高二英语 Unit 2 Grammar 虚拟语气 II知识精讲 人教新课标版选修 6
- 格式:doc
- 大小:133.00 KB
- 文档页数:19
高二英语虚拟语气知识精讲一语气的定义和种类(一)语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
(二)语气的种类1、陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如:①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊!2、祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
如:①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
3、虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功!。
二虚拟语气的主要内容(一)、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气用于if引导的非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词有三种形式:(1)表示与过去的事实相反,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。
如:①If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.②If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train.③If she hadn’t been ill, she might have come.(2)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
虚拟语气(2)编稿:牛新阁审稿:王春霞概念引入上一单元我们学习了虚拟语气中与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟条件句及宾语从句的虚拟语气。
本单元要继续学习虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,及虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用。
首先,我们先看下面含虚拟语气的句子:1. We would have won, if Jack had scored that goal.2. We would have won if we hadn’t stayed up so late the night before.3. We would have won the championship, if we had got Mr Han to coach us.4. If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.这些句子都是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
下面我们就来学习这部分内容。
用法讲解与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句的动词形式从表格可知,虚拟条件句与过去事实相反时,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时,而主句的谓语用would/should/might/could加现在完成时形式。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话---he didn’t take my advice)If you had e a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话,你就见到他了。
(事实:来晚了---you came late)If She hadn’t been so strict with herself, she wouldn’t have made such great progress.她要是对自己要求不严格,她就不会有这样大的进步。
虚拟语气【学习目标】1.To go over some basic knowledge of subjunctive mood.2.To do some exercises to master the grammar.虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)概念:一种表示愿望,建议,假设的语气,用来表示说的话不是事实,或者可能性很小的情况。
if引导的条件句的虚拟语气: l.If he hadn^t created the monster, his wife wouldn^t have died.2.If I had one million now, I would donate it to poor people・3.If it should be fine tomorrow, I would go to climb the mountain.虚拟语气动词形式对应【跟踪演练】1.要是我上个学期努力学习英语的话,我就不会考试失败了。
If I had studied English hard last term, I wouldn^t have failed the exam.2.假如他今晚能回来的话,他也许会给你一些建议。
If he were to come back this evening,he might give you some advice.3•要是我是你,我明天就向老师道歉。
If I were you,I would apologize to the teacher tomorrow.4.要是我是你,我就听老师的建议。
If I were you, I would follow the teacher^s advice.if条件句的省略和倒装省略if的条件句需符合的条件:条件句的谓语动词有系动词were,助动词had或should,可将if 省略,而把were, had, should移到主语前。
高二英语 Unit 2 Grammar 虚拟语气 II知识精讲人教新课标版选修 6一、学习目标:1. 学习虚拟语气在名词性从句中及其他从句中的应用。
2. 掌握虚拟语气使用的语境及方法。
二、重点、难点:虚拟语气在各种从句中的句型结构。
三、考情分析:在高考题中,目前全国19套各省试题中涉及到虚拟语气知识点的占30%以上,因此这一语法项目在高考中变得越来越重要。
这一知识点经常以单项选择题的形式出现,分值为1分。
而且,我们在日常对话中也经常会用到虚拟语气。
四、知能提升(一)知识讲解【认知讲解】l. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:1)在“It is important (strange,natural,necessary)that…”这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构,表示某事是“重要”、“奇怪”、“自然”、“必要”的等意义。
It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.重要的是每个成员都应该知道这些规则。
It is necessary that we (should) do something to protect the environment.我们每一个人都很有必要做些事情来保护环境。
It is strange that a well behaved gentleman should be so rude to the lady.真奇怪,那个举止得体的绅士竟然对那位女士如此粗鲁。
2)It is ordered/suggested that…从句that引导的主语从句的谓语动词用“(should)+v.”结构。
这一类的动词还有:propose, require, demand, request, insist, ask等。
It is ordered that the cloth (should) be woven right now.命令传来,应该马上织布。
If引导非真实条件句〔虚拟语气〕语法教学设计
一、«高中英语课程标准»分析:
虚拟语气这一语法工程是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一,在高考题型中都有可能会涉及到,是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点和难点,也是高考英语常考的一个考点,掌握好虚拟语气对于语言理解和运用也具有重要的意义。
1什么是虚拟语气即虚拟语气的概念;
引导虚拟语气的语法规那么;
二、学情分析:
学生英语学习习惯差,语法知识混乱。
很多学生学习英语困难,根底知识不扎实,在实际做题时常常无从下手,不能灵活运用。
三、教学目标:
1知识与技能目标:掌握if引导虚拟语气语法的根本规那么;能解决有关虚拟语气的习题。
2过程与方法目标:教师讲解引导,举例并做练习
3情感和价值目标:通过教师主动性和创造性的发挥,激发学生的学习兴趣,体验成就感。
四、教学重难点:
1教学重点:了解和掌握if引导虚拟语气语法工程的根本规那么
2教学难点:能运用语法规那么去完成各种练习,并在实际语言活动中去灵活应用,培养学生的语言运用能力和英语思维。
五、教学和学法方法:
教法讲授法:情景教学法,任务型教学法
六:教学手段:
多媒体辅助教学
七、教学过程:
te
e here
tomorrow,
I________t
a him
〔通过上面三个小题的练习,让学生掌握虚拟语气这项语法在高考解题中的灵活运用〕
教学反思:
通过本节语法课的复习教学,改变传统语法教学, 通过设置情景和任务让学生在学习语法规那么的同时,认识到这些语法规那么和语言知识在实际生活和学习中的实用性。
吸引学生进行英语学习,提高学习兴趣。
高二英语 Unit 2 Grammar 虚拟语气 II 人教新课标版选修 6一、学习目标:1. 学习虚拟语气在名词性从句中及其他从句中的应用。
2. 掌握虚拟语气使用的语境及方法。
二、重点、难点:虚拟语气在各种从句中的句型结构。
三、考情分析:在高考题中,目前全国19套各省试题中涉及到虚拟语气知识点的占30%以上,因此这一语法项目在高考中变得越来越重要。
这一知识点经常以单项选择题的形式出现,分值为1分。
而且,我们在日常对话中也经常会用到虚拟语气。
四、知能提升(一)知识讲解【认知讲解】l. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:1)在“It is important (strange,natural,necessary)that…”这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构,表示某事是“重要”、“奇怪”、“自然”、“必要”的等意义。
It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.重要的是每个成员都应该知道这些规则。
It is necessary that we (should) do something to protect the environment.我们每一个人都很有必要做些事情来保护环境。
It is strange that a well behaved gentleman should be so rude to the lady.真奇怪,那个举止得体的绅士竟然对那位女士如此粗鲁。
2)It is ordered/suggested that…从句that引导的主语从句的谓语动词用“(should)+v.”结构。
这一类的动词还有:propose, require, demand, request, insist, ask等。
It is ordered that the cloth (should) be woven right now.命令传来,应该马上织布。
【考题链接】(1)It is required that you ____ at six.A. will arriveB. arriveC. arrivedD. would arrive答案:B解题思路:在“It is required that…”句型中,that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should +v”,这里省略了should,所以选B项。
(2)It is important that I ___ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will speakD. to speak答案:A解题思路:在“It is important that…”句型中,that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+ v”,在这里省略了should,所以选A项。
(3)It is really strange that the girl _______ so early.A. has been marriedB. has marriedC. should have been marriedD. would marry答案:C解题思路:在“It is strange that…”句型中,that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should +v”,在这里叙述的是过去的事情,所以用到了完成式。
2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中。
(13讲已经讲解,不再重复)(2)在suggest,demand,order,propose,insist,command,request,desire 表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”结构,我们可以用一个口诀来记忆:一坚持(insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(advise,suggest,propose)四要求(ask,demand,require,request)。
Her father insists that she (should) learn music after she leaves school.她父亲坚持她毕业后学习音乐。
The doctor recommended that I take more exercise to lose weight.医生建议我要多运动以减轻体重。
Our teacher required that we should finish our homework before supper.老师要求我们晚饭前把作业做完。
I demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。
【易错点】在这些动词里面,insist和suggest较为特殊,suggest表示“表明,暗示”时,insist表示“坚持”一个事实时,后面不用虚拟语气。
Alice insisted that she had done nothing wrong and that she shouldn’t be blamed.爱丽丝坚持说她没做错什么,不应该受到责备。
The smile on his face suggested that he had passed the exam.他脸上的微笑表明他通过了考试。
【考题链接】(1) He insisted that John ________ it.A. doB. doesC. didD. would do答案:A解题思路:考查insist后面的虚拟语气。
结构为should+动词原形,should可以省略。
(2) Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ nothing wrong and that he_______.A. had done; be freedB. have done; should be freedC. did; freedD. do; be freed答案:A解题思路:第一个空白处是坚持一个事实,不用虚拟语气,而第二个空白处则用虚拟语气,所以A项正确。
(3) His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.A. had beenB. wasC. beD. should be答案:B解题思路:这里的suggest意为表明,后面不接虚拟语气。
(4) Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustn’t allowD. coul dn’t allow答案:A解题思路:recommend 后面的(that)从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+ do”, should可以省略。
Teachers recommend parents should not allow…=Teachers recommend parents not allow…句意:老师建议父母出于安全考虑最好不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车去学校。
3. 虚拟语气在其他名词性从句中的应用:1)表语从句:虚拟语气还可用于某些表语从句中,谓语动词用(should)+v结构。
常有下列名词作主语:order, suggestion, request, proposal, advice, requirement, plan, idea, decision.His order is that we(should) set out right now.他的命令是我们立刻出发。
【考题链接】(1)The doctor’s advice is that the patient ______ about his real physical condition.A. be not toldB. not be toldC. will not be toldD.must not be told答案:B解题思路:由advice作主语的表语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should (not) +v”,在这里省略了should,故选B项。
2)The idea is that the nation ______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first.A. sentB. sendsC. sendD. must send答案:C解题思路:同上一小题。
2)虚拟语气还可用于某些同位语从句中,常用单词有order, suggestion, request, proposal, advice, requirement, plan, idea, decision;同位语从句中的谓语动词用(should)+v形式。
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English Evening?你认为他的关于我们应该在英语晚会上进行演出的建议怎样?【考题链接】What do you think of his proposal that improvements ______ in the old type of vacuum cleaner?A. be madeB. will be madeC. would be madeD. will have to bemade答案:A解题思路:proposal后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should +v”,should可以省略,故选A项。
4. 虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法:(1)在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中,主句和从句都用虚拟语气,动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。
Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 即使生了病,他仍去了办公室。
【考题链接】1)I wouldn’t marry Pat even if she ______ the last woman on earth.A. isB. wasC. had beenD. were答案:D解题思路:even if引导的让步状语从句要用虚拟语气,本句中是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,故选D项。