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高中英语名词性从句知识讲解以及练习题附答案一、名词性从句概述名词性从句是一种充当名词作用的从句，通常在主句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
它通常由引导词（如that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which, what等）引导，并且从句中含有一个主语和谓语。
名词性从句的种类有很多，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
下面我们将逐一介绍这些从句。
二、主语从句主语从句作为一个名词，通常位于句首，是一个句子，主要作用是作为主句的主语。
引导主语从句的词：What (什么)；Whether (是否)；If (是否)；That (那个)。
例句：What he said is true. (他说的是真的。
)Whether it will rain tomorrow is uncertain. (明天是否会下雨还不确定。
)If you go, I will go too. (如果你走，我也跟着走。
)That he is coming is good news. (他来的消息是好消息。
)注意：主语从句的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。
What引导的主语从句通常用来表示“事物”的概念。
三、宾语从句宾语从句是一个名词，通常位于主句的动词后面，作为主句的宾语。
它可以由常见的宾语从句引导词引导，例如whether, if, that, who, whom, whose, what, when, where, how等。
引导宾语从句的词：Whether (是否)；If (是否)；That (那个)；Who (谁)；Whom (谁)；Whose (谁的)；What (什么)；When (何时)；Where (何处)；How (如何)。
例句：I know that he is coming. (我知道他要来。
)I wonder if he is telling the truth. (我想知道他是否说了真话。
专题十名词性从句A组三年模拟精选(2015～2013)(改编)1.(2015·辽宁鞍山联考)One day，he came up with an idea he would pluckup all of his crop a few inches.解析考查同位语从句的引导词。
因后面是一个完整的句子，且该句是说明空格前面an idea的具体内容，所以是同位语从句。
从句结构完整，故要用that引导。
答案that2.(2015·广西南宁二中月考) is important is that we let others know wecare about them.解析考查主语从句的引导词。
根据句子结构可知，系动词is前的句子缺少主语，表示“重要的事情”要用what。
答案What3.(2015·内蒙古师大附中月考)Over the next several months，my professor taught meone story was so much better than the other.解析考查宾语从句的引导词。
教授教给我的是为什么一个故事比另一个更好。
根据句意可知此处要用why引导宾语从句。
答案why4.(2015·河南开封四模)A study found girls who ate five or more familymeals a week had a much healthier relationship with food in later life.解析考查宾语从句的引导词。
谓语动词found后为宾语从句，宾语从句中不缺少成分，故要用that引导。
答案that5.(2015·四川成都七中二诊)Perhaps my mother had told me was deeplyrooted in my mind.解析考查主语从句的引导词。
语法复习之名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.（四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十：名词性从句名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题（短文改错）考查了宾语从句的引导词，My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句)②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句)③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句)④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句)引导名词性从句的关联词：从属连词that, because疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what,whether,if疑问副词when, where ,why,how,缩合连接词whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,h owever, whenever,wherever关联短语as if ,as though注意：连词that在引导名词性从句时无词义，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。
具体用法见下表：主语从句大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
(what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever, whoever, whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
)►It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪开会无所谓。
【注意】(1)常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/important/certain...)＋that从句②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/good news/a fact/an honour...)＋that从句③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/heard/reported/decided/suggested...)＋that从句④It＋特殊动词(seem/appear/happen/matter)＋that从句(2)在“It is necessary/important/natural...＋that从句”的结构中，从句谓语常用“(should ＋)动词原形”。
宾语从句1．动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后有that引导的宾语从句作宾语补足语时，则常用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
►I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天摄入足量的白开水很有必要。
2．有些动词(短语)不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it。
常见的有hate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, appreciate, see to等。
姓名，年级：时间：专题十名词性从句基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1。
(2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure is more frightened，me or the female gorilla（大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere。
答案who 此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。
本题考查宾语从句.“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语，故填who。
2。
（2018河南郑州一中六次测试）They wanted to understand who painted the pictures and they might mean.答案what 句意：他们想知道是谁画了这些画以及它们可能表示什么。
“they might mean” 为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,且设空处表示“事物”,故填what。
3.(2018河南天一大联考Ⅲ)I first have to remove all the rotten parts， and sometimes，is left isn't enough for my designs。
答案what 句意：我首先必须要去掉所有腐烂的部分,有时剩下的部分不够我设计使用.“is left”为主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语且表示“物”，故填what。
4。
(2018湖北襄阳1月调研）The WHO has stated that of the 56.5 million deaths per year around the world, over 50 percent arecaused by diseases closely associated with unhealthy diets and lack of exercise and many of these deaths could be prevented.答案that 句意：世界卫生组织公布在全世界每年5650万的死亡中有50％以上是由与不健康的饮食有关的疾病和缺乏锻炼造成的,而且这些死亡许多是可以避免的。
专题十名词性从句【高频考点解读】考查名词性从句中引导词的选用，区分what，that，wh-ever，whether，if等连接代词和连接副词的语义功能和语法功能。
尤其是把名词性从句与定语从句放在一起进行综合考查，增加了试题的难度。
【热点题型】题型一考查主语从句及连接词的辨析例1、It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A．how B．which C．that D．what【提分秘籍】that与what的区分1．引导名词性从句时，that没有意义，在从句中不作任何成分。
因此当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往用that，that引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句时不行省略。
2．what引导名词性从句时，意为“什么”(有时候可以不译出来)在从句中作主语、表语或宾语，从不行省略。
【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A．whether B．whereC．which D．that【热点题型】题型二考查宾语从句及连接词的辨析例2、We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A．who B．whomC．whoever D．whomever 【提分秘籍】“疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”的区分“疑问词＋ever”可以引导名词性从句，含有“无论……”之意，用法与“疑问词”一样，只是语气比疑问词本身的语气猛烈得多。
“疑问词＋ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的区分①“疑问词＋ever”引导名词性从句时，whoever＝anyone who，whatever＝anything that等。
如：Whoever(＝Anyone who)comes is welcome.②“no matter＋疑问词”只能用来引导状语从句。
高中英语名词性从句精讲从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。
在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句（包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：（1）从属连接：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）（2）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.（3）连接副词：when, where, how, why名词性从句知识点汇总1名词性从句的分类名词性从句，包括四种从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成，所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用，故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
如：1.That she will help me made us happy.（主语从句）2.I can understand what he said.（宾语从句）3.This is where I was born.（表语从句）4.The fact that a heavy earthquake happened made me crazy.（同位語从句）2名词性从句的连接词分类1.that（无含义，不充当成分）2.whether,if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分）3.连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why （在从句中做状语）4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句）3连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况1.it 做形式主语，that引导主语从句时It is said (that) he has been studying abroad.据说他一直在国外学习。
语法专题十：名词性从句名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题（短文改错）考查了宾语从句的引导词，My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句)②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句)③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句)④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句)注意：连词that从句中不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。
名词性从句一般都用陈述句．．．的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。
例如：①The problem is what he has done to the little boy.②We all don’t know when he will come.1. 主语从句在复合句中作主语的句子叫主语从句主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who,which,whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。
例如：①That he stole a bike was true.②What he wants to tell us is not clear.③Who will win the match is still unknown.④Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.⑤Whether he can pass the exam depends on whether he study hard or not.⑥Whatever you do is none of my business.⑦Whoever comes to our library will be welcome.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。
例如：①Where and when he was born has not been found.②When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.主语从句比较长的时候，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + 主语从句。
例如：①It is a fact that he has gone abroad.②It is a pity that you missed the sports meeting last week.（2）It + be + 形容词 + 主语从句。
例如：①It is obvious that he told a lie.②It is certain that he will win the game.（3）It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句。
例如：①It is said that she will come to the party tomorrow.②It has not been announced when the plane are to take off.（4）It + 不及物动词 + 主语从句。
例如：①It happened that the meeting was canceled that day.②It occurred to me that I had forgotten to bring my wallet.注意:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气 (should) +do，常用的句型是：It is necessary/important/natural/strange/essential, etc.) that … 例如：①It’s necessary that you should study hard.②It is strange that he should say that.③It is essential that a college student should master at least a foreign language.2. 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
例如：①I want to know what he has told you.②She always thinks of how she can work well.③She will give whoever needs help a warm support.1).由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。
但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
例如：He has told me (that) he will leave Wuhan and that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.注意:在insist,suggest, advise,decide, demand, desire,require, request,order, command等表示“坚持、建议、决定、要求、命令”（“坚决要命”）等意义的动词后，宾语从句中谓语部分常用虚拟语气，即should+ 动词原形。
例如：①I insist that she (should) do her work alone.②The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.但是, 如果suggest作“表明、暗示”讲, insist作“坚持说、坚持认为”讲，则其后的宾语从句中用陈述语气。
例如：①The smile on his face su ggested that he had passed the examination.②The boy insisted that he had not stolen the money.2).用whether或if引导的宾语从句whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。
但从句中有or not时或介词后的宾语从句中只能用whether 连接。
其它名词性从句，如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中表示“是否”只用whether. 介词后的宾语从句一般不用which和if引导，要用whether和what。
that也很少引导介词宾语从句，只在except, but, besides等之后才用。
例如：①I don’t care about whether you have money or not.②Everything depends on whether we have enough money.③He seldom loses his temper except that you make a fool of him.3).宾语从句中的时态呼应宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响，如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态。
例如：①I know that he studies English every day.②I know that he studied English last term.③I know (that) he will study English next year.④We all know that he has studied English since 1998.如果主句中的谓语动词用了一般过去时，则从句中的语动只能用过去时的某种形式，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等。
例如：①We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house.②The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
例如：The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.4).当主句是I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把否定词not从从句中转移到主句中成为否定的转移。
例如：①We don’t believe that he will win the game.②I don’t think he will do so.注意：doubt用于肯定结构时，后面用whether/ if 引导名词性从句；用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用 that 引导名词性从句。
be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接 that 引导的名词性从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/if 引导的名词性从句。
例如：①I doubt whether he will come tomorrow.②There is no doubt that he will come tomorrow.③I am sure that he will win the game.④I am not sure whether he will win the game.3. 表语从句在复合句中作表语的句子叫表语从句。
