专四新题型完形填空模拟练习

全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题完型填空完型填空模拟试题Passage 1The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 41 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 42 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 43 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 44 unfavorable reactions in the listener 45 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.46 inaccurate or indefinite words may make 47 difficult for the listener to understand the 48 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50 that can be understood by his listeners.41 ［A］of ［B］at［C］for ［D］on42 ［A］inaccessible ［B］timely［C］likely ［D］invalid43 ［A］encourages ［B］prevents［C］destroy ［D］offers44 ［A］pass out ［B］take away［C］back up ［D］stir up45 ［A］who ［B］as［C］which ［D］what46 ［A］Moreover ［B］However［C］Preliminarily ［D］Unexpectedly47 ［A］that ［B］it［C］so ［D］this48 ［A］speech ［B］sense［C］message ［D］meaning49 ［A］obscure ［B］difficult［C］impossible ［D］unable50 ［A］case ［B］means［C］method ［D］wayPassage 2Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 41 kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 43 . The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 45 of non-REM sleep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now 48 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems—the self—protecting mechanism against diseases—had crashed.41 ［A］Either ［B］Neither［C］Each ［D］Any42 ［A］intended ［B］required［C］assumed ［D］inferred43 ［A］subtle ［B］obvious［C］mysterious ［D］doubtful44 ［A］maintained ［B］described［C］settled ［D］afforded45 ［A］in the light ［B］by virtue［C］with the exception ［D］for the purpose46 ［A］reduction ［B］destruction［C］deprivation ［D］restriction47 ［A］upon ［B］by［C］through ［D］with48 ［A］paid attention to ［B］caught sight of［C］laid emphasis on ［D］cast light on49 ［A］develop ［B］produce［C］stimulate ［D］induce50 ［A］if ［B］as if［C］only if ［D］if onlyPassage 3Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, 41 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43 is missing a deficiency disease becomes44 .Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47 one or more specific functions in the body.48 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins. Many people, 50 , believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body's vitamin needs.41. A) either B) so C) nor D) never42. A) shifting B) transferring C) altering D) transforming43. A) any B) some C) anything D) something44. A) serious B) apparent C) severe D) fatal45. A) mostly B) partially C) sometimes D) rarely46. A) in that B) so that C) such that D) except that47. A) undertakes B) holds C) plays D) performs48. A) Supplying B) Getting C) Providing D) Furnishing49. A) exceptional B) exceeding C) excess D) external50. A) nevertheless B) therefore C) moreover D) meanwhilePassage 4Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world's largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day's work for a day's pay. One day at a time. 42 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.44 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “45” work force is the most important 46 in American business today, and it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee.41. A) swarm B) stride C) separate D) slip42. A) For B) Because C) As D) Since43. A) from B) in C) on D) by44. A) Even though B) Now that C) If only D) Provided that45. A) durable B) disposable C) available D) transferable46. A) approach B) flow C) fashion D) trend47. A) instantly B) reversely C) fundamentally D) sufficiently48. A) but B) while C) and D) whereas49. A) imposed B) restricted C) illustrated D) confined50. A) excitement B) conviction C) enthusiasm D) importancePassage 5Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.41. ［A］admitted ［B］believed ［C］claimed ［D］predicted42. ［A］plain ［B］average ［C］mean ［D］normal43. ［A］momentary ［B］prompt ［C］instant ［D］immediate44. ［A］bulk ［B］host ［C］gross ［D］magnitude45. ［A］On ［B］With ［C］For ［D］By46. ［A］broadly ［B］thoroughly ［C］generally ［D］completely47. ［A］however ［B］meanwhile ［C］therefore ［D］moreover48. ［A］at ［B］in ［C］about ［D］for49. ［A］manifested B］approved ［C］shown ［D］speculated50. ［A］noted ［B］impressed ［C］labeled ［D］markedPassage 6Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 41 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 42 and active. When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established 44 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may 45 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 46 rules or regulations. 47 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety 48 . The fewer the injury 49 , the better the workman's insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at50 or at a loss.41. ［A］at ［B］in ［C］on ［D］with42. ［A］alive ［B］vivid ［C］mobile ［D］diverse43. ［A］regulation ［B］climate ［C］circumstance ［D］requirement44. ［A］where ［B］how ［C］what ［D］unless45. ［A］alter ［B］differ ［C］shift ［D］distinguish46. ［A］constituting ［B］aggravating［C］observing ［D］justifying47. ［A］Some ［B］Many ［C］Even ［D］Still48. ［A］comes off ［B］turns up ［C］pays off ［D］holds up49. ［A］claims ［B］reports ［C］declarations ［D］proclamations50. ［A］an advantage ［B］a benefit ［C］an interest ［D］a profitPassage 7If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 41 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 42 he produces a surplus.He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 46 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47 . He must either sell some of his property or 48 extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 49 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 50 obtainable.41 ［A］other than ［B］as well as ［C］instead of ［D］more than42 ［A］only if ［B］much as ［C］long before ［D］ever since43 ［A］for ［B］against ［C］of ［D］towards44 ［A］replace ［B］purchase ［C］supplement ［D］dispose45 ［A］enhance ［B］mix ［C］feed ［D］raise46 ［A］vessels ［B］routes ［C］paths ［D］channels47 ［A］self-confident ［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied ［D］self-restrained48 ［A］search ［B］save ［C］offer ［D］seek49 ［A］proportion ［B］percentage ［C］rate ［D］ratio50 ［A］genuinely ［B］obviously ［C］presumably ［D］frequentlyPassage 8The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control.39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46 our British judges," he said.Witness payments became an 47 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdicts.31 ［A］as to ［B］for instance［C］in particular ［D］such as32 ［A］tightening ［B］intensifying［C］focusing ［D］fastening33 ［A］sketch ［B］rough［C］preliminary ［D］draft34 ［A］illogical ［B］illegal［C］improbable ［D］improper35 ［A］publicity ［B］penalty［C］popularity ［D］peculiarity36 ［A］since ［B］if［C］before ［D］as37 ［A］sided ［B］shared［C］complied ［D］agreed38 ［A］present ［B］offer［C］manifest ［D］indicate39 ［A］Release ［B］Publication［C］Printing ［D］Exposure40 ［A］storm ［B］rage［C］flare ［D］flash41 ［A］translation ［B］interpretation［C］exhibition ［D］demonstration 42 ［A］better than ［B］other than［C］rather than ［D］sooner than 43 ［A］changes ［B］makes［C］sets ［D］turns44 ［A］binding ［B］convincing［C］restraining ［D］sustaining45 ［A］authorized ［B］credited［C］entitled ［D］qualified46 ［A］with ［B］to［C］from ［D］by47 ［A］impact ［B］incident［C］inference ［D］issue48 ［A］stated ［B］remarked［C］said ［D］told49 ［A］what ［B］when［C］which ［D］that50 ［A］assure ［B］confide［C］ensure ［D］guaranteePassage 9Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, 29 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process, 31 its impact on the media was not immediately 32 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal" too, as well as33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much36 .It was within the computer age that the term “information society" began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits" have been weighed 40“harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.21. ［A］between ［B］before ［C］since ［D］later22. ［A］after ［B］by ［C］during ［D］until23. ［A］means ［B］method ［C］medium ［D］measure24. ［A］process ［B］company ［C］light ［D］form25. ［A］gathered ［B］speeded ［C］worked ［D］picked26. ［A］on ［B］out ［C］over ［D］off27. ［A］of ［B］for ［C］beyond ［D］into28. ［A］concept ［B］dimension［C］effect ［D］perspective29. ［A］indeed ［B］hence ［C］however ［D］therefore30. ［A］brought ［B］followed［C］stimulated ［D］characterized31. ［A］unless ［B］since ［C］lest ［D］although32. ［A］apparent ［B］desirable［C］negative ［D］plausible33. ［A］institutional ［B］universal［C］fundamental ［D］instrumental34. ［A］ability ［B］capability ［C］capacity ［D］faculty35. ［A］by means of ［B］in terms of ［C］with regard to ［D］in line with36. ［A］deeper ［B］fewer ［C］nearer ［D］smaller37. ［A］context ［B］range ［C］scope ［D］territory38. ［A］regarded ［B］impressed ［C］influenced ［D］effected39. ［A］competitive ［B］controversial［C］distracting ［D］irrational40. ［A］above ［B］upon ［C］against ［D］withPassage 10Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. 21.［A］thought ［B］ideal［C］opinion ［D］advice22. ［A］strengthen ［B］accommodate［C］stimulate ［D］enhance23. ［A］care ［B］nutrition［C］exercise ［D］leisure24. ［A］If ［B］Although［C］Whereas ［D］Because25. ［A］assistance ［B］guidance［C］confidence［D］tolerance26. ［A］claimed ［B］admired［C］ignored［D］surpassed27. ［A］improper ［B］risky［C］fair ［D］wise28. ［A］in effect ［B］as a result［C］for example［D］in a sense29. ［A］displaying ［B］describing［C］creating ［D］exchanging30. ［A］durable ［B］excessive［C］surplus ［D］multiple31. ［A］group ［B］individual［C］personnel ［D］corporation32. ［A］consent ［B］insurance［C］admission ［D］security33. ［A］particularly ［B］barely［C］definitely［D］rarely34. ［A］similar ［B］long［C］different ［D］short35. ［A］if only ［B］now that［C］so that ［D］even if36. ［A］everything ［B］anything［C］nothing ［D］something37. ［A］off ［B］down［C］out ［D］alone38. ［A］On the contrary ［B］On the average［C］On the whole ［D］On the other hand 39. ［A］making ［B］standing［C］planning ［D］taking40. ［A］capabilities ［B］responsibilities［C］proficiency ［D］efficiencyPassage 11Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 30 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 31 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents.34 , children are likely to have less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 37 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 38 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 39 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.［A］acting ［B］relying ［C］centering ［D］cementing22.［A］before ［B］unless ［C］until ［D］because23. ［A］interactions［B］assimilation ［C］cooperation ［D］consultation24. ［A］return ［B］reply ［C］reference ［D］response25. ［A］or ［B］but rather ［C］but ［D］or else26.［A］considering ［B］ignoring ［C］highlighting ［D］discarding27. ［A］on ［B］in ［C］for ［D］with28. ［A］immune ［B］resistant ［C］sensitive ［D］subject29. ［A］affect ［B］reduce ［C］chock ［D］reflect30. ［A］point ［B］lead ［C］come ［D］amount31. ［A］in general ［B］on average ［C］by contrast ［D］at length32. ［A］case ［B］short ［C］turn ［D］essence33. ［A］survived ［B］noticed ［C］undertaken ［D］experienced34. ［A］contrarily ［B］consequently ［C］similarly ［D］simultaneously35. ［A］than ［B］that ［C］which ［D］as36. ［A］system ［B］structure ［C］concept ［D］heritage37. ［A］assessable ［B］identifiable ［C］negligible ［D］incredible38. ［A］expense ［B］restriction ［C］allocation ［D］availability39. ［A］incidence ［B］awareness ［C］exposure ［D］popularity40. ［A］provided ［B］since ［C］although ［D］supposing1 ACBDC ABCDD2 BCCBD CADAB3 CDABC ADBCA4 ACDAB DCBAD5 ABDAD DABCD6 DABAB CDCAD7 CABAC DBDCD8 DADBA CDBBA BCBAC ADCDC9 ADCBB ADDCB DAACB DACBC 10．ABCDC BDCAD ADBDC DBACA 11．CDADA BCDAB ACDBA BBDAC。

1．Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? __1__ an event takes place; newspapers are on the streets __2__ the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to __3__ the news.Newspapers have one basic __4__ , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to __5__ it.Radio, telegraph, television, and __6__ inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. __7__ , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on.They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the __8__ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are __9__ and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers __10__ of the latest news, today's newspapers __11__ and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices __12__ advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very __13__ .Newspapers are sold at a price that __14__ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main __15__ of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The __16__ in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This __17__ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends __18__ on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment __19__ in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information __20__ the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.1.A.Just when B.While C.Soon after D.Before2.A.to give B.giving C.given D.being given3.A.gather B.spread C.carry D.bring4.A.reason B.cause C.problem D.purpose5.A.make B.publish C.know D.write6.A.another B.other C.one another D.the other7.A.However B.And C.Therefore D.So8.A.value B.ratio C.rate D.speed9.A.spread B.passed C.printed pletedrm B.be informed C.to be informed rmed11.A.entertain B.encourage cate D.edit12.A.on B.through C.with D.of13.A.forms B.existence C.contents D.purpose14.A.tries to cover B.manages to cover C.fails to cover D.succeeds in15.A.source B.origin C.course D.finance16.A.way B.means C.chance D.success17.A.measures B.measured C.Is measured D.was measured18.A.somewhat B.little C.much D.something19.A.offering B.offered C.which offered D.to be offered20.A.by B.with C.at D.about1.【答案】A【解析】just在此为副词，意为“刚刚”，做状语。

专四完形填空新题型模拟题（1）Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any (36) you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain (37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38) , write a letter. Be sure to（39）to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not (40) with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sureto keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offerto (41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an (42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back , but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some (43) loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for (44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note.In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simplybecause you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these (45).A. intimateB. attractiveC. personD. attachmentE. satisfiedF. receiptG. contaminateH. replaceI. special J. stick K.vigorously L. adviceM. circumstances N. directly O. petitions专四完形填空新题型模拟题（2）Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this (36), every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic(37)of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级制度) among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as (38) and undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the (39) of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or (40 ) structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which（41）the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two thingsare to be noted: 1. All languages seem to (42) the machineryfor vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in "backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly (43) and complicated.This study of language, in turn, (44) a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed(45), and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.A. savageB. superiorityC. conceiveD. transferE. identificationF. grammaticalG. reflectH. revealsI. numerous J . independentlyK. exclusive L. casts M. sense N. confidentially O. possess专四完形填空新题型模拟题（3）In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They (36) needed supplies of highly trained personnel to (37) a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training.In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974enabled over 1,600（38）scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel (39) strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries maywell increase in (40) to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.Recent studies (41) that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be ableto produce, or so it is thought. As a (42) there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give (43) to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad; they must introduce (44) administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is (45) to continue.A. forecastB. flexibleC. neutrallyD. preferenceE. detachF. boundG. implementH. consequenceI. qualifiedJ. dismissingK. result L.occupying M. urgently N . skepticalO . response专四完形填空新题型模拟题（4）Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any (36) you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain (37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38), write a letter. Be sure to（39）to the facts and keep a copy of whatyou write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not (40) with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to (41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an (42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back, but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some (43) loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for (44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simply because you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these (45).A. intimateB. attractiveC. personD. attachmentE. satisfiedF. receiptG. contaminateH. replaceI. special J. stick K.vigorously L. adviceM. circumstances N. directly O. petitions专四完形填空新题型模拟题（5）For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are（1）out the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat species are becoming （2）in vast numbers, and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more（3） not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more foodis now produced per 4 of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are （5） . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been（6）. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been （7） , or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by（8）it. One form of pollution - therelease of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to（9） a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between （10） and reality.A) pose B) exaggerated C) acceleratingD) extinct E) exist F) perceptionG) wealthy H) magnified I) starvingJ) head K) running L) predictedM) abundantN) conceptionO) reducing专四完形填空新题型模拟题（6）During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, migrations have taken place within (11) countries; the cities with their industries have attracted people away from the country. The possibility of earning a fixed (12) in a factory or office wasmore attractive than the possibility of staying on the farm and having one's work (13) by frost, storms, or droughts. Furthermore, thedevelopment of agricultural machinery made it possible for fewer people to do the same (14) of work.Thus, at the same time when the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more (15) and more quickly in factories, agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crop that would (16) the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was (17) from the same land two centuries ago.In many countries farmers find it more (18) to raise only one crop or one kind of animal. They choose the kind that gives the best results. Then they sell all that they produce, instead of trying to grow a little of everything and consume what they grow. This is a more feasible type of (19) because modern methods and machinery are adapted to specific animals and specific crops. Therefore, it would be too expensive to do allthe work by hand, or to buy the (20) needed for several different kinds of farming.A. salary E. deserted I. equivalent M. destroyedB. freely F. operation J. enrich N. certainC. profitable G.amount K. fruitful O. cheaplyD. obtained H. payment L. equipment专四完形填空新题型模拟题（7）Like most parents, geologist Brain Atwater worries about his daughter's safety. But these days, he has an unusual concern; The public school she (11) in Seattle has unreinforced brick walls, a (12) being easy to collapse during earthquakes. The same (13) of walls crushed hundreds of thousands of people during the 1976 Tangshan quake in China.A decade ago, Atwater would have paid little notice to schoolroom walls. But over the last several years, he and other scientists have found (14) signs that the Pacific Northwest hasexperienced giant quakes in the distant past and that the area may be headed for a destructive shock in the near future.At a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in December, researchers discussed the (15) uncovered evidence of quake potential in the Pacific Northwest. While some remain unconvinced that huge earthquakes—with magnitudes of 8 or higher—do indeed (16) this region, a growing number consider such shocks a serious possibility.What's worrisome, they say, is that northwestern cities such as Portland, Seattle and Vancouver have not prepared for earthquakes of this magnitude, which could shake the region's (17) centers with enough force to make the recent San Francisco area damage seem (18) in comparison."I think it's quite true to say that nothing has really been designed with one of these earthquakes in mind," says seismologist Paul Somerville of Woodward. At the meeting, Somerville and his colleagues (19) estimates of the degree of shaking. Portland and Seattle would suffer during such a (20) earthquake.A. massiveB.recentlyC.constructionD.displayedE. relativelyF.attendsG.typeH.strikeI. structure J.participates K.excessive dM. disturbing N.population 0.presented专四完形填空新题型模拟题（8）Growth of trade will depend greatly on availability of energy sources. There may still be a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the oil crisis of 1974 has (11) to renewed interest in coal and to a search for （12） sources of energy. Solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy will play a large role in the years to come.Solar energy is available in （13） forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as （14） , sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electric power can be （15） from thesun-warmed surface waters of the ocean, and lastly, solar radiation can be converted into heat that will drive electric power generators. Serious problems still remain as to （16）and storage of solar energy.Geothermal energy is the energy contained within the earth. Heat is abundantly available deep in the earth's core and is constantly being produced. However, this heat is usually located at too deep a level for （17） exploitation. In short, very little is known on the use of geothermal energy, and it has （18） been exploited.Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium are split, thus （19） masses of energy. Another source of energyunder development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually （20） natural gas as a source of energy.A. rarelyB.transformationC.fuelD.replaceE. ledF.alternativeG mercial H.briefly I. derivedJ.various K.relieving L.releasingM. transportation N.financial O.described专四完形填空新题型模拟题（9）The economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despite （11）alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a （12） of boom. An economic survey of the year 1955, atypical year of the 1950's, may be typical as （13） the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was （14）at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufactures was about 40 percent more than it had （15） in the years immediately following World War I . The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income （16） for spending was almost a third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the （17） . Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than twomillion wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture （ 18 ）that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was a sad reflection of the mid-1920's. As farmers' share of their products （19） , marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fearthat the boom could not last long and would（20） lead to the opposite—depression.A. eventuallyB.averagedC.graduallyD.stateE. valuedF.formG.declinedH.occasionalI. casual J.argued K.descended L plainedM. clock N.available O.illustrating专四完形填空新题型模拟题（10）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now （11） . Just a few years ago, it was （12） impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a （13） of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country Or doesn't it （14） What about table manners Should you use bothhands when you are eating Should you leave one in your lap, or on the tableThe Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also （15） a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. (16) is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7o'clock, the dinner guest either arrives (17 ) to that time or calls up to explain his (18)The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable— (19) if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the (20) calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way.A. especiallyB.attainableC.closeD.delayE. consideredF.hostG.deliveryH.PreparationI. share J.fool K.specifically L.acceptableM. matter N.Promptness 0.care答案与解析模拟题（1）36.F语法判断：分析句子结构可知，any后应接一个名词，且本句缺少一个名词作takin9的宾语。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Malaria is world’s second most common disease causing over【C1】______infections and one million deaths every year.【C2】______it is one of those diseases which is beginning to increase as it develops resistance【C3】______treatments. Even in the UK, where malaria has been effectively【C4】______more than 2,000 people are infected as they return from trips abroad and the numbers are rising. 【C5】______the fact that malaria has been around for so long, surprisingly【C6】______is known about how to【C7】______or prevent it. Mosquitoes,【C8】______are the carriers of the disease, are attracted to heat, moisture and carbon dioxide but how they sought【C9】______this mixture to repeatedly select one individual for attention over【C10】______is not understood. The fight against malaria often seems to focus on the work of medical researchers. But【C11】______is low because malaria is a third world condition and【C12】______troubles the rich, industrialized countries.【C13】______malaria is a disease of【C14】______The richer countries have managed to eradicate malaria by extending agriculture and having proper drainage【C15】______mosquitoes cannot breed. In China, making use of 【C16】______impregnated netting around beds reduced infection【C17】______from over 1 million per year to around 65,000. But the search for medical cures goes on. Some researchers still have high hopes for DNA【C18】______vaccines which worked well in trials【C19】______mice. Others are not so confident and expect a wait of 【C20】______another 15 years before any significant development.1．【C1】A．500 millionB．500 millionsC．500 million ofD．500 millions of正确答案：A解析：语法辨析题。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷300(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 4. CLOZEPART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.A. absenceB. adaptationC. cushionsD. defineE. depressionF. distractingG. enlargesH. evolveI. economicalJ. instrumentalK. interpersonalL. occasionallyM. strengthenedN. tendencyO. typically Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our 【C1】______ to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their 【C2】______ ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to treat with major life changes and daily hassles (日常困扰). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from 【C3】______ to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off illness, and the 【C4】______ of such support makes poor health more likely. Social support 【C5】______ stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is 【C6】______ when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to 【C7】______ and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we 【C8】______ find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time 【C9】______ us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us 【C10】______ support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.1．【C1】正确答案：N解析：形容词性物主代词our提示空格填入名词，且能后接不定式。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷78(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, the choice of an【C1】______should【C2】______even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, most people make several job choices during their working lives,【C3】______because of economic and industrial changes and partly to【C4】______their position. The “one【C5】______job” does not exist. Young people should 【C6】______enter a broad【C7】______training program that will【C8】______them for a field of work rather than for a single job. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans without benefit of help from a(n)【C9】______vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【C10】______about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【C11】______. Some【C12】______from job to job. Others【C13】______to work in which they are unhappy and【C14】______they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students —or their parents for them —choose the professional field,【C15】______both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal【C16】______. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar” job is no good reason for choosing it as life’s work.【C17】______, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the【C18】______of young people should give serious 【C19】______to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take【C20】______for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1．【C1】A．entertainmentB．identificationC．accommodationD．occupation正确答案：D解析：篇章题。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷124(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed(1)_____ as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and(2)_____ a very simple affair in the beginning.(3)_____, when we observe the language behaviour of(4)_____ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it(5)_____ complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have at the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words (6)_____ to get along reasonably well, much larger than the(7)_____ vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.(8)_____, these Eskimo words are far more highly inflected(词尾变化的) than(9)_____ of any of the well-known European languages, for a(10)_____ noun can be spoken or written in(11)_____ hundred different forms, each (12)_____ a precise meaning different from (13)_____ of any other. The forms of the verbs are even more(14)______. The Eskimo language is, (15)_____, one of the most difficult in the world to learn,(16)_____ the result that almost no traders or explorers have(17)______ tried to learn it. (18)______, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon(19)_____ to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually(20)_____ by travellers as “the Eskimo language”.1．(1)A．graduallyB．actuallyC．habituallyD．mystically正确答案：A解析：空格后填入副词修饰developed，表示语言如何发展。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷32(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. It was Barcelona’s sixth win in a【C7】______and, thanks to their Brazilian’s 10-goal contribution,【C8】______looked like a poor season could now end a success. Ronaldinho—full name Ronaldo De Assis Moreira—is one of many South Americans who learned their skills playing in the backstreets before【C9】______them off on the world stage. He first【C10】______for his country in 1999 but it was at the 2002 World Cup where he showed his real【C11】______, scoring an unbelievable free-kick in Brazil’s quarter-final victory【C12】______England. “I have never failed to deliver in big matches,” Ronaldinho says. “My game is based on my【C13】______. Often a forward does not have the time to decide whether to shoot or【C14】______. It is【C15】______that gives out the orders.”【C16】______he may not have David Beckham’s good looks, Ronaldinho has a【C17】______reputation 【C18】______the pitch. At former club Paris Saint Germain, which sold him to Barcelona, he broke club rules by going out and enjoying the city’s nightlife. “Without doubt, Ronaldinho is the most【C19】______player I have ever come【C20】______,” says former PSG coach Luis Ferdandez.” The main problem for any coach is that one player without discipline can hurt the whole team.”21．【C1】A．handsomeB．good-lookingC．uglyD．attractive正确答案：C解析：上下文题根据下文的buck teeth龅牙，可以推断出选C。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.As most schools are set up today, learning is compulsory. It is an ought, even worse, a must,【C1】______ by regular hours and rigid discipline. And the young sneer at the oughts and 【C2】______ the musts with all their energy. The feeling often lasts【C3】______ a lifetime. For too many of us, learning appears to be a【C4】______ of our own will to external direction. Much unhappiness has been 【C5】______by those people who have never recognized that it is【C6】______ necessary to make themselves into whole and【C7】______ personalities as to keep themselves clean, healthy and financially solvent.【C8】______ of the mind and spirit is not a quality conferred by nature, or by God. Man has the capacity to 【C9】______it; but to achieve it depends on his own【C10】______. During our earthly life, the body gradually dies; even the emotions become 【C11】______. But the mind in most of us continues to live, and even grows more 【C12】______ and active, enjoys itself more, works and plays with more expansion and【C13】______. Many people have played themselves to death, or eaten and drunk themselves to death. Nobody has ever 【C14】______ himself to death. The chief danger 【C15】______us is not age. It is laziness, sloth, routine, stupidity—【C16】______ their way in like wind through 【C17】______, seeping into the cellar like swamp water. Many who avoid learning, or abandon it, find that life is 【C18】______dry. They spend 30 years in chair looking glumly out at the sand and the ocean. But that is not how to live. No learner has ever run【C19】______ of subjects to explore. The pleasures of learning are indeed pleasures. You can live longest and best and most【C20】______ by attaining and preserving the happiness of learning.1．【C1】A．engagedB．enforcedC．enduredD．enclosed正确答案：B解析：动词辨析题。

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷144(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.New Year’s resolutions are those special little promises you(1)_____ to be less like yourself and more like other, better people. They’re an invaluable opportunity to(2)_____ your habits and behaviors in ways that make you a more(3)______ person to be around. The more(4)_____ you are about your resolution, the better your chance of(5)_____ it. Don’t just say, “I want to lose weight.”(6)_____, say, “My goal is to lose 20 pounds in the next two months. I’m going to(7)_____ to being at the gym every morning at 7 am. and eat healthy and nutritious(8)_____.”The best way to(9)_____ yourself of your goals and to get support from family, friends, and even coworkers, is to write them out and post them in a(n)(10)_____ place. There’s a big difference between thinking and(11)_____ seeing the words. If you decide to(12)this year, try replacing it with something else to balance out the (13)______. If you stop drinking soda,(14)______, replace it with becoming more likely to spend time sitting. You deserve it. You loved soda. Getting out of debt is a big one these days, the problem is figuring out(15)_____. You’ve(16)_____ cut back on food expenses, medical expenses, your kids’ expenses. At this(17)______, you may be forced to take a closer look at the horses you’re betting on. Unplugging from technology to reconnect with family and friends is a great resolution, just remember to take it(18)_____. Don’t attempt direct eye contact right away. Be(19)_____ for a great deal of confusion and anxiety(20)_____.1．(1)A．makeB．keepC．completeD．break正确答案：A解析：本句解释“新年愿望”：摆脱自己，更像优秀的人。