高考英语一轮复习语法部分汇编精讲精练学案动词和动词短语

高考英语一轮复习语法篇动词与动词词组金学案新人教版1．动词是英语词汇的核心，近几年高考对动词的考查较多，尤其是动词词义和用法区别更是命题的热点。

短语动词是近几年高考考查的热点之一，它不仅考查动词和介词、副词的正确搭配，而且更注重语境及具体用法的考查。

其命题点主要体现在：(1)根据语境选用合适的动词或短语动词。

既考查动词词义和短语搭配，又考查其时态、语态的正确运用。

(2)动词所带宾语的结构，即双宾语、宾语补足语的正确形式的考查。

2．注重词组与词组之间的横向比较，高考突出对词组在具体的语言环境中意义选择的测试，有时也考查词组的语态。

试题中出现的词组不会超出《考纲》中所列出的内容，但应注意拓宽纲内词组意义，如call for不仅要掌握“要求”之意，还要熟悉它的“去接”之意；give in不仅掌握它的“屈服”之意，还要掌握它的“上交”之意等。

同学们重点掌握由have，take，get，go，turn，make，put，come，cut，work等活用动词构成的短语。

在词汇运用方面，我们应着重培养判断某个词在特定语言环境中的词义的能力，区别意义相近或相同的词在特定的语言环境中的细微差别的能力，辨别形似义异的词的能力等。

同时还应掌握各类词组的正确搭配，所谓“地道的英语”和“不地道的英语”，很大程度上取决于其词的搭配是否合乎英语的惯用法，如belong to，keep up with，make friends with等，其重点、难度主要在于以下几个方面：一、有些动词(短语)词义相近，但用法有异英语中的词汇极其丰富，同一意思可以有多个不同的单词去表达，但它们又有着细微的差异，用法或搭配上有所不同；而同一单词又可以表达各种不同的意思。

这就给中国学生在理解和使用上带来困难，如：spend，cost，take，pay都可表“花费”，但其用法各不相同；take作“花费”讲，只用于It takes sb.some time to do句型中；而pay只指花费金钱。

高考总复习英语一轮复习学案高中英语常用短语及句型归纳一、高考高频动词短语（1）act短语：act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病例如：I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。

)The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break短语：break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入break into …闯入……，破门而入break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开例如:The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down soon er or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3）bring短语：bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along 把……带来，领来bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降/上涨]bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出bring to 使苏醒bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）bring up 抚养，培养，哺育例如：A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.You’re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4）call短语：call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）]call back 回电话call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话call off 取消call on / upon 号召call out 大声呼喊，叫喊call sb…for short 简称某人……call sb names 谩骂某人call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召例如：We called at Mike’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little girl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow; my number is 536291.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5）come短语：come about 发生，产生come across 偶然相遇come along 来，随同，进展，加油come at …向……袭击come back 回来，想起来，复活come down 下来，下落，传下come down to…到达，从一处来到另一处come for…来拿，来取come from…来自，出生于come in 进来，进入come into being 形成，产生come into use 使用起来come off 脱落，从……离开come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开come over to…过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方come round / around（非正式）来访，串门come to …来到，出现，提及，达到，共计结果是，苏醒come to an end 结束，终止come to know 逐渐地知道come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来come to light 显露，为人所知come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉come to / into power 当权，上台come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟come to terms with… 甘心忍受come true 变为现实，成为事实come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来come up to sb 朝某人走来ome up with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上例如：A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Your English is coming along really well.Come alo ng / on! Don’t give up yet!Come along / on! We’re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll c ome to me later.The bill came to £480 in total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.（6）cut短语：cut away 切除，剪去cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入cut in line 插队cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）cut out 删除，剪下来cut the cost of … 降低……的成本cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉例如：He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（7）do短语：do about 处理，应付do and don’t 要与不要do a good deed 做一件好事do a lot of walking 走很多路do a test 做实验，做化验do a word puzzle 猜字谜do an experiment / experiments 做实验do away with 废除do body-building 做健身操do chores 处理琐事，干家务do housework 做家务活do make-up 化妆，打扮do observations 观察do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 做作业do research on… 从事……研究工作do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事do telephone interviews 进行电话采访do the laundry 洗衣服do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头do up the button 扣纽扣do well / better in…在……方面干得好/更好do with 处理，处臵，对付do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）例如：To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found?The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt s aid, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8）get短语：get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足get at 意指，本意是get around = get about 四处走动，活动get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离get away from 逃脱，逃离get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还get close to 接近get down 下来，降下get down on one’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话get into…进入……get sb into…使某人陷入get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）get on 上车，过活get on / along with…进展，与……相处get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来get out 离开，出去get out of 逃避，避免get over 克服，恢复，原谅get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）get to 到达，抵达get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领get ready for 为……做准备（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为…做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉get sb to do 让某人做get the idea for… 想到……的主意get the message across 传播信息get together 相聚，碰头，联欢get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……（比较：be used as sth 被用作…… be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……be used to do sth 被用于做… used to do sth 过去常常做）get / be dressed 穿衣服get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚get / be lost 丢失了，迷路get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）例如：I’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English?He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside?Have you got back the book you lent him?“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It’s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.We d idn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（9）give短语：give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发give back 归还，送回give in 投降，让步，屈服give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放give over = hand over 转交，移交give up 放弃，辞去give a concert 开音乐会give a description of… 描述……give / make a speech 演讲，讲话give a talk 演讲，做报告give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成give close attention to 密切关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告例如：In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading?If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go短语：go abroad 出国go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go / walk around 四处走走go away 走开，离去go back 回去go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去go down 下来，落下，倒下go down on one’s knees 跪下go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks 散步go for sb 对某人也一样go in for 参加，喜欢go into 详细调查go into details 细说go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）go on 发生，进行，继续go / be on diet 在节食go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 继续某事]go out 熄灭，出去，外出go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅go past 从……的旁边过去go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登go with… 与……相配go without 忍受没有…之苦，没有…也行，没有…也能勉强应付go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰go straight along 沿着……一直往前走go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查 go through with 完成go to bed （上床）睡觉go to school / work 上学/上班go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入睡go to town 进城go to a movie 去看电影go to the country(side) 下乡go home / there 回家/去那儿go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生go bad 变坏go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用例如：No one dared to go against the rules.—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?—No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.（11）have短语：have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话/have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]have a gift for… 对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for… 有……名誉/名声）have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快have a goo d knowledge of … 对……很熟悉，通晓……have a good laugh over…对…笑了个够have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun玩得很高兴，过得愉快have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的习惯（比较：get into / form the habit of… 养成……的习惯get sb into the habit of… 使某人养成……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时have a large population 人口众多have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快have (got ) a pain (in the…) （身体某部位）痛have a part-time job 做兼职工作have a (good) rest 休息have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食have a swim 游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测验have a try 试一试have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或爱好have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定have an effect on / upon… 对……有影响，对……产生作用（比较：influence… = affect … 对……有影响have no effect / influence on … 对……没有影响have a good / bad effect on … 对……有好/坏影响have a great / little effect on … 对……有很大的影响/影响不大have a strong influenc e on… 对……有很大影响）have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光have an income of … 有……的收入have access to … 使用（接近……的）权利或机会have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have lessons / classes 上课have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事have none of … 根本不理睬……have on 穿着have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困难/麻烦事[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]have something / nothing in common (with…) （与……）有共同点／没有共同之处（比较：have much / a lot in common with… 与……有许多相同之处have little in common with… 与……几乎没有相同之处）have something / nothing to do with … 与……有关／无关have to = have got to 不得不，必须例如：Class is over. Let’s have a break.I’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week?Here is a tree. Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swim？We’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at home？Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’t had any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.（12）hold短语：hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气hold on 等一等，不要挂电话hold on to 抓住，保住hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞hold together 连在一起，团结一致例如：Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.Sorry, I’m late. I was held up at work.（13）keep短语：keep away from 避开，别靠近keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下keep down 控制keep off 勿踏，勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep on 继续进行keep out 不得入内keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of …不进入……keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落keep up with… = catch up with…跟上，赶上keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食keep a record / records 保持记录keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit 保持健康keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember…把……记住keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言keep safe 保持安全keep silent over …对……保持沉默keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒，站岗例如：I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger! Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out?It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”（14）knock短语：knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down 把……撞倒，击倒knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻，撞倒例如：We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.（15）look短语：look at 看着，注视，检查look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子look after 照顾，照料，照看look ahead 向前看，展望未来look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去look back on…回顾……，回忆……look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找，找look in 来访，参观look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着look like… 看起来像…… （比较：look the same 看起来像）look on 旁观，观望look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防look out for 警惕，留心，找出来look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）look / be worried 看上去/感到担心例如：The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us. Don’t just look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out! There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16）make短语：make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]make out 理解，看清楚make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成make up for 弥补，补充，补偿mad e up one’s mind 下决心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺，保证make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论make a (great) contribution to… 为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款make a decision 做出决定make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响make a face / faces 扮鬼脸make a fire 生火make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音make a note / no tes of… 记录，做笔记，记下来make a plan (for… ) （为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要make a promise 承诺make a record 录制唱片，做记录（比较：record a song 录一首歌set a world record 创造世界记录）make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议make a telephone call 打电话make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行make conversation 交谈make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑make it（事业上）获得成功make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄make mistake about… 犯了……错误make / earn money 挣钱make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make oneself known 使/让自己出名make one’s way to… 往……走去make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通make sense of… 弄懂……的意思make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做make sure 确保，确认，查明make the adjustment to… 适应……make the / one’s bed 整理床铺make (full) use of …= make the most / best of … (充分)利用例如：Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17）pass短语：pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）pass by 通过，从旁边经过pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来pass out 失去知觉，昏厥pass through 穿过，越过pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass the examination 通过考试例如：Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18）pay短语：pay attention to … 对…注意，留心… pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for …付高价）pay off 还清（欠款）pay sb a visit 拜访某人pay the bill 买单，付帐单例如：He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19）pick短语：pick out 挑选，认出pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）例如：His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I’ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20）put短语：put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下put forward 提出，建议，推荐put off 延期，拖延put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴put on a performance 演出put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立put up with 忍受，容忍put into 使进入，输入，投入put／translat e…into 把……译成put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱put …to use 使用……，运用……put a date to sth 注明日期（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期to date 到目前为止）put an end to … 结束……put …together 把……放在一起例如：We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21）send短语：send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来send in 寄送某处进行处理send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）send up 发射，射出，往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉send signals by … 通过……发送信号例如：Get back into bed. I’ll send for the doctor.The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22）set短语：set about (doing) sth 着手，开始set aside 留出，搁/放在一边set down 放下，记下set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）set out to do 开始做，着手做set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起set /give a (good) example to… 为……树立（好）榜样set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧set foot on / in… 踏上……，到达，进入set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做set sail for 起航去…… set sail from 从……起航set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样set sb free 释放某人，解放某人例如：As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23）stand短语：stan d by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人stand out 突出，显眼stand up 起立，站起来stand still = stay still 站着不动例如：CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24）take短语：take after 与某人相像take along 带领，携带take … apart = separate … 把……分开take away 拿走，拿去，使离开take away from… 从……带／拿走take back 退回，拿回，收回take down 拿下，记下，记录take for…当作……，误以为是……take in 吸收，接纳，上当take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销take on 呈现take out 拿出，取出take over 继承，接管，接替take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款take a bath 洗澡take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have a degree in … 取得……学位take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信take a photo (of …) （给……）照相，拍（……）照片take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 沐浴，洗澡take a sip 呡一小口take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假take (an) interest in … 对……感兴趣（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣/have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）take advantage of 对……加以利用take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料take care 小心, 注意take care of 照顾，照看take effect 生效，奏效take exercise 运动，活动take … for example 以……为例take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）take lessons 上课take notes 做笔记，做记录take notice of 注意take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：take time 花费（时间）]take part 参加（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in… 参加……take an active part in… 积极参加……）take place 发生，出现，举行[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）] take pride in …= be proud of… 对……感到自豪take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 对……负起责任take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）take sb seriously 看重某人take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温take sth along with sb 随身携带某物take shelter 躲避take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事例如：I’m sorry. I’ll take back what I said.Take care! The car is coming.My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.We can’t have such a big table in this small room. It takes up too much room.（25）think短语：think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法think out 想出think over 仔细考虑think through…思考……直到得出结论think up 提出，想出，设计出think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对…高度评价例如：I’m sorry. I can’t think out your name.When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.Think it over, and you’ll find a way.（26）turn短语：turn against 转而反对，背叛turn around / round 转身，转过来turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走。

对动词词义、动词短语的辨析以及动词搭配的考查一直是高考的热点。

因此在一轮的复习中要注重对动词及短语的含义及引申义进行归纳总结；突出对其在具体的语境中意义选择的把握。

一、常考的十类动词及词组1．连系动词特点：后面常接形容词或名词，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。

连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：(1) 变化类，表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall, come等。

(2) 感官类，表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look，sound等。

(3) 状态类，表事物所处的状态，如keep, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。

(4) 外表特征类，表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。

2．感官动词和使役动词常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。

感官动词的主要考点是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作补足语，表达不同的含义。

常考的使役动词有make, have, keep等。

使役动词的主要考点是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作补足语，表达不同的含义。

如：He looked around and caught a man __________ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A．put B．to be putting C．to put D．putting【解析】 D catch sb doing sth“发现、发觉某人做某事”，doing sth为现在分词短语作宾语补足语。

可接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词还有：feel, hear, have, get, see, watch, notice, observe, find, keep, leave等。

3．不用被动语态的动词及动词短语英语中有些动词及短语可用其主动形式表达被动含义。

高考英语动词及动词短语精讲教案一、教学目标：1. 让学生掌握高考常见的动词及其词义、搭配和用法。

2. 提高学生对动词短语的识别和运用能力。

3. 培养学生运用所学知识进行口语表达和写作的能力。

二、教学内容：1. 动词的分类及用法2. 动词短语的识别和运用3. 动词与介词、副词的搭配4. 动词的时态和语态5. 动词及动词短语在句中的位置和功能三、教学重点与难点：1. 重点：动词的分类、用法，动词短语的识别和运用。

2. 难点：动词与介词、副词的搭配，动词的时态和语态。

四、教学方法：1. 任务型教学法：通过完成各种任务，让学生在实践中学习和运用动词及动词短语。

2. 互动式教学法：引导学生进行小组讨论和合作，提高学生的口语表达和交流能力。

3. 案例分析法：通过分析典型例句，让学生掌握动词及动词短语的用法。

五、教学步骤：1. 引入：通过提问方式引导学生回顾已学过的动词及其用法。

2. 新课导入：介绍本节课要学习的动词及其词义、搭配和用法。

3. 讲解与练习：讲解动词与介词、副词的搭配，动词的时态和语态。

通过练习题让学生巩固所学知识。

4. 动词短语的学习：介绍本节课要学习的动词短语，讲解其意义和用法。

5. 小组讨论：让学生分组讨论如何运用所学知识进行口语表达和写作。

6. 案例分析：分析典型例句，让学生掌握动词及动词短语的用法。

7. 课堂小结：总结本节课所学内容，强调重点和难点。

8. 作业布置：布置相关练习题，巩固所学知识。

9. 课后反思：教师反思教学效果，针对学生的掌握情况调整教学策略。

10. 课后辅导：针对学生的疑问进行个别辅导，提高学生的学习效果。

六、教学评价：1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的参与情况，是否积极回答问题、参与讨论。

2. 练习完成情况：检查学生完成练习的情况，包括正确率和完成时间。

3. 小组讨论：评价学生在小组讨论中的表现，包括口语表达和合作能力。

4. 课后作业：检查学生完成课后作业的情况，包括正确率和完成时间。

高考英语动词及动词短语精讲教案一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握高考常见的动词及其用法。

2. 让学生熟练运用动词短语表达意思。

3. 提高学生英语动词及动词短语的听说读写能力。

二、教学内容1. 动词的时态与语态。

2. 常见动词短语的用法。

3. 动词及动词短语在特定情境下的运用。

三、教学重点与难点1. 重点：动词的时态与语态，常见动词短语的用法。

2. 难点：动词及动词短语在不同情境下的运用。

四、教学方法1. 采用任务型教学法，让学生在实际操作中掌握动词及动词短语的用法。

2. 运用情境教学法，创设真实情境，让学生在实践中学会运用动词及动词短语。

3. 采用分组讨论法，引导学生相互交流、合作，提高口语表达能力。

五、教学步骤1. 引入：通过展示图片或视频，引出本课的主题，激发学生兴趣。

2. 讲解：讲解动词的时态与语态，举例说明常见动词短语的用法。

3. 练习：设计不同情境，让学生运用所学动词及动词短语进行练习。

4. 小组讨论：学生分组讨论，运用动词及动词短语编写对话或短文。

5. 展示：各小组展示讨论成果，其他学生进行评价、交流。

7. 作业：布置相关练习题，巩固所学知识。

六、教学评价1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的积极参与情况，包括回答问题、讨论和展示等。

2. 作业完成情况：检查学生完成的练习题和作业，评估其对动词及动词短语的掌握程度。

3. 口语表达能力：评估学生在小组讨论和展示中的口语表达能力，以及他们在实际情境中运用动词及动词短语的能力。

七、教学延伸1. 进行拓展练习，如动词及动词短语的填空题、改错题等，以加深学生对知识点的理解。

2. 组织英语角活动，让学生在实际交流中运用所学动词及动词短语，提高口语水平。

3. 鼓励学生阅读英语文章，积累更多的动词及动词短语，扩大词汇量。

八、教学反思在课后，教师应反思本节课的教学效果，包括学生的参与度、教学内容的难易程度、教学方法的选择等。

根据反思结果，调整教学策略，以提高后续教学的效果。

高考英语热点名师调研动词和动词短语动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。

设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。

主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。

根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类（一）实义动词1.按性质分实义动词又分成及物动词和不及物动词，表示动作或状态，在句中独立做谓语。

及物动词后须跟宾语；不及物动词不跟宾语。

例：—What did you think of her speech?—She _______for one hour but didn't ________ much.A. spoke; speakB. spoke; sayC. said; speakD. said; say注意：英语里及物动词和不及物动词不是截然分开的，有的动词既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词。

It is important for you to learn how to learn.第一个learn是及物动词，后面有宾语how to learn；第二个learn是不及物动词。

不及物动词向及物动词转化需要借助于介词、副词等构成短语动词。

He is working hard at English.2.按时限分实义动词又分成延续性动词和非延续性动词（短暂性动词）延续性动词动作可以延续，可以与一段时间连用。

如：live, study, work, stay, keep, have等。

非延续性动词（短暂性动词）动作瞬间完成，不能与一段时间连用。

如：finish, come, open, bring, buy 等。

例：The evening news comes on at seven o' clock and ________ only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. continuesC. finishesD. lasts【解析】答案为D。

专题四动词和动词短语一、动词英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。

实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语。

实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。

In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour.Brian told you that there wasn't anyone in the room at that time, didn't he?In order to make our city green, we must plant more trees.二、动词短语英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。

Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.In order to catch up with the advanced countries, we must keep learning.动词在句中作谓语或谓语的一部分时，其形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。

高考对动词和动词词组的考查主要在以下几个方面。

1．对不及物动词的考查不及物动词本身意思完整，不需要跟宾语，也没有被动语态。

You are supposed to arrive on time.We went to Canada to travel and my cousin acted as our guide.2．对及物动词的考查及物动词本身意思不完整，后面需要接宾语。

In our childhood, we were often reminded by parents to pay parents to study hard.—Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?—Oh, really! I haven't checked my mailbox yet.3．对连系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义，但不完全，不能独立充当谓语，必须和作表语的词(名词、形容词等)连用。

►第06讲动词和动词短语（讲义）【复习目标】掌握高频动词+介词/副词结构掌握动词+名词短语掌握其他常考动词短语掌握高频动词为主体构成的短语掌握常考不及物动词和系动词掌握延续性动词与费延续性动词的转换【考情分析】近年高考真题动词（短语）考点细目表近五年动词（短语）题型命题规律高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要集中在动词和动词短语的辨析，尤其是在特定语境中的应用，动词和动词短语的熟词生义等。

动词词义辨析题主要考查结合语境区分动词词义的能力，在平时的学习中应当掌握常用动词的基本意义，注意一词多义和熟词生义；养成推敲句子的含义以及对语境理解的习惯。

对动词和动词短语的考查常出现在高考试题中的完形填空、语法填空，和书面表达中。

在语篇型填空中，给出动词，要求考生在设空出填出与之搭配的介词或者副词。

预计2024年的高考动词和动词短语考查语境复杂化和综合化的特点。

【网络构建】考向一高频动词+介词/副词使用频率较高的动词有：break, bring, call, cut, come, go, get, have, keep, look, put, set, turn, pay, pick, make;使用频率较高的介词或副词：away, for, in, off, out, on, over, up等。

No. 1 动词+介词这类动词短语相当于及物动词，其后必修有宾语，且介词与动词不能分开，宾语只能放在介词之后，如：account for解释，说明，占比adjust to调整，适应all for要求add to增加，break into破门而入ask for索取，寻找care about 关心，在乎come across偶然遇到go for努力获取deal with处理get over克服hope for希望，期待get into养成（习惯）rely on依靠，依赖pay for偿还，赔偿answer for负责provide for供给plan for打算，为……计划send for派人去请fall behind落在......后面laugh at嘲笑feel like想要refer to提到，参考stick to坚持No. 2 动词+awaythrow away扔掉put away把……收拾好give away捐赠，分发carry away运走run away潜逃，跑开go away 走开send for派人去请No. 3 动词+ontry on试穿，试验put on穿上，上演have on穿着，戴着pull on穿，戴hold on不挂断，坚持，继续carry on继续开展，坚持keep on继续go on继续get on上（车）No. 4 动词+overcome over过来hand over移交go over仔细检查，复习get over克服，恢复look over检查think over仔细考虑take over接受，接管hand over移交turn over翻转No. 5 动词+upbring up抚育，培养call up召唤，打电话给come up走上前来，长出cut up切碎fix up修理give up放弃；go up上升，增长grow up 长大look up尊敬，向上看，查寻make up虚构，弥补，组成put up举起，搭建set up建立，创（纪录）pick up捡起，（开车）接某人，偶然得到send up发射show up揭露，露面turn up出现，把……调高一点No. 6 动词+outcome out出来go out出去，熄灭look out留神，当心walk out走出set out出发，开始put out扑灭，生产give out发出，发表hand out分发pick out挑选find out找出，发现speak out大声地说turn out生产，结果是get out出去，离开carry out实行，执行work out计算出，解决，实行，行得通bring out出版start out出发，动身。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校语法专题十四动词和动词短语英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。

实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语，实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。

英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。

高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。

主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。

考点一常用动词辨析1．advise，persuade，suggestadvise用作及物动词，表示“劝告，忠告，建议”，强调提醒或引起注意；persuade表示“说服”，强调劝说成功，主要搭配是：persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事（相当于persuade sb.into doing sth.）；如表示劝说但不一定成功，则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。

suggest用作及物动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句，从句中的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

2．bring，take，carry，fetchbring“带来，拿来，取来”，强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。

take“拿走，带走”，强调把人或物从说话者身边带走，方向与bring 相反。

fetch“去拿来，去取来”，强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后，又回到甲地，相当于go and bring。

carry“携带，搬运，运送”，强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。

3．win，beat，defeatwin表示“赢得，战胜”时，宾语多是比赛项目等。

win sb.则指“赢得人心”。

beat/defeat意为“打败，击败”，其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。

如：beat sb.打败某人；defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。

语法填空核心考点知识梳理语法填空命题严谨科学，规律性强，是高考英语试卷中最容易得分的部分，也是我们在平时学习时最容易突破的部分。

现总结语法填空核心考点，帮助同学们夯实语法基础，理顺答题思路。

第一部分有提示词（名代动形数）一、名词★考点1：名词变复数★1.转换为形容词(1)n.＋-ablehonor→honorable 可敬的(2)n.＋-alnature→natural 自然的；天生的music→musical 音乐的；悦耳的(3)n.＋-fulcolour→colourful 颜色鲜艳的meaning→meaningful有意义的(4)n.＋-en：wood→wooden 木质的(5)n.＋-y：wealth→wealthy 富有的2.空前有助动词、情态动词、动词不定式符号to时，转换为动词3.转化为另一个名词【小结】常考名词后缀：1.以-al结尾的名词: arrival到达，approval 批准，proposal 提议，survival 幸存2.以-ure结尾的名词: failure失败，mixture混合，pressure压力，pleasure愉快3.以-age结尾的名词:(1)直接加或去e加-age:package包，盒; postage邮资，邮费; storage贮存; shortage不足，短缺; coverage覆盖范围; percentage 百分比; passage 通道(2)变y为i加-age:marry→marriage婚姻; carry→→carriage 客车厢，运输4.以-er结尾表事物的名词:washer 洗衣机，cutter 刀具，lighter打火机，cooker 炉具，hanger 衣架，container容器，heater 加热器，cooler冷却器，cleaner吸尘器，清洁剂，清洁工5.表示"人"的名词:①加-or，如translator 翻译家①加-ar，如beggar乞丐①加-er，如stranger陌生人①加-ee，如trainee实习生①加-ess，如waitress女服务员①加-ist,journalist记者①加-ian，如civilian平民①加-ant，如assistant 助手①加-( at ) ive，如representative代表6.无规律可循的特殊变形:applaud→applause, believe→belief,choose→choice,enthusiastic→enthusiasm,high→height, proud→ pride, tour → tourism, weigh→ weight,vary→→variety, lose→loss, poor→poverty, behave→behavio(u)r★考点3：名词变所有格（’s）名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

高考英语一轮专题复习一一动词短语、短语动词常见的构成方式及其注意点1.动词+副词所构成的短语动词分及物和不及物两类Please turn_off every light in the house.请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。

（及物）Harry turned__up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。

（不及物）1）如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。

She turned_off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。

2）如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。

She gave them away.她扔掉了它们。

2.动词+介词（及物）rm looking_for my glasses我在找我的眼镜。

注意：不能把介词放在宾语后面。

3.动词+副词+介词I look_forward_to seeing you soon.我盼望不久就见到你。

注意：“动词+介词”、“动词+名词+副词”、“动词 +副词+介词”这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。

In this way both grain and vegetable can be wellloDked_after.（不能漏掉after）这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。

二、常见动词短语1含有同一副词或介词的动词短语1）动词+介词onagree on 达成致call on 拜访；号召concentrate on 集中depend on 取决于；依赖focus on 集中于insist on 坚持keep on (doing sth.) 不停live on 以……为食look on 看待rely on 依赖turn on 打开work on 从事于2）动词+介词toadapt to 适应add to 增加apply to 适应agree to 同意appeal to 呼吁；上诉attend to sb. 照料belong to 属于happen to 发生occur to 被想起学习必备欢迎下载object to 反对refer to 参考；提到；查阅respond to 回答；反应reply to 回答stick to 坚持；粘贴turn to 求助于3）动词+介词with同意开始把……和……连接起来联合交流对付；处理对付处理；交往碰到；遇见开始4）动词+介词account for answer for appeal for apply for apologize for care for call for hope for leave for for解释负责呼吁申请道歉喜欢；照顾要求；需要希望得到动agree with begin with connect…with combine …with communicate with cope with do with deal with meet with start with身前往look for make for pay for prepare for search for stand for send for wait for寻找走向付款；为准备寻找代表派人去请等待5）动词+介词approve of beware of consist of complain of dream of die of hear of talk of know of speak of think of赞成当心；提防由……组成抱怨梦见；梦想死于听说谈论了解谈到想起6）动词+介词believe in consist in result in succeed in arrive in lie in share inin信任在于导致成功到达在于分享；分担付出代价7）动词+副词add upbuild up break up bring up call up dress up eat up get up grow up give up up加起来树立分裂；解散培养；养育打电话打扮；装饰吃完起床长大停止；放弃hurry up holdup keep up look up put up make up set up send up stay up sta nd up take up wake up 赶快举起保持；维持仰望；查寻举起虚构；组成设立发射熬夜站起来占据；开始从事醒来、重点要背诵的短语动词1以a开头的动词为中心的词组accuse，• of…(=charge…with) 控告/指控某人犯有.. 罪add to增添add up加起来add up to加起来达... ，合计达...adapt- to使.... 适应adjust…to使 .. 适应agree with同意某人的意见；适应；与 .. 一致agree to (one's plan/proposal)同意某人的计划或提议answer for 对.. 负责apply for申请，请求appeal for恳求，呼吁attach…to…将... 系在... ，使隶属/附属于.....approve of 赞成apologize to sb. for sth因 .. 向某人道歉be absorbed in埋头于.. ，专心于 ...be accustomed to # get used to= be used to 习惯于be addicted to沉迷于/沉溺于 ...，迷恋...be admitted to/into获准进入... ，被 ... 录取be annoyed with sb.at/about sth因. 对某人生气2.以break为中心的词组break away from 脱离，逃离break down vt.破坏，粉碎，瓦解；vi.出故障，抛锚；衰弱break in闯进，打断break into闯入；强行进入break out爆发，发生break through突破，克服，挤过去break upvt.开垦，破碎；解散，分解；vi.结束3.以build为中心的词组build on/upon建立在 ... 上，依赖，指望build up增加，增进，建成，振兴4.以burst为中心的词组burst in闯进，突然出现burst into闯进，突然... 起来，突然发出burst into tears/laughter号啕大哭/放声大笑burst out迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊burst out crying/laughing号啕大哭/放声大笑5.以bring为中心的词组bring about导致，引起，促使bring…back带回，使回忆，使恢复bring forward 提出bring…into action 使行动起来，使生效bring …into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，bring…to mind 使想起，回忆起bring up抚养，养育，培养，使停止6.以call为中心的词组call at访问（某地）call for需要，要求call off取消，下令停止call on拜访（某人），号召call out大声喊，唤起call up打电话给.... ；召集；使想起7.以carry为中心的词组carry about随身携带carry away 冲走，带走，冲昏某人头脑carry on坚持，继续，进行carry out贯彻，执行，实施，完成8.以catch为中心的词组be caught in the rai n 淋雨be caught in the traffic 遭遇交通阻塞catch sight of 发现，瞥见9.以clear为中心的词组clear away扫除，消除clear up （天）变晴；打扫10.以come为中心的词组come about 发生come across偶尔发现，想起come back回来；恢复，复原come into being发生，产生，出现，形成come into power开始执政，当权，当选come to苏醒，复原，共计，达到，说到/提及到come to a conclusion 得出结论come to an enc终止，结束when it comes to… 就 ... 而论，谈至Ucome to life苏醒，栩栩如生come to oneself苏醒come true实现，成为现实come up走近；流行起来；发芽；（问题）被提出11.以compare为中心的词组compare…to… 把... 比作，把... 与 ... 相比compare…with… 扌巴.与... 相比12.以devote为中心的词组be devoted to贡献给，致力于devote one's attention to 专心于devote oneself/one's life to 献身于，致力于devote…to 献身于，专心于13.以divide为中心的词组be divided by ••被... 除divide…into…把 .... 分成14.以die为中心的词组die away渐熄（减弱，消失）（尤其指声音、光、风） die down 渐渐消失，平息（尤其指火势、大海、脾气） die of死于（疾病、饥饿、寒冷、情感等内因）die from死于（灾害、事故等外因）die out灭绝，消失，熄灭15.以do为中心的词组do away with去掉，废除do damage to 损害do good to （= do sb.good）有益于do sb.a favor/do a favor for sb帮助某人do up捆，扌L,系，扣do with忍受，处理（常与what连用）16.以drive为中心的词组drive sb.mad使某人发疯仃.以fall为中心的词组fall behind落后，落伍，落在后面fall down倒下，落下，掉下，病倒fall in love with … 爱上（某人）fall into a habit of 养成... 习惯fall into ruins 成为废墟18.以fix为中心的词组fix up修理，安装fix one's eyes on/upon 注视，凝视佃.以get为中心的词组get accustomed tc习惯于，对 .. 习以为常get along with 与... 相处get back取回，回来；报复get close to 接近，靠近get down to认真对待，静下心来get in touch with…与 .. 取得联系get off脱下（衣服）;下车get rid of除去，去掉；免除，摆脱get through拨通，到达，完成，通过；及格20.以give为中心的词组give away赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发give back 归还give in屈服，让步，投降give off发出（烟，气味）vi.用完give out vt.分发，公布，发出，使筋疲力尽give up放弃；停止21.以go为中心的词组go ahead前进，进展，继续go by经过，过去go in for 喜欢go on继续，接下去go on to do接着做（另一件事）go on doing继续做（同一件事）go on with…继续go out出去，熄灭go over温习，检查go through审查，履行，通过，经历，忍受go up上升，上涨go without无需，没有也行22.以hold为中心的词组hold back隐瞒，阻止，克制，扣留hold out伸出，提出，支持，主张hold up举起，竖起，支持，使停滞23.以keep为中心的词组keep away (from)不接近，避开，远离keep back阻止，扣留，隐瞒keep—from…阻止keep in mind 记住keep off不接近，远离keep on doing继续，不停地做keep—out使不入内keep up保持，维持keep up with…赶上，跟上，与... 并肩前进24.以lay为中心的词组lay aside把 .. 放在一边，抛弃，贮藏lay down放下，使躺下25.以leave为中心的词组leave…alone 听任，任其自然leave behind 留下，忘记携带leave for (离开某地)去某地leave out省去，遗漏，不把 .. 计算在内leave sth. to/with sb把.. 交给/留给某人26.以look为中心的词组look about/around/round 四下环顾；查看look after照顾，看管look back on/upon …回顾look down on/upon 俯视；轻视look forward to 盼望，期待look into窥视；调查look on/upon…as…把 .. 看作look out向外看；注意；当心，提防look over从上面看过去；检查，忽略look through透过看去；看穿；浏览look up查阅，仰视look up to仰望，尊敬27.以make为中心的词组be made from 由.. 原料制成be made (out) of由.. 材料制成be made up of 由 . 组成make for向.... 前进make oneself at home随便，别拘束make out填写；开支票；理解；辨认make up弥补，起草，编造，化装make way for为........ 让路，让路于28.以meet为中心的词组meet with偶然碰见，遭受meet •• by chance/accident偶然碰见29.以owe为中心的词组owe…to…把……归功于，把……归因于owe it to --that—归功于，幸亏owe sb.sth.（= owe sth.to sb.欠某人..30.以pass为中心的词组pass away去世，（时间）过去pass by经过，（时间）过去pass on/upon传递，通过31 .以pick为中心的词组pick out挑出，辨别出pick up接（某人）,接收，捡起，学会32 .以put为中心的词组put aside把 .. 放在一边；搁置put away把 .. 放好，把.... 收拾起来；储藏put back把... 放回原处；拨回put down 放下；镇压；记下put forward 提出；建议put…into把 .. 放入；插入；翻译成put…into use 应用put off推迟，延期；脱下put on上演，穿上，戴上put out熄灭，伸出put through完成，（电话用语）拨通，使穿过put up举起；推荐；建立；张贴put up with 忍受，容忍33.以refer为中心的词组refer to指，提及，参考，查阅refer to…as… 把称作，认为.............. 是•…34.以see为中心的词组see off送行see through看透，识破，支持（某人）到底see to照顾，处理，注意see to it that ••照料，努力使，注意把35.以send为中心的词组send for派人去叫/请/拿send off发出，寄出，解雇，送别send out发出，散发，长出(树叶等) send up发射，使上升，向上传递36.以set为中心的词组be set in以... 为背景set about(doing)着手，开始set aside取消，放在一边set down放下，卸下，登记，记载set fire to (= set- on fire)放火烧毁set free释放(某人)set off vi.出发vt.使爆炸set outvi.出发vt.开始，着手(to do),布置set up建立，设立，开办37.以take为中心的词组take away拿走，减去；夺去take back收回，取消take sb.by surprise 使惊讶take down取下，记下，占领，拆毁take …for example 以... 为例take…for granted认为... 理所当然take in吸收，接纳，欺骗，轻信，领会take …into account/consideration 考虑take off vt.脱去，除去；vi.起飞，起程，成功，成名take out 拿出，取出，去除take over接管，接任，接收take…seriously/calmly严肃认真/冷静从容地对待38.以think为中心的词组think about 考虑think highly/well/much/a lot of 对 ... 评价很高think little/ill/nothing of 轻视，看不起think of想，想着，想做think of…as… 把.... 看作 ...think over仔细考虑think to oneself沉思，暗自想学习必备欢迎下载39.以turn为中心的词组turn away把... 打发走，解雇turn down折叠，翻下，拒绝；调小turn into 走进；变成，变为turn to …for help 求助于turn off 关上turn on打开turn out to be原来是，证明是，结果是turn (a)round旋转，转过身来，改变意见turn upside down颠倒过来，翻过来turn up 出现；上扬；调大40.以watch为中心的词组watch out (for)当心，监视，注意，提防watch over查看，监视，看守。