大学英语视听说教案Unit 6.pdf

Part 1 Lead-inTeaching tipsHelp the students understand that body language is the type of communication in which a person uses the body, including facial expressions, to react to situations. It will be of great benefit to develop one's ability to read and understand signals and signs of body language as this will help in easily understanding the nature of other human beings and also improve communication with them.ACTIVITY 1 LISTENINGBody LanguageTapescript:Some of us think that what we say (verbal communication) is more important than how we say that. Researches show that we could not be more wrong. Do you know what the numbers 55% - 38% - 7% mean? 55% body, 38% tone and 7% words. How 1 incredible! Non-verbal communication is more important than verbal. We can be saying wise and clever things but if they are not 2 coherent with our body language, no one will believe us. When we are talking to other people we want to be sure that they are listening and understand us, otherwise we are wasting our precious time. We can see whether a person is listening to us by 3 observing their body movements. Let's make an experiment. When speaking to people, observe if:(1). they 4 maintain eye contact(2). their hands are 5 inclined forward(3). they are nodding their heads(4). their feet are pointing towards the speaker(5). they often smile.Check the answers:1. incredible2.coherent3. observing4. maintain5. inclinedTeaching tipsAllow the students to listen to the passage once to get the general idea of the passage. Then let the students listen to the tape again to pay attention to some details.ACTIVITY 2 VIEWINGDirections: Watch the video on How to Talk to Your Cat twice, and decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is false,correct it.Video Transcript：How to Talk to Your CatSure, you talk to your cat now, but does he know what the heck you’re saying? And do you understand his purrs and meow s? If not, it’s time to have a good chat with your furry friend.You will need:o A willingness to look sillyo Attention to pay to his soundso A working knowledge of cat body languageStep 1: Mimic his soundsCreate greater intimacy with your cat by mimicking his meows. Just knowing that you’re attempting to speak his language will make him feel closer to you.Step 2: Use his nameIncrease your chances of your cat listening to you by using his name when you’re issuing a command.Men should use a higher-pitched voice when speaking to their cats, because cats respond better to sopranos.Step 3: Watch your toneLike humans, cats seek clues about a person’s mood by listening to his voice. So when you talk to your cat, be sure that your tone matches the message you want to convey.If you want your cat to know you’re upset that he just peed on the rug, do what his mom would do: Gently pick him up by the scruff of his neck and growl.Step 4: Learn his languageCats have about 100 words in their vocabulary in the form of meows, growls, purrs and hisses. Pay close attention and you’ll begin to learn the sounds he makes when he’s hungry, angry, fearful and so on.Step 5: Read his tailLearn how to read your cat’s tail. If only the tip is moving, he’s irritated. If the ta il is swinging from side to side, he’s PO’d. If he’s carrying his tail tall and proud, he’s happy.Step 6: Interpret speed and volumeFigure out kitty’s mood by paying attention to the speed and volume of his mewling. Fast, loud sounds indicate anxiety, while slow, quieter sounds convey confidence. Did you know, in ancient Egypt, cats were so revered that when one died, the owner placed embalmed mice in the cat’s coffin so he’d have food in the afterlife.Note:PO’d：very angry (slang; not polite)Check the answers:Statements True / False Correct Answers 1. In order to have a good chat withyour cat you only need a willingness to look silly. FalseIn order to have a good chat withyour cat you will need:A willingness to look sillyAttention to pay to his soundsA working knowledge of cat bodylanguage2. When you talk to your cat, be surethat your tone matches the messageyou want to convey.True3. Cats have about 100 words in their vocabulary in the form of meows, growls, purrs and hisses.True 4. Fast, loud sounds indicate anxiety,while slow, quieter sounds indicate intimacy. FalseFast, loud sounds indicateanxiety, while slow, quietersounds convey confidence.ACTIVITY 3 SPEAKINGDirections: Work in pairs, discuss the following questions. Then share your opinions with the whole class.How Do We Communicate?⏹Ask the students to work in pairs, and then ask one or two groups to present theirown discussions.⏹Some ideas for reference:Animals communicate with each other and other species in the same ways we do, through vocalization and body language cues.We can communicate by words, by gestures, symbolic expressions and various other methods of communication. For example the way you walk, your posture, and the clothes you wear can communicate about you to others. Similarly, it is said that a mere cheerful look makes a dish a feast.A person will assume different roles to fit different situations, such as a) when talking to a business associate, b) when talking to an intimate friend, c) when talking to a subordinate, d) when talking to a spouse and e) when talking to a pet dog.Teaching tipsACTIVITY 1 ORAL FUNCTIONSDirections: Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the way of clarification.Help the students know more about clarification:While clarifying doesn’t actually sort out the problem, it does help to ensure that both parties have the same understanding about what the problem is. It also gives each the opportunity to agree or amend their understanding, and in this way enables them to move forward towards a resolution.The difficulty is that when we hear something negative it is human nature to take it as criticism. This immediately puts us on the defensive and/or we start fighting back before really having a full understanding of the issue being presented to us.ACTIVITY 2 ORAL PRACTICETask1ListeningDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.Tapescript:On HouseworkA: I know I don’t help much with the children, but I’m at work all day. It’s such a rush in the mornings and by evening time I’m tired and there’s usually only about an hour before they go to bed. What you forget is that although my wo rk isn’t physical, it is very stressful! I usually spend part of the weekend doing jobs around the house or gardening and shopping with you, and I also play with the children as much as I can.B: So you don’t think my job looking after the children and the home is as difficult as yours and I shouldn’t complain?A: No –I’m not saying that, I think it is a difficult job which you do extremely well. What I’m trying to tell you is why I feel I can’t do much more.B: But do you think I’m being unfair to say you don’t spend enough time with the children?Check the answers:I know; you don’t think; I’m not saying that; What I’m trying to tell you;do you think;Task 2 ViewingDirections: Watch the video clip of Titanic twice. Pay attention to the following two examples of clarification and fill in the blanks.Video Transcript：JACK: Don’t do it!ROSE: Stay back! Don’t come any closer!JACK: Come on! Just give me your hand and I’ll pull you back over.ROSE: No, stay where you are! I mean it! I’ll let go!JACK: No you won’t!ROSE: What do you mean, no, I won’t? Don’t presume to tell me what I will and will not do. You don’t know me.JACK: Well, you would have done it already.ROSE: You’re distracting me. Go away!JACK: I can’t. I’m involved now. You let go, and I’m gonna have to jump in there after you.ROSE: Don’t be absurd. You’d be killed.JACK: I’m a good swimmer.ROSE: The fall alone would kill you.JACK: It would hurt, I’m not saying it wouldn’t. To tell you the truth, I’m a lot more concerned about that water being so cold.ROSE: How cold?JACK: Freezing. Maybe a couple of degrees over. Have you ever, uh, ever been toWisconsin?ROSE: What?JACK: Well, they have some of the coldest winters around. I grew up there, near Chippewa Falls. I remember when I was a kid, me and my father, we went ice-fishing out in Lake Wisota. Ice-fishing is, you know, when you…ROSE: I know what ice-fishing is!Check the answers:Example 1:ROSE: No, stay where you are! I mean it! I’ll let go!JACK: No you won’t!ROSE: What do you mean, no, I won’t? Don’t presume to tell me what I will and will not do. You don’t know me.JACK: Well, you would have done it already.Example 2:JACK: It would hurt, I’m not saying it wouldn’t. To tell you the truth, I’m a lot more concerned about that water being so cold.ROSE: How cold?JACK: Freezing. Maybe a couple of degrees over. Have you ever, uh, ever been to Wisconsin?ROSE: What?JACK: Well, they have some of the coldest winters around. I grew up there, near Chippewa Falls. I remember when I was a kid, me and my father, we went ice-fishing out in Lake Wisota. Ice-fishing is, you know, when you…ROSE: I know what ice-fishing is!Task 3 SpeakingDirections: Work with a partner and then come up with two dialogues that include clarification.Try to use as many as possible of the usefulexpressions and ideas that you learned in this unit.Teaching tipsSample:A: I’m so fed up with the arguments. There’s such an atmosphere - when you walk into the office you can cut it with a knife! I’ve started dreading going to work and on some mornings when I’m getting ready, I actually start feeling sick. She doesn’t seem to be affected by it at all, but I just don’t enjoy my job any more.B: So you’re finding it difficult to go to work because of this woman’s behavior, and it sounds like you’re thinking about leaving?A: No –that’s just it! I used to love my job, and I still love the work. It’s just her that I’m finding difficult. What I want is for her to behave differently.In this instance, while Person A seemed to be saying that she wanted to leave her job, in fact what she was saying that she wanted the situation in the office to change, so that she could once again enjoy her work.Notes:you could cut the atmosphere with a knife: something that you say to describe a situation in which everyone is feeling very angry or nervous and you feel that something unpleasant could soon happen.Part 3 In-putting & Out-puttingACTIVITY 1 LISTENING TO LEARNIn this section, you will hear a passage about baby sign language. Before you listen, think about the following questions:⏹What is baby sign language?⏹Does baby signing help or hinder?Background information:Baby sign language is a method in which you and your infant (or toddler) uses specific handshapes and motions to convey words and meaning (quickly and easily) with each other.Tapescript:Baby Sign LanguagePrior to mastering the art of speech, your baby has great difficulty in communicating his needs to you. This can cause frustration for you both -- yet there is a solution. Baby sign language is rapidly becoming popular as a means of recognizing -- and responding to -- a young baby's needs.Babies can be taught sign language from any age, but they really begin to take notice of the signs from around six months and may begin using them from as early as seven to eight months of age. As many parents will testify, babies understand an awful lot more than they are able to communicate through speech at this stage.Some parents fear that using baby sign language may hamper their child's speech development later on. Research into this subject, however, shows that children taught baby sign in infancy go on to develop superb language skills. In some cases, they may learn to speak earlier and often have an increased ability to learn a second language.There are other benefits to introducing baby sign language - studies indicate that children who sign often develop a higher than average IQ. The major advantage for parents, of course, is to be able to identify their babies' needs and respond appropriately -- easing the frustrations that can lead to tantrums. Once this channel of communication is open, many parents feel that a deeper bond with their child is formed, creating a great sense of harmony.Task 1 Listening for InformationDirections: Listen to the passage once and decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is false, correct it.Statements True/ False Correct Answers1. Baby sign language is becomingpopular as a means of recognizing-- and responding to -- a youngbaby's needs.True2. Babies can be taught signlanguage from any age.True3. Baby sign language hampersbabies’ speech development. FalseResearch shows thatchildren taught baby signin infancy go on todevelop superb languageskills.4. Studies indicate that children whosign often develop an average IQ. FalseStudies indicate thatchildren who sign oftendevelop a higher thanaverage IQ.Task 2 Listening for DetailsDirections: The following sentences are taken from the passage you have just heard. Listen carefully again and fill in the blanks.1. Prior to mastering the art of speech, your baby has great difficulty in communicatinghis needs to you.2. As many parents will testify, babies understand an awful lot more than they are ableto communicate through speech at this stage.3. In some cases, they may learn to speak earlier and often have an increased ability to learn a second language.4. Once this channel of communication is open, many parents feel that a deeper bond with their child is formed, creating a great sense of harmony.Task 3 Oral PracticeDirections: Take a survey. Ask your classmates about their opinions on the importance of body language. Then explain the results of yoursurvey to the class.Teaching tips■Allow students time to share their ideas.■Circulate and help students with vocabulary as needed.More for teachersBenefits of using baby sign languagePromotes the development of language skillsReinforces language skills already developedReduces frustration at not being able to express needsIt is true that eyes are the mirror of the soulThe facts about negative emotions, confusion, not understanding, lying, distracted, non-interest and anger is very well expressed with eyes. If you look away in an airy fairy manner, it clearly suggests you are not comprehending the topic of group discussion.It takes ten seconds to make a first impression and a lifetime to undo itAccording to some studies, 93% of communication is non-verbal. Out of this 55% is through body language and 38% is tone of voice and balance 7% of total communication is verbal. ACTIVITY 2VIEWING TO LEARNIn this section, you will watch and hear Alison Doyle, a Job Searching Guide, talking about the importance of body language during a job interview.Video Transcript：Hi, I'm Alison Doyle for . What you don't say during an interview is as important as what you do say. How you dress, your body language, and your communication skills will all be evaluated by the interviewer. Today I'm going to show you the best ways to use them to your advantage.Job Interview Communication College Journal reports that, according to some studies, body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and paralanguage, or the intonation -- pauses and sighs given when answering -- represents 38% of the emphasis. To maximize the perceptions you communicate, you want to use these non-verbal impressions to your advantage.Job Interview AttireFirst, consider your interview attire. Surveys show that dressing unprofessionally or untidily is the leading reason that candidates are excluded from consideration. This candidate already has more strikes against her than she can afford: inappropriate clothing, chewing gum, drinking coffee, and overall unprofessionalism. Dressing appropriately in a clean and professional interview outfit can increase your chances of getting a job offer.Nonverbal Communication in InterviewsNonverbal communication is as important, or even more important, than verbal communication. The evaluation of your nonverbal communication will start as soon as you walk into the company's lobby and continue until the interview is finished.Turn off your cell phone before you enter the building. Talking on the phone during an interview is not only disruptive, it's rude.Prepare for the InterviewPrepare answers to typical interview questions in advance, so you're comfortable responding.Job Interview Body LanguageIt's important to make eye contact with your interviewer and to focus on the question. Stay relaxed, but do not laugh or crack jokes at inappropriate times. You should show personality, but don't overdo it because you're nervous or over-eager.Relax and lean forward a little towards the interviewer so you appear interested and engaged. Don't lean back or slump in your chair. You will look too casual and relaxed. Keep your feet on the floor and your back against the lower back of the chair. Pay attention, be attentive, and look interested. Focus on the interviewer, and don’t get distracted.A polished and professional image is what is going to get you to the next stage of the hiring process, a second interview or even a job offer. Thanks for watching. To learn more, visit us on the Web at .Task 1 Viewing for InformationDirections: Watch the talk once and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.Check the answers:1. A2. B3.CTask 2 Viewing for DetailsDirections: In this talk, Alison Doyle gives us several tips on how to speak through appearance and body language in order to create a positiveimpression. Watch the video clip again and write down the tipsmentioned.Check the answers:1. Dress professionally2. Utilize non-verbal communication3. Avoid interruptions4. Come prepared5. Maintain body languageTask 3 Oral PracticeDirections: Work with a partner and use the clues given below to re-create two paragraphs. Student A does the first paragraph, while Student B listens and checks it. Then change roles and continue with paragraph two.1.According to some studies, body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and paralanguage, or the intonation -- pauses and sighs given when answering -- represents 38% of the emphasis. To maximize the perceptions you communicate, you want to use these non-verbal impressions to your advantage.2.It's important to make eye contact with your interviewer and to focus on the question. Stay relaxed, but do not laugh or crack jokes at inappropriate times. You should show personality, but don't overdo it because you're nervous or over-eager. Part 4 Follow-up ActivitiesACTIVITY 1 LISTENING TO LEARNTask 1 Listening for InformationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanksnumbered 1 to 8 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanks numbered 9 to 11, fill in the missing information, using theexact words you have just heard or your own words. Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, check what you have written. Tapescript:On LanguageWhen each of you in this room were born, there were 6,000 languages spoken on the (1)planet. Now, a language is not just a body of (2)vocabulary or a set of grammatical rules. A language is a (3)flash of the human spirit. Every language is an old-growth forest of the mind, a watershed, a thought, an ecosystem of spiritual (4)possibilities.And of those 6,000 languages, as we sit here today in Monterey, fully half are no longer being (5)whispered into the ears of children. They're no longer being taught to babies, which means, (6)effectively, unless something changes, they're already dead. What could be more lonely than to be enveloped in (7)silence, to be the last of your people to speak your language, to have no way to pass on the (8)wisdom of the ancestors or anticipate the promise of the children? And yet, (9)that dreadful fate is indeed the plight of somebody somewhere on Earth roughly every two weeks, because every two weeks, some elder dies and carries with him into the grave the last syllables of an ancient tongue.And I know there's some of you who say, "Well, wouldn't it be better? (10) Wouldn't the world be a better place if we all just spoke one language?" And I say, "Great, let's make that language Yoruba. Let's make it Cantonese. Let's make it Kogi." And you'll suddenly discover (11)what it would be like to be unable to speak your own language.Task 2 Oral PracticeDirections: Look carefully at the following cartoons and topics, then pick one of them. Present a three-minute speech on it before your class. Try touse as many as possible of the useful expressions and ideas thatyou learned in this unit.Teaching Tips●Put the students into groups and ask them to prepare for this part before class.●Encourage students to use the Internet and other resources.●Evaluation is necessary after the students’ presentations.ACTIVITY 2 VIEWING TO LEARNTask 1 Viewing for InformationDirections: Watch the video On the World's English Mania. Then answer the three questions below.Background information:Jay Walker explains why two billion people around the world are trying to learn English. He shares photos and spine-tingling audio of Chinese students rehearsing English -- "the world's second language" -- by the thousands.Video Transcript：On the World's English ManiaLet's talk about manias. Let's start with Beatle mania. Hysterical teenagers, crying, screaming, pandemonium. Sports mania. Deafening crowds. All for one idea: Get the ball in the net. Okay, religious mania. There's rapture. There's weeping. There's visions. Manias can be good. Manias can be alarming. Or manias can be deadly. The world has a new mania. A mania for learning English. Listen as Chinese students practice their English by screaming it.Teacher: ... change my life!Students: I will change my life.T: I don't want to let my parents down.S: I don't want to let my parents down.T: I don't ever want to let my country down.S: I don't ever want to let my country down.T: Most importantly ...S: Most importantly ...T: I don't want to let myself down.S: I don't want to let myself down.Jay Walker: How many people are trying to learn English worldwide? Two billion of them.Students: A T-shirt. A dress.JW: In Latin America, in India, in Southeast Asia, and most of all in China. If you are a Chinese student you start learning English in the third grade, by law. That's why this year China will become the world's largest English speaking country. (Laughter) Why English? In a single word: Opportunity. Opportunity for a better life, a job, to be able to pay for school, or put better food on the table. Imagine a student taking a giant test for three full days. Her score on this one test literally determines her future. She studies 12 hours a day for three years to prepare. 25 percent of her grade is based on English. It's called the Gaokao. And 80 million high school Chinese students have already taken this grueling test. The intensity to learn English is almost unimaginable. Unless you witness it.T: Perfect! S: Perfect!T: Perfect! S: Perfect!T: I want to speak perfect English.S: I want to speak perfect English.T: I want to speak -- S: I want to speak --T: perfect English. S: perfect English.T: I want to change my life!S: I want to change my life!JW: So is English mania good or bad? Is English a tsunami, washing away other languages? Not likely. English is the world's second language. Your native language is your life. But with English you can become part of a wider conversation. A global conversation about global problems. Like climate change or poverty. Or hunger or disease. The world has other universal languages. Mathematics is the language of science. Music is the language of emotions. And now English is becoming the language of problem solving. Not because America is pushing it. But because the world is pulling it. So English mania is a turning point. Like the harnessing of electricity in our cities, or the fall of the Berlin Wall, English represents hope for a better future. A future where the world has a common language to solve its common problems. Thank you very much. (Applause)Task 2 Oral Practice1. Directions: Read the following dialogue and discuss with your partner aboutLanguage Learning according to the key points listed in the box.Dashan’s Feelings about Language LearningZhao Wei: You have been in China for so many years, what’s yo ur feeling about living in China? Do you enjoy it?Dashan: Well, actually, I lived in China full time for 7 years, from 1988 to 1995. But now since 1995, I live half in Canada and half in China. I really enjoy that, because I enjoy my work in China and my friends and everything here. But I also enjoy Canada. So I find the best thing for me is to go back and forth, because that way I can continue with my career here and have my normal life in Canada where nobody recognizes me. For me, both of those together are really the best combination.Zhao: I think Chinese people are more familiar with you speaking Chinese, but our magazine needs you to speak English. So it’s lucky for us to hear your English this time. I just wonder which language do you speak more in your daily life, Chinese or English?Dashan:It’s hard to say, because sometimes it depends on what you are doing, whom you are talking with and what subject you are talking about. But I find talking about something very Chinese is difficult to do in English. And also from the opposite way, sometimes trying to explain something about western culture in Chinese is difficult too.Zhao: You are considered a successful foreign language learner, could you share with us your experience in learning foreign languages?Dashan: I studied Chinese for 4 years in my university in Canada. I think one of the things my teacher did very well was to get away from traditional textbooks as soon as possible. We used the standard textbooks for the first 2 years, because you have to learn the pinyin, you have to learn the basic characters and basic grammar. For those things, textbooks are the best, because they are very scientific. Everything is nicely arranged for you to learn in order. But language itself is not like that. In many ways, it’s not really a very scientific thing. I think many people in China who study English have a mistake. They try to use very scientific methods to study something that itself is very unscientific.Key Points in Discussionfeelings about living in Chinadepend onexperiences in learning foreign languages。

Unit 6Video scriptNarrator: In the country of Argentina, cowboy life has scarcely changed over the past three centuries. The gaucho is a hero here; for most people, he is a legendary figure that is larger than life. But in the far reaches of the country, there are still men for whom the gaucho is more than a legend. For them, it is their life; they are the gauchos of Argentina.The cowboy life of the gaucho came to Argentina from Spanish culture. It created a unique type of men who were as hardy and self-reliant as the animals for which they cared. The word “gaucho〞means “outcast〞, or one who doesn’t belong to a specific society or group.There are as many kinds of gauchos as there are varied terrains in Argentina. There are gauchos on the soft flat pampas of Corrientes, on the windswept plains of Patagonia, and in the wooded hills of Salta.Don JoséAnsola, a 76-year-old horseman, seems to be the “classic gaucho〞, and one who treasures his residence in a remote region of Corrientes. He believes solitude helps to keep gaucho life in its purest form. Don José Ansola, Corrientes Gaucho: “If I couldn’t live in the campo, the countryside—an unthinkable thought—I don’t know what I’d do.〞Narrator: According to Don José, he would rather live in a poor little house in the country than in a palace in the city. Don José’s 400-square-kilometer ranch in Corrientes is far from everything, so Don Josédepends entirely on his horses to travel. As a result, he and his three sons spend much of their time finding and catching the wild horses that run free in the countryside. The horses must then be “broken〞so that they’ll allow people to ride them. Ansola: “Breaking a horse is a slow process, taking more than a year. This is something the horse learns to put up with.〞Narrator: The gaucho explains that the horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins so the riders aren’t thrown off later. The treatment seems cruel, but according to Don José it’s actually not. The training, he says, often seems harsher than it is.Ansola: “We love our horses, and in the end, they love us in return. This is the traditional way of training a horse in Argentina—the gaucho way.〞Narrator: Being a gaucho, though, is more than a life of solitude and caring for horses and cattle. The gaucho way of life has its own strict code of ethics. Hospitality and respect for others are as much a part of this lifestyle as the art of breaking horses. Argentina is nearly the last place where this code of ethics and the demanding lifestyle of the gaucho still exist. The country is home to nearly 150,000 gauchos who are very much a part of the national identity. There are gauchos in all parts of the country, even 2,000 kilometers south of Buenos Aires, on the edge of Antarctica in Patagonia.The harsh terrain of this region has its own type of gaucho as well. Here, the gauchos raise sheep, not cattle, and even more surprisingly, many speak English. Many of the ancestors of Patagonian gauchos were immigrants fromScotland. Several of these settlers came to the area during the 19th century, including the ancestors of Eduardo Halliday and his father, Jimmy. These two gauchos run a ranch in Patagonia, and for them, this strange terrain seems like the perfect place to live.The Hallidays enjoy living in the region for a number of reasons. For Jimmy, the most refreshing aspect about living in Patagonia is that there’s space everywhere so he can see far in all directions. The land is also rich, he says, and produces everything that he and his family need. Life on the plains of Patagonia is difficult, even harsh, but the gauchos here have learned how to adjust and succeed.Eduardo has lived his entire life on the family ranch and has learned the traditional ways from his father. The goal of every gaucho is self-reliance, and these gauchos of Patagonia are no different. Because the ranch is so remote, father and son have to utilize everything they have available. This also means they don’t abandon anything quickly and often use and reuse everything they have, including thei r bags and their boots. After all, it’s a long way to go to buy new ones.Gauchos are experts at adjusting to their surroundings. Here, they’ve learned to use a local weapon called a “boleadora〞. Made of leather and small stones, boleadoras are still used to hunt rhea. Pursuing the small flightless birds is no problem, but hitting them can be tough. As the gauchos fly like the wind along the plains on their strong horses, the rheas run swiftly ahead of them. It’s an exciting chase, but the rheas get away—this time. Narrator: Twenty-nine hundred kilometers north of Patagonia is the region of Salta. Here the stony hills and rough terrain have produced yet a different kind of gaucho. The gauchos here were once fierce soldiers for Argentina, and they won recognition and respect in the Argentine war of independence from Spain. They’re famous for their huge leather chaps and red ponchos, and often celebrate their proud traditions in an annual parade.One of the best horsemen in the area is Rudecindo Campos. Rudecindo loves being a gaucho and says that it’s the life he’s always wanted. Rudecindo Campos, Salta Gaucho: “In life there are all kinds of people: engineers, doctors, and gauchos. I knew I had to choose one or the other. I have always had a gaucho soul and I like being a gaucho.〞Narrator: However, choosing the life of a gaucho means more than just working with horses. Just as it is in Corrientes, a strict code of ethics and principles is essential to the gaucho lifestyle in Salta as well.Don Coco Campos, R udecindo’s Father: “It’s not only knowing how to catch an animal with a rope, use a saddle or ride a horse. It’s also about being good and kind. When you ask a gaucho a favor, he must not refuse. He does it.〞Narrator: At times, it’s difficult to make enou gh money working as a gaucho. In order to survive, Rudecindo must work at a part-time job so he can continue training horses. He specializes in training a strong little horse from the area called a criollo. It’s one of the few animals that can round up cat tle in this roughterrain covered with thorns. To protect themselves from the environment, horse and rider rely on their special leather chaps. The thick leather protects the pair from injuries as they round up the last of the cattle.In Salta, each time the gauchos successfully return the cattle safely back to the ranch, there’s a lively fiesta, a celebration in which women have always had an important role. Rudecindo’s wife, who comes from the city, talks about life on the ranch.Rudecindo’s Wife: “It’s very difficult to adapt to the slower pace of the campo. In the city, you live faster and you are less attentive to nature. We’ve lost that in the city. We’ve lost some of our humanity, which my husband hasn’t lost. He’s not caught up in the trivia of everyday life. You can really get consumed by small things, and you forget what’s important.〞Rudecindo: “If I go into town for two weeks, I can’t wait to get home to the horses, to the smell of the countryside, and the wet earth after a rain. I love this life.〞Narrator: In the end, the story of today’s gaucho may be one of adaptation: to climate, to landscape, and to traditional ways of life that sustain them. Ansola: “For Argentina, it’s very important for people to treasure this proud and honorable legacy. We must be sure that whatever else happens to us, we never lose our heritage, our gaucho way of life.〞Narrator: Don Joséis not alone in his dream. The proud and self-reliant gauchos of Corrientes, Patagonia, and Salta are all helping to retain the traditional lifestyle of the gauchos of Argentina.Key:Part 1 P.85Ｉ. ACDⅡ. Age: 76 years oldResidence: In a remote region of CorrientesLifestyle : Leading a life of solitudeRanch size: 400 square kilometersMeans of transportation: HorsesDaily work: Finding and catching the wild horses in the countryside;“breaking〞/ training horsesIII. Oral work. Work with a partner. First ask questions about the underlined part of each sentence. Then talk about the scene of breaking a horse using the questions and answers.1. Why must the horses be "broken ?The horses must be "broken〞so that they'll allow people to ride them.2. How long does it take to break a horse?It takes more than a year.3. What must a horse adjust to (in training)?The horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins.4. What is the training like?The training often seems harsher than it is.5. What is the relationship between gauchos and the horses?They love their horses, and in the end, the horses love them in return.Part 2P86Ｉ. ACEGPart 3P87Ｉ. Complete the summary with the missing words.The (1) rough terrain of Salta has its own type of gaucho. The gauchos here used to be (2) soldiers in the Argentine War of Independence from (3) Spain. They wear huge leather chaps and red (4) ponchos. They're proud of their traditions and often celebrate them each year in a (5) parade. As in Corrientes and Patagonia, the gaucho lifestyle here has its own strict code of ethics and principles, such as being (6) kind and not rejecting requests for help. To celebrate the safe return of the cattle back to the ranch, there is a lively (7) fiesta in which (8) women have always played an important role.II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ 1. Salta is located in the south of Patagonia.___T___ 2. For Rudecindo being a gaucho is like pursuing any other career.___F___ 3. Choosing the life of a gaucho only means dealing with horses and other animals.___T___ 4. Rudecindo takes a part-time job to make enough money to support his family.___F___ 5. Criollo is a kind of cattle.___F___ 6. According to Rudecindo's wife, city dwellers pay more attention to nature.Ⅲ. P88Rough terrain (崎岖不平的)Win recognition and respect (赞誉和尊重)Argentine “War of Independence〞(独立战争)An annual parade(一年一度的游行)Love being a gaucho(做个牛仔)work at a part-time job (兼职)specialize in a strong horse (擅长于)round up cattle (驱拢)the terrain covered with thorns (荆棘密布)cannot wait to get home (迫不及待)Reading comprehension P961. C2. A3. B4.D5.B6. C7.B8. outside of the limits of society9. holding on to tradition10. use the reinsHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptAmazing ArgentinaDear Lee, April 3rdHow are things back home? Things here are great! We’ve only been in Argentina for a few days, but we’ve already had so many remarkable experiences! We arrived in Buenos Aires last Saturday and spent a couple of days just exploring this fascinating city. The first evening we visited Puerto Madero. Prior to this visit, it was a rather unattractive neighborhood, but there’s been an astonishing transformation in the past ten years. It’s now full of wonderful places to eat. We had a delicious dinner in an outdoor cafe and relaxed for hours just watching people walk by.The next morning we visited several of the famous squares in downtown Buenos Aires. To me the most striking one was the three-block-long Plaza del Congreso. They say the whole thing was constructed in less than a year, which I find to be an unbelievable achievement! We also visited the residence of the president, the nearby Casa Rosada, which means “pink house〞in English. The most interesting thing about the city for me is the people; everyone is absolutely beautiful—both men and women. They could all be movie stars! It must be something special about the lifestyle here.On Tuesday we decided to visit the gaucho museum in San Antonio de Arico. However, on our way there, we were lucky enough to come across a traditional Argentinean gaucho event—complete with a horse show. We stopped to take advantage of the opportunity to see Argentinean gauchos in action. They did some really amazing things that showed off their excellent riding skills. I have to admit, I was cheering as loudly as the next person.Later in the week we flew down to Iguazu National Park to see the waterfalls. The falls were incredibly impressive, but what I enjoyed most was a side trip we took. Our guide led us down a three-kilometer path deep into rain forest terrain. It was the loveliest, most exotic and peaceful place I’ve ever seen. It really felt like I was in another world. Here’s a picture so you can see how wonderful it is—I’ll send more pictures and info later when I update my journal!See you soonMarcoHome listening P97Ⅱ. Listen again. Complete the table below with the missing information.Marco's Travel Journal(1)Saturday evening(2)Transformation(3)delicious dinner(4)(4) people walk by(5)achievement(6)Tuesday(7) riding skills(8) in action(9) impressive(10) saw the waterfalls(11) a rain forest terrain(12) exotic(13) in another worldUnit 8Video scriptNarrator: O nce a year, the people of Shirone, Japan, leave their quiet lives behind them and take part in an activity about which they are absolutely passionate. They become so enthusiastic about a competition, that local residents have given it a name. They call it Tako Kichi: Kite Crazy.Kazuo Tamura, Kite Enth usiast: “‘Kite Crazy’ refers to people who really love kites. People who think more about kites than getting their three meals a day. Even when they go to bed, they can’t fall asleep because they see kites flying over their beds.〞Narrator: N ormally Shirone is a quiet and peaceful place, like many other towns that are found in northern Japan. Farmers work hard through the spring to plant their rice, but when the work is done, they’re ready to have some fun at a five-day festival that celebrates the open sky—the Great Shirone Kite Fight.The Great Kite Fight began 250 years ago. According to legend, a giant kite was given to a village leader by the local lord. The kite was so huge that it damaged houses and crops when it came crashing down. Soon after, villagers who were angry or upset started using kites to fight one another. Eventually, these battles evolved into a festival where people rid themselves of some stress every spring.Kite madness comes to Shirone every June, and affects people of all ages. Residents both old and young join the fun and just about anybody who can cling to a piece of kite rope gets involved. The town is transformed into a giant kite factory as rival teams prepare for battle. Playgrounds, parking lots, driveways, and even schools become work areas.Kazuo Tamura is an internationally known kite-flying team leader.Tamura: “This event is very important to me. It’s not just a question of having a good time. Somehow, underneath a sky that’s full of kites, everyone seems equal. And no o ne flies a kite in times of war. So the festival is like a sign that we’re at peace.〞Narrator: S hirone festival kites are made by hand and put together carefully and precisely. Teams spend hours designing, constructing, and painting their creations. Each kite has a distinct colorful design to capture the special look that symbolizes a particular team.Finally, opening day arrives. Fifteen hundred kites are designed, decorated, and ready to be flown. The biggest kites are called odako. They’re difficult t o get into the air, but 13 different teams have come to try their best. Other teams prefer the smaller kitescalled rokako, which are much easier to fly—more like fighter jets while the odako are like heavy bombers.For centuries, the battle of the kites has taken place along Shirone’s central river, the Nakanokuchi. The competing teams stand on opposite sides of the river. The goal is for one team to capture another team’s kite and pull it from the sky.Once one team has captured another team’s kite, it’s time for the real competition to begin. Team members desperately cling to their kite ropes, doing everything they can to keep their grip.Unfortunately, in the tug of war, both of the kites are twisted, pulled, and basically destroyed. Finally, when one team’s rope breaks, a winner is declared. Extra points are given to the winning side for every inch of rope it captures from the losing team.All along the river, teams get involved in clashes that quickly lead to open war. The battles often spread to the town, and almost everyone gets involved.Narrator: B y the end of day one, thousands of the smaller kites have been destroyed, but not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition. The large odako kites are still not flying. The teams can’t even get th e huge odakos into the air. Without a stable northern wind, the larger kites are helpless. The odako teams must wait for a change in the weather, and hope that they’re ready when the north wind finally arrives.While they wait, the teams step back from the excitement of the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly. These ropes are made by hand, which makes them extremely strong so they can serve two purposes: controlling the kite, and standing up to the tugs of war. Teamwork constitutes another important part of the kite competition. Tamura: “The most important thing is teamwork. Everyone runs around clinging to the same rope, so they have to work together. This is very important. Without teamwork, these kites won’t fly; they’ll fall right to the ground.〞Narrator: O n the third day of this five-day festival, there’s still no northern wind, and everyone’s very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manage to have a good time. Everyone welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and go a little crazy.On the fifth and final day of the competition, the wind continues to deliver disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just one hour remaining, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the oversized kites are released from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura’s team will have its only chance to compete before the festival ends. The young men on Tamura’s team have managed to capture the competing team’s kite. Now the tug of war begins. It’s a situation that requires both skill and passion; luckily Tamura’s team has plenty of both.Tamura: “People call me a kite maniac. I am a kite enthusiast. That’s just me. They call me a kite maniac, but I don’t think I’m all that crazy.〞Narrator: T he two teams are nearly exhausted, but the battle continues. Neither will stop until the war is won, but the ropes remain firmly tied together across the river. One set of kite ropes finally breaks and it belongs to the rival team. It looks l ike Tamura’s team is the winner!Narrator: S o are the people of Shirone really Kite Crazy? Most of the residents become very excited at this time of year. But if it’s some type of craziness, it’s not a dangerous one.In a good year every kite is destroyed, but the people of Shirone never seem to feel sorry. They know that next spring, the kites will live again. For now, there are no signs that the “Kite Craziness〞will disappear any time soon. In fact, among everyone who appears affected by it, no one seems to want to take the cure.Part 1I. Watch Part 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P117___F___ The kite fight is held once a month in Shirone.___T___ The kite fight festival lasts five days in Shirone.___F___ The kite fight is held to show people's anger and worries.___F__ People will fight with kites in playgrounds, parking lots, schools and so on.___T__ The kite fight means a lot to Kazuo Tamura.II. Watch again. Complete the table with the missing words.When did the Great Kite Fight start? _250_ years ago.In which season does the festival take place? In _spring___.How often is the festival held? _Once_ a year.Who gets involved in the kite madness? Almost _anybody__ who can cling to a piece of kite rope.What does the event mean to Kazuo Tamura? It means enjoyment, equality for everybody and a sign of __peace _.Part 2P118ＩWatch part 2. Put the following events in the correct order. P118A. Capturing another team's kiteB. One team's rope breakingC. Arriving at the bank of Shirone's central river, the NakanokuchiD. Flying kitesE. Declaring a winner( C )→( D )→( A )→( B )→( E )II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ The kites are made by machines carefully.___T__ Each kite has its special look.___F__ The smaller kites are called odako.___F__ In the tug of war, kites won't be destroyed.___T__ The fight will be scored.___F__ Kids mustn't get involved in the kite fight because it's dangerous.Part 3ＩWatch Part3. Choose the true statements about Kazuo Tamura and his team.D FII. Watch again. Answer the following questions in less than five words. P1191. Why can't the teams get the huge odakos into the sky?Because there's not __a stable northern wind___.2. What do the teams do while they are waiting for the wind?They step back from the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly.3. Why should the ropes be extremely strong?Because they must control the kite and stand up to the tugs of war.III. Watch again. Fill in the blanks with the missing words.On the third day of this five-day festival, there's still no northern wind, and everyone's very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manage to have a good time. Everyone _welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and go a little crazy.On the __fifth and final__day of the competition, the wind continues to _deliver_ disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just one hour remaining_, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the ___oversized__ kites are released from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura's team will have its only chance to ___compete___before the festival ends. The young men on Tamura's team have managed to __capture_ the competing team's kite. Now the tug of war begins.IV. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the video. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences. P1201. But not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition.2. Team work constitutes another important part of the kite competition.3. Lucky Tamura’s team has plenty of both.4. But I don’t think I’m all that crazy.5. It looks like Tamura’s team is the winner.Part 4P120I. Watch part 4. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. What conclusion does the narrator make in this part? __B____A. Kite flying should become the national sport of Japan.B. The people of Shirone are proud of their kite tradition.C. No one can understand why the festival is popular.D. After the festival, competitors should go to the hospital.2. What kind of attitude does the narrator hold towards the kite fight? ___C___A. Indifferent.B. Impartial.C. Positive.D. Negative.II. Watch again. Complete the following sentences according to what you have learned in this part.1. If it is some type of ___craziness___, it's not a ___dangerous___ one.2. In a good year every kite is __destroyed__.3. No one seems to want to ___take the cure__.Reading comprehension P1281. B2. A3. C4.D5. B6. A7.D8. a dangerous one9. are destroyed10. will live againHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptCompeting with Kites Around the WorldKite FightsHistorians believe that people first started to fly kites thousands of years ago either in India, Afghanistan, or any other Asian country, depending upon the source. Somewhere in the early history of kite flying, the idea of having battles in the sky was born. One area well known for its fighter kites is India. There, kites called “patang〞or “guda〞are flown, and the rope used to fly them is coated with broken bits of glass. The winner is the one who is able to cut the ropes of all of the other competitors. Afghan fighter kites are much larger than their Indian cousins with some being up to five feet wide. They are usually constructed of different materials, and competitors use very lightweight paper for their creations.The sport of kite fighting is also popular in such places as Japan, Korea, Thailand, parts of Europe, Cuba, and Brazil. Brazilian kites are often smaller constructions, but the competition between rivals is still just as enthusiastic. Part of the fun of kite fighting in Brazil involves cutting away someone else’s kite and then stealing it. Trees and power lines in Brazilian cities are often full of lost or abandoned kites.Kite-Building CompetitionsKite-building competitions offer a totally different approach to the sport of kite flying. Each year, hundreds of festivals are held around the world in which people build their own kites and bring them to be judged by experts in the field. The American Kitefliers Association was formed over 40 years ago and today it is the largest such organization in the world with over 4,000 members in 35 countries. During the annual competitions, kites are judged on four characteristics: appearance, flight capability, construction technique, and design.The kite’s “appearance〞is simply a measure of how good the kite looks on the ground. The “flight capability〞category measures how well the flier is able to handle it. “Construction technique〞refers to how neatly and carefully the kite was made, and the “de sign〞category is a measure of how strong the structure of the kite is. Judges carefully assess all attributes when making their decisions. Although it’s a fun sport, competitors take it very seriously and work extremely hard on their entries. You can research possible kite-building competitions in your area by going to the American Kitefliers Association website.Home ListeningI. Listen to the passage. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P129__F____ This passage is mainly about an international kite festival.___T___ Kite fight is now popular in many countries.___T__ Different countries have different kite styles.___F__ Kite-building competition is another form of kite fight.___T__ Four characteristics are taken into consideration in kite-building competition.II. Listen again. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. According to historians, which continent first started to fly kites?A. America.B. Asia.C. Europe.D. Australia.2. What is the main difference between Indian and Afghan fighter kites?A. Indian kites are stronger than Afghan ones.B. Afghan kites are stronger than Indian ones.C. Indian kites are smaller than Afghan ones.D. Afghan kites are smaller than Indian ones.3. In which of the following countries, kites can be cut away and stolen by the rival during the competition?A. Japan.B. Korea.C. China.D. Brazil.4. When was the American Kitefliers Association formed?A. Over 35 years ago.B. Over 40 years ago.C. Over 45 years ago.D. Over 50 years ago.5. What does the "design characteristic of kites refer to?A. It refers to how reasonable the structure of the kite is.B. It refers to how beautiful the structure of the kite is.C. It refers to how strong the structure of the kite is.D. It refers to how practical the structure of the kite is.III. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the audio. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences. P1301. T he idea of having battles in the sky was born2. They are usually constructed of different materials .3. The competition between rivals is still just as enthusiastic.4. It’s the largest such organization in the world5. Judges carefully assess all attributes when making their decisions.Unit9Video scriptMartha Schaum, Program Coordinator: “Let’s get this stuff out and see what we’ve got here.〞Narrator: In a classroom at the National Aquarium in Baltimore, ten high school stu dents are preparing for a lesson. They’re also preparing a show-and-tell presentation to give to a group of children and creating costumes for a play that they’ve written.Schaum: “And where’s the poison dart frog container? OK.〞Narrator: Due to their age, this preparation and planning appears to be schoolwork, but it isn’t. In fact, these students are employees of a very special。

Unit 6Video scriptNarrator: In the country of Argentina, cowboy life has scarcely changed over the past three centuries. The gaucho is a hero here; for most people, he is a legendary figure that is larger than life. But in the far reaches of the country, there are still men for whom the gaucho is more than a legend. For them, it is their life; they are the gauchos of Argentina.The cowboy life of the gaucho came to Argentina from Spanish culture. It created a unique type of men who were as hardy and self-reliant as the animals for which they cared. The word “gaucho” means “outcast”, or one who doesn’t belong to a specific society or group.There are as many kinds of gauchos as there are varied terrains in Argentina. There are gauchos on the soft flat pampas of Corrientes, on the windswept plains of Patagonia, and in the wooded hills of Salta.Don José Ansola, a 76-year-old horseman, seems to be the “classic gaucho”, and one who treasures his residence in a remote region of Corrientes. He believes solitude helps to keep gaucho life in its purest form.Don José Ansola, Corrientes Gaucho: “If I couldn’t live in the campo, the countryside—an unthinkable thought—I don’t know what I’d do.”Narrator: According to Don José, he would rather live in a poor little house in the country than in a palace in the city. Don José’s 400-square-kilometer ranch in Corrientes is far from everything, so Don José depends entirely on his horses to travel. As a result, he and his three sons spend much of their time finding and catching the wild horses that run free in the countryside. The horses must then be “broken” so that they’ll allow people to ride them.Ansola: “Breaking a horse is a slow process, taking more than a year. This is something the horse learns to put up with.”Narrator: The gaucho explains that the horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins so the riders aren’t thrown off later. The treatment seems cruel, but according to Don José it’s actually not. The training, he says, often seems harsher than it is.Ansola: “We love our horses, and in the end, they love us in return. This is the traditional way of training a horse in Argentina—the gaucho way.”Narrator: Being a gaucho, though, is more than a life of solitude and caring for horses and cattle. The gaucho way of life has its own strict code of ethics. Hospitality and respect for others are as much a part of this lifestyle as the art of breaking horses. Argentina is nearly the last place where this code of ethics and the demanding lifestyle of the gaucho still exist. The country is home to nearly 150,000 gauchos who are very much a part of the national identity. There are gauchos in all parts of the country, even 2,000 kilometers south of Buenos Aires, on the edge ofAntarctica inPatagonia.The harsh terrain of this region has its own type of gaucho as well. Here, the gauchos raise sheep, not cattle, and even more surprisingly, many speak English. Many of the ancestors of Patagonian gauchos were immigrants from Scotland. Several of these settlers came to the area during the 19th century, including the ancestors of Eduardo Halliday and his father, Jimmy. These two gauchos run a ranch in Patagonia, and for them, this strange terrain seems like the perfect place to live.The Hallidays enjoy living in the region for a number of reasons. For Jimmy, the most refreshing aspect about living in Patagonia is that there’s space everywhere so he can see far in all directions. The land is also rich, he says, and produces everything that he and his family need. Life on the plains of Patagonia is difficult, even harsh, but the gauchos here have learned how to adjust and succeed.Eduardo has lived his entire life on the family ranch and has learned the traditional ways from his father. The goal of every gaucho is self-reliance, and these gauchos of Patagonia are no different. Because the ranch is so remote, father and son have to utilize everything they have available. This also means they don’t abandon anything quickly and often use and reuse everything they have, including their bags and their boots. After all, it’s a long way to go to buy new ones.Gauchos are experts at adjusting to their surroundings. Here, they’ve learned to use a local weapon called a “boleadora”. Made of leather and small stones, boleadoras are still used to hunt rhea. Pursuing the small flightless birds is no problem, but hitting them can be tough. As the gauchos fly like the wind along the plains on their strong horses, the rheas run swiftly ahead of them. It’s an exciting chase, but the rheas get away—this time.Narrator: Twenty-nine hundred kilometers north of Patagonia is the region of Salta. Here the stony hills and rough terrain have produced yet a different kind of gaucho. The gauchos here were once fierce soldiers for Argentina, and they won recognition and respect in the Argentine war of independence from Spain. They’re famous for their huge leather chaps and red ponchos, and often celebrate their proud traditions in an annual parade.One of the best horsemen in the area is Rudecindo Campos. Rudecindo loves being a gaucho and says that it’s the life he’s always wanted. Rudecindo Campos, Salta Gaucho: “In life there are all kinds of people: engineers, doctors, and gauchos. I knew I had to choose one or the other.I have always had a gaucho soul and I like being a gaucho.”Narrator: However, choosing the life of a gaucho means more than just working with horses. Just as it is in Corrientes, a strict code of ethics and principles is essential to the gaucho lifestyle in Salta as well. Don Coco Campos, Rudecindo’s Father: “It’s not only knowing how tocatch an animal with a rope, use a saddle or ride a horse. It’s also about being good and kind. When you ask a gaucho a favor, he must not refuse. He does it.”Narrator: At times, it’s difficult to make eno ugh money working as a gaucho. In order to survive, Rudecindo must work at a part-time job so he can continue training horses. He specializes in training a strong little horse from the area called a criollo. It’s one of the few animals that can round up cattle in this rough terrain covered with thorns. To protect themselves from the environment, horse and rider rely on their special leather chaps. The thick leather protects the pair from injuries as they round up the last of the cattle.In Salta, each time the gauchos successfully return the cattle safely back to the ranch, there’s a lively fiesta, a celebration in which women have always had an important role. Rudecindo’s wife, who comes from the city, talks about life on the ranch.Rudecindo’s Wife: “It’s very difficult to adapt to the slower pace of the campo. In the city, you live faster and you are less attentive to nature. We’ve lost that in the city. We’ve lost some of our humanity, which my husband hasn’t lost. He’s not caught up in the trivia of eve ryday life. You can really get consumed by small things, and you forget what’s important.”Rudecindo: “If I go into town for two weeks, I can’t wait to get home to the horses, to the smell of the countryside, and the wet earth after a rain. I love this lif e.”Narrator: In the end, the story of today’s gaucho may be one of adaptation: to climate, to landscape, and to traditional ways of life that sustain them.Ansola: “For Argentina, it’s very important for people to treasure this proud and honorable legacy. We must be sure that whatever else happens to us, we never lose our heritage, our gaucho way of life.”Narrator: Don José is not alone in his dream. The proud and self-reliant gauchos of Corrientes, Patagonia, and Salta are all helping to retain the traditional lifestyle of the gauchos of Argentina.Key:Part 1 P.85Ｉ. ACDⅡ. Age: 76 years oldResidence: In a remote region of CorrientesLifestyle : Leading a life of solitudeRanch size: 400 square kilometersMeans of transportation: HorsesDaily work: Finding and catching the wild horses in the countryside;“breaking” / training horsesIII. Oral work. Work with a partner. First ask questions about the underlined part of each sentence. Then talk about the scene of breakinga horse using the questions and answers.1. Why must the horses be "broken ?The horses must be "broken” so that they'll allow people to ride them.2. How long does it take to break a horse?It takes more than a year.3. What must a horse adjust to (in training)?The horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins.4. What is the training like?The training often seems harsher than it is.5. What is the relationship between gauchos and the horses?They love their horses, and in the end, the horses love them in return.Part 2 P86Ｉ. ACEGPart 3 P87Ｉ. Complete the summary with the missing words.The (1) rough terrain of Salta has its own type of gaucho. The gauchos here used to be (2) soldiers in the Argentine War of Independence from (3) Spain. They wear huge leather chaps and red (4) ponchos. They're proud of their traditions and often celebrate them each year in a (5) parade. As in Corrientes and Patagonia, the gaucho lifestyle here has its own strict code of ethics and principles, such as being (6) kind and not rejecting requests for help. To celebrate the safe return of the cattle back to the ranch, there is a lively (7) fiesta in which (8) women have always played an important role.II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ 1. Salta is located in the south of Patagonia.___T___ 2. For Rudecindo being a gaucho is like pursuing any other career.___F___ 3. Choosing the life of a gaucho only means dealing with horses and other animals.___T___ 4. Rudecindo takes a part-time job to make enough money to support his family.___F___ 5. Criollo is a kind of cattle.___F___ 6. According to Rudecindo's wife, city dwellers pay more attention to nature.Ⅲ. P88Rough terrain (崎岖不平的)Win recognition and respect (赞誉和尊重)Argentine “War of Independence” (独立战争)An annual parade (一年一度的游行)Love being a gaucho (做个牛仔)work at a part-time job (兼职)specialize in a strong horse (擅长于)round up cattle (驱拢)the terrain covered with thorns (荆棘密布)cannot wait to get home (迫不及待)Reading comprehension P961. C2. A3. B4.D5.B6. C7.B8. outside of the limits of society9. holding on to tradition10. use the reinsHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptAmazing ArgentinaDear Lee, April 3rdHow are things back home? Things here are great! We’ve only been in Argentina for a few days, but we’ve already had so many remarkable experiences! We arrived in Buenos Aires last Saturday and spent a couple of days just exploring this fascinating city. The first evening we visited Puerto Madero. Prior to this visit, it was a rather unattractive neighborhood, but there’s been an astonishing transformation in the past ten years. It’s now full of wonderful places to eat. We had a delicious dinner in an outdoor cafe and relaxed for hours just watching people walk by.The next morning we visited several of the famous squares in downtown Buenos Aires. To me the most striking one was the three-block-long Plaza del Congreso. They say the whole thing was constructed in less than a year, which I find to be an unbelievable achievement! We also visited the residence of the president, the nearby Casa Rosada, which means “pink house” in English. The most interesting thing about the city for me isthe people; everyone is absolutely beautiful—both men and women. They could all be movie stars! It must be something special about the lifestyle here.On Tuesday we decided to visit the gaucho museum in San Antonio de Arico. However, on our way there, we were lucky enough to come across a traditional Argentinean gaucho event—complete with a horse show. We stopped to take advantage of the opportunity to see Argentinean gauchos in action. They did some really amazing things that showed off their excellent riding skills. I have to admit, I was cheering as loudly as the next person.Later in the week we flew down to Iguazu National Park to see the waterfalls. The falls were incredibly impressive, but what I enjoyed most was a side trip we took. Our guide led us down a three-kilometer path deep into rain forest terrain. It was the loveliest, most exotic and peaceful place I’ve ever seen. It really felt like I was in another world. Here’s a picture so you can see how wonderful it is—I’ll send more pictures and info later when I update my journal!See you soonMarcoHome listening P97Ⅱ. Listen again. Complete the table below with the missing information.Marco's Travel Journal(1)Saturday evening(2)Transformation(3)delicious dinner(4)(4) people walk by(5)achievement(6)Tuesday(7) riding skills(8) in action(9) impressive(10) saw the waterfalls(11) a rain forest terrain(12) exotic(13) in another worldUnit 8Video scriptNarrator: Once a year, the people of Shirone, Japan, leave their quiet lives behind them and take part in an activity about which they are absolutely passionate. They become so enthusiastic about a competition, that local residents have given it a name. They call it Tako Kichi: Kite Crazy.Kazuo Tamura, Kite Enthusiast: “‘Kite Crazy’ refers to people who really love kites. People who think more about kites than getting their three meals a day. Even when they go to bed, they can’t fall asleep because they see kites flying over their beds.”Narrator: Normally Shirone is a quiet and peaceful place, like many other towns that are found in northern Japan. Farmers work hard through the spring to plant their rice, but when the work is done, they’re ready to have some fun at a five-day festival that celebrates the open sky—the Great Shirone Kite Fight.The Great Kite Fight began 250 years ago. According to legend, a giant kite was given to a village leader by the local lord. The kite was so huge that it damaged houses and crops when it came crashing down. Soon after, villagers who were angry or upset started using kites to fight one another. Eventually, these battles evolved into a festival where people rid themselves of some stress every spring.Kite madness comes to Shirone every June, and affects people of all ages. Residents both old and young join the fun and just about anybody who can cling to a piece of kite rope gets involved. The town is transformed into a giant kite factory as rival teams prepare for battle. Playgrounds, parking lots, driveways, and even schools become work areas.Kazuo Tamura is an internationally known kite-flying team leader.Tamura: “This event is very important to me. It’s not just a question of having a good time. Somehow, underneath a sky that’s full of kites, everyone seem s equal. And no one flies a kite in times of war. So the festival is like a sign that we’re at peace.”Narrator: Shirone festival kites are made by hand and put together carefully and precisely. Teams spend hours designing, constructing, and painting their creations. Each kite has a distinct colorful design to capture the special look that symbolizes a particular team.Finally, opening day arrives. Fifteen hundred kites are designed, decorated, and ready to be flown. The biggest kites are called odako. Th ey’re difficult to get into the air, but 13 different teams have come to try their best. Other teams prefer the smaller kites called rokako, which are much easier to fly—more like fighter jets while the odako are like heavy bombers.For centuries, the bat tle of the kites has taken place along Shirone’s central river, the Nakanokuchi. The competing teams stand on opposite sides of the river. The goal is for one team to capture another team’s kite and pull it from the sky.Once one team has captured another team’s kite, it’s time for the real competition to begin. Team members desperately cling to their kite ropes, doing everything they can to keep their grip.Unfortunately, in the tug of war, both of the kites are twisted, pulled, and basically destroyed. Finally, when one team’s rope breaks, a winner is declared.Extra points are given to the winning side for every inch of rope it captures from the losing team.All along the river, teams get involved in clashes that quickly lead to open war. The battles often spread to the town, and almost everyone gets involved. Narrator: By the end of day one, thousands of the smaller kites have been destroyed, but not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition. The large odako kites are still not flying. The teams can’t even get the huge odakos into the air. Without a stable northern wind, the larger kites are helpless. The odako teams must wait for a change in the weather, and hope that they’re ready when the north wind finally arrives.While they wait, the teams step back from the excitement of the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly. These ropes are made by hand, which makes them extremely strong so they can serve two purposes: controlling the kite, and standing up to the tugs of war. Teamwork constitutes another important part of the kite competition.Tamura: “The most important thing is teamwork. Everyone runs around clinging to the same rope, so they have to work together. This is very important. Without teamwork, these kites won’t fly; they’ll fall right to the ground.”Narrator: On the third day of this five-day festival, there’s still no northern wind, and everyone’s very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manage to have a good time. Everyone welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and go a little crazy.On the fifth and final day of the competition, the wind continues to deliver disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just one hour remaining, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the oversized kites are released from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura’s team will have its only chance to compete before the festival ends. The young men on Tamura’s team have managed to capture the competing team’s kite. Now the tug of war begins. It’s a situation that requires both skill and passion; luckily Tamura’s team has plenty of both.Tamura: “People call me a kite maniac. I am a kite enthusiast. That’s just me. They call me a kite maniac, but I don’t think I’m all that crazy.”Narrator: The two teams are nearly exhausted, but the battle continues. Neither will stop until the war is won, but the ropes remain firmly tied together across the river. One set of kite ropes finally breaks and it belongs to the rival team. It looks like Tamura’s team is the winner!Narrator: So are the people of Shirone really Kite Crazy? Most of the residents become very excited at this time of year. But if it’s some type of craziness, it’s not a dangerous one.In a good year every kite is destroyed, but the people of Shirone never seem to feel sorry. They know that next spring, the kites will live again. For now, there are no signs that the “Kite Craziness” will disappear any time soon. In fact, among everyone who appears affected by it, no one seems to want to take the cure.Part 1I. Watch Part 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P117___F___ The kite fight is held once a month in Shirone.___T___ The kite fight festival lasts five days in Shirone.___F___ The kite fight is held to show people's anger and worries.___F__ People will fight with kites in playgrounds, parking lots, schools and so on.___T__ The kite fight means a lot to Kazuo Tamura.II. Watch again. Complete the table with the missing words.When did the Great Kite Fight start? _250_ years ago.In which season does the festival take place? In _spring___.How often is the festival held? _Once_ a year.Who gets involved in the kite madness? Almost _anybody__who can cling to a piece of kite rope.What does the event mean to Kazuo Tamura? It means enjoyment, equality for everybody and a sign of __peace _.Part 2 P118ＩWatch part 2. Put the following events in the correct order. P118A. Capturing another team's kiteB. One team's rope breakingC. Arriving at the bank of Shirone's central river, the NakanokuchiD. Flying kitesE. Declaring a winner( C )→( D )→( A )→( B )→( E )II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ The kites are made by machines carefully.___T__ Each kite has its special look.___F__ The smaller kites are called odako.___F__ In the tug of war, kites won't be destroyed.___T__ The fight will be scored.___F__ Kids mustn't get involved in the kite fight because it's dangerous.Part 3ＩWatch Part3. Choose the true statements about Kazuo Tamura and his team.D FII. Watch again. Answer the following questions in less than five words. P1191. Why can't the teams get the huge odakos into the sky?Because there's not __a stable northern wind___.2. What do the teams do while they are waiting for the wind?They step back from the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly.3. Why should the ropes be extremely strong?Because they must control the kite and stand up to the tugs of war.III. Watch again. Fill in the blanks with the missing words.On the third day of this five-day festival, there's still no northern wind, and everyone's very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manageto have a good time. Everyone _welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and goa little crazy.On the __fifth and final__day of the competition, the wind continues to _deliver_ disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just onehour remaining_, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the___oversized__ kites are released from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura's team will have its only chance to ___compete___before thefestival ends. The young men on Tamura's team have managed to __capture_the competing team's kite. Now the tug of war begins.IV. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the video.Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences. P1201. But not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition.2. Team work constitutes another important part of the kite competition.3. Lucky Tamura’s team has plenty of both.4. But I don’t think I’m all that crazy.5. It looks like Tamura’s team is the winner.Part 4 P120I. Watch part 4. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. What conclusion does the narrator make in this part? __B____A. Kite flying should become the national sport of Japan.B. The people of Shirone are proud of their kite tradition.C. No one can understand why the festival is popular.D. After the festival, competitors should go to the hospital.2. What kind of attitude does the narrator hold towards the kite fight? ___C___A. Indifferent.B. Impartial.C. Positive.D. Negative.II. Watch again. Complete the following sentences according to what you have learnedin this part.1. If it is some type of ___craziness___, it's not a ___dangerous___ one.2. In a good year every kite is __destroyed__.3. No one seems to want to ___take the cure__.Reading comprehension P1281. B2. A3. C4.D5. B6. A7.D8. a dangerous one9. are destroyed10. will live againHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptCompeting with Kites Around the WorldKite FightsHistorians believe that people first started to fly kites thousands of years ago either in India, Afghanistan, or any other Asian country, depending upon the source. Somewhere in the early history of kite flying, the idea of having battles in the sky was born. One area well known for its fighter kites is India. There, kites called “patang” or “guda” are flown, and the rope used to fly them is coated with broken bits of glass. The winner is the one who is able to cut the ropes of all of the other competitors. Afghan fighter kites are much larger than their Indian cousins with some being up to five feet wide. They are usually constructed of different materials, and competitors use very lightweight paper for their creations.The sport of kite fighting is also popular in such places as Japan, Korea, Thailand, parts of Europe, Cuba, and Brazil. Brazilian kites are often smaller constructions, but the competition between rivals is still just as enthusiastic. Part of the fun of kite fighting in Brazil involves cutting away someone else’s kite and then stealing it. Trees and power lines in Brazilian cities are often full of lost or abandoned kites.Kite-Building CompetitionsKite-building competitions offer a totally different approach to the sport of kite flying. Each year, hundreds of festivals are held around the world in which people build their own kites and bring them to be judged by experts in the field. The American Kitefliers Association was formed over 40 years ago and today it is the largest such organization in the world with over 4,000 members in 35 countries. During the annualcompetitions, kites are judged on four characteristics: appearance, flight capability, construction technique, and design.The kite’s “appearance” is simply a measure of how good the kite looks on the ground. The “flight capability” category measures how well the flier is able to handle it. “Construction technique” refers to how neatly and carefull y the kite was made, and the “design” category is a measure of how strong the structure of the kite is. Judges carefully assess all attributes when making their decisions. Although it’s a fun sport, competitors take it very seriously and work extremely hard on their entries. You can research possible kite-building competitions in your area by going to the American Kitefliers Association website.Home ListeningI. Listen to the passage. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P129__F____ This passage is mainly about an international kite festival. ___T___ Kite fight is now popular in many countries.___T__ Different countries have different kite styles.___F__ Kite-building competition is another form of kite fight.___T__ Four characteristics are taken into consideration in kite-building competition.II. Listen again. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. According to historians, which continent first started to fly kites?A. America.B. Asia.C. Europe.D. Australia.2. What is the main difference between Indian and Afghan fighter kites?A. Indian kites are stronger than Afghan ones.B. Afghan kites are stronger than Indian ones.C. Indian kites are smaller than Afghan ones.D. Afghan kites are smaller than Indian ones.3. In which of the following countries, kites can be cut away and stolen by the rival during the competition?A. Japan.B. Korea.C. China.D. Brazil.4. When was the American Kitefliers Association formed?A. Over 35 years ago.B. Over 40 years ago.C. Over 45 years ago.D. Over 50 years ago.5. What does the "design characteristic of kites refer to?A. It refers to how reasonable the structure of the kite is.B. It refers to how beautiful the structure of the kite is.C. It refers to how strong the structure of the kite is.D. It refers to how practical the structure of the kite is.。

Unit 6 The truth can be stranger than fictionTeaching objectives:1. To learn and remember the common English expressions of famous world wonders;2. To introduce some listening skills of CET4 and finish some exercises related to the unit topic;3. To master the relevant sentences of study and establish relationship in oral communication .Teaching contents:1. Warm-up activity2. Part I lead-in3. Listening Practice, including Part II Basic listening practice, Part III Listening in-Task 1 and 3, and Part VI Further listening and speaking-Task 2.4. Summarize useful words and expressions.5. Group discussion and presentation: describe world wonders and their features.6. Introduction and strategies of CET4 listening comprehension.Teaching focus:Important points:1. Remember words and expressions related to famous world wonders, like mascot, monitor, crucify, unrest, ambiguity, launch, talisman, resemble, abduct, get one’s fingers crossed, pull off, count someone in, lucky charm, go nuts.2. Master listening strategies for CET4 by practicing listening materials from text book and CET4 samples.Difficult points:1. How to describe the features of the world wonders and memorize some key words.2. How to master listening skills for CET4.Teaching methods: Task-based and Communicative teaching methods.Teaching aids: MultimediaTeaching periods: 3 periodsTeaching procedures:Period 1:1.Warm-up Activity: review unit 5 and check how much Ss have done for this unit.2.Part I Lead in: this part is about some strange truth and mystery.3.Mysteries in the picture. Teacher will ask Ss to discuss them and then talk aboutthem.4.Listening practice:1)Practice listening skills by Part II Basic listening practice and Part III Listeningin-Task 1 which are about magic tricks. Ss need to preview options and are taking key words down for short conversations while listening.2)This part will go to Period 2.Period 21.Continue to practice listening skills: 2) Part III Listening in-Task and Part VIFurther listening and speaking-Task 2 which are about views on S uperstitions or real bad luck. Besides preview and key words, Ss also need to judge the speakers meanings by theirs tones.2.Teacher will summarize some useful words and expressions in the selectedlistening materials.3.Teacher will ask Ss to discuss what they have listened in groups and choose one ortwo candidates to express their ideas group by group.Questions which will be offered by teacher:1)How many mysteries do you know? Do you believe in them?2)Is there anybody around you who is superstitious? What’s your opinion aboutsuperstition?3)What would you do when you found something that cannot be explained by truthand science?Period 31.Teacher will introduce new strategies of listening comprehension of CET4,especially news listening and lecture listening.2.Listening practice:1)Take a whole test of the CET4 listening with new forms.2)Group work: surf the internet to find some frequent-use words of news listeningand share in the class.。

UNIT 6 What’s in fashion?I.Lead-inWatch the video clip and answer the following questions.1.Do you agree with the point that the more charming you are as a girl, themore confident you will be in seeking a good job?2.Do you think it’s fair to deprive young people of their chances to demonstratetheir beauty at an early age?II.Listening Skills1.Pair Work: Work with your deskmate to retell the following sentences withthe suffix –mate.a.This is Jack. He and I share a flat.b.My granddad still writes to his old friends he was at sea with.c.We were in the same class together in 1988, weren’t we?d.She’s not really a friend, she’s just someone I work with.Answers: This is Jack. He’s my flatmate. (He and I are flatmates.)My granddad still writes to his old (or former) shipmates.We were classmates in 1988, weren’t we? (You were a classmate of mine…)She’s not really a friend, she’s just a workmate.2.Group Work: How many relationships can you find between the people in column Aand column B?Useful words: best friend, good friend, friend, acquaintance; close colleague, colleague/workmate; lover, steady boy/girlfriend, ex-lover, ex-boy/girlfriend;wife/husband/partner, ex-lover, ex-boy/girlfriendA:John Silver: owns a language school for business people in Bath. Worked at the Sun School, Oxford, 1994-1995.Josh Yates: politician, was married to Eve Cobb 1983-1990. Met Bill Nash a couple of times.Ada Brigg: was married to Bill Nash 1991-1994. Swam for Britain in 1992 Olympics.Ana Wood: has lived as a couple (unmarried) with Bill Nash for the last five years.B:Nora Costa: was in GB Olympic swimming team in 1992. Was in same class at school as Ada Brigg.Bill Nash: works every day with John Silver. Shared a flat years ago with Eve Cobb.Fred Parks: politician. Knew Ada Brigg years ago, but not very well.Lorna Fitt: taught at Sun School, Oxford, 1990-1997. Lives with Josh Yates.Some possible answers:John Silver and Lorna Fitt were colleagues in 1994-1995.Josh Yates is Eve Cobb’s ex-husband.Eve Cobb is JoshYates’ ex-wife.Eve Cobb used to be Bill Nash’s flatmate.Bill Nash and John Silver are colleagues.Ada Brigg and Nora Costa were Olympic teammates.Ana Wood is Bill Nash’s partner. (or vice versa)Nora Costa and Ada Brigg were classmates.Bill Nash and Eve Cobb were flatmates.Bill Nash is Eve Cobb’s ex-flatmates. (or vice versa)Fred Parks and Ada Brigg were once acquaintances.3.Word Tips:ex- can be used with or without (informally) another word: She’s my ex.(girlfriend, etc.)Mate is a colloquial word for a good friend. It can also be used in compound nouns to describe a person you share something with, e.g. classmate, shipmate, workmate, flatmate. The stress is on the first word in each case.Workmate is usual in non-professional contexts or in informal contexts;colleague is more common among professional people, and sounds more formal.Fiancé/ée can still be used for someone you are engaged to, but a lot ofpeople feel it is dated nowadays. You will sometimes seehusband-/wife-to-be in journalistic style.English has no universally accepted words for ‘person I live with but am not married to’, but partner is probably the commonest.III.Listening In1.Pair Work: Talk about what is in or out of fashion in your country byUseful words and expressions:Sneakers, boots, miniskirts, sweat shirts, T-shirts, chinos, flared pants, jeans, long hair for men, long hair for women, shaved head for men or women,dreadlocks, jogging, skateboarding, hip-hop dancing, playing computer games, bungee jumping, behind the times, go out, out of fashion, out of date,out-dated, keep in styleSamples:1.Hip-hop dancing is in and jogging is out.2.Sneakers are out and boots are in this year.3.Jeans are always in fashion.Word Tip: We usually say something is “in” or “out” instead of in fashion and out of fashion.2.Discussion:a.Which is most important to you in deciding what to buy: brand name,quality, or price? Why? (Links to Useful Words and Expressions)b.Do you spend much money on fashion? (Links to Useful Words andExpressions)c.What kind of clothes do you like to wear? (Links to Useful Words andExpressions)d.Why do many young people today go after famous name brands ineverything they buy? (Links to Useful Words and Expressions)e.What do you think of those people who judge others by the clothes theywear? (Links to Useful Words and Expressions)f.Do you believe in the saying “Clothes make the man”? (Links to UsefulWords and Expressions)3.Cultural knowledge: JeansJeans first became popular in the U.S. during the California Gold Rush of the mid-nineteenth century when a German immigrant, Levi Strauss, started making hard-wearing practical pants from a fabric he brought from Germany.He called the pants Levi’s. In 2002, the Levi’s company paid approximately $44,000 for the oldest-known pair of jeans dating back to the 1880s. They were originally owned by a Nevada miner. Five hundred replicas of the pair were made, and they sold at $400 each.IV.Speaking Out1.Discussion:a.How many expressions do you know about asking for opinions?(Samples)b.How many expressions do you know about giving opinions? (Samples)c.Some useful expressions for going shopping (Samples)2.Group Work:.a.Choose one of the situations below and with your group members, decideyour roles.b.Think about what you might say to explain your opinion and persuade theother group members to agree. Make short notes. Then practice yourconversation. (words or expressions)c.Take turns acting out your role-plays for the class. (samples)d.Discuss the role-plays with the class. Who had some interesting ideas?Do you agree or disagree with them?Situation 1:A: You are a teenager and you want to color your hair bright red.B: You are A’s mother. You think A’s natural hair color looks very nice.C: You are A’s friend. You think A worries about fashion too much.Situation 2:A: You are the manager of the most expensive department store in your city.You want all your employees to dress formally.B: You are a salesperson in the department store. You have just had your hairdone in a very unusual style and you really like it.C: You are B’s coworker. You think that styles are important because theyshow our personality.Situation 3:A: You are a 40-year-old mother or father; and your hair is getting gray. Youwant to color it so you can look young again.B: You are A’s teenage son or daughter. You think people shouldn’t try tohide their age.C: You are A’s hairdresser. You want people to have fun with new styles.These expressions are often used when talking informally about fashion:I’m not into it.It’s not me.That’s not my style.3.Jokes:a.My husband said he wanted a tie for his birthday that matched the colorof his eyes—but where can I find a bloodshot tie?b.I t’s my wife’s birthday tomorrow. Last week I asked her what she wantedas a present.“Oh, I don’t know,”she said. “Just give me something with diamonds.It’s in fashion now.”That’s why I gave her a pack of playing cards.V.Let’s Talk1.Activity:a.Work with the class and brainstorm all the information you have aboutthe four most popular brand names in your country and write them incolumn 1. Then brainstorm their most popular products and completecolumn 2 and 3.b.Pair work: Discuss your opinions of the products and reasons for youropinions.Example:S1: What do you think of (insert brand name) ______ clothes?S2: They’re really comfortable. I enjoy wearing them.S1: Yeah, me, too, and they’re not expensive at all. What about (insert brandname) ______ footwear?S2: I wouldn’t dream of buying (insert brand name) shoes!S1: Oh, why not?S2: They’re much too expensive.2.Discussion:Do you own any brand name products? Why do you think certain brand names are so successful?Samples:a.I like brand name products because they’re good quality, not justbecause they’re fashionable.b.People buy brand name items because they want to follow the crowd.c.People today are so worried about image. Tha t’s why brand names areso popular.3.Cultural Knowledge:Sneaker culture is no longer the preserve of the hardcore sneaker freak: it is a full-blown mainstream phenomenon. Walk into any shoe shop today and you’ll be faced with a dizzying array of new designs, ‘old skool’ favourites, limited edition models and ‘rare’ shoes, all in a myriad of colourways. The sneaker has moved out from the sports arena and exploded into popular culture, a fashion staple that transcends race and class yet defines who you are in today’s urban tribes.VI.Important Words and Expressions1.Dictation: Listen to the recording and fill in the following blanks.a.Has the first speaker succeeded in persuading the second one to change hermind? (T75)链接：List as many expressions that have the similar meaning of the words you fill in the blank. (sample)try successfully to do be triumphant in doingdo sth. with flying colors victorye.g. Has the first speaker tried successfully to persuade the second oneto change her mind?Is the first speaker triumphant in persuading the second one tochange her mind?b.And although you have been chosen for your looks that are suitable forcertain dresses, as a model, you are just an advertisement for the designer.(T84)。

Unit 6Video scriptNarrator: In the country of Argentina, cowboy life has scarcely changed over the past three centuries. The gaucho is a hero here; for most people, he is a legendary figure that is larger than life. But in the far reaches of the country, there are still men for whom the gaucho is more than a legend. For them, it is their life; they are the gauchos of Argentina.The cowboy life of the gaucho came to Argentina from Spanish culture. It created a unique type of men who were as hardy and self-reliant as the animals for which they cared. The word “gaucho” means “outcast”, or one who doesn’t belong to a specific society or group.There are as many kinds of gauchos as there are varied terrains in Argentina. There are gauchos on the soft flat pampas of Corrientes, on the windswept plains of Patagonia, and in the wooded hills of Salta.Don JoséAnsola, a 76-year-old horseman, seems to be the “classic gaucho”, and one who treasures his residence in a remote region of Corrientes. He believes solitude helps to keep gaucho life in its purest form.Don José Ansola, Corrientes Gaucho: “If I couldn’t live in the campo, the countryside—an unthinkable thought—I don’t know what I’d do.”Narrator: According to Don José, he would rather live in a poor little house in the country than in a palace in the city. Don José’s 400-square-kilometer ranch in Corrientes is far from everything, so Don Josédepends entirely on his horses to travel. As a result, he and his three sons spend much of their time finding and catching the wild horses that run free in the countryside. The horses must then be “broken” so that they’ll allow people to ride them. Ansola: “Breaking a horse is a slow process, taking more than a year. This is something the horse learns to put up with.”Narrator: The gaucho explains that the horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins so the riders aren’t thrown off later. The treatment seems cruel, but according to Don José it’s actually not. The training, he says, often seems harsher than it is.Ansola: “We love our horses, and in the end, they love us in return. This is the traditional way of training a horse in Argentina—the gaucho way.”Narrator: Being a gaucho, though, is more than a life of solitude and caring for horses and cattle. The gaucho way of life has its own strict code of ethics. Hospitality and respect for others are as much a part of this lifestyle as the art of breaking horses. Argentina is nearly the last place where this code of ethics and the demanding lifestyle of the gaucho still exist. The country is home to nearly 150,000 gauchos who are very much a part of the national identity. There are gauchos in all parts of the country, even 2,000 kilometers south of Buenos Aires, on the edge of Antarctica in Patagonia.The harsh terrain of this region has its own type of gaucho as well. Here, the gauchos raise sheep, not cattle, and even more surprisingly, many speak English. Many of the ancestors of Patagonian gauchos were immigrants fromScotland. Several of these settlers came to the area during the 19th century, including the ancestors of Eduardo Halliday and his father, Jimmy. These two gauchos run a ranch in Patagonia, and for them, this strange terrain seems like the perfect place to live.The Hallidays enjoy living in the region for a number of reasons. For Jimmy, the most refreshing aspect about living in Patagonia is that there’s space everywhere so he can see far in all directions. The land is also rich, he says, and produces everything that he and his family need. Life on the plains of Patagonia is difficult, even harsh, but the gauchos here have learned how to adjust and succeed.Eduardo has lived his entire life on the family ranch and has learned the traditional ways from his father. The goal of every gaucho is self-reliance, and these gauchos of Patagonia are no different. Because the ranch is so remote, father and son have to utilize everything they have available. This also means they don’t abandon anything quickly and often use and reuse everything they have, including thei r bags and their boots. After all, it’s a long way to go to buy new ones.Gauchos are experts at adjusting to their surroundings. Here, they’ve learned to use a local weapon called a “boleadora”. Made of leather and small stones, boleadoras are still used to hunt rhea. Pursuing the small flightless birds is no problem, but hitting them can be tough. As the gauchos fly like the wind along the plains on their strong horses, the rheas run swiftly ahead of them. It’s an exciting chase, but the rheas get away—this time.Narrator: Twenty-nine hundred kilometers north of Patagonia is the region of Salta. Here the stony hills and rough terrain have produced yet a different kind of gaucho. The gauchos here were once fierce soldiers for Argentina, and they won recognition and respect in the Argentine war of independence from Spain. They’re famous for their huge leather chaps and red ponchos, and often celebrate their proud traditions in an annual parade.One of the best horsemen in the area is Rudecindo Campos. Rudecindo loves being a gaucho and says that it’s the life he’s always wanted. Rudecindo Campos, Salta Gaucho: “In life there are all kinds of people: engineers, doctors, and gauchos. I knew I had to choose one or the other. I have always had a gaucho soul and I like being a gaucho.”Narrator: However, choosing the life of a gaucho means more than just working with horses. Just as it is in Corrientes, a strict code of ethics and principles is essential to the gaucho lifestyle in Salta as well.Don Coco Campos, R udecindo’s Father: “It’s not only knowing how to catch an animal with a rope, use a saddle or ride a horse. It’s also about being good and kind. When you ask a gaucho a favor, he must not refuse. He does it.”Narrator: At times, it’s difficult to make enou gh money working as a gaucho. In order to survive, Rudecindo must work at a part-time job so he can continue training horses. He specializes in training a strong little horse from the area called a criollo. It’s one of the few animals that can round up cat tle in this roughterrain covered with thorns. To protect themselves from the environment, horse and rider rely on their special leather chaps. The thick leather protects the pair from injuries as they round up the last of the cattle.In Salta, each time the gauchos successfully return the cattle safely back to the ranch, there’s a lively fiesta, a celebration in which women have always had an important role. Rudecindo’s wife, who comes from the city, talks about life on the ranch.Rudecindo’s Wife: “It’s very difficult to adapt to the slower pace of the campo. In the city, you live faster and you are less attentive to nature. We’ve lost that in the city. We’ve lost some of our humanity, which my husband hasn’t lost. He’s not caught up in the trivia of everyday life. You can really get consumed by small things, and you forget what’s important.”Rudecindo: “If I go into town for two weeks, I can’t wait to get home to the horses, to the smell of the countryside, and the wet earth after a rain. I love this life.”Narrator: In the end, the story of today’s gaucho may be one of adaptation: to climate, to landscape, and to traditional ways of life that sustain them. Ansola: “For Argentina, it’s very important for people to treasure this proud and honorable legacy. We must be sure that whatever else happens to us, we never lose our heritage, our gaucho way of life.”Narrator: Don Joséis not alone in his dream. The proud and self-reliant gauchos of Corrientes, Patagonia, and Salta are all helping to retain the traditional lifestyle of the gauchos of Argentina.Key:Part 1 P.85Ｉ. ACDⅡ. Age: 76 years oldResidence: In a remote region of CorrientesLifestyle : Leading a life of solitudeRanch size: 400 square kilometersMeans of transportation: HorsesDaily work: Finding and catching the wild horses in the countryside;“breaking” / training horsesIII. Oral work. Work with a partner. First ask questions about the underlined part of each sentence. Then talk about the scene of breaking a horse using the questions and answers.1. Why must the horses be "broken ?The horses must be "broken”so that they'll allow people to ride them.2. How long does it take to break a horse?It takes more than a year.3. What must a horse adjust to (in training)?The horse must adjust to using a saddle and reins.4. What is the training like?The training often seems harsher than it is.5. What is the relationship between gauchos and the horses?They love their horses, and in the end, the horses love them in return.Part 2P86Ｉ. ACEGPart 3P87Ｉ. Complete the summary with the missing words.The (1) rough terrain of Salta has its own type of gaucho. The gauchos here used to be (2) soldiers in the Argentine War of Independence from (3) Spain. They wear huge leather chaps and red (4) ponchos. They're proud of their traditions and often celebrate them each year in a (5) parade. As in Corrientes and Patagonia, the gaucho lifestyle here has its own strict code of ethics and principles, such as being (6) kind and not rejecting requests for help. To celebrate the safe return of the cattle back to the ranch, there is a lively (7) fiesta in which (8) women have always played an important role.II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ 1. Salta is located in the south of Patagonia.___T___ 2. For Rudecindo being a gaucho is like pursuing any other career.___F___ 3. Choosing the life of a gaucho only means dealing with horses and other animals.___T___ 4. Rudecindo takes a part-time job to make enough money to support his family.___F___ 5. Criollo is a kind of cattle.___F___ 6. According to Rudecindo's wife, city dwellers pay more attention to nature.Ⅲ. P88Rough terrain (崎岖不平的)Win recognition and respect (赞誉和尊重)Argentine “War of Independence” (独立战争)An annual parade(一年一度的游行)Love being a gaucho(做个牛仔)work at a part-time job (兼职)specialize in a strong horse (擅长于)round up cattle (驱拢)the terrain covered with thorns (荆棘密布)cannot wait to get home (迫不及待)Reading comprehension P961. C2. A3. B4.D5.B6. C7.B8. outside of the limits of society9. holding on to tradition10. use the reinsHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptAmazing ArgentinaDear Lee, April 3rdHow are things back home? Things here are great! We’ve only been in Argentina for a few days, but we’ve already had so many remarkable experiences! We arrived in Buenos Aires last Saturday and spent a couple of days just exploring this fascinating city. The first evening we visited Puerto Madero. Prior to this visit, it was a rather unattractive neighborhood, but there’s been an astonishing transfo rmation in the past ten years. It’s now full of wonderful places to eat. We had a delicious dinner in an outdoor cafe and relaxed for hours just watching people walk by.The next morning we visited several of the famous squares in downtown Buenos Aires. To me the most striking one was the three-block-long Plaza del Congreso. They say the whole thing was constructed in less than a year, which I find to be an unbelievable achievement! We also visited the residence of the president, the nearby Casa Rosada, w hich means “pink house” in English. The most interesting thing about the city for me is the people; everyone is absolutely beautiful—both men and women. They could all be movie stars! It must be something special about the lifestyle here.On Tuesday we decided to visit the gaucho museum in San Antonio de Arico. However, on our way there, we were lucky enough to come across a traditional Argentinean gaucho event—complete with a horse show. We stopped to take advantage of the opportunity to see Argentinean gauchos in action. They did some really amazing things that showed off their excellent riding skills. I have to admit, I was cheering as loudly as the next person.Later in the week we flew down to Iguazu National Park to see the waterfalls. The falls were incredibly impressive, but what I enjoyed most was a side trip we took. Our guide led us down a three-kilometer path deep into rain forest terrain. It was the loveliest, most exotic and peaceful place I’ve ever seen. It really felt like I was in another world. Here’s a picture so you can see how wonderful it is—I’ll send more pictures and info later when I update my journal!See you soonMarcoHome listening P97Ⅱ. Listen again. Complete the table below with the missing information.Marco's Travel Journal(1)Saturday evening(2)Transformation(3)delicious dinner(4)(4) people walk by(5)achievement(6)Tuesday(7) riding skills(8) in action(9) impressive(10) saw the waterfalls(11) a rain forest terrain(12) exotic(13) in another worldUnit 8Video scriptNarrator: O nce a year, the people of Shirone, Japan, leave their quiet lives behind them and take part in an activity about which they are absolutely passionate. They become so enthusiastic about a competition, that local residents have given it a name. They call it Tako Kichi: Kite Crazy.Kazuo Tamura, Kite Enthusiast: “‘Kite Crazy’ refers to people who really love kites. People who think more about kites than getting their three meals a day. Even when they go to bed, they can’t fall asleep because they see kites flying over their beds.”Narrator: N ormally Shirone is a quiet and peaceful place, like many other towns that are found in northern Japan. Farmers work hard through the spring to plant their rice, but when the work is done, they’re ready to have some fun at a five-day festival that celebrates the open sky—the Great Shirone Kite Fight.The Great Kite Fight began 250 years ago. According to legend, a giant kite was given to a village leader by the local lord. The kite was so huge that it damaged houses and crops when it came crashing down. Soon after, villagers who were angry or upset started using kites to fight one another. Eventually, these battles evolved into a festival where people rid themselves of some stress every spring.Kite madness comes to Shirone every June, and affects people of all ages. Residentsboth old and young join the fun and just about anybody who can cling to a piece of kite rope gets involved. The town is transformed into a giant kite factory as rival teams prepare for battle. Playgrounds, parking lots, driveways, and even schools become work areas.Kazuo Tamura is an internationally known kite-flying team leader.Tamura: “This event is very important to me. It’s not just a question of having a good time. Somehow, underneath a sky t hat’s full of kites, everyone seems equal. And no one flies a kite in times of war. So the festival is like a sign that we’re at peace.”Narrator: S hirone festival kites are made by hand and put together carefully and precisely. Teams spend hours designing, constructing, and painting their creations. Each kite has a distinct colorful design to capture the special look that symbolizes a particular team.Finally, opening day arrives. Fifteen hundred kites are designed, decorated, and ready to be flown. The biggest kites are called odako. They’re difficult to get into the air, but 13 different teams have come to try their best. Other teams prefer the smaller kites called rokako, which are much easier to fly—more like fighter jets while the odako are like heavy bombers.For centuries, the battle of the kites has taken place along Shirone’s central river, the Nakanokuchi. The competing teams stand on opposite sides of the river. The goal is for one team to capture another team’s kite and pull it from the sky.Once one team has captured another team’s kite, it’s time for the real competition to begin. Team members desperately cling to their kite ropes, doing everything they can to keep their grip.Unfortunately, in the tug of war, both of the kites are twisted, pulled, and basically destroyed. Finally, when one team’s rope breaks, a winner is declared. Extra points are given to the winning side for every inch of rope it captures from the losing team.All along the river, teams get involved in clashes that quickly lead to open war. The battles often spread to the town, and almost everyone gets involved.Narrator: B y the end of day one, thousands of the smaller kites have been destroyed, but not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition. The large odako kites are still not flying. The teams can’t even get the huge odakos into the air. Without a stable northern wind, the larger kites are helpless. The odako teams must wait for a change in the weather, and hope that they’re ready when the north wind finally arr ives.While they wait, the teams step back from the excitement of the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly. These ropes are made by hand, which makes them extremely strong so they can serve two purposes: controlling the kite, and standing up to the tugs of war. Teamwork constitutes another important part of the kite competition. Tamura: “The most important thing is teamwork. Everyone runs around clinging to the same rope, so they have to work together. This is very important. Without teamwork, these kites won’t fly; they’ll fall right to the ground.”Narrator: O n the third day of this five-day festival, there’s still no northern wind, and everyone’s very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manage to have a good time. Everyone welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and go a little crazy.On the fifth and final day of the competition, the wind continues to deliver disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just one hour remaining, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the oversized kites arereleased from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura’s team will have its only chance to compete before the festival ends. The young men on Tamura’s team have managed to capture the competing team’s kite. Now the tug of war begins. It’s a situation that requires both skill and passion; luckily Tamura’s team has plenty of both.Tamura: “People call me a kite maniac. I am a kite enthusiast. That’s just me. They call me a kite maniac, but I don’t think I’m all that crazy.”Narrator: T he two teams are nearly exhausted, but the battle continues. Neither will stop until the war is won, but the ropes remain firmly tied together across the river. One set of kite ropes finally breaks and it belongs to the rival team. It looks like Tamura’s team is the winner!Narrator: S o are the people of Shirone really Kite Crazy? Most of the residents become very excited at this time of year. But if it’s some type of craziness, it’s not a dan gerous one.In a good year every kite is destroyed, but the people of Shirone never seem to feel sorry. They know that next spring, the kites will live again. For now, there are no signs that the “Kite Craziness” will disappear any time soon. In fact, amo ng everyone who appears affected by it, no one seems to want to take the cure.Part 1I. Watch Part 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P117___F___ The kite fight is held once a month in Shirone.___T___ The kite fight festival lasts five days in Shirone.___F___ The kite fight is held to show people's anger and worries.___F__ People will fight with kites in playgrounds, parking lots, schools and so on.___T__ The kite fight means a lot to Kazuo Tamura.II. Watch again. Complete the table with the missing words.When did the Great Kite Fight start? _250_ years ago.In which season does the festival take place? In _spring___.How often is the festival held? _Once_ a year.Who gets involved in the kite madness? Almost _anybody__ who can cling to a piece of kite rope.What does the event mean to Kazuo Tamura? It means enjoyment, equality for everybody and a sign of __peace _.Part 2P118ＩWatch part 2. Put the following events in the correct order. P118A. Capturing another team's kiteB. One team's rope breakingC. Arriving at the bank of Shirone's central river, the NakanokuchiD. Flying kitesE. Declaring a winner( C )→( D )→( A )→( B )→( E )II. Watch again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).___F___ The kites are made by machines carefully.___T__ Each kite has its special look.___F__ The smaller kites are called odako.___F__ In the tug of war, kites won't be destroyed.___T__ The fight will be scored.___F__ Kids mustn't get involved in the kite fight because it's dangerous.Part 3ＩWatch Part3. Choose the true statements about Kazuo Tamura and his team.D FII. Watch again. Answer the following questions in less than five words. P1191. Why can't the teams get the huge odakos into the sky?Because there's not __a stable northern wind___.2. What do the teams do while they are waiting for the wind?They step back from the riverside to ensure that their ropes are strung correctly.3. Why should the ropes be extremely strong?Because they must control the kite and stand up to the tugs of war.III. Watch again. Fill in the blanks with the missing words.On the third day of this five-day festival, there's still no northern wind, and everyone's very disappointed. But when evening falls the kite fighters still manage to have a good time. Everyone _welcomes the chance to relax, have some fun, and go a little crazy.On the __fifth and final__day of the competition, the wind continues to _deliver_ disappointment, but at the last minute something wonderful happens. With just one hour remaining_, a northern wind comes down along the river. At last, the ___oversized__ kites are released from their earthly imprisonment.Now, finally, Tamura's team will have its only chance to ___compete___before the festival ends. The young men on Tamura's team have managed to __capture_ the competing team's kite. Now the tug of war begins.IV. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the video. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences. P1201. But not everyone has been able to enjoy the competition.2. Team work constitutes another important part of the kite competition.3. Lucky Tamura’s team has plenty of both.4. But I don’t think I’m all that crazy.5. It looks like Tamura’s team is the winner.Part 4P120I. Watch part 4. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. What conclusion does the narrator make in this part? __B____A. Kite flying should become the national sport of Japan.B. The people of Shirone are proud of their kite tradition.C. No one can understand why the festival is popular.D. After the festival, competitors should go to the hospital.2. What kind of attitude does the narrator hold towards the kite fight? ___C___A. Indifferent.B. Impartial.C. Positive.D. Negative.II. Watch again. Complete the following sentences according to what you have learned in this part.1. If it is some type of ___craziness___, it's not a ___dangerous___ one.2. In a good year every kite is __destroyed__.3. No one seems to want to ___take the cure__.Reading comprehension P1281. B2. A3. C4.D5. B6. A7.D8. a dangerous one9. are destroyed10. will live againHOME LISTENINGAudio scriptCompeting with Kites Around the WorldKite FightsHistorians believe that people first started to fly kites thousands of years ago either in India, Afghanistan, or any other Asian country, depending upon the source. Somewhere in the early history of kite flying, the idea of having battles in the sky was born. One area well known for its fighter kites is India. There, kites called “patang” or “guda” are flown, and the rope used to fly them is coated with broken bits of glass. The winner is the one who is able to cut the ropes of all of the other competitors. Afghan fighter kites are much larger than their Indian cousins with some being up to five feet wide. They are usually constructed of different materials, and competitors use very lightweight paper for their creations.The sport of kite fighting is also popular in such places as Japan, Korea, Thailand, parts of Europe, Cuba, and Brazil. Brazilian kites are often smallerconstructions, but the competition between rivals is still just as enthusiastic. Part of the fun o f kite fighting in Brazil involves cutting away someone else’s kite and then stealing it. Trees and power lines in Brazilian cities are often full of lost or abandoned kites.Kite-Building CompetitionsKite-building competitions offer a totally different approach to the sport of kite flying. Each year, hundreds of festivals are held around the world in which people build their own kites and bring them to be judged by experts in the field. The American Kitefliers Association was formed over 40 years ago and today it is the largest such organization in the world with over 4,000 members in 35 countries. During the annual competitions, kites are judged on four characteristics: appearance, flight capability, construction technique, and design.The kite’s “appearance” is simply a measure of how good the kite looks on the ground. The “flight capability” category measures how well the flier is able to handle it. “Construction technique” refers to how neatly and carefully the kite was made, and the “design” cat egory is a measure of how strong the structure of the kite is. Judges carefully assess all attributes when making their decisions. Although it’s a fun sport, competitors take it very seriously and work extremely hard on their entries. You can research possible kite-building competitions in your area by going to the American Kitefliers Association website.Home ListeningI. Listen to the passage. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). P129__F____ This passage is mainly about an international kite festival.___T___ Kite fight is now popular in many countries.___T__ Different countries have different kite styles.___F__ Kite-building competition is another form of kite fight.___T__ Four characteristics are taken into consideration in kite-building competition.II. Listen again. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. According to historians, which continent first started to fly kites?A. America.B. Asia.C. Europe.D. Australia.2. What is the main difference between Indian and Afghan fighter kites?A. Indian kites are stronger than Afghan ones.B. Afghan kites are stronger than Indian ones.C. Indian kites are smaller than Afghan ones.D. Afghan kites are smaller than Indian ones.3. In which of the following countries, kites can be cut away and stolen by therival during the competition?A. Japan.B. Korea.C. China.D. Brazil.4. When was the American Kitefliers Association formed?A. Over 35 years ago.B. Over 40 years ago.C. Over 45 years ago.D. Over 50 years ago.5. What does the "design characteristic of kites refer to?A. It refers to how reasonable the structure of the kite is.B. It refers to how beautiful the structure of the kite is.C. It refers to how strong the structure of the kite is.D. It refers to how practical the structure of the kite is.III. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the audio. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences. P1301. T he idea of having battles in the sky was born2. They are usually constructed of different materials .3. The competition between rivals is still just as enthusiastic.4. It’s the largest such organization in the world5. Judges carefully assess all attributes when making their decisions.Unit9Video scriptMartha Schaum, Program Coordinator: “Let’s get this stuff out and see what we’ve got here.”Narrator: In a classroom at the National Aquarium in Baltimore, ten high school students are preparing for a lesson. They’re also preparing a show-and-tell presentation to give to a group of children and creating costumes for a play that they’ve written.Schaum: “And where’s the poison dart frog container? OK.”Narrator: Due to their age, this preparation and planning appears to be schoolwork, but it isn’t. In fact, these students are employees of a very special program called “Aquarium on Wheels” .DeJane’ Jones, Aquarium on Wheels: “There’re a lot of kids who do not have the opportunity to come to the aquarium, or see live animals or anything like that, so we bring the aquarium to them.”Narrator: The overall objectives of Aquarium on Wheels are to entertain and educate. This year’s goal is to explain the importance of the world’s rain forest s to young people. These student teachers want to help their young audience to better understand conservation.Narrator: The play is about a species threatened by the loss of the rain forest because it relies on it for food: the monkey.。

⼤学英语视听说教案Unit-6Unit 6 Home Sweet HomeI. Teaching AimsBy learning this unit, the student should be able to describe home and house in English fluently.In this unit, students will be able to:1. Listen for the main idea and the key information of every passage;2. Grasp the language points and grammatical structures ;3. Learn to talk about home, houses and apartments;4. Arouse Ss interests for the topic of this unit and participate actively.II. Teaching important points1. Lesson A Speaking, Communication2. Topic understanding and content understanding of each passage3. Improving the students' listening and speaking abilityIII. Teaching difficult points1. Lesson B Video Course2.Speaking with logical thinking3.vocabulary about home, houses and apartments.IV. Teaching Methods1. Task-based teaching in while-listening procedure2. Listening and practicing3. Speaking and communication4. Media instruction5. Communicative Methods: answering, discussion, presentation, team work...V. Teaching hours10 class periodsVI. Teaching Procedures1.Lead-in / Warming upTry to describe your sweet home like the examples.2. Lesson A : Vocabulary Link1. Direct Ss’ attention to the pictures. Present the vocabulary. Have them read the sentences and number the pictures. Match each word with a place in the apartment. Check answers.2. Have Ss work in pairs. If there is one student left, ask him or her to join a pair to make a group. Imagine that you have yourown apartment or house. Describe it to your partner. Have Ss create more conversations. Invite one or two pairs to give a demonstration to the class.3. Lesson A : Listening(1). Apartment huntingFamiliarize Ss with the new words. Have them read the new words aloud after you. Explain the task. Play the recording. Check answers.Tell Ss to listen again and mark their answers. Play the recording. Check answers.Introduce the topic that The man talks about three apartments. Number the apartments 1 to 3 as you listen. Have Ss listen and fill in the blanks with words they hear. Play the recording. Check answers. Have Ss read through the questions and possible answers. Tell Ss to listen again and check the correct boxes. Play the recording. Check answers.(2). A housing problemIntroduce the topic :Listen to Graciela talk to an adviser at her school. Then answer the questions. Then tell them to listen and number the steps in order. Play the recording. Check answers.Tell Ss to listen again and answer the questions. Play the recording. Check answers.(3). The Davis family wants a new home.Tell Ss they are going to listen to the program “Places for rent.”. Direct Ss’attention to the picture and ask them to read the questions. Tell Ss to listen and answer the questions. Play the recording. Check answers.Tell Ss to listen again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box. Play the recording. Check answers.(4). Make yourself at home!Introduce the topic. Tell Ss they are going to listen to a passage. Tell Ss to listen carefully and write short answers to the questions. Play the recording.Check answers. Have Ss look at the pictures carefully. Tell them to listen to the recording and number the pictures to match them with the explanations. Play the recording. Check answers. Tell Ss to listen again and fill in the blanks with the words they hear. Play the recording. Check answers.(5). Object-shaped housesDirect Ss’attention to the title. What will they hear? Present the new words and have Ss read aloud after you. Answer any questions about vocabulary.With the class, go over the list of questions. Tell Ss to listen and number the questions in the order they are asked during the interview. Play the recording. Check answers.Have Ss read the statements. Explain that all these statements are false. Tell Ss to listen again and correct the statements. Play the recording. Check answers.Tell Ss to listen again and write answers to the questions. Play the recording. Check answers.4. Lesson A : Pronunciation1. Remind students rising intonation to show surprise. Play the recording. Have Ss work in pairs to practice the conversations.2. Have Ss listen and read the sentences. Play the recording. Ask Ss to work in pairs to read the sentences. Check their pronunciation..5. Lesson A : Speaking and communicationActivity One1. Introduce the situation. How many rooms are there? Ask Ss to listen and fill in the blanks with the words they hear. Play the recording.Check answers.2. Put Ss in groups of three. Present the conversations again. Ask Ss to listen and read along in their groups. Play the recording again. Ask Ss to practice the conversations in groups. Remind Ss to keep eye contact with their group members while speaking.3. Ask Ss to work in groups of three. Ask Ss to read the model conversation. Answer any questions about vocabulary. If necessary, play the recording. Elicit or explain to Ss who the famous celebrities are.4. Have Ss work in groups of three. Each student should role-play a famous person. Have Ss work in their groups to create and practice a new conversation where they introduce each other. When all groupsActivity Two1. Have Ss work individually to write three sentences about themselves, and another three sentences about themselves.2. Collect and redistribute the papers.Pair work: Introduce the topic. Look at the pictures of this famous house. Use three adjectives to describe the house. Share your ideas with the class.Have Ss read the information. Ask Ss to discuss the events in pairs.6. Lesson B: Video Course Student housingGlobal Viewpoints Where I live1. Say the list of vocabulary items aloud as Ss repeat for pronunciation practice. If necessary, explain the meaning of the words. Have Ss complete the sentences using the correct words from the New words. Check answers.2. Explain to Ss that they are going to watch several people talking about student housing. Before viewing, have Ss read the statements so they know what to watch and listen for. Ask Ss to watch and circle True if the statement is completely correct. If it is False, they must listen for information to correct for it. Play the video. Check answers.3. Tell Ss they will watch the interviews. Ask Ss to fill in the missing words as they watch the video. Play the video. Check answers.7. Lesson B:City Living Mike needs a changeIntroduce the main and minor characters to Ss.1.Introduce the situation. In this video, we learn how Mike and Takeshi became roommates.2. Have Ss use the information from the pictures and captions to complete the sentences. Check answers.8. Lesson B:City Living Mike needs a change “While You Watch”1. Before viewing, have Ss read the sentences so they know what to watch and listen for. Ask Ss to watch and then match the sentence parts to make true sentences. Play the video. Check answers.2. Give Ss time to study the pictures and sentences. Tell Ss: What’s the story? Watchthe video. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.Play the video and allow time for Ss to answer. Check answers.3. Give Ss time to study the pictures and questions. Ask Ss to pay attention to what people say in the video. Play the first episode of the video. Check answers.4. Give Ss time to study the pictures and questions. Ask Ss to pay attention to what people say in the video. Play the second episode of the video and allow time for Ss to fill in the blanks. Check answers.Class work: Show the script of the second episode of the video on the screen. Explain that some of the words are missing.Play the 2nd episode and ask Ss to act out the lines of the script as a class. Check answers.5. Give Ss time to study the pictures and script. Play the third episode of the video and allow time for Ss to fill in the blanks. Check answers.6. Give Ss time to study the question. Play the whole video once again and allow time for Ss to answer. Check answers.9. Lesson B:City Living Mike needs a change “After You Watch”1. Read the useful expressions dialogues aloud, emphasizing the expressions in blue. Encourage students to think of how the phrases were used in the video before matching the expressions to the definitions. The teacher checks the answers.2. Read the examples given from the video. Have Ss fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Check answers.3. Ask Ss to write a short summery of the City Living story.VII. Assignments1.Review: Oral practice: to describe home and house (pair work)2. Learn the key words and expressions by heart.3. Role-play some conversations.4. Write a short summary of the City Living story.5. Talk about home, houses and apartments.。

大学英语视听说教案【篇一：大学英语视听说教案unit 6 】unit 6 home sweet home i. teachingaimsby learning this unit, the student should be able to describehome and house in english fluently.in this unit, students will be able to:1. listen for the main idea and the key information of everypassage;2. grasp the language points and grammatical structures ;3. learn to talk about home, houses and apartments;4. arouse ss interests for the topic of this unit and participateactively.ii. teaching important points1. lesson a speaking, communication2. topic understanding and content understanding of eachpassage3. improving the students listening and speaking abilityiii. teaching difficult points 1. lesson b video course2.speaking with logical thinking3.vocabulary about home, houses and apartments.iv. teaching methods1. task-based teaching in while-listening procedure2. listening and practicing3. speaking and communication4. mediainstruction5. communicative methods: answering, discussion,presentation, team work... v. teaching hours10 class periodsvi. teaching procedures 1. lead-in /warming uptry to describe your sweet home like the examples.2. lesson a : vocabulary link1. direct ss ’attention to the pictures. present the vocabulary.have them read the sentences and number the pictures. matcheach word with a place in the apartment. check answers.demonstration to the class.3. lesson a : listening(1). apartment huntingfamiliarize ss with the new words. have them read the newwords aloud after you. explain the task. play the recording.check answers.tell ss to listen again and mark their answers. play therecording. check answers. introduce the topic that the mantalks about three apartments. number the apartments 1 to 3 asyou listen. have ss listen and fill in the blanks with words theyhear. play the recording. check answers. have ss read throughthe questions and possible answers. tell ss to listen again andcheck the correct boxes. play the recording. check answers.(2). a housing problemintroduce the topic :listen to graciela talk to an adviser at herschool. then answer the questions. then tell them to listen andnumber the steps in order. play the recording. check answers.tell ss to listen again and answer the questions. play therecording. check answers.(3). the davis family wants a new home.tell ss they are going to listen to the program “places for rent. ”. direct ss ’attention to the picture anadsk them to readthe questions. tell ss to listen and answer the questions. playthe recording. check answers.tell ss to listen again and fill in the blanks with the words in thebox. play the recording. check answers.(4). make yourself at home!introduce the topic. tell ss they are going to listen to apassage. tell ss to listen carefully and write short answers tothe questions. play the recording.check answers.have ss lookat the pictures carefully. tell them to listen to the recording andnumber the pictures to match them with the explanations. playthe recording. check answers.tell ss to listen again and fill in the blanks with the words theyhear. play the recording. check answers.(5). object-shaped housesdirect ss ’attention to the title. w hat will they hear? present thenew words and have ss read aloud after you. answer anyquestions about vocabulary.with the class, go over the list of questions. tell ss to listenand number the questions in the order they are asked duringthe interview. play the recording. check answers.have ss read the statements. explain that all these statementsare false. tell ss to listen again and correct the statements. playthe recording. check answers.tell ss to listen again and write answers to the questions. playthe recording. checkanswers.4. lesson a : pronunciation1. remind students rising intonation to show surprise. play therecording. have ss work in pairs to practice the conversations.2. have ss listen and read the sentences. play the recording.ask ss to work inpairs to read the sentences. check their pronunciation..5. lesson a : speaking and communicationactivity one1. introduce the situation. how many rooms are there? ask ssto listen and fill in the blanks with the words they hear. play therecording.check answers.2. put ss in groups of three. present the conversations again.ask ss to listen and read along in their groups. play therecording again. ask ss to practice the conversations ingroups. remind ss to keep eye contact with their groupmembers while speaking.3. ask ss to work in groups of three. ask ss to read the modelconversation. answer any questions about vocabulary. ifnecessary, play the recording. elicit or explain to ss who thefamous celebrities are.4. have ss work in groups of three. each student should role-play a famous person. have ss work in their groups to createand practice a new conversation where they introduce eachother. when all groups【篇二：大学英语视听说3-unit1 教案及首页】北华航天工业学院教案unit 1 interests and hobbiesi. dictationask the students to do the dictation of the words in text a unit1.ii. lead-in and video-watchingask the students to work in groups, learn to express likes ordislikes i (don ’t) like ⋯⋯is my favorite. i prefer ⋯to ⋯i care for ⋯⋯is the last thing i would do watch the video and do the exercisesiii. listening skills for short passages1. a few ways to help students conclude the main idea 1).explaining what a topic sentence isusually placed in the beginning, or at the end of a passage, orsome times appears in the middle of the passage where thekey words are frequently repeated. 2). listening for general idearead and analyze the choices first. infer the question. find therepeated words. listen to the passage and pay special attentionto the beginning or the ending part of the passage.2. skill practice: listen to the following three passages andanswer the questionsiv. comprehensive training put the skills into practice1. 5 short conversations and a long conversation2. 1 shortpassage 3. dictationv. assignment1. further listening practice in unit 12. remember the new words, phrases in the listening exercises3. finish the exercises left in unit 1 in students ’textbooks北华航天工业学院教案unit 2. life and fashioni. dictationask the students to do the dictation of the words in text a unit2.ii. lead-in and video-watchingask the students to work in groups, learn to seek advice fromothers how do you feel? what about...?how do you think about ？whats your opinion? what is your view? what do you think? watch the video and do the exercises iii. listening skillsfor short passages1. make the students familiar with different kinds of numbers2.explain how the numbers are tested.3. tips: pay attention to the digit; pay attention to the ways ofreading numbers; pay attention to the use of commas; payattention to the calculation.4. skill practice: listen to the following three passages andanswer the questionsiv. comprehensive training put the skills into practice1. 5 short conversations and a long conversation2. 1 shortpassage 3. dictationv. assignment1. further listening practice in unit 22. remember the new words, phrases in the listening exercises3. finish the exercises left in unit 2 in students ’textbooks北华航天工业学院教案【篇三：《新视野大学英语视听说教程3》课时10 教案】《新视野大学英语视听说教程3》课时10 教案（unit 1 part Ⅱ～unit 1 part Ⅳmodel 1 ）授课人：成诚文章大意：墨菲和一个美国人去应聘同一个职位,由于他们学历相同, 所以主管对他们进行了一次测试,结果他们都有一个问题没有回答出来,但最终美国人却被录取,这是为什么呢?(原因:美国人在不会的题目上写的是”我不会”而墨菲写的是”我也是”.★word tips:1.dublin: 都柏林(爱尔兰首都)①(令人吃惊的)巧合,巧事2.coincidence:[ k?uinsid?ns][n] ②同时存在③(意见等的)相同,相符,一致3.bewilder:[ biwild?][v] 使迷惑,使糊涂4.indignant:[ indign?nt][adj] ～(at/about something) 愤慨的,愤怒的,义愤的★words in text:irish[ai?ri?][n] ①爱尔兰语②爱尔兰人[adj] 爱尔兰的,爱尔兰人的,爱尔兰语的文章大意：本文讲述了在应聘时常被问到的一些难题,作者通过本文教你如何去应对这些问题.★word tip:customize:[ k?st?maiz][v]( 以满足顾客的需要)订制,订做,改制★words in text:1.relevant:[ reliv?nt][adj] ①紧密相关的,切题的②有价值的,有意义的①(用于有害事物)面临,遭受(危险或不快)②(用于揭露事实)揭露2.exposure:[iksp?u??][n] ③(用于电视,报章等)(在电视,报纸等上)亮相,被报道④(用于身体状况)挨冻,受寒⑤(用于照相机胶片)⑴(拍依仗照片的)软片,底片,胶片⑵暴光时间时间⑥暴露,显露文章大意：susan 要找工作,但都没有合适的,于是找john 帮忙出主意,那么最终susan选到合适的工作了吗?★word tips:1.job fair:劳务市场2.sue: [sju:] ①要求、请求；控告②控告、起诉3.ad=advertisement: 广告4.update:[v] ①使现代化,更新②向⋯⋯提供最新信息,给⋯⋯增加最新信息5.it=information technology: 信息技术文章大意：susan 即将去面试,向john请教如何才能更好的通过面试.★word tip:fringe[frind?] benefit:[n]( 工资外的)额外补贴,附加福利★words in text:aggressive:[ ?gresiv](line 5)[adj] ①好斗的,挑衅的,侵略的,富于攻击性的②进取的文章大意：helen 所在的公司准备从头开始，招收新人。

新视野⼤学英语视听说教程Unit6Uint6II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptW: Wha t?s that? Is it a toy? Did it get chewed by a dog?M: Hey, that?s my mascot! My uncle gave it to me when I was five, and it?s been with me ever since. It brought me luck in all my college exams. I can?t bring myself to part with it.Q: What does the man say about his lucky charm?2.ScriptW: Wish me luck; I?ve got a job interview this afternoon. I?m really nervous.M: Stay calm, best of luck! I?ve got my finger crossed for you.Q: What does the woman say he has crossed his fingers for the woman?3. ScriptW: Oh no! Did you see that black cat walk right in front of me? That?s unlucky!M:Really? I guess it depends on where you come from. In my hometown it?s the opposite: It?s lucky to see a black cat cross your path. So no need to worry!Q: What do the man and the woman think about a black cat crossing their path?4. ScriptM: Guess what I did this morning? I smashed my mirror. A great way to start the day! W: Oh no, seven years? bad luck, isn?t it?Q: What happened in the morning?5. ScriptM: I can?t believe this rain; it?s been pouring for hours! Where can I dry my umbrella?W: Not in here please! It?s unlucky to open an umbrella indoors. You can put it on the porch.Q: Where does the woman ask the man do to open his umbrella?Keys: 1.C2.C3. A 4.D 5.BIII. Listening InTask 1: David Copperfield is coming.W:My brother is going to pick up some tickers for the David Copperfield show.You interested in coming with us?M:I don?t know. I?ve been card tricks before, and rabbits from hats. I even do tricks myself—watch me change this coin into an ice cream cone.W:Very funny. David Copperfield is the world?s greatest magician; he?s certainly worth a look.M:Actually, I have seen him on television. He pulls off some pretty amazing stunts. I wish I knew how he performed his tricks. Then I could also makea person float in the air. I could pull a rabbit out of my hat. I could escapefrom a straitjacket and handcuffs—all underwater. And I could saw awoman in half.W: A magician never tells his secrets. David attempts the impossible and no one has any idea how he does it. I saw him on TV when he walked throughthe Great Wall of China.M:How could he do that?W: I have no idea, but I know what I saw: He entered a canvas shelter on one side of the wall, and he came out of a canvas shelter on the other side.M:yes, bur was he always in full view of the camera, or did they cut to a commercial or something else?W:Not only was the camera running all the time, but he was hooked up a heart monitor, and you could track his progress as he moved through the wall. M:It?s difficult to know what to believe. I know it?s not possible for him to do that, but…W: It sounds to me like it?s a show worth watching.M: Count me in. Instead of an ice cream cone, I?ll turn my money into a ticket.1.What is the dialog mainly about?2.Which of the following DOESN?T the man mention?3.What did David Copperfield do at the Great Wall of China, according to thewoman?4.Under what condition did David Copperfield go through the Great Wall?5.What does the man finally decide to do?Keys: 1C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.CFor Reference1. He could make a person float in the air, pull a rabbit out of his hat, escape from astraitjacket and handcuffs—all underwater, and saw a woman in half.2. She thinks Davis Copperfield in the world?s greatest magician and he?s certainlyworth a look.Task 2: Is it really bad luck?ScriptAre you worried because you have just broken a mirror? Some people believe that breaking a mirror is a (S1) terrible thing to do. They say it will bring you seven years of (S2) misfortune. The reason behind this belief stems the old idea that a person?s soul is in their (S3) reflection, so that if you smash your mirror, you soul will be (S4) damaged too, dooming you do an early death, and not giving you entry to (S5) heaven. Is there any way to reverse this bad luck? Yes—if you very carefully (S6) pick up all the broken pieces of the mirror and throw them into a river or stream, then the bad luck will be”(S7) washed away”.Of all number, 13 is the most associated with bad luck. (S8) Some people claim that the number is bad luck because thirteen people sat down for the Last Supper before Jesus was crucified, and with this in mind few hosts will serve dinner with thirteen at the table. And according to an ancient Norwegian tale, twelve gods had gathered for a feast when a thirteenth, Loke, entered. After the meal, Loke killed Balder, who was the most beloved of all the gods.(S9) Friday the thirteenth of any month is considered especially bad or unlucky, and Friday the thirteenth of March is the worst of the all.The number seven also has some superstition connected to it. It is said that God created the world in seven days, and any association with the number is luck. The seventh son of the seventh son is said to be the luckiest of men, and (S10)When people talk about the “seven-year itch”they mean that every seven years a person undergoes a complete change in personality.Task3: The Status on Easter IslandScriptOne of the greatest mysteries on Earth is the statues on Easter Island. The island is one of the most remote places on Earth, located in the southern Pacific Ocean. It was almost uninhabited when it was discovered on Easter Day in 1722 by a Dutch captain, but it is covered with hundreds of giant statues, each weighing several tons and some standing more than 30 feet tall.Who carved these statures, and how and why were they put there?Nobody knows the answer for sure, but many ate trying to find out. There are manytheories to explain this mystery. It has even been suggested the space aliens may have played a role regarding these giant statues. Another theory relates to the fact that Easter Island was inhabited by Polynesian seafarers, who traveled thousand of miles in their canoes, guided by the stars, the color of sky and the sun , the shapes of clouds, and the presence of birds making flights out to sea seeking food. The Polynesians first arrived on the island in 499A.D.However, the ocean currents which carried them there would mot take them back. They were trapped and, having arrived there, could not leave. The Polynesians probable cared the statues themselves, perhaps as religious symbols.To date, 887 statues have been discovered on the island. However, only a few statues were carried intended destination. The rest were abandoned along the way.The statues appear to have been carved out of the top edge of walls of a volcano on the island. After a statue was carved, it may have been rolled or dragged down to the base of the volcano. Then it was put upright, and ropes were tied around it. Using a pulley system, the statue was moves to its intended destination.At its peak, the population of Eater Island is believed to have reached 11,000. Eventually, the resources of the island were exhausted, and the people resorted to cannibalism, eating one another. Work on the statues stopped and the statues were knocked over. When the first Europeans finally arrived on the island, most of the people lad died out.1.When and by whom was the island discovered?2.Who are mentioned in the passage as possible builders of the statues?3.What is true of the Polynesians on the island according to the passage?4.How many statues ere carried to their intended destination?5. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?Keys: 1A 2.B3. D 4.D 5BFor ReferenceThe resources of the island were exhausted, and the people resorted to cannibalism, eating each other. When the first Europeans finally arrived on the island, most of the people lad died out.IV. Speaking OutMODEL 1This is a custom that dates back to the ancient Celts.Chris: Sue, do you know why people say, “knock on wood” when they want to avoid bad luck?Susan: It sounds a bit funny. As far as I know, it has a lot to do with ancient Celtic people. They worshipped trees.Chris: Sounds interesting.Susan: They thoughts trees would suck demons back into the ground.Chris: Well, when you think about the deep roots, their belief seems to make some senses.Susan: What?s more, knocking on wood was a way to brag without being punished.People once thought that evil spirits would become jealous if good fortunewas pointed out to themChris: Uh, yes, go on.Susan: well, by knocking on wood three times, the noise could frightened away the evil spirits, and they couldn?t have to rob the braggart of that good fortune Chris: I?m afraid those who don?t know this superstition might be frightened away as well. Susan:Now here?s a test. Do you know how the custom of kissing under the mistletoe originated?Chris:I haven?t the slightest idea, but I?m all ears.Susan:Again this is a custom that dates back to the ancient Celts. Since they worshipped trees, they conducted many of their ceremonies in thewoods in the shade of trees.Chris: Now I see. Probably it?s under these mistletoe trees that weddings took place. Susan: I wish you were standing under some mistletoe right now.Chris: Luckily I?m not. Touch wood.MODEL2 Is there any relationship between superstitions and real life?ScriptChris: It?s strange that so many people are superstitious. There must be some relationship between superstitions and real life.Susan:You know, Richard Wiseman, a British psychologist researched the relationship between superstition and luck. Chris: What did he find? Most people would be interested. At least I would Susan:He polled ,000 people and fond that people who believe themselves to be lucky tend to go for positive superstitions .They may wear a ring as a talismanor often say,” touch wood” for good luck.Chris: Then, what about the unlucky people? Do you mean if they think they ate unlucky, they tend to believe in superstitions abut bad luck.Susan: Yeah. They worry a lot about a broken mirror, a black cat running across their path, and so on.Chris: So what is his point?Susan: His point is that people make their own luck by their attitude to life. So, 49 percent of lucky people regularly cross their fingers, compared to 30 percent of unlucky people. And only 18 percent of lucky people are anxious if they break a mirror. Chris: So, our fate is linked to our attitude rather than to our superstitions.Susan: I think that?s what he is suggesting.Chris: This research seems too complicates. If I were a psychologist, I would conducta survey to find whether 13 really is an unlucky number. I f there ere trafficaccidents or murders on the 13th than on other days, then we have to believe in superstitions.Susan: What if there weren?t?Chris: Then I wouldn?t be superstitious.Susan: What a brilliant idea! I never expected you to be as wise as Solomon. Chris: Well as long as you don?t think I?m a fool.MODEL3 I believe ETs have visited the earth before.ScriptNora: Hey, what?s this picture of yours? It looks like a flying saucer.Chris: It is. I was visited by aliens last week and this is a picture of their spacecraft. Nora: When I look closer, it resembles aliver Frisbee.Chris: But it could have been aliens. I believe ETs have visited the earth befor e. What do you think?Nora:It would be hard to believe otherwise. Projects like the pyramids are difficult to explain away, given the level of technology that was available at the time Chris: That?s for sure. They are mysterious.Nora: When you consider all those “impossibilities, it?s tempting to infer that some highly advanced civilization assisted humans in their construction.Chris: Think about this: if you were abducted by aliens and taken up to their spaceship or something …well…Nora: What do you mean?Chris: I mean, who would believe you? You?d go nuts telling everyone: “It?s true! I was abducted by aliens!”Nora: And everyone would think you were crazy, or just making up a story to getattention.Chris: From what I understand,sometimes these people do go crazy, trying to convince people about their experiences. Nora: I believe that in some cases they offer pretty good evidence.Chris: So, take a closer look at this picture. Do you still think it?s a Frisbee?Now Your TurnTask 1SAMPLE DIALOGSimon: Eliza, do you know why people say” keep your fingers crossed” when they want to wish others luck?Eliza: It sounds a bit funny. As far as I know, it?s a lot to do with an ancient Christian belief.Simon: Uh, go on.Eliza:In the Christian belief “making the sign of the cross” would keep away evil spirits and bad luck.Simon: I see. When you think about the cross, sign of Christianity, that belief seems to make some sense.Eliza:That?s true. That?s why children often cross their fingers when they tell a small lie. They want to keep bad luck away, or to avoid being punished. Simon: Sounds interesting. So, I?ll cross my fingers for you before you take the final examination. Eliza:Thank you.Simon: But those who don?t understand this superstition might be puzzledEliza:With interesting communications among nations, more and more people can understand it now.V. Let’s TalkScriptThanks, perhaps, to falling stock markets and unrest in the Middle East, Britons have become even more superstitious than usual, according to a report published today. “There has been a significant increase in superstition over the last month, possible as a result of current economic and political uncertainties,” stated Dr. Dick Armstrong. He launched an Internet Survey of national superstition, and found it to be surprisingly high, even among those with a scientific background. Only more in ten of those surveyed claimed not to be superstitious at all. Three out of four people in Britain feel the need to touch wood, and 65% cross their fingers.It is interesting to note that lucky people were much less superstitious and tended to take constructive action to improve their lives. Conversely, superstitious people tended to regard themselves as among the less lucky, worried about life, had a strong need for control, and could not tolerate ambiguity.The survey also revealed some unexpected beliefs. For example, one respondent could not stay in the bathroom once a toilet had been flushed.There was no evidence that superstitious ever worked, even, when people were instructed to carry lucky charms for a week. They didn?t feel any luckier or more stratified with their lives at the end of that week than when they started.Armstrong attempted to explain this phenomenon: “When students are preparing for exams with a lucky charm, they may trust the charm, rather than doing some extra revision.”VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Horseshoes as a Sign of Good LuckScriptHorseshoes are a traditional sign of good luck. Most people believe this comes from the fact that the horseshoe is shaped like the crescent moon, a period of prosperity and good fortune. One legend has it that the Devil was in disguise and wandering at large, looking for trouble. He happened to call on St. Dunstan, who ea skilled in shoeing horses. St. Dunstan recognized the Devil and tied him to a wall with only his feet free to move. He then set to work shoeing him as though he were a horse, but with such roughness the Devil cried out for mercy. St. Dunstan stopped his work and released the Devil after making him promise never to enter a home on which a horseshoe wasfixed. Witches fear horses, so they are also turned away by a door with a horseshoe mounted on it. The big issue regarding horseshoes is whether they should be hung points up or points down.The original superstition was that the horseshoe is points up to keep the luck from pouring out. Despite this view most buildings with horseshoes in their sign hang them the opposite way. The Horseshoe Casino in Las Vegas hangs its horseshoe with the arc on top. They may be hoping their customers? luck runs out, but this is usually not something you advertise in your sign. Finger rings made of horseshoe nail are said to keep away bad luck. Also, robbing two horseshoes together is said to bring good luck.1.According to the passage, what does the crescent moon represent?2.What did St. Dunstan do to the Devil?3.What did the Devil promise?4.What is the big issue concerning the horseshoe?5.Why is the arc of the horseshoe up at the casino in Las Vegas?Keys: 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C5.BTask 2: Superstitions or real bad lucks?ScriptJoan: Pass me that mirror, would you? I?ll see if my makeup is OK.Dick: OOOPS!! Sorry I dropped it…but is it you or me that gets the seven years of bad luck?Joan: You, I hope, but probable neither of us. I wonder where that “old wives? tale”originated anyway.Dick: There used to be a lot of superstitions: black cats, ladders, numbers. My parent and grandparents are full of them.Joan: I agree. People today are much more educated than before. These superstitions are just amusing pieced of history rather than beliefs, don?t you think so? Dick: Perhaps, but some people today still go for them. People whose livelihoods depend more on luck—like professional athletes, or fishermen—often they have superstitious routines.Joan: It?s rue. I have heard of athletes who wear lucky socks or a treasured medal to bring them good fortune.Dick: And let?s not forget lucky numbers. We all know about the number4,6, and 8 inChina.Joan: I know 4 is death and 8 is wealth, but what is the significance of 6?Dick: 6 means good luck. Some people include 6 in their e-mail address just for luck. Joan: Maybe we are not as smart as we think we are.Dick: Well, there are many things in th e universe that we cannot control, and that?s why people are superstitious.Keys: TTFFTTask3: Career TransitionsScriptThere was a king in Africa who has a close friend that he grew up with. The friend has a habit of looking at every situation in his life and saying, “This is good!”One day the king and his friend were out hunting. The friend would load and prepare the guns for the king. The friend had apparently done something wrong in preparing one of the guns, for after taking the gun from his friend, the king fired it and his thumb was blown off. Examining the situation, the friend remarked as usual, “This is good!” to which the king replied, “No, this is NOT good!” and proceeded to send his friend to jail.About a year later, the king was hunting in an area that he should have known to stay clear of. Cannibals captured him and took him to their village. They tied him to a stake surrounded by wood. As they came near to set fire to the wood, they noticed that the king had but one thumb. Being superstitious, they never ate anyone that was less than whole. So they set the king free.As he returned home, he was reminded of the event that had taken his thumb off and felt badly sorry about his treatment of his friend. He went immediately to the jail to speak with his friend. “You were right,”he said, “it was good for my thumb was blown off.” Then he apologized, “I?m very sorry for sending you to jail for so long. It was bad for me to do this.”“No,” his friend replied, “this is good!”“What do you mean, …this is good?? How could it be good that I sent you, my good friend, to jail for all this time?”“If I had not been in jail, I would have been with you—and eaten.!”For Reference1.He had a habit of looking at every situation in his life and saying, “This is good!”2.After taking the gun, the king fired it and his thumb was blown off.3.They set the king free, because being superstitious, they never ate anyone that wasless than whole4.He felt sorry for his friend and went to the jail to apologize to him.5. If he had not been in jail, I would have been with you—and eaten.News ReportEgyptian TombsScriptArchaeologist have uncovered two tombs that date back more than 2,500 years in the part of Cairo where the ancient city of Heliopolis once stood, according to Egyptian antiquity authorities.Although there is a modern suburb of Heliopolis in Cairo southeast of its ancient namesake, the original Heliopolis was known as a center of learning and academic study in ancient Mediterranean times.The 26-century-old tombs that date back to the years 664 to 625 BC were developed during a routine archaeological inspection of an empty plot of land in the Eins Shams district of northwestern Cairo. This district covers part of the ground that used to be the ancient city of Heliopolis.The owner of the land was seeking construction rights and by law, construction cannot begin without a permit certifying that the site has no historical significance.The first of the two limestone tombs to be opened contained a sarcophagus and sixteen statuettes, said the chief statearchaeologist for the Cairo-Giza area, Zahi Hawass.Hawass said in a statement that the tombs were found in a d owntown residential area, three meters below the ground. [SOUND BITE]Hawass went on to give a more detailed account of the important find.[SOUND BITE]It appears that the tombs have not been raided by grave robbers, but they have been damaged by leaking sewage water. The first tomb to be uncovered belonged to a builder named Waja-Hur. His name was engraved on the statuettes, which the ancient Egyptians placed in tombs to answer questions for them in the afterlife.Te process of recovering these artifacts can be long and tedious, but the historical significance of these pieces makes the painstaking work worthwhile.[SOUND BITE]Egyptian archaeologists plan to open the second tomb on Sunday.。