中考命题研究河北省2020中考英语 语法专题突破 专题十二 句子种类(无答案) 人教新目标版
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专题六连词河北中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值并列连词202032 so表结果or/so/and/but 1分202040 but表转折but/and/so/or 1分202047 but表转折or/so/and/but1分202033 but表转折so/and/but/or 1分从属连词202049 before after/since/before/until1分202038 though表让步though/because/while/unless1分202048 when表时间when/until/before/since1分202036 it表条件if/until/unless/though1分202041 unless表条件unless/once/since/after1分连词是近5年河北中考的必考点。
从属连词主要考查其在状语从句中的运用及辨析,常见的有though、although引导的让步状语从句;if、unless引导的条件状语从句;when、while、as soon as引导的时间状语从句等。
语句设置多为一个单句,词数为10~13。
并列连词主要是其在句中的逻辑关系与意义,如表转折、因果、并列、选择关系的用法。
其中,对but表转折的用法考查较多。
语句设置比较简单,多为11~12词。
预计2020年河北中考单项选择考查从属连词的可能性很大,学生要重点掌握常见连词的基本用法及词义辨析。
,河北中考重难点突破并列连词【考点抢测】( )1.You make lunch,________ I'll take care of the baby.A.but B.or C.for D.and( )2.Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends,QQ ________ WeChat?A.and B.but C.or D.so( )3.Tom thinks action movies are interesting,____ I think they are boring.A.but B.and C.so D.or( )4.Please tell me the truth,________ I can decide how to help you next step.A.so B.or C.but D.for( )5.Smile to the world,________ the world will smile back to you. A.nor B.but C.or D.and【满分点拨】常见并列连词并列连词意义及用法例句and “和”,表并列或顺承关系。
专题一名词河北中考五年命题规律及趋势编者按:系统分析河北近5年试题,重点是单项选择、完形填空、词语运用题,逐命题点统计考查频次,表格直观呈现,并在各命题后批注考情,便于快速把握重点,逐一攻克。
dy/pie53 results/films/prizes/drawings1分55 chance/practice/difference/experience1分202030 prize/prizes/hobby/hobbies1分48 advice/picture/idea/card1分52 note/word/address/letter1分名词单复数202079 river→rivers1分80 wish→wishes1分202081 foot→feet1分202085 festival—festivals1分名词转换202082 science——scientist1分82 play——players1分分析河北近5年中考真题可以看出,名词为单项选择题的必考点,且近两年偏向名词词义在语境中的辨析,句子设置的语境贴近学生生活实际。
对名词单复数的考查会和词义辨析结合,注重对语境的考查。
对名词所有格的考查也会和单复数结合,侧重于不规则变化的名词复数。
设题形式均为简单句,以两个单句为主,一个句子提供语境,另一个句子设题,词数在9~12个。
另外,完形填空和词语运用中也会涉及对名词的考查,完形填空侧重考查名词的词义辨析,而词语运用则侧重对名词单复数的所有格的考查。
预计2020年河北中考的单项选择仍会考查名词词义辨析题,且与语境紧密结合。
完形填空也会涉及2~3道名词词义辨析题,且与上下文语境相结合。
词语运用中考查名词变复数的可能性较大。
河北中考重难点突破名词⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧名词的分类⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧专有名词普通名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧个体名词集体名词不可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧物质名词抽象名词名词的数⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧单数复数⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧规则变化不规则变化不可数名词名词的所有格⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧'s 所有格的构成及用法of 所有格的构成及用法双重所有格名词的句法作用⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧名词作主语、宾语、表语名词作定语、同位语、补语、状语名词辨析【考点抢测】( )1.If Peter comes to us by any chance ,please ask him to leave a ________. A .letter B .sentence C .message D .notice( )2.(2020石家庄42中模拟)If you go to visit London ,don't forget to bring your ________. Because it rains a lot.A .passportB .moneyC .mapD .umbrella( )3.(2020石家庄28中模拟)It's your ________ as a teacher to protect your students. A .duty B .hobby C .habit D .manner( )4.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________. A .knowledge B .energy C .change D .courage( )5.It's a good ________ to have breakfast every morning. A .habit B .job C .menu D .skill( )6.I want to write for international ________ to become a writer. A .chairs B .computers C .doors D .magazines( )7.The Internet is very useful. We can get a lot of ________ from it. A .things B .troubles C .questions D .information( )8.Lin Shuhao is one of the best basketball ________ in NBA.A.actors B.playersC.waiters D.writers( )9.Please pick me up at the ________. My plane arrives at 8:00 a.m.A.hotel B.airportC.museum D.theatre( )10.(2020保定17中模拟)I will stay at ______ when the summer holiday come.A.house B.homeC.family D.flat( )11.It's kind of you to offer your ________ to the old in the bus.A.seat B.spaceC.place D.room( )12.(2020张家口9中模拟)Now there are more and more new drivers,but they haven't got a correct ________ of direction.A.idea B.feelingC.experience D.sense【满分点拨】分析河北中考近几年单选和完形对名词辨析的考查,主要以语境辨析和近义词辨析为主。
题型二完形填空河北中考五年命题规律及趋势年份2020 2020 2020 2020 2020文体记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文说明文话题学会享受生活助人为乐的故事介绍父亲乐观的原因及对我的影响成功的原因介绍了明信片的发展史词数和段落243词,7段式225词,6段式186词,4段式195词,3段式182词,3段式考查点名词、动词及动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词等完型填空的文章文体主要为记叙文和说明文,话题包括个人成长和人物经历及感受、英语学习、事物发展史、实物介绍等,短文为3段式或4段式,词数在180~230之间。
通常首尾句不设空,全文设空均匀,一句话不会设两空。
考查点都是动词、名词、形容词和副词等词义辨析,不会涉及对纯语法的考查。
而且文中会涉及生词,一般不会超过3个,且生词已给出汉语释义。
解题方法与技巧完形填空是介于单项选择题和阅读理解题之间的一种题型,旨在考查学生对词汇和语法知识在单句、上下文、语篇等各种具体语境下的综合运用能力,这就要求考生在解题中掌握一些方法、技巧。
1.速读,初读全文,跳开选项了解信息,初步掌握文章大意,抓住主题。
完型填空的首句一般不留空,因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句,有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意,不要急于看选项,找答案。
应通篇浏览文章,掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。
也不要拘泥于个别细节,否则难以达到整体上的把握。
2.精读。
精读细研,初填试选,抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。
再读时,可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空,即常见完形填空的7种命题角度:语境推断;词汇复现;生活常识;固定搭配;逻辑推理;推理判断;语法知识(河北近7年中考完形填空中并没有涉及过此种命题角度)。
3.复读。
再次阅读文章,瞻前顾后,反复推敲,检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。
对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词,可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。
即:先看前后搭配是否符合语法;再看上下文意思是否通顺;后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景,从而选出正确的答案。
语法专题(十二)简单句语法综合操练Ⅰ. 单项选择1. [2018 ·淮安 ]—My sister is planning to have a second child next year.—good idea it is!A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a2. [2018 ·吉林改编 ] Please here earlier!We don’t want to miss the last bus to the library.A.arriveB.to arriveC.arrivingD.to arriving3. [2018 ·云南 ]—fast China is developing!— Yes, we are so lucky to live in such a great country.A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a4. [2018 ·兰州 ]—fine weather it is! Let’s go for a walk.— Sounds like a great idea.A.WhatB.HowC.What aD.How a5. [2018 ·莱芜 ]—have you talked with your friends on WeChat?— Since I finished my homework.A.How farB.How oftenC.How soonD.How long6. [2018 ·昆明 ]—Hi, Lucy.is your birthday?— My birthday is on May 2nd.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhenD.Where7. [2018 ·北京 ] —do you usually go to school, Mary?— By bike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.Why8. [2017 ·烟台 ]—?A.How is RitaB.What does Rita likeC.What does Rita look likeD.How do you like Rita9. [2017 ·南京 ]—Millie,do you take the course in DIY?— Every Saturday afternoon.A.how longB.how farC.how muchD.how often10. — Jim,read books while you are walking in the street. It — OK, thank you.A.don’tB.doesn’tC.won’tD.c an’tⅡ. 连词成句A 1.better, are, feeling, you2.people, are, what, they, kind3.does, which, in, live, building, Jenny4.cost, the, money, didn’t, dictionary, much, me5.lent, Sam, iPad, to, I, yesterday, myB 6.Beijing, does, live, she, in ’s very dangerous.?!?..7.your, what, is, shirt, size?8.got, yesterday, up, he, late.9.on, books, my, there, desk, some, are.10.look, the, beautiful, how, flowers!C11.my, father, it, bought, yesterday.12.gift, him, gave, a, I, yesterday.13.man, is, young, who, that?14.he, working, hard, is, how!15.card, that, me, pass, black.D16.have, ever, seen, you, the, film17.wonderful, the, how, party, was!18.sister, wake, don’t, your, up, little.19.I, collecting, interested, stamps, in, am.20.there will be, a, tomorrow, meeting, sports.E21.for, you, ready, class, are?22.man, who, young, that, is?23.noise, make, much, don’t, so.24.bed, better, earlier, had, to, you, go.25.how, a, showed, him, plane, make, she, model, to.F26.you, do, a, volleyball, have27.helped, I, my mom, housework, do, yesterday.28.for, thanks, the, party, planning.29.are, kids, some, playing, in the garden, there.30.carefully, how, she, studies!G31.go out, he, a walk, often, does, for?32.did, why, come, late, yesterday, you?33.hot, is, weather, how, the!34.have a talk, we, going, this afternoon, are, to.35.when, got up, know, I, he, this morning.H36.big, is, my, yours, as, apple, as.37.a woolen sweater, I, bought, my mother.38.get home, will, mother, how soon, Tom’s?39.me, can you, bought, tell, the book, where, he?40.help, you, nice, of, to, how, us!参照答案Ⅰ .1.B 形容词 good 修饰名词 idea, 中心词是名词 , 用 what 指引叹息句 ,idea 是可数名词 , 在形容词 good 前用不定冠词 a。
专题十二句子种类重难点分析句子是具有一定的语法结构,表达一个独立完整意义的语言单位。
高考重点要求考生:1.掌握陈述句的基本用法;2.掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的应答;3.掌握祈使句的构成及作用;4.掌握感叹句的用法和构成;5.分清简单句、并列句和复合句的类型。
考生对句子种类相关知识的掌握对提高书面表达的准确性也显得尤为重要。
一、句子种类分类句子种类例句按使用目的陈述句肯定句He is six years old. 他六岁了。
否定句She didn’t hear of you before. 她之前没听说过你。
疑问句一般Do they like skating? 他们喜欢溜冰吗?特殊How old is he? 他多大了?选择Is he six or seven years old? 他是六岁还是七岁?反意Mary can swim, can’t she? 玛丽会游泳,不是吗?祈使句Be quiet, boys. Don’t talk in class. 安静,孩子们。
不要在课堂上讲话。
感叹句How clever the boy is! / What a clever boy he is! 一个多么聪明的男孩啊!按结构简单句He often reads English in the morning. 他常常在早晨读英语。
Tom and Mike are American boys. 汤姆和迈克是美国人。
并列句(由并列连词or, and, but等或用分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起)You help him and he helps you. 你帮助他,他也帮助你。
The food was good, but he had little appetite. 饭菜很好吃,但他没什么胃口。
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
2019-2020年中考英语语法专题突破专题十二句子种类人教新目标版分析近5年河北中考真题可以看出,there be句型与主谓一致为河北中考单项选择题的常考点,而且常与时态同时考查。
语句设置多为单句,词数为8~14。
如:2011年28题考查there be句型的过去时;偶尔也会考查固定句型,如:xx年29题考查“There is something wrong with…”的用法。
预计xx年河北中考单项选择题会涉及一道题考查there be句型或主谓一致。
河北中考重难点突破【考点抢测】1.on,books,the,there,desk,some,are________________________________________________________________________.2.a,there,here,near,is,bookstore________________________________________________________________________?( )3.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei ________ fond of the TV program A Bite of China.A.is B.am C.was D.are( )4.Some funny cartoon pictures ________ on the wall of my bedroom.A.is B.are C.am D.be( )5.Not only my father but also my grandpa ________ flying to Singapore this weekend.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )6.There ________ some flowers on the teacher's desk just now,but now there is nothing on it.A.have B.wasC.were D.had( )7.There ________ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.A.is going to be B.is going to haveC.will have D.will hold( )8.David,there ________ a dictionary and some books on your desk.Pleaseput them away.A.is B.are C.have D.has 【满分点拨】一、语法一致原则如果表示的是复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。
专题十二句子种类基本句型、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句与倒装句河北中考五年命题规律及趋势考纲要求句子种类:1.陈述句2.疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句)3.祈使句4.感叹句基本句型:1.主语+系动词+表语2.主语+不及物动词3.主语+及物动词+宾语4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语6.there be句型考查点年份题号考查角度分值祈使句202084that man,among,look at,they(连词成句)1分how词组202032how词组辨析(howmany/how__much/how long/how often)1分感叹句202032 What a/an+adj.+n. 1分简单句是河北中考单项选择的必考点。
感叹句是轮考点,语句设置均为2个单句,词数为7—11。
另外,连词成句题也会涉及感叹句的考查,且单项选择和连词成句中不会同时出现对感叹句的考查。
在连词成句中,感叹句一般都会和祈使句轮流考查,不会同时出现。
how词组在单项选择中是偶考点,5年单项选择中考了2次。
题型设置均为对话形式,词数为10—11。
连词成句中也偶尔会涉及how词组的运用,多为其引导的疑问句。
预测2020年河北中考单项选择考查how词组的可能性最大。
连词成句中考查感叹句的可能性极强。
河北中考重难点突破句子基本句型主语+不及物动词主语+及物动词+宾语主语+系动词+表语(主语补足语)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语种类按使用目的分陈述句疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句祈使句感叹句按句子类别分:简单句、并列句、复合句基本句型【满分点拨】河北中考对五大基本句型结构的考查主要体现在连词成句和书面表达题型中。
所以学生对这五大基本句型要熟练掌握并运用。
句型结构例句主语+系动词+表语The bike is new.这辆自行车是新的。
The hat looks nice on you!你戴这顶帽子真好看!主语+不及物动词He swims in the river every summer.他每年夏天都在这条河里游泳。
专题十二句子种类基本句型、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句与倒装句河北中考五年命题规律及趋势简单句是河北中考单项选择的必考点。
感叹句是轮考点,语句设置均为2个单句,词数为7~11。
另外,连词成句题也会涉及感叹句的考查,且单项选择和连词成句中不会同时出现对感叹句的考查。
在连词成句中,感叹句一般都会和祈使句轮流考查,不会同时出现。
how词组在单项选择中是偶考点,5年单项选择中考了2次。
题型设置均为对话形式,词数为10~11。
连词成句中也偶尔会涉及how词组的运用,多为其引导的疑问句。
预计2020年河北中考单项选择考查how词组的可能性最大。
连词成句中考查感叹句的可能性极强。
河北中考重难点突破句子⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧基本句型⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧主语+不及物动词主语+及物动词+宾语主语+系动词+表语(主语补足语)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语种类⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧按使用目的分⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧陈述句疑问句⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句祈使句感叹句按句子类别分:简单句、并列句、复合句基本句型【考点抢测】1.good ,the ,sounds ,advice________________________________________________________________________. 2.a ,cold ,he ,had ,yesterday________________________________________________________________________. 3.use ,how ,him ,to ,I ,taught ,computers________________________________________________________________________. 4.pens ,those ,she ,pass ,black ,please________________________________________________________________________. 5.he ,days ,three ,leave ,here ,in________________________________________________________________________. 【满分点拨】河北中考对五大基本句型结构的考查主要体现在连词成句和书面表达题型中。
所以学生对这五大基本句型要熟练掌握并运用。
句型结构 例句主语+系动词+表语 The bike is new.这辆自行车是新的。
The hat looks nice on you !你戴这顶帽子真好看! 主语+不及物动词 He swims in the river every summer.他每年夏天都在这条河里游泳!主语+及物动词+宾语Children often sing this song.孩子们经常唱这首歌。
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语She showed her friends all her pictures.她向她的朋友们展示她的照片。
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语We keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们保持教室干净整洁。
疑问句【考点抢测】1.does,a,have,he,sister________________________________________________________________________?2.like,us,would,tomorrow,to,you,join________________________________________________________________________?3.happened,what,you,to________________________________________________________________________?4.do,for,school,what,did,your,you________________________________________________________________________?( )5.—________ do you go to the cinema?—Once a month.A.How long B.How farC.How often D.How much( )6.________ do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends,QQ or MSN?A.Which B.How C.Where D.Why【满分点拨】1.疑问句的分类河北近5年中考对疑问句的考查主要为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句,且对疑问句的考查方式侧重于连词成句。
单项选择中对特殊疑问句的考查主要为how 词组辨析。
2.一般疑问句的用法分类概念形式一般疑问句用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。
Be+主语+其他?情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?助动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词+其他?如:—Is she from England?她来自英格兰吗?—Yes,she is.是的,她是。
—Must I finish the report today?我必须今天完成报告吗?—Yes,you must.是的,你必须。
Did she like to dance when she was young?她小时候喜欢跳舞吗?Have you been to Tibet?你去过西藏吗?3.特殊疑问句的用法分类概念形式特殊疑问句以疑问词开头的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。
who询问身份which询问特定的人或物what询问职业或身份when询问时间where询问地点、位置why询问原因how询问方式如:Who is the girl over there?那边的女孩是谁?Which color would you prefer,red or yellow?你更喜欢哪种颜色,红色还是黄色?What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大了将从事什么工作?When did you go to Shanghai last time?你上次去上海是什么时候?Where can I get the ticket for the show?我在哪儿可以买到这场表演的票?Why are you late for the meeting?你为什么开会迟到了?How do you get to school every day?你每天怎样去上学?中考常考查的how疑问词组用法辨析疑问词含义用法how many 多少提问数量,后跟可数名词复数how much 多少提问数量,后跟不可数名词;提问价格,动词随主语而变how often 多久一次提问频率how long 多长提问持续的时间,答语用“for+一段时间”或“since+过去时间点”how soon 多久提问将来时间,答语用“in+一段时间”how far 多远提问距离how old 多大提问年龄备注:反意疑问句和选择疑问句也是疑问句的两大类,因河北中考不涉及此考点,所以不作讲解。
感叹句【考点抢测】1.a,we,yesterday,had,time,what,wonderful________________________________________________________________________!2.today,how,weather,is,the,fine________________________________________________________________________!( )3.________ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square!A.How B.WhatC.What a D.What an( )4.Wow!________ beautiful Chengde is!A.How B.WhatC.What a D.How a【满分点拨】引导词结构例句如何判定what howWhat+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!What a beautiful present it is! 多么漂亮的一件礼物啊!What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!What interesting books they are!多有趣的书啊!What nice music it is!很美妙的音乐!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!How fine the weath er is!天气真好!How+形容词+a/an +单数名词!How beautiful apresent!很漂亮的礼物!由a,an开头的多用what;形容词直接加名词的,多用how感叹句用法口诀感叹句,表情感,how,what放句前。
名词词组跟what,how与形副紧相连。
为了句子更简洁,主谓部分也可略。
祈使句与倒装句【考点抢测】1.those,books,please,me,pass________________________________________________________________________.2.fridge,these,into,please,the,tomatoes,put________________________________________________________________________.3.mistake,same,make,again,the,don't________________________________________________________________________.( )4.(2020唐山9中模拟)Boys and girls,________ in the river.It's not safe.A.don't swim B.to swimC.swim D.not swim( )5.________ harder,and you'll make your dream come true one day.A.Studying B.To studyC.Study D.Studied【满分点拨】祈使句表示命令,请求,建议或劝告等。