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第13章例1：The book is a reflection of the Chinese society of my father’s time.这本书反映了我父亲那个时代的中国社会。
Today, we are still stirred by the sight of each flower and tree in the courtyard今天，我们看到院子里的一花一木和他用过的每一件东西，仍很激动。
The sight and sound of our jet planes看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。
例4：Expansion in business involves expenditure. 发展商务拉动消费。
例1．He gave a vivid description of the battle.他生动地描述了这场战斗。
例2．Mr. Pickwick was the impersonation of kindness and humanity.【译文】匹克威克先生表现了他的友善与仁慈。
例3．She is a lover of Italian painting.她喜欢意大利画。
例4．There were various possible players for the role.可能有好几个人要扮演这个角色。
例1:I was delighted at the thought of seeing you again.一想起又能见到你，我十分高兴。
Mastery of a language requires painstaking effort 学好语言非下苦功不可例3: An acquaintance of world history is helpful 掌握一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的例4：The study of behavior of every kind is a 研究每种行为就是研究对周围环境和事件所产生的各种反应。
连淑能《英译汉教程》TranslationofLongSentences（长句译法）【圣才出品】第13章Translation of Long Sentences（长句译法）13.1 复习笔记Translating long English sentences involves not only a mixed application of various techniques but also a careful analysis of their grammatical structures and logical sequences.英语长句的翻译不仅涉及复杂的翻译技巧，还要求对其句法结构和逻辑顺序进⾏细致的分析。
⼀、Features of Long English Sentences（英语长句的特点）English speakers build up long sentences in an “architectural style”. They pay more attention to construct “spatial structure”, often regardless of temporal sequences. It seems to us Chinese that they build basic structures in five patterns, namely, S + V, S + V + P, S + V + O, S + V + o + O, and S + V + O + C as mainstays, with words, phrases, or clauses as members of sentences, then join directly or indirectly, various kinds of nexuses composed of words ,phrases, or clauses as modifiers ,to the mainstays of the basic structures. Here, among other things, English inflection and function words play important roles in connecting various parts grammatically and in showing their relations logically.英语长句是按照“楼房建筑法”组织起来的：主⼲是五种句⼦结构，即主＋谓，主＋系＋表，主＋谓＋宾，主＋谓＋宾＋宾，主＋谓＋宾＋补；枝叶是由词语、词组、从句等组成的各种各样的关系。
定语从句译法（一）译成前置定语（二）后置并列分句（三）溶合译法（四）译成状语●The traders wanted safe access to large quantities of Oriental spices,which the European world had come to like, and which people needed for presenting food in days before the introduction of cold storage.商人们想平安无事地获取大量的东方香料，这些香料已经为欧洲人所喜爱，而且在没有发明冷藏法的当时，香料也是人们储藏食品所必须的。
●I had seldom met an American who served in China during World WarII who had not known Zhou Enlai.二战期间曾在中国工作过却不认识周恩来的美国人很少见。
●译成前置定语：●This is the soldier who just returned from the front.译文：这是刚从前线回来的战士。
●To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to those ofpeople who need them.译文：诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。
●In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware thatcities are also areas where there is a concentration of problems. 可是，近几年来人们开始意识到城市也是问题成堆的地方。
●Chemistry deals with changes in matter as a result of which it ispossible to form a new substance.译文：化学是研究物质变化的，这种变化的结果能够形成新的物质。
英语特殊句型的翻译（《英汉互译实用教程》）Translation of English Special Structures（英语特殊句型的翻译）本章内容提要这里所说的特殊句型，主要是指一些翻译难度较大的句型。
熟悉这些句型并掌握它们的翻译技巧，是翻译训练中不可缺少的课程。
英语特殊句型是英译汉的一个难点。
有些有比较固定的译法，有些则没有。
所以翻译者如果遇到一些难译的特殊句型，就应该多分析，多思索，多联想上下文，多进行逻辑推理，切勿率尔动笔。
这里不可能把英语所有的惯用结构和特殊句型都列全，只能列举一些典型结构，加以探讨翻译的一些特殊技巧及思路。
1. it作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型的翻译。
[例1] She had said what it was necessary to say．[译文] 要说的话她都说了。
[例2] It is no time for me to hide anything．[译文] 什么东西都来不及藏起来了。
[例3] It is not common for him to receive letters．[译文] 他难得接到几封信。
[例4] How was it possible for so great a commerce to flourish?[译文] 这么大的贸易如何才能兴旺起来呢?[例5] Make it the first object to be able to fix and hold your attention upon your studies．[译文] 要把专心致志于学业并且持之以恒作为首要目标。
[例6] The fog made it difficult to calculate the distance．[译文] 雾大得看不出距离来。
[例7] Rumour has it that there will be war．[译文]谣传快要打仗了。
2．强调句型的翻译。
