function模态功能
End
Topic
Above
汉
Next
Section II Text
Table 3-1 letter address type
O - Program number N - Sequence number G-Preparatory function X - X axis designation Y - Y axis designation Z - Z axis designation R - Radius designation F – Feed rate designation S-Spindle speed designation H - Tool length offset D - Tool radius offset T - Tool Designation M - Miscellae

eler Gages (塞尺) Feeler gages are sets of thin steel strips of accurate thicknesses, typically from .001 up to about .040 or so (Figure 1-8). There are typically about 20 to 40 separate strips in a set, joined together by a bolt that runs through a hole in the end of each gage. Each gage has the thickness marked on it, in both inches and mm in the example below. All of the leaves fold up into the handle to protect them from bending when they're not in use. While their intended purpose is to measure the gap between two surfaces, such as the electrodes of spark plug.
Unit 1
Passage A
Center Drills (中心钻) Center drills are stiff, stubby little drills used to start holes in the end of work-piece. If you try to drill a hole in a work-piece without using a center drill，you will find that the drill will most likely wobble off center and not drill straight into the work-piece. Standard drilling practice is to first make a facing cut on the end of the work-piece, then drill a starter hole using a center drill and then drill the hole to the required depth with a standard drill.

Text & Translation
Two new trends are observed in the development of machining centers. One is the growing interest in smaller，more compact machining centers and the other is the emphasis on extended shift or even unmanned operations. Modern machining centers have contributed significantly to improved productivity in many companies. They have eliminated the time lost in moving workpieces from machine to machine and the time needed for workpiece loading and unloading for separate operations. In addition，they have minimized the time lost in changing tools，carrying out gauging operations，and aligning workpieces on the machine.
Text & Translation
加工中心有两个发展趋势：一是更小、更紧凑 的加工中心的兴起；二是对扩展轴或无人操作 的重视。现代的加工中心对很多公司提高生产 率有着重要的作用，节省了把工件从一台机床 移向另一台机床与对工件的单个加工所需的装 卸时间。此外，更换刀具、测量和工件定位的 时间也缩短至最低限度。

• The open—loop control system does not provide positioning feedback to the control unit.
• The closed—loop control system is very accurate. It has an automatic compensative function for error, since the feedback device indicates the error and the control makes the necessary adjustments to bring the slide back to the position. They apply AC, DC or hydraulic servomotors.
第5页/共42页
• Text • 4. Tool changers— In a common machining, several different cutting
tools are used to produce a part. The tools must be replaced quickly for the next machining operation. For this reason, the majority of NC／CNC machine tools are equipped with automatic tool changers, such as magazines on machine center and turrets on turning centers. They allow tool changing without the intervention of the operator.

End
Topic Above 英 Next
Section II Translation
例如， 许多早期的机器人起源于机电一体化的发展。随 着机器人系统的智能化发展， 不仅机械系统、电子系 统，而且软件技术的发展也成为机电一体化的核心内 容。
End
Topic Above 英 Next
Section II ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱranslation
Lesson 8
What is mechatronics?
机电一体化是什么
•Section I Words and Phrases 词 •Section II Text 英 and Translation 汉 •Section III Exercises 练
Next End
Section I Words and Phrases
End
Topic Above Next
Section II Text
Mechatronics in Japan originated in the u niversity departments of precision mechanics, a discipline that has been emphasized in Japan since World War Ⅱ1. After the war, building on the expertise in mechanisms developed for we apon research, they began to specialize in pre cision engineering and, later, in manufacturing engineering. With the invention of the micropr ocessor and its incorporation into precision me chanics, the techniques and machinery they d eveloped were assumed under the Japanese ef fort called "mechatronics".

机电专业英语 高职高专 ppt 课件
[3] The more carbon the steel contains and the quicker the cooling is， the harder it becomes． 钢的含碳量越高，冷速越快，钢就变得越硬。 [4] ...because the alloying elements make them tougher，stronger or harder than carbon stainless steels． 因为合金元素能提高钢的韧性，强度和硬度（与碳钢比较）。 有些合金元素能提高钢的耐腐蚀性，这种钢称为不锈钢。 句中的“make”和“cause”均为及物动词，它们的宾语分别为 “them”和“steel”。作为宾语“them”的补足语是形容比较 级“tougher，stronger or harder”，而宾语“steel”的补足 语是不定式短语“to resist corrosion”。“stainless steels” 作主语“such steel”的补充语。
机电专业英语 高职高专 ppt 课件
2．Alloy steels (1) Special alloy steel，such as nickel， chromium steel． (2) High-speed steel also known as self-hardening steel．
机电专业英语 高职高专 ppt 课件
书名：机电专业英语 ISBN： 978-7-111-34794-1 作者：周美蓉 出版社：机械工业出版社 本书配有电子课件
机电专业英语 高职高专 ppt 课件
Part Ⅱ Machining Operation
Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit 4 5 6 7 8 9