实意动词讲义高考英语一轮复习
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语法填空核心考点知识梳理语法填空命题严谨科学,规律性强,是高考英语试卷中最容易得分的部分,也是我们在平时学习时最容易突破的部分。
现总结语法填空核心考点,帮助同学们夯实语法基础,理顺答题思路。
第一部分有提示词(名代动形数)一、名词★考点1:名词变复数★1.转换为形容词(1)n.+-ablehonor→honorable 可敬的(2)n.+-alnature→natural 自然的;天生的music→musical 音乐的;悦耳的(3)n.+-fulcolour→colourful 颜色鲜艳的meaning→meaningful有意义的(4)n.+-en:wood→wooden 木质的(5)n.+-y:wealth→wealthy 富有的2.空前有助动词、情态动词、动词不定式符号to时,转换为动词3.转化为另一个名词【小结】常考名词后缀:1.以-al结尾的名词: arrival到达,approval 批准,proposal 提议,survival 幸存2.以-ure结尾的名词: failure失败,mixture混合,pressure压力,pleasure愉快3.以-age结尾的名词:(1)直接加或去e加-age:package包,盒; postage邮资,邮费; storage贮存; shortage不足,短缺; coverage覆盖范围; percentage 百分比; passage 通道(2)变y为i加-age:marry→marriage婚姻; carry→→carriage 客车厢,运输4.以-er结尾表事物的名词:washer 洗衣机,cutter 刀具,lighter打火机,cooker 炉具,hanger 衣架,container容器,heater 加热器,cooler冷却器,cleaner吸尘器,清洁剂,清洁工5.表示"人"的名词:①加-or,如translator 翻译家①加-ar,如beggar乞丐①加-er,如stranger陌生人①加-ee,如trainee实习生①加-ess,如waitress女服务员①加-ist,journalist记者①加-ian,如civilian平民①加-ant,如assistant 助手①加-( at ) ive,如representative代表6.无规律可循的特殊变形:applaud→applause, believe→belief,choose→choice,enthusiastic→enthusiasm,high→height, proud→ pride, tour → tourism, weigh→ weight,vary→→variety, lose→loss, poor→poverty, behave→behavio(u)r★考点3:名词变所有格(’s)名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
高考英语热点名师调研动词和动词短语动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。
设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
根据意义和句法作用,英语动词可分为四类(一)实义动词1.按性质分实义动词又分成及物动词和不及物动词,表示动作或状态,在句中独立做谓语。
及物动词后须跟宾语;不及物动词不跟宾语。
例:—What did you think of her speech?—She _______for one hour but didn't ________ much.A. spoke; speakB. spoke; sayC. said; speakD. said; say注意:英语里及物动词和不及物动词不是截然分开的,有的动词既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词。
It is important for you to learn how to learn.第一个learn是及物动词,后面有宾语how to learn;第二个learn是不及物动词。
不及物动词向及物动词转化需要借助于介词、副词等构成短语动词。
He is working hard at English.2.按时限分实义动词又分成延续性动词和非延续性动词(短暂性动词)延续性动词动作可以延续,可以与一段时间连用。
如:live, study, work, stay, keep, have等。
非延续性动词(短暂性动词)动作瞬间完成,不能与一段时间连用。
如:finish, come, open, bring, buy 等。
例:The evening news comes on at seven o' clock and ________ only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. continuesC. finishesD. lasts【解析】答案为D。
2024届高三英语高考一轮复习语法考点动词不定式用法注意点与语法结构(讲义)动词不定式特征:动词不定式具有名词、副词和形容词的性质。
动词不定式作用:动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
动词不定式九大注意点01使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语,省略t o(注意:被动语态“t o”加回)。
S h e s a w h e r d au ght e r e nt e r t h e r oom.(H e r d au gh t er wa s s e en t o en t er t h e ro om.)她看见女儿进了房间。
I h e a r d hi m s i n g h ap pi l y j u s t n ow.(H e w as h e a rd t o s i n g h ap pi l y j u s t n ow.)我刚才听到他快乐地唱歌。
02w o ul d r at he r, h ad be t t e r(b e st)等习惯用法之后,省略t o。
I w o u l d r at h e r(not)st a y a t h om e.我宁愿(不)呆在家里。
Y o u h ad b et t e r e at m o re fi sh, l e s s m e at.你最好多吃鱼少吃肉。
03不定式作表语时,它的前面出现d o的各种形式时,省略t o。
T h e on l y t h i n g I c a n do i s w a i t.我唯一能做的事就是等着。
A l l t he y n e e d t o do n ow i s t a k e a b r e ak.现在他们需要的是好好休息。
04“W h y n o t do st h.?” 和“W h y d o n't yo u d o s t h.?”句型中,省略t o。
W h y n o t t r y i t a ga i n?= W h y d o n't yo u t ry i t a ga i n?为什么不再试一下呢?05在w h en, i f, w ha t,as等从句中与l i k e, w a nt, wi s h连用时,省略t o。
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校语法专题十四动词和动词短语英语动词根据其意义和句法作用,可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。
实义动词又称行为动词,为表示动作或状态的动词,可以单独充当句子的谓语,实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。
英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成,在句中起动词的作用。
高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
考点一常用动词辨析1.advise,persuade,suggestadvise用作及物动词,表示“劝告,忠告,建议”,强调提醒或引起注意;persuade表示“说服”,强调劝说成功,主要搭配是:persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事(相当于persuade sb.into doing sth.);如表示劝说但不一定成功,则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词,意为“建议”,后接名词、代词、动名词或从句,从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
2.bring,take,carry,fetchbring“带来,拿来,取来”,强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take“拿走,带走”,强调把人或物从说话者身边带走,方向与bring 相反。
fetch“去拿来,去取来”,强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后,又回到甲地,相当于go and bring。
carry“携带,搬运,运送”,强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3.win,beat,defeatwin表示“赢得,战胜”时,宾语多是比赛项目等。
win sb.则指“赢得人心”。
beat/defeat意为“打败,击败”,其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。
如:beat sb.打败某人;defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。
2021届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(03)动词的分类知识点总结整理前面我们学了可做名词的词类和用法,这次我们要谈谈动词。
什么是动词?定义:用来表示动作或状态的词汇就是动词动词在英语中非常重要,为什么这么说?之前给大家说过一个完整的英语句子一定有主语和谓语(动词)。
谓语由动词承担,也就是说一个句子一定有主语和动词,且看下面英语的5种基本结构,谓语皆为动词。
如果把句子比喻成一个人的话,主语就是头,谓语(由动词承担)就是你的心脏,缺一不可。
可做主语的词类之前几期已经详细说过了,这里不再赘述。
我们先来看动词的分类,之后在学习用法。
大家印象中动词分哪些呢?我先来给大家捋一捋听到过的动词都是怎么分的定义:动词(verb)简称v。
一般就是用来表示动作或状态的词汇分类:根据在句中的功能:实义动词、助动词、系动词、情态动词根据是否接宾语:及物动词、不及物动词根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制:谓语动词、非谓语动词看到这些动词分类大家不陌生吧!很多同学也应该是一头雾水吧!各种说法纷繁复杂。
今天带给大家从不一样的视角看动词分类,请往下看:从图中可知,动词主要分为两大类,5个小类(其实助动词不算一类,它根本没有动词的功能,只是为了区别才分开的),知道动词的分类,你就知道为什么英语有五大基本句型了(请看上一张图),那么问题来了,怎样区分这些动词呢?先别急哦,请往下看,必定让你豁然开朗。
如何判定完全及物动词?考试时我们总不能随身带一本词典。
我们可以按照下面的方式来判断:我他。
(主动)他被我。
(被动)把要判断的动词填到空格中,看是否读的通,若都读的通,意思无语病,那就是及物动词,否则为不及物动词。
例.kill.我 kill 他;他被我 kill ;都读的通,没语病,所以kill是及物动词。
例.dance我 dance 他;他被我 dance 。
语意都有毛病,所以dance为不及物动词。
由此,大家能判断下面的动词了吗?do make produce notice enjoy lovedance run sing study live happen很容易判断第一列为及物动词,第二列为不及物动词,大家没判断错吧?兼做及物动词和不及物动词之常用动词有些动词有两个以上的意思,可作及物动词和不及物动词,同学们在日常的学习中要注意积累,常用的列举如下:singrunstudykill完全及物动词和完全不及物动词前面我们已经知道完全及物动词和完全不及物动词的判断方法,下面详细说明一下。
2021届高中英语新高考一轮语法复习讲义(二十五)实义动词(含真题练习与解析)1)实义动词及物动词和不及物动词都是实义动词。
及物动词是指后面需要接宾语使其意义完整的动词。
可接单个的宾语、双宾语或复合宾语(宾语+宾补).常用动词的习惯用法1)常用双宾语的动词有:allow,bring,cause,choose,do,fetch,find,get,give,hand,leave,lead,make,offer,order,owe,pass,pay,prepare,promise,read,read,refuse,return,sell,send,show,sing,,teach,tell,throw,wish,write等。
如:Please fetch me my cup.2) 常跟名词作宾补的动词有:call,name,make,elect,appoint,thing,find,leave等。
如:He named his dog Henry.3)常跟不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,cause,let,tell,force,get,feel,expect,intend,know,like,want,wish,allow,have,make,help,hear,request,permit,prefer,notice,observe,watch,order,remind等。
如:The commander ordered his soldiers to fire at their enemies.4)常跟形容词作宾补的动词有:make,paint,get,cut,get,want,keep,think,find,like,consider,imagine,turn,prove,wish,leave等。
如:His effort made it possibleto finish the work ahead of time .5)常跟分词作宾补的动词有:see,hear,feel,keep,get,have,notice,watch,understand,smell,set,send,make,find,declare等。
英语基础知识都是些一直以来我认为对的东西,可能并不完全正确,但应该会对你有所帮助。
不清楚你的基础如何,我就把这些都总结了一下,切勿外传=。
=一、词性分类:实词:表示是在意义的词,有名次、动词、形容词、副词、数词、量词、代词。
虚词:不表示是在意义而表示语法的词,有介词、连词、助词、叹词。
1、名词(n.)noun可数名词(c)countable noun不可数名词(u)uncountable noun2、动词(v.)verb①实义动词:与系动词相对,意思完全,能独立用作谓语,分为及物动词和不及物动词。
②系动词:本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,后必须跟表语。
③助动词:本身无词义,不能单独使用。
表示时态、语态、构成疑问句、否定句、加强语气。
常用助动词:do、be、have、shall、will、should、would等等。
注:a、shall作助动词时,在陈述句中只用于第一人称后,用于第二、三人称后则变为情态动词,表示命令、警告、允诺和说话人的决心。
在疑问句中用于第一、三人称。
b、should、would作助动词时分别为shall、will的过去式。
④情态动词:本身有一定词义,但后面要加动词原形,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。
3、代词(pron.)pronoun代替名词的一种词类,大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
①人称代词:主格I you he she we they宾格me you him her us them②物主代词:my your his her our theirmine yours his hers ours theirs③反身代词:myself yourself(yourselves) himself herself ourselves themselves④指示代词:this that these those⑤疑问代词:who what which⑥不定代词:some many both all等等⑦替代词:one ones(以上为常用,还有些较为复杂繁琐,难以言明,故省略)4、形容词(adj.或a.)adjective 用来修饰名词或代词。
高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解动词一、动词概述1、动词的定义:表示动作和状态的词叫作动词。
2、动词的种类:(1)实义动词:表示行为、动作或状态的词。
实义动词词义完整,能独立作谓语,亦称为行为动词。
(2)系动词: 亦称连系动词,是用来关心说明主语“是什么”或“如何样”的动词,系动词本身有词义,但不能独立用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特点等情形。
(3)情态动词: 情态动词用在实义动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
情态动词本身有一定词义,然而不能独立作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。
(4)助动词: 表示不同的时态、语态以及句子的否定和疑问。
助动词本身无词义,不可独立作谓语,只能协助要紧动词构成谓语。
二、动词考点纵览三、综合练习1、系动词和助动词的用法( ) 1. The fish very delicious.A. smellsB. tastesC. looksD. sounds( ) 2. What Mrs. White said sounds____.A. friendlyB. wonderfullyC. pleasantlyD. nicely( ) 3. The poor girl ____ blind at the age of four.A. turnedB. goesC. becameD. went( ) 4. When she was a child she____ .A. grew patienceB. was aliveC. ran wildD. came true ( ) 5. Her voice____ as if she has a cold.A. soundsB. listensC. hearsD. seems( ) 6. This skirt___ as if it is made of cotton.A. isB. looksC. feelsD. seems( ) 7. She looks ___ she hadn’t had a good meal for a week.A. thatB. as ifC. whenD. so far ( ) 8. It ____that he was late for the bus.A. looksB. turnsC. getsD. seems ( ) 9. These oranges taste_____.A. to be goodB. to be wellC. wellD. good( ) 10. ---Do you like the skirt?---Yes, it ____ very soft.A. feelsB. feltC. is feelingD. is felt ( ) 11. The moment Mr. Green went to bed, he____ asleep.A. keptB. gotC. fellD. fall( ) 12. When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.A. goingB. gettingC. runningD. coming( ) 13. His plan ____ to be a perfect one.A. provedB. was provedC. is provingD. proving( ) 14. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.A. soundB. tasteC. becomeD. smell( ) 15. He____ like his father in character.A. looksB. seemsC. isD. feels( ) 16. It____ another fine day tomorrow.A. seemsB. promisesC. appearsD. looks( ) 17. She ____ much younger than she really is.A. appearsB. growsC. becomesD. turns( ) 18. You____ very pale. Do you feel sick?A. lookedB. lookC. lookingD. are looked( ) 19. His wish to become a policeman has ____true.A. turnedB. realizedC. comeD. grown( ) 20. Her father ____a pilot.A. turnedB. grewC. has turnedD. has become ( ) 21. Penny and I _______in Canada now.A. livesB. livingC. are livingD. lived( ) 22. Su Hai is _____to Canada.A. comeB. comingC. comesD. came( ) 23. Did you ______a good trip?A. haveB. hasC. hadD. having( ) 24. I’ll _____you the rooms in my house.A. showingB. to showC. showD. shows( ) 25.You can ______your hands in the bathroom.A. washesB. washedC. washD. washing2、情态动词的用法( ) 1. John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.A.mayB. canC. has toD. mustB.( ) 2. They ___ do well in the exam.C. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able toD. are able toD.( ) 3. ---May I take this book out?E. ---No, you___.F. A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. aren’tG.( ) 4. You___ go and see a doctor at once because you’ve got a fever.H. A. can B. must C. dare D. wouldI.( ) 5. ---Can you speak Japanese?J. ---No, I____.K. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. may notL.( ) 6. ---He___ be in the classroom, I think.M. ---No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.N. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can’t D. may; mustn’tO.( ) 7. ---Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?P. ---Thanks, but you___, I’ve had enough.Q. A. may not B. must not C. can’t D. needn’t R.( ) 8. Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it be very difficult.S. A. may B. must C. can D. needT.( ) 9. He isn’t at school. I think he ___ be ill.U. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to V.( ) 10. ___ I take this one?W. A. May B. Will C. Are D. DoX.( ) 11. The children___ play football on the road.Y. A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. mustZ.( ) 12. You ___ be late for school again next time.AA.A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. don’t have to D. don’t need toBB.( ) 13. ---Must I do my homework at once?CC. ---No, you___.DD.A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. may notEE.( ) 14. His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.FF.A. has not to B. don’t have to C. haven’t to D. doesn’t have toGG.( ) 15. He had to give up the plan, ___ he?HH.A. did B. didn’t C. does D. doesn’tII.( ) 16. They had to walk here, ___ they?JJ.A. mustn’t B. did C. didn’t D. hadn’tKK.( ) 17. He had better stay here, ___ he?LL.A. didn’t B. don’t C. hadn’t D.isn’tMM.( ) 18. You’d better___late next time.NN.A. not to be B. not be C. won’t be D. don’t be OO.( ) 19. You’d better ___ your hair ___ once a month.PP.A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cuttedQQ.( ) 20. You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.RR.A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better notSS.( ) 21. ---Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?--- .A. Here you areB. Sorry, I can’tC. Yes, pleaseD. Let me try ( ) 22. ---Why don’t you ask Mike to go with us?---Thanks, ___.A. I willB. I won’tC. I canD. I may ( ) 23. ---___ I take the newspaper away?---No, you mustn’t. You____read it only here.A. Must; canB. May; canC. Need; mustD. Must; must ( ) 24. Excuse me,___ you please pass me that cup?A. doB. shouldC. wouldD. must( ) 25. ___ you like to have another try?A. CouldB. WillC. WouldD. Do( ) 26. ---Would you like to go boating with us?---Yes, ___.A. I’d likeB. I wantC. I’d like toD. I do ( ) 27. You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.A. needn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. have to ( ) 28. The poor man needs our help, ___ he?A. needB. doesn’tC. doesD. needn’t ( ) 29. ---Must we do our homework now?---No, you___. You may have a rest first.A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. may notD. can’t( ) 30. Can you speak Japanese? No, I_____A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. may not3、动词不定式、动名词和分词的用法( ) 1. Where is my passport? I remember______it here.You did not left it here. Remember_____it with you all the time.A. to put; to takeB. putting; to takeC. to put; takingD. putting; taking( ) 2. The tourists enjoy________ on the beach.A. lieB. liesC. lyingD. lay( ) 3. Would you like _________to the theatre with me?A. to goB. goingC. goD. be going ( ) 4. They find it _________with animals.A. interesting to playB. interested to playC. interesting playingD. interested playing( ) 5. Would you mind_____quiet for a moment? I’m trying_____a form.A. keeping; to fill outB. keeping; fill outC. to keep; to fill outD. to keep; fill out( ) 6. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble________your handwriting.A. to readB. to seeC. readingD. in seeing( ) 7. The thief took away the woman’s wallet without____ anything.A. sayingB. sayC. saidD. to say( ) 8. Please stop ____, boys, I have something important to ____ you.A. saying; talkB. telling; sayC. talking; speakD. talking; tell( ) 9. What about ____ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly timeto go____ next week.A. buying; to shopB. buy; shoppingC. buying; shoppingD. to buy; shopping( ) 10. After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being appliedB. appliedC. applyingD. apply( ) 11. ---Why were you so late for work today?---____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.A. DrivingB. DrivesC. DriveD. Drove( ) 12. How can you keep the machine ____when you are away?A. runB. to runC. runningD. being run( ) 13. It was impolite of him ____without ____goodbye.A. to leave; sayingB. leaving; to sayC. to leave; to sayD. leaving; saying( ) 14. ---Why was Fred so sad?---He isn’t used ____ alone.A. beB. to beC. to beingD. having been ( ) 15. After finishing his homework he went on______a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. wrote参考答案1、系动词和助动词的用法1. B2. A3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. D9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C2、情态动词的用法1. A2. D3. A4. B5. B6. C7. D8. B9. C 10. A 11. C12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B22. A 23. B 24. C 25.C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. B3、动词不定式、动名词和分词的用法1. B2. C3. A4. A5. A6. C7. A8. D9. C 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C。
动词分为:1. 实义动词(有实在意义的动作,可以单独作谓语):read,say,buy,find......(实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词)2.连系动词(系动词)(本身带有一定的意义,不能独立充当谓语)3. 助动词具体的概念和分类:1.实义动词:指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。
1. He lives quite near.(live“住”,有明确的意义,单独作谓语,为实义动词。
)2. I like reading.(like“喜欢”,意思明确,单独作谓语,为实义动词。
)3. I bought a pen yesterday. ( buy“买”,意义明确,单独作谓语,为实义动词。
)及物动词和不及物动词实义动词后面跟宾语时,这个动词是及物动词。
实义动词后面不跟宾语时,此时这个动词是不及物动词。
①The door opened.(open后面没跟宾语,此时open是不及物动词,)②He opened the door(open 后面有宾语the door,此时open 是及物动词。
)注意:英语中一个动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,关键是看它用在句中时后面是否跟宾语。
A.有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,词义相同The meeting began at six begin.(begin是不及物动词。
)(at six做状语)We began the meeting at six (begin是及物动词,)B.有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,词义不同地The man walked away.(walk不及物动词,意为“走”。
)He walked the dog every day, (walk 是及物动词,“遛”,)C.英语中一些动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,可能与汉语不同He listens to the music every day, (listen为不及物动词,而汉语中“听”是及物动词。
2023届高考一轮复习高考英语动词句型复习讲义英语的几种基本句型1、主语+ 不及物动词:S V2、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语:S V 03、主语+ 系动词+ 表语(主语补足语):S V C4、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(复合宾语):S V O C5、主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(双宾语):S V o O另两种较常用句型:(为了意思上的完整)6、主语+ 及物动词+ 状语:S V A7、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 状语:S V O AExample:1.They laughed.2.We love music.3.They are very happy.4.We call him monkey.5.My father gave me some money.6.The train leaves at six.7.We put the books on the desk.常见常用的动词句型Verb Pattern 1主语+系动词+表语(代词/名词/名词短语)Time is money.The dictionary is mine.Wasting time is a bad habit.You must become the master of time not its servant.Sunday seems to be the best study day for many students.注意:1.用于这一句型的系动词主要有appear, be , become ,feel, look, prove , remain,seem 和sound 等。
2.系动词appear ,seem 和prove 后面可加to be.Verb Pattern 2主语+系动词+表语(形容词/形容词短语)Time is dangerous.One thing is certain.A good plan must be a little flexible.Andersen remained single all his life.The plays and poetry that Andersen wrote were not very good.注意:用于这一句型的系动词主要有appear, be , become ,feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, prove , remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste 和turn等。
2022届高考英语一轮复习课抢救学渣系列1——用13句话轻松搞定词法和句法●英语语法分成词法和句法,词法研究单词的词义和词性。
词性包括实词和虚词。
实词包括名动形副数,虚词包括冠代介感连。
实词中最难的是动词,动词研究谓语动词和非谓语动词。
谓语动词研究时态、语态、语气和主谓一致。
非谓语动词研究三大形式,分别是动词不定式、动名词和分词,分词包括现在分词和过去分词。
●以词构句就形成句法,句法中最简单的句子叫简单句,简单句包含五种结构:主谓、主谓宾、主谓宾宾、主谓宾补、主系表。
把简单句变得更简单就是省略主语和谓语的一些成分,构成省略句。
把简单句主语和谓语适当颠倒一下,就构成倒装句。
倒装句分为完全倒装和不完全倒装句。
●把简单句变得更复杂,就是加上并列连词and/or/but/so 构成并列句;或者加上从属连词,构成主从复合句。
主从复合句包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
其中名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;定语从句包括限制性和非限制性定语从句,也可以分成关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句。
状语从句有9 种,分别是时间、地点、原因、结果、方式、目的、条件、让步、比较。
再加上独立主格结构和强调句型,就是全部的英语语法。
1.英语语法分成词法和句法,词法研究单词的词义和词性。
词性包括实词和虚词。
(1)词法:词形变化(2)句法:单词顺序&衔接成分——中英文最大的不同,就是词形变化、单词顺序和衔接成分!(3)词义:“单词的意思”决定“单词的用法”。
(4)词性:“单词的词性”决定“句中的位置”。
(5)实词:即使不借助虚词,也可以表达意思。
1名词:Xiao Ming 2动词:跑!3形容词:帅!1 1 副词:慢点! 数词:1 个!(6)虚词:如果不结合实词,就无法表达意思。
冠词:a! an! the! 代词:I !my! 介词:in! of !for! 感叹词:Ah! Oh! 连词:if!! because!!2. 实词包括名动形副数,虚词包括冠代介感连。
2022年高考英语知识梳理--实义动词实义动词一、按词汇功能分类一、按词汇功能分类1.不及物动词ache 疼痛apologize 道歉appear 出现arrive 到达come 来cough 咳嗽cry 哭dance 跳舞die 死disappear 消失exist 存在fall 掉flow 流淌go 去happen 发生lie 躺listen 听rise 升起run 跑stay 呆、留sit 坐stand 站succeed 成功swim 游泳2.及物动词accept 接受borrow 借bury 埋cover 覆盖defeat 挫败discover 发现enjoy 喜欢excite 使激动forget 忘记guess 猜测interest 使感兴趣love 热爱please 使高兴put 放raise 提高surprise 使凉讶3.双宾语动词(1)及物动词+sth.to sb.allow 允许award 授予bring 带给hand 交给mail 邮寄offer 提供owe 欠pass 传递pay 付给sell 卖给lend 借给write 写post 邮递read 读给return 归还send 寄给serve 招待show 展示take 拿给teach 教导tell 告诉throw 扔He gave me a picture-book as a present.他给我一本图画书做礼物。
He gave a picture-book to me as a present.I returned him the storybook.我把故事书还给他了。
I returned the storybook to him.(2)及物动词+sth.for sb.book 预定buy 买choose 选择cook 做饭draw 画fetch 去取pick 选择make 制作order 订购get 得到prepare 准备save 节省sing 唱歌steal 偷fix 安装find 找到He bought me a picture-book as a present.他给我买了一本图画书做礼物。
He bought a picture-book for me as a present.I’ve ordered you an air ticket.我已为你预订了一张机票。
I’ve ordered an air ticket for you.【提示】只能用“动词+直宾+to+间宾”结构动词:explain,announce,report,suggest。
The teacher explained the difficult point of grammar to me.老师给我讲解了语法难点。
He announced to her his intention of going.他向她宣布他打算离开。
I reported the theft to the police.我向警方报告了这起盗窃案。
He suggested the plan to Haas.他向哈斯提出那个计划。
4.复合结构动词(1)及物动词+宾语+形容词believe 相信consider 认为cut 切dye 染declare 宣布drive 驱使find 发现force 强迫imagine 想象judge 判断keep 使保持leave 留下make 使push 推paint 漆set 使ou drive me mad when you say that.你讲这话真叫我恼火。
They judged her stupid.他们认为她很蠢。
Please set the bird free.请把鸟放掉吧。
Mr Tomshon declared his story false.汤姆逊先生说他讲的事是假的。
(2)及物动词+宾语+名词call 叫choose 选择consider 认为elect 选举find 找到keep 使make 使变为name 命名wish 祝愿We consider him a strange person.我们认为他是一个奇特的人。
We find him an honest man.我们发现他是个诚实的人。
We elected him chairman of the club.我们选他任俱乐部主席。
【提示】chairman是表示唯一的职务的名词,作宾补时前面不加冠词。
(3)及物动词+宾语+to doadvise 建议allow 允许ask 要求beg 请求encourage 鼓励expect 期望get 使invite 邀请order 命令teach 教tell 告诉warn 警告want 想要wish 希望Mother often tells me to make friends carefully.妈妈经常告诫我交朋友要慎重。
I persuaded him to accept the plan.我说服他接受这个计划。
(4)及物动词+宾语+dolook at 看notice 注意observe 观察see 看见watch 注意看listen to 听hear 听见feel 感觉have 使let 让make 使The pain made him cry out.他痛得叫喊起来。
I have never observed him act like that.我从来没见过他如此表现。
We felt the house shake just now.我们刚才感觉房子晃了一下。
Did you notice anyone take the book away?你看到谁把那本书拿走了吗?(5)及物动词+宾语+to bebelieve 相信consider 认为declare 宣布find 发现imagine 相信judge 判断prove 证明report 报道think 认为deny 否认discover 发觉feel 感觉guess 猜测know 知道suppose 架设understand 理解They all believe the story to be true.他们都相信这篇报道是真实的。
He declared the story to be false.他断言这篇报道是假的。
Imagine yourself to be in his place.设想你自己处于他的地位,那又会怎么样呢?We judged the distance to be about four miles.我们估计距离大约是4 英里。
(6)及物动词+宾语+doingbring 引起catch 碰上discover 发现feel 感觉get 使(动起来)have 让(一直)hear 听见keep 使(一直)leave 听任find 发觉start 使(引起)watch 观察set 使(引起)notice 注意到observe 观察see 看见send 使(突然)Her cries brought the neighbors running.她的哭喊声引得邻居们都跑来了。
The teacher caught the boy cheating.那孩子在作弊的时候被老师发现了。
I discovered him living next to me.我发现他就住在我的隔壁。
He felt himself getting younger and younger.他感到自己越活越年轻了。
His words got us thinking.他的话使我们思索起来。
His behaviour set people talking.他的行动引起了人们的议论。
The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们非常高兴。
He left me waiting outside in the rain.他让我站在雨里等候。
His criticism started me thinking seriously.他的批评引起我认真思考。
(7)及物动词+宾语+donefind 发现feel 感觉get 使have 使hear 听见make 使see 看见think 认为watch 注意看I couldn’t make myself heard by all the listeners.我不能使所有听众都能听见我。
He found himself surrounded by a group of children.他发现自己被一群孩子包围了。
(8)及物动词+宾语+副词ask 叫、让drive 驱使find 发现get 使invite 邀请let 让see 看见shut 关闭show 领Can I ask Bob in?我可以让鲍勃进来吗?Show the visitor in,please.请把客人带进来。
They fought bravely to drive the enemy out.他们勇敢地战斗把敌人赶出去。
(9)及物动词+宾语+介词短语discover 发现feel 感觉find 发现get 使have 使hear 听见keep 保持make 使notice 注意到see 看见Don’t have children at home all day.Give them time to play outdoors.不要让孩子老呆在家里。
给他们外出玩耍的时间。
She discovered the cat under the table.她发现那只猫在桌子下。
Keep these books on the shelf and take them when necessary.把所有的书放在书架上,用时随时拿。
5.常用被动句式的实义动词be accustomed to 使习惯于be adapted to 适应于be addicted in 沉溺于be applied to 应用于be devoted to 致力于be dressed in 穿着be engaged in 从事于be engaged to 同……订婚be hidden in/among 藏身于be lost in 入迷be occupied with 从事be prepared for 准备be seated in (on)就座be stationed round 驻扎在……周围He was hidden among the trees.他躲藏在树林里。
Powerful troops were stationed round the capital.首都周围驻扎着强大的部队。