《应用型大学英语——视听说》教案单元名称：Unit 8 Chinese Opera单元话题：All about Chinese operaPart One: Purpose of T eachingIn this unit, we will focus on Chinese opera. We will learn relevant vocabulary and expressions. We will also learn how to ask the way in oral communication. Oral activities in different forms will be conducted to practice these language skills.Part Two: Time ArrangementPart Three: Teaching ContentsⅠLead-in (10 minutes)●Make students think about what they know about Chinese opera: what Chineseopera performances they have watched, which famous performer they like, What advantages and disadvantages they can think of concerning the development of Chinese opera on the international stage, etc.Culture Link●Lead students to read the passage about Peking Opera.Beijing Opera (Peking Opera)Beijing opera, more commonly known as Peking Opera to westerners, is deemed the national opera of China.The accompanying music, singing and costumes are all fascinating and artistic. Full of Chinese cultural elements, the opera presents to the audience an encyclopedia of Chinese culture as well as unfolding stories, beautiful paintings, exquisite costumes, graceful gestures and acrobatic fighting.Since Beijing Opera enjoys a higher reputation than other local operas, almost every province of China has more than one Beijing Opera troupe.There're also many troupes formed by non-professional performers, who are called "piaoyou" in Chinese.Beijing Opera is so popular among Chinese people, especially seniors, that even a "Beijing Opera Month" has been declared.HistoryBeijing Opera has an over 200-year history. The main melodies originated from Xipi and Erhuang, originally from Anhui and Hubei province respectively and over time techniques from many other local operas were incorporated.It is said that Beijing Opera gradually came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupes came to Beijing. Beijing Opera underwent fast development during the reign of Emperor Qianlong and the notorious Empress Dowager Cixi under the imperial patron, and eventually became more accessible to the common people.In the ancient times, Beijing Opera was performed mostly on open-air stages in markets, streets, teahouses or temple courtyards. The band had to play loudly and the performers had to develop a piercing style of singing, in order to be heard over the crowds.The costumes were a garish collection of sharply contrasting colors because the stages were dim and lit only by oil lamps.It is a harmonious combination of Grand Opera, Ballet and acrobatic display, consisting of dancing, dialogue, monologue, acrobatic combat and mime.The BandThe Beijing Opera band mainly consists of orchestra band and percussion band. The former frequently accompanies peaceful scenes while the latter often follows scenes of war and fighting. The commonly used percussion instruments include castanets, drums, bells and cymbals. One person usually plays the castanets and the drum simultaneously, who serves as conductor of the whole band as well.The orchestral instruments mainly compose of the Erhu, the Huqin, the Yueqin, the Sheng (reed pipe), the Pipa (lute) and other instruments. The band usually sits on the left side of the stage.The RolesThere are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou."Sheng" are the leading male actors and are divided into:"Laosheng," - who wear beards and represent old men"Xiaosheng," - who represent young men"Wusheng," - who play military men and fighters"Wawasheng" - who play kidsThe above roles usually wear no facial paintings. "Hongsheng", another category of "Sheng" whose face is painted red, mainly plays "Guanyu" (ChineseAres) and "Zhao Kuangyin" (the founder of the Song Dynasty)."Dan" is the female roles. Formerly, the term meant female impersonator. It is divided into many categories"Laodan" - are the old ladies"Caidan" - the female comedians"Wudan" - usually play military or non-military women capable of martial arts"Qingyi" - the most important category, usually play respectable and decent ladies in elegant costumes"Huadan" - represent lively and clever young girls, usually in short costumes"Jing", mostly male, are the face-painted roles who represent warriors, heroes, statesmen, adventurers and demons. "Jing" is generally categorized into "Zhengjing," "Fujing" and "Wujing"."Chou" refers to clowns who are characterized by a white patch on the nose.Usually white patches of different shape and size mean different characters. They are not definitely rascals, while most of the time they play roles of wit, alert and humor. It is these characters who keep the audience laughing and improvise quips at the right moments to ease tension in some serious plays.Facial PaintingIt is said that this special art derived from the Chinese opera has different origins. But no matter what its origin is, the facial painting is worth appreciating for its artistic value. The paintings are presentations of the roles of the characters.For example, a red face usually depicts the role's bravery, uprightness and loyalty; a white face symbolizes a sinister role's treachery and guile; a green face describes surly stubbornness, impetuosity and lack of self-restraint.In addition, the pattern of the facial painting reveals the role's information too. In a word, the unique makeup in the opera allows the characters on the stage to reveal them voicelessly.W arm-up Exercises Sound RecognitionMake students read each group. Ask them to pay special attention to the sound difference in them. Then play the recording to ask them to pick out the sound they hear and check the answers.Activity 1 Listening●Direct students to read and learn the words and expressions in the word box.●Direct students to read questions first and predict what they are going to hear.●Play the recording.●Check answers and explain. Have them underline useful oral expressions ifpossible.Activity 2 Viewing●Direct students to read questions first and predict what they are going to hear.●Play the recording.●Check answers and explain.Word Bankobsess（使）牵挂，（使）着迷gong锣cymbal铜钹be obsessed with 痴迷于……Activity 3 Speaking●Teachers are expected to require the students to work in pairs, and then ask one ortwo groups to present their own discussions.●Ask students to survey to see how many students share the same opinion.ⅡCommunication Skills (20 minutes)Activity 1 Oral Functions●Go over the listed expressions one by one. If necessary, translate them intoChinese.●Lead the class to read these expressions, and pay special attention to soundlinking.Activity 2 Oral PracticeTask 1 Listening●Play the recording and check answers.●Underline important communication skill patterns.Task 2 Viewing●Familiarize students with the background of the video.●Play the video (twice if possible).●Check answers.Task 3 Speaking●Prepare several groups of words related to the possible topics that may bediscussed by students. Advise them to focus on just one topic.●Allow enough time for students to work in pairs.●Invite volunteer pairs to show their dialogue to the whole class.●Encourage students’ progress in oral practice.ⅢIn-putting & Out-putting (30 minutes)Activity 1 Listening to learn●Direct students to check words and expressions in the activity. Encourage them toname any word they think is new and briefly explain it.Task 1 Listening for information●Have students read statements first and play the recording.●Check answers.Task 2 Listening for details●Play the recording once again.●Check answers.●Make sure students have got the correct spelling.Task 3 Oral practice●Allow students to discuss in pairs or in groups.●The teacher walk around to offer any help when necessary.●Students report to the whole class about their discussion results.Word Bankpilot /ˈpaɪ.lət/ adj. 引导的，示范的primary school小学secondary school中学Ministry of Education教育部Activity 2 Viewing to learn●Make students to guess what will happen in the video.●Lead them to read and study the words in the box.Task 1 Viewing for information●Play the video●Check answers.Task 2 Viewing for details●Play the video once again●Check answers.●Solve any problems students may have.Task 3 Oral Practice●Encourage students to make the conversation colorful and interesting. Pay specialattention to the interview skills.Word Banklegacy 祖先传下来之物，遗赠物Los Angeles洛杉矶Mei Lanfang 梅兰芳Mei Baojiu 梅葆玖（梅兰芳之子）China Daily 《中国日报》ⅣFollow-up Activities (20 minutes)Activity 1 Listening to LearnTask 1 Listening for information●Lead students to read and study the words in the box.●Have students read questions first and play the recording.●Check answers.Word Bankcriticism 批评，评论reveal 显示，透露fame名声，名望Task 2 Oral Practice●Allow enough time for students to divide their groups into two.●Each group should nominate a group leader to gather facts and proofs for theirdebate.●The teacher walks around to offer any necessary help to each group.●Presentation skills are required while students hold the debate.Activity 2 Viewing for informationTask 1 Viewing for Information●Lead students to read and study the words in the box.●Make students to carefully read the statement and see if there is any clue.●Play the video and check answers.Word Bankcelebrate庆祝，庆贺，颂扬amateur业余爱好者，外行decorate 装饰，装修judge评委contestant竞争者，参赛者，提出异议者enthusiast 热心人，热衷者anniversary周年纪念(日)Task 2 Oral practice●Ask students to prepare for this part before class.●Let students limit their presentation with three-minutes.●Presentation skills are expected to introduce to students.●Evaluation is necessary after students’ presentation.V. Entertainment (5 minutes)●Some introduction to the song and the singer.●Play the recording once for students to enjoy.●Play it the second time and ask students to fill in the blanks.●Check answers.●If necessary, play it the third time.Review Checklist(5 minutes)●Have students finish the checklist in class or after school.。
