2016英语专四完形填空新题型参考答案(真题改编版2014-解读

2016下半年英语四级完形填空试题及答案解析11.A.how B.where C.when D.whether2.A.region B.field C.place D.case3.A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection4.A.except B.but C.except for D.but for5.A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat6.A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch7.A.close B.shut C.stop fort8.A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown9.A.many B.amount C.number D.supply10.A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring11.A.increase B.include C.add D.enrichter B.furtherC.thenD.subsequently13.A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide14.A.who B.they C.of which D.which15.A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully16.A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance17.A.normally B.regularly ually D.often18.A.expectations B.sorrowsC.excitementD.disappointments19.A.for B.with C.to D.from20.A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.Trip1.【答案】A【解析】根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的(从小就喜欢动物)，应当选择A.how。

2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案Part I DICTATIONThink Positive and Feel PositiveAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? / Do you react positively or negatively? / The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around. / A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. / For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. / Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves, / and students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likely to become more positive as well.Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1. success2. challenging settings3. National Spelling Contest4. passion and perseverance5. future a reality6. marathon7. grittier8. measures of talent9. not fixed / changeable10. a temporary conditionSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1.Why does the woman call the man?答案：［D］To tell the man the procedure of the interview.2.What kind of questions can the man ask in the interview?答案：［A］Questions related to the job.3.Which is the last part of the interview?答案：［C］Presentation from the interviewee.4. What might be expected from the man’s presentat ion?答案：［D］Company future and his contribution.5. When is the interview scheduled?答案：［B］11 a.m. next Thursday.6.What is the interview mainly about?答案：［C］How to handle the problem of college loans.7.How does the cost of college education change every year?答案：［A］It was increased by 6 to 8%.8.What is used to measure student loan debt as a guideline?答案：［B］First year salary after graduation.9.What is the advantage of joining a college savings plan?答案：［D］Students withdraw without paying tax.10.What is the possible social cost of a college loan?答案：［A］Giving up charitable or volunteer work.Part III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE11. How can I concentrate if you_____ continually_____ me with silly questions?答案：［A］have...interrupted12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence _____ expresses the highest degree of possibility.答案：［D］It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class.答案：［A］any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, _____?答案：［D］did they15. I can’t put up with _____.答案：［B］that friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of _____ in primary schools in the past few years.答案：［D］men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve _____ .答案：［B］mentioning18. The audience _____ excited on seeing _____ favorite star glide onto the stage.答案：［A］were...their19. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.答案：［B］Had it not been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the spe aker’s _____ .答案：［C］regret21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown’s body, seeking to_____ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into his death.答案：［C］assure22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed man and its handling of the _____.答案：［D］aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to _____ doubts about his handling of the crisis.答案：［A］dispel24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don’t want to take the time to study stocks in detail or who _____ the resources to build a portfolio.答案：［B］lack25. Chris ran _____ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck _____ an easy rapport.答案：［A］into...up26. “I am leaving the country soon,” he told a _____ convened group of reporters.答案：［C］specially27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the _____ ceasefire by an extra 24 hours until Tuesday at midnight.答案：［D］temporary28. _____ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on your own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.答案：［B］Prior29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _____ upper-body movement.答案：［D］vigorous30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark’s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.答案：［C］practicePart IV CLOZE31. ［H］lists32. ［L］shaped33. ［I］promulgated34. ［E］generations35. ［D］disseminated36. ［K］scant37. ［O］virtual38. ［C］directly39. ［M］sophisticated40. ［G］insteadPart V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE41. In Para. 1, the phrase “set my feet” probably means _______.答案：B. prepare me42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that _______.答案：A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starved43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more_______towards the effect of the one-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger.答案：D. positivePASSAGE TWO44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?答案：B. Popular Peace Symbols.45. The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in all the following countries EXCEPT_______.答案：D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate_______.答案：A. friendship47. The origin of the ankh can date back to_______.答案：D. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE48. What is the author’s attitude towards Clinton’s proposal to welfa re?答案：A. Pessimistic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penalties are_______to the underclass.答案：B. useless50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?答案：D. Disease of Despair.SECTION BSHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS说明：这部分答案不唯一，意思对了即可。

Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience.The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 1 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 2 reading material and giving out 3 .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 4 what to write.Very often the student leaves the lecture 5 notes which do not catch the main points and 6 become hard even for the 7 to understand. Most institutions provide courses which 8 new students to develop the skills they need to be 9 listeners and note-takers.10 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 11 learners to practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is important to 13 the problem 14 actually starting your studies. It is important to 15 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 16 in college study.One way of 17 these difficulties is to attend the language and study- skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the 18 year.Another basic 19 is to find a study partner 20 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support. 1.A.extending B.illustrating C.performing D.conducting 2.A.attributing B.contributing C.distributing D.explaining 3.A.assignments rmation C.content D.definition 4.A.suspects B.understands C.wonders D.convinces 5.A.without B.with C.on D.except 6.A.what B.those C.as D.which 7.A.teachers B.classmates C.partners D.students 8.A.prevent B.require C.assist D.forbid 9.A.effective B.passive C.relative D.expressive 10.A.Because B.Though C.Whether D.If 11.A.enable B.stimulate C.advocate D.prevent 12.A.independently B.repeatedlyC.logicallyD.generally 13.A.evaluate B.acquaint C.tackle D.formulate 14.A.before B.after C.while D.for　15.A.predict B.acknowledgeC.argueD.ignore 16.A.to require B.required C.requiring D.are required 17.A.preventing B.withstandingC.sustainingD.overcoming 18.A.average B.ordinary C.normal D.academic 19.A.statement B.strategy C.situation D.suggestion 20.A.in that B.for which C.with whom D.such as。

2016年英语专四1. A) They admire the courage of space explorers.B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. A) At a gift shop.B) At a graduation ceremony.C) In the office of a travel agency.D) In a school library.3. A) He used to work in the art gallery.B) He does not have a good memory.C) He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D) He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4.A) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C) The woman should have informed him earlier.D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5.A) Reward those having made good progress.B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C) Assign more workers to the project.D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. A) The way to the visitor’s parking.B) The rate for parking in Lot C.C) How far away the parking lot is.D) Where she can leave her car.7. A) He regrets missing the classes.B) He plans to take the fitness classes.C) He is looking forward to a better life.D) He has benefited form exercise.8.A) How to ? work efficiency.B) How to select secretaries.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D) The secretaries in the man’s company.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It is more difficult to learn than English.B) It is used by more people than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.10.A) It has words words from many languages,B) Its popularity with the common people.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.11.A) It includes a lot of words form other languages.B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world. Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.15.A) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section B Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they were ??B) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they were ?D) No one knows what they will17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage Two Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food in ??D) Give cooking lessons onPassage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He grew up in a poorD) He often helped his24.A) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch education??Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see？There are other bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are that can help this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year，about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part Ш Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”, 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich（营养丰富的）water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).Section B The Perfect EssayA) Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were high—impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.B) When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page.“Flawless.” This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obviously, I did what and professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was my mother.C) My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris（得意忘形）or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In and event. My mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flaw less essay could be. At the time, I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions（过渡）, structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.D) First off, it hurts. Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint（印记）on you as a person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally. I say that we should never listen to these people.E) Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. The intimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me it took the form of my firs t, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block—I was not able to produce anything for three years.F) Franz Kafka once said; “Writing is utter solitude（独处）, the descent into the cold abyss（深渊）of oneself.” My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective（内省的）descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find. But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude, I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. “It is a thing of no great difficulty.”according to Plutarch, “to raise objections against another man’s speech. it is a very easy matter, but to produc e a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.” I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recall them. What I remember, however, is how she took up the“extremely troublesome”work of ongoi ng criticism.G) There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce“a better in its place.”In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques（评论）.My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero’s claim that one should“criticize by creation, not by finding fault.”Genuine criticism creates a precious opening f or an author to become better on his own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful.H) My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself. For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any—the type I could have found on my own—I had to start from scratch. From scratch. Once the essay was“flawless,” she would take an evening to walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.I) She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon （行话）. She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech.“Writers can’t bluff（虚张声势）their way through ignorance.” That was news to me—I would need to find another way to structure my daily existence.J) She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.“John,” she almost whispered. I leaned in to hear her: “I can’t hear you when you shout at me.” So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writing improved.K) Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I miss ed something important in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps the point of writhing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish. Whitman repeatedly reworked“song of Myself” between 1855 and 1891. Repeatedly. We do our absolute best with a piece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.47. The author’s mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.48. A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can’t produce anything.50. The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essayas“flawless”.51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.52. The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.53. The criticism the author received from his mother changed his as a person.54. The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.55. Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing. Section C Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping－where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters，like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼) of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone of an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as pebble (鹅卵石). Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.56. What is happening to the wallet?A) It is disappearing. C) it is becoming costly.B) It is being fattened. D) It is changing in style.57. How are business transactions done in big modern stores?A) Individually. C) In the abstract.B) Electronically. D) Via a cash register.58. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A) Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B) The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C) Earning money is getting more difficult.D) Spending money is so fast and easy.59. Why does the author choose to write about what’s h appening to the wallet?A) It represents a change in the modern world.B) It has something to do with everybody’s life.C) It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D) It is the concern of contemporary economists.60.What can we infer from the passage about the author?A)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He fells insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage Two Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Everybody sleeps,but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.From data collected,it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep,on average,are sporting events,time changes,and holidays. Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifte d the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 am.Russian s also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans’ late nights late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球）final.The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）, The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns, in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking, If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?61. What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits?A) They are culture-related C)They change with the seasons.B) They affect people’s health. D)They vary from person to person.62.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?A) They don’t fall asleep until very late.B) They don’t sleep much on weekends.C) They get less sleep on public holidays.D) They sleep longer than people elsewhere.63.What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep?A) The daylight savings time.B) The colorful night life.C) The World Cup.D) The summertime.64.What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patterns?A) They have trouble falling asleep.B) They want to get sufficient sleep.C) They are involved in a sleep research.D) They want to go to bed on regular hours.65. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A) Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.C) It is important to study our sleep patterns.D) Average people probably sleep less than the rich.选词填空：36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.37. F. decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，"for the first time in the two decades", 二十年来头一次。

第一篇A)raise B)conceived C)until D)increasingly E)compensate F)moderate G)customH)accordingly I)week J)worthwhile K)secure L)created M)behavior N)possibleO)contributed第二篇Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state:without it,it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;(31)______the workers in government offices who look after our health,our food,our water,and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves.(32)______taxation,we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But though everyone knows that taxation is necessary,different people have different ideas about(33)______taxation should be arranged.In most countries,a direct tax on(34)______,which is called income tax,exists.It is arranged in such way that the poorest people pay nothing,and the percentage of tax grows(35)______as the taxpayer''s income grows.In some countries,for example,the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five per cent!(36)______countries with taxation nearly(37)______have indirect taxation too.Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“duties.”Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties,in the(38)______of higher prices.In some countries,too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops.If the most necessary things are taxed,a lot of money is(39)______ but the poor people suffer most.If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed,less money is obtained but the tax is(40)______,as the rich pay it.第三篇A)destroyed B)still C)continuously D)save E)collides with F)appearance G)however H)irresistible I)unpredictable J)transformed K)crust L)similarly M)orN)preserve O)activeA)larger B)communities C)nor D)persons E)quicker F)fairer G)by no meansH)borrowed I)better J)similarly K)how L)form M)collected N)always O)butThe earthquake of26th December2004resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory.It was a massive underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean.It（31）____coastlines,communities and brought death to many people.Why do earthquakes happen？The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving（32）____（although very slowly）and has done so for billions of years.This is one cause of earthquakes,when one section of the earth （tectonic plate）（33）____another.Scientists can predict where but not when this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line.On one fault line in Kobe,Japan in1923over200,000people were killed.（34）____,earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines,which is why they are so dangerous and（35）____.Where do volcanoes happen？Volcanoes happen where the earth’s（36）____is thin：lava,dust and gas burst out from beneath the earth.They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt,（37）____they can be so violent that they just explode directly from the earth with no warning.There are1511（38）‘____’volcanoes in the world.This means that they may（39）____be dangerous.In1985the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted.The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud on the town below.Twenty thousand peopledied.Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable.We regularly do not know when they might pen,or even where they will happen.In the future,scientists may be able to watch and predict events before they happen.This could（40）____many lives.第四篇A)make B)transformation C)role D)immediate E)educate F)appearance G)reactionH)emotional I)for J)quick K)considerable L)reality M)although N)considerate O)proud“Congratulations,Mr.Cooper.It’s a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words.Some feel(31)when they receive the news,while others worry,wondering whether they will be good father.(32)there are some men who like children and may have had(33)experience with them,others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them.Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time.(34)other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the(35)to the birth of a child,it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to that of a father is a difficult task.Yet,unfortunately,few attempts have been made to(36)fathers in this resocialization process.Although numerous books have been written about mothers,only recently has literature focused on the(37)of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role,although difficult,is not just as great as the transition the wife must(38)to the mother's role.The mother's role seems to require a complete(39)in daily routine.However,the father’s role is less demanding and(40).第五篇A)words B)charming C)make D)powerfully E)increases F)copied G)recall H)extensivelyI)and J)conventional K)filled L)signs M)combined N)transform O)soundsHow men first learned to i nvent words is unknown;in other words,the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men,unlike animals,somehow invented certain(31)____to express thoughts and feelings,actions and things,so that they could communicate with each other;and that later they agreed upon certain signs,called letters,which could be(32)____to represent those sounds,and which could be writtendown.Those sounds,whether spoken,or written in letters,we call words.The power of words,then,lies in their associations the things they bring up before our minds.Words become(33)____with meaning for us by experience;(34)._____the longer we live,the more certain words (35)_____to us the happy and sad events of our past:and the more we read and learn,the more the number of words that mean something to us(36)____Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal(37)____to our minds and emotions.This(38)._____and telling use of words is what we call literary style.Above all,the real poet is a master of(39)____.He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music,and which by their position and association can move men to tears.We should,therefore,learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately,or they will(40)____our speech or writing silly and vulgar.第六篇A)contract B)linger C)newly D)surfaces E)transmission F)regularly G)so H)transportationI)developing J)renewed K)generally L)delay M)progress N)coverings O)detectedScientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose,treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease.SARS--Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome---was(31)____for the first time in February 2003in Hanoi,and since then has infected more than1,600people in15countries,killing63.At this point, there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.Symptoms start with a fever over100.4degrees F,chills,headache or body aches_.Within a week,the patient has a dry cough,which might(32)_____to shortness of breath.In10%to20%of cases,patients require artificial ventilation to breathe.About3.5%die from the disease.Symptoms(33)____begin in two to seven days,but some reports suggest it might take as long as10days.Scientists are close to(34)____a lab test to diagnose SARS.In the meantime,it is diagnosed by its symptoms.There is no evidence that antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help,(35)_____doctors can offer only supportive care.Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of(36)____Scientists aren't sure yet,but some researchers think it's a(37)____ discovered coronavirus,the family of viruses that cause some common colds.Most cases appear to have been passed through droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to(38)____ the illness.But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the disease might spread through air,or that the virus might(39)____for two to three hours on doorknobs or other(40)____.Health experts say it is unlikely, though,that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.第七篇A)replaced B)forms C)for D)primitive E)preceded F)size G)continent H)cityI)collected J)processed K)still L)reflected M)value N)original O)absoluteSalt,shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money,but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable,it is often an31necessity.Cakes of salt,stamped to show their32,were used as money in some countries until recent times,and cakes of salt33buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells had been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old World.These were34mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean,and were traded to India and China.In Africa,shells were traded right across the35from East to West.Metal,valued by weight,36coins in many parts of the world.Iron,in lumps,bars or rings,is still used in many countries instead of paper money.It can either be exchanged37goods,or made into tools,weapons,orornaments.The early money of China,apart from shells,was of bronze,Often in flat,round pieces with a hole in the middle,called"cash".The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays,coins and notes have38nearly all the more picturesque39of money,andAlthough in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals,examples of40money will soon be found only in museums.第八篇A)opinion B)instead C)about D)wealth E)awkward F)remain G)shiftedH)altered I)development J)permission K)evolve L)consequently M)neitherN)unnatural O)obligationUntil I took Dr Offutt's class in DeMatha High school,I was an underachieving student,but I left that class determined never to underachieve again.He not only taught me to think,he convinced me,as much by example as words that it was my moral31to do so and to serve others.32of us could know how our relationship would33over the years.When I came back to DeMatha to teach English,I worked for Dr Offutt,the department chair.My discussion with him were like graduate seminars in adolescent34,classroom management and school leadership.After several years,I was named department chair,and our relationship35again.I thought that it might be36chairing the department,since all of my former English teachers were still there,but Dr Offutt supported me throughout.He knew when to give me advice37curriculum,texts and personnel,and when to let me chart my own course.In1997,I needed his38about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school.If he had asked me to stay at DeMatha,I might have.39,he encouraged me to seize the opportunity.Five years ago,I became the principal of DeMatha.once again,Dr Offutt was there for me,letting me know that I could count on him.I have learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible40of lessons to teach.第九篇第九篇A)alternatively B)avoid C)make D)widely E)mark F)remain G)superstitionH)altered I)misfortune J)permission K)unpopular L)consequently M)associatedN)unnatural O)especiallyThere are many superstitions in Britain,but one of the most(31)held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means stepping off the pavement into a busy street!If you must pass under a ladder you can(32)bad luck by crossing your fingers and keeping them crossed until you have seen a dog.(33),you may lick your finger and(34)a cross on the toe of your shoe,and not look again at the shoe until the(35)has dried.Another common(36)is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house-it will either bring(37)to the person who opened it or to the whole household.Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is(38),as it inevitably brings rain!The number13is said to be unlucky for some,and when the13th day of the month falls on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay indoors.the worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror,as it brings seven years of bad luck!The superstition is supposed to have originated in ancient times,when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods.Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain,even though they are(39)with witchcraft……itis(40)lucky if a black cat crosses your path-although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally,a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood for luck.This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate,such as"my car has never broken down,touch wood?"第十篇A)improve B)still C)ideal D)rarely E)imaginary F)tolerant G)enhance H)compromiseI)probably J)certain K)new L)hesitation M)caution N)similarity O)equivalentA person's home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears,the food heeats and the friends with whom he spends his time.Depending on personality,most have in mind a(n)"31home".But in general,and especially for the student or new wage earners,there arepractical limitations of cash and location on achieving that idea.Cash shortage,in fact,often means that the only way of getting along when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things32financially.There are obvious advantages ofliving at home–personal laundry is usually33done along with the family wash;meals areprovided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to call upon.And there is34theresponsibility for paying bills,rates,etc.On the other hand,much depends on how a family gets on.Do your parents like your friends?You may love your family–but do you like them?Are you prepared to be35when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back?If you find that you cannot manage a(n)36,and that you finally have themoney to leave,how do you go about finding somewhere else to live?If you plan to stay in your home area,the possibilities are37well-known to you already.Friends and the local paper are always a good source of information.If you are going to work in a38area,again there are the papers–and the accommodation agencies,while these should beapproached with39.Agencies are allowed to charge a fee,usually the40of the firstweek's rent,if you take accommodation they have found for you.第十一篇A)demands B)happily C)cycle D)habit E)matter F)adaptation G)preferenceH)normal I)takes J)tendency K)temporary L)longer M)unfortunately N)efficientlyO)thanThe normal human daily cycle of activity is of some7-8hours'sleep alternation with some 16-17hours'wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.Ourpresent concern is with how easily and to what extent this31can be modified.The question is no mere academic one.The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a32of growing importance in industry where automation callsfor round-the-clock working of machines.It normally33from five days to one week for aperson to adapt to a reserved routine of sleep and wakefulness,sleeping during the day andworking at night.34,it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week.Thismeans that no sooner has he got used to one routine35he has to change to another,so thatmuch of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very36.One answer would seem to be37periods on each shift,a month,or even three months.However,,recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their38habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough todestroy any39to night work built up during the week.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose40may persist through all week-ends and holidays.第十二篇A)flavor B)massively C)largely D)identical E)same F)distinguishable G)buys H)diverting I)distinctive J)stripped K)commodity L)peeled M)switching N)as O)ensureDuring McDonald's early years French fries were made from scratch every day.Russet Burbank potatoes were31,cut into shoestrings,and fried in its kitchens.32the chain expanded nationwide,in the mid-1960s,it sought to cut labour costs,reduce the number of suppliers,and33that its fries tasted the same at every restaurant.McDonald's began34to frozen French fries in1966–and few customers noticed the difference.Nevertheless,the change had a profound effect on the nation's agriculture and diet.A familiar food had been transformed into a highly processed industrial35.McDonald's fries now come from huge manufacturing plants that can process two million pounds of potatoes a day.The expansion of McDonald's and the popularity of its low-cost,mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat.The taste of McDonald's French fries played a crucial role in the chain's success–fries are much more profitable than hamburgers–and was long praised by customers,competitors,and even food critics.Their36taste does not stem from the kind of potatoes that McDonald's37, the technology that processes them,or the restaurant equipment that fries them:other chains use Russet Burbank,buy their French fries from the38large processing companies,and have similar fryers in their restaurant kitchens.The taste of a French fry is39determined by the cooking oil.For decades McDonald's cooked its French fries in a mixture of about7per cent cottonseed oil and93per cent beef fat.The mixture gave the fries their unique40.第十三篇A)however B)therefore C)what D)sufficiently E)surprisingly F)singular G)moreover H)uncountable I)single J)relevant K)having L)referred to M)numerous N)similar O)evenPeople thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts,hisses and cries and must have been a very simple affair in the beginning.31,when we observe the language behaviour of32we regard as primitive cultures,we find it33complicated.It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than10,000words so as to get along reasonably well,much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English. 34,these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted(词尾变化的)than those of any of the well-known European languages,for a35noun can be spoken or written in several hundred different forms,each36a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more37.The Eskimo language is,therefore,one of the most difficult in the world to learn,with the result that almost no traders or explorers have38 tried to learn it.Consequently,there has grown up,in communication between Eskimos and whites,a jargon39to the pidgin English used in Old China,with a vocabulary of from300 to600uninflected words.Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English,Danish,Spanish,Hawaiian and other languages.It is this jargon that is usually40 by travellers as"the Eskimo language".第十四篇A)use B)applies C)should D)qualities E)acquaintance F)distinctions G)switch H)refers I)required J)essential K)unnecessary L)consequently M)rather than N)amounts O)howeverThe translator must have an excellent,up-to-date knowledge of his source languages,full facility in the handling of his target language,which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual31and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is,as it were,his professional equipment.In addition to this,it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind,wide interests,a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments.He should be willing to work of is own,often at high speeds,but should be humble enough to consult others32his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand.He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and,if he is working mainly for publication,should have more than a nodding33with printing techniques and proof-reading.If he is working basically as an information translator,let us say,for an industrial firm,he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to34rapidly from one source language to another,as well as from one subject-matter to another,since this ability is frequently35of him in such work.Bearing in mind the nature of the translator's work,i.e.the processing of the written word,it is,strictly speaking,36that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with.If he does speak them,it is an advantage37a hindrance,but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can do away with.It is,38,desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced.The same39to an ability to write his source languages.If he can,well and good;if he cannot,it does not matter.There are many other skills and40that are desirable in a translator.第十五篇A)distinguished B)fills C)called D)on E)in contrast F)inclines G)fundamental H)nevertheless I)take J)apply K)in the case of L)elementary M)therefore N)recognized O)tendsThe difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious on the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth.A liquid can be kept in an open container and31it to the level of a free surface.A gas forms no free surface but32to diffuse throughout the space available;it must33be kept in a closed container,as34a planet's atmosphere.The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories describing the phases of matter.In the nineteenth century,for example,one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved"in a vapor without losing its identity,and another theory held that the two phases are 35different kinds of molecules(分子).The theories now prevailing36a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common.They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure,and they both flow easily.They are fluids.The37similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.Suppose a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands or in other words,becomes less dense;some of it evaporates.38,the vapor above the liquid surface becomes denser as the evaporated molecules are added to it.The combination of temperature and pressure at which the densities become equal is39the criticalpoint.Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be40;there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.第十六篇A)earned B)provided C)adapted D)match E)however F)rival G)adapted H)deserved I)available J)bestowed K)developed L)generated M)endowed N)accustomed O)doomedOur ape-men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open.They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats.They could not31 with the bear,whose strength,speed and claws32an impressive‘small-fire'weaponry.They could not even defend themselves by running swiftly like the horses,zebras or small animals.If the ape-man had attempted to compete on those terms in the open,they would have been33to failure and extinction.But they were34with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors.In the search of the pickings of the forest,the ape-men had35efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color that the animals of the grasslands did not possess.The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far beyond the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland.Good long-distance sight was quite another matter.Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint,the greater the range of sight–so all they had had to do was climb a tree.Out in the open,however,this simple solution was not36.Climbing a hill would have helped,but in many places the ground was flat.The ape-men37the only possible solution.They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk upright.This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages.It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower still.38,they persevered and their bone structure graduallyBecause39to the new,unstable position that40them the name Homo erectus,upright man.第十七篇A)working B)claim C)innocently D)have E)yet F)request G)fitness H)expansion I)wider J)coped K)rapidly L)instantly M)faced N)ampler O)cultivationThe way that people spend their money,and the objects on which they spend it,are the last areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed.The choice reflects personal taste,the way people see themselves and the fantasies they31about their lives,the restrictions on money available to them,the presence of others in the family with a32on that money,and the influence of current convention,33,surroundings and locality.Shopping is an important human activity.Yet shoppers are34with a confusing situation and a(n)35changing one.The confusion arises from the claims made by adverting,from inadequate information about new products,new materials,new places to shop–a confusion enhanced by rising prices and a(n) 36choice of goods than ever before.The search for the right purchase is based on ignorance of one’s own needs and ignorance of the product's37for those needs.When choosing any particular item,there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance.38none of these is entirely satisfactory. For example,you can ask a shop assistant initially.Even if you find one,she may quite39notknow the answers.She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job,or a housewife40part-time.第十八篇A)throughout B)held C)caught D)between E)spread F)roused G)idea H)requested I)fixed J)rules K)strength L)defined M)required N)among O)imitateUnlike most sports which evolved over time from street games basketball was designed by one man to suit a particular purpose.The man was Dr.James Naismith,and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played indoors in the winter.In1892,Naismith was an instructor at a training school,which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs.That year the school was trying to come up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy31the football and baseball seasons.None of the standard indoor activities32their interest for long.Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school.He first tried to33some of the popular outdoor sports,but they were all too rough.The men were getting bruised from tackling each other and being hit with equipment.So,Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact.Most popular sports used a ball.So he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it34no equipment,such as a hat or a racket to hit it.Next he decide on an elevated goal,so that scoring would depend on skill and accuracy rather than on35only.His goals were two peach baskets,36to ten-foot high balconies at each end of the gym.The basic37of the game was to throw the ball into the basket.Naismith wrote rules for the game,many of which,though with some small changes,are still in effect.Basketball was an immediate success.The students38it to their friends,and the new sport quickly39on.Today,basketball is one of the most popular games40the world.第十九篇A)housekeeper B)maintained C)generations D)voluntary E)original F)deliberate G) architectural H)primitive I)extends J)tenant K)to L)compulsory M)inland N)initial O)unspoiledSince1895the National Trust(国家文物信托基金会)has worked for the preservation of places of historic interest and natural beauty in England,Wales and Northern Ireland.Today the Trust which is not a government department but a charity depending on the31 support of the public and its own conservation society in Britain.Wherever you go,you are close to land that is protected and32by the National Trust. Over350miles of33coastline:90,000acres of land,lakes and forests in one area of natural beauty alone;pre-historic and Roman ruins;moorlands and farmland,woods and islands,lengths of34water-ways;even seventeen whole village–all are open to the public at all times subject only35the needs of farming,forestry and the protection of wildlife.But the Trust's protection36further than this.It has in its possession a hundred gardens and some two hundred historic buildings which it opens to paying visitors.Castles and churches, houses of37or historic importance,mills,gardens and parks haveb=been given to the Trust by their former owners.Many houses retain their38contents of fine furniture,pictures,and other treasures accumulated over39,and often the donor himself continues to live in part of the house as a40of the National Trust.The walking-sticks in the hall,the flowers, silver-framed photographs,books and papers in the morns are signs that the house is still loved and lived in and that visitors are welcomed as private individuals just as much as tourists.。

2016年英语专四考试完形填空试题及答案 Directions： Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank. A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that __1__ does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less __2__ then, however, were the new, positive __3__ that work against the digital divide. __4__,there are reasons to be __5__. There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more __6__, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential __7__ there are. More and more __8__, afraid their countries will be left __9__, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be__10__ together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will __11__ rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for __12__ world poverty that we’ve ever had. Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to __13__ poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has __14__ potential. To __15__ advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices __16__ respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an __17__ of their sovereignty might well study the history of __18__ (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is __19__ America’s Second Wave infrastructure-__20__ roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. 1. A) divide B) information C) world D) lecture 2. A) obscure B) visible C) invisible D) indistinct 3. A) forces B) obstacles C) events D) surprises 4. A) Seriously B) Entirely C) Actually D) Continuously 5. A) negative B) optimistic C) pleasant D) disappointed 6. A) developed B) centralized C) realized D) commercialized 7. A) users B) producers C) customers D) citizens 8. A) enterprises B) governments C) officials D) customers 9. A) away B) for C) aside D) behind 10. A) netted B) worked C) put D) organized 11. A) decrease B) narrow C) neglect D) low 12. A) containing B) preventing C) keeping D) combating 13. A) win B) detail C) defeat D) fear 14. A) enormous B) countless C) numerical D) big 15. A) bring B) keep C) hold D) take 16. A) at B) with C) of D) for 17. A) offence B) investment C) invasion D) insult 18. A) construction B) facility C) infrastructure D) institution 19. A) why B) where C) when D) how 20. A) concerning B) concluding C) according D) including 答案： 1.A 由⽂中第⼀⾏的digital divide得出答案。

2016下半年英语四级完形填空试题及答案解析7Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 1 in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street.Main Street was always in the heart of a town.This street was 2 on both sides with many 3 businesses.Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing,furniture,hardware,groceries. 4 ,some shops offered 5 .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 6 in the 1950s, a change began to 7 .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 8 too few parking places were 9 shoppers.Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 10 the city limits.Open space is what their car driving customers needed.And open space iswhat they got 11 the first shopping centre was built.Shopping centres, or rather malls, 12 as a collection of small new stores 13 crowded city centres. 14 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 15 areas to outlying malls.And the growing 16 of shopping centres led 17 to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. 18 the late 1970s,many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves.In addition to providing the 19 of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 20 benches,fountains,and outdoor entertainment.1.A.As early as B.Early C.Early as D.Earlier2.A.built B.designed C.intented D.lined3.A.varied B.various C.sorted D.mixed up4.A.Apart from B.However C.In addition D.As well5.A.medical care B.food C.cosmetics D.services6.A.suddenly B.Abruptly C.Contrarily D.But7.A.be taking place B.take placeC.be taken place D.have taken place8.A.while B.yet C.though D.and then9.A.available for B.available to ed by D.ready for10.A.over B.from C.out of D.outside11.A.when B.while C.since D.then12.A.started B.founded C.set up anized13.A.out of B.away from C.next to D.near14.A.Attracted B.Surprised C.Delighted D.Enjoyed15.A.inner B.central C.shopping D.downtown16.A.distinction B.fame C.popularity D.liking17.A.on B.in turn C.by turns D.further18.A.By B.During C.In D.Towards19.A.cheapness B.readiness C.convenience D.handiness20.A.because of B.and C.with D.provided。

2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案Part I DICTATIONThink Positive and Feel PositiveAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? / Do you react positivelyor negatively? / The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around. / A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. / For example, theresearchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can becontagious. / Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves, / and students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likelyto become more positive as well.Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1. success2. challenging settings3. National Spelling Contest4. passion and perseverance5. future a reality6. marathon7. grittier8. measures of talent9. not fixed / changeable10. a temporary conditionSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1.Why does the woman call the man?答案：［D］To tell the man the procedure of the interview.2.What kind of questions can the man ask in the interview?答案：［A］Questions related to the job.3.Which is the last part of the interview?答案：［C］Presentation from the interviewee.ion?4. What might be expected from the man’s presentat答案：［D］Company future and his contribution.5. When is the interview scheduled?答案：［B］11 a.m. next Thursday.6.What is the interview mainly about?答案：［C］How to handle the problem of college loans.7.How does the cost of college education change every year?答案：［A］It was increased by 6 to 8%.8.What is used to measure student loan debt as a guideline?答案：［B］First year salary after graduation.9.What is the advantage of joining a college savings plan?答案：［D］Students withdraw without paying tax.10.What is the possible social cost of a college loan?答案：［A］Giving up charitable or volunteer work.Part III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE11. How can I concentrate if you_____ continually_____ me with silly questions?答案：［A］have...interrupted12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence _____ expresses the highest degree of possibility.答案：［D］It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class.答案：［A］any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, _____?答案：［D］did they15. I can’t put up with _____.答案：［B］that friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of _____ in primary schools in the past fewyears.答案：［D］men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve _____ .答案：［B］mentioning18. The audience _____ excited on seeing _____ favorite star glide onto the stage.答案：［A］were...their19. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.答案：［B］Had it not been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses thespe aker’s _____ .答案：［C］regret21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown’s body, seeking to _____ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into hisdeath.答案：［C］assure22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of anunarmed man and its handling of the _____.答案：［D］aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to _____ doubts about his handling of the crisis.答案：［A］dispelthe time to study24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don’t want to takestocks in detail or who _____ the resources to build a portfolio.答案：［B］lack25. Chris ran _____ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck_____ an easy rapport.答案：［A］into...uphe told a _____ convened group of reporters.26. “I am leaving the country soon,”　答案：［C］specially27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the _____ ceasefire by an extra24 hours until Tuesday at midnight.答案：［D］temporary28. _____ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time onyour own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping avery regular schedule for several weeks.答案：［B］Prior29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _____ upper-body movement.答案：［D］vigorous30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark’s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.答案：［C］practicePart IV CLOZE31. ［H］lists32. ［L］shaped33. ［I］promulgated34. ［E］generations35. ［D］disseminated36. ［K］scant37. ［O］virtual38. ［C］directly39. ［M］sophisticated40. ［G］insteadPart V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE41. In Para. 1, the phrase “set my feet” probably means_______.答案：B. prepare me42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that _______.答案：A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starved43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more_______towards the effect of theone-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger.答案：D. positivePASSAGE TWO44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?答案：B. Popular Peace Symbols.45. The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in allthe following countries EXCEPT_______.答案：D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate_______.答案：A. friendship47. The origin of the ankh can date back to_______.答案：D. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE48. What is the author’s attitude towards Clinton’s proposal to welfare?答案：A. Pessimistic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penalties are_______to theunderclass.答案：B. useless50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?答案：D. Disease of Despair.SECTION BSHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS说明：这部分答案不唯一，意思对了即可。

2016英语专业四级真题及答案2016年英语专业四级考试（听写）答案　Part 1 Dictation Think Positively and Feel Positively Are you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? Do you react positively or negatively? The answer may depend in part on whom you are around.A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves and students with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive as well.2016年英语专业四级考试（听力）答案　1.D.procedure 2.A.job 3.C.presentation pany 5.B.11 thursday 6.C.Handle 7.A.increased 6 to 8.B.first 9.D.withdraw10.A.charitable2016年英语专业四级考试（语言知识）答案 PART III LANGUGAGE KNOWLEDGE11-30 :A D A D B D B A B C A D A B A C D B D C2016年英语专业四级考试（完形填空）答案31-40: H L I E D K O C M G2016年英语专业四级考试（阅读理解）答案 PART V READING COMPREHENSION 41-50: BADBD ADCBD 51.Keep wits together in the presence of that food. 52.The author was given the million-pound bank-note. 53.It symbolizes peace and unity. 54.Meeting basic needs and making low-paid work. 55.Good things will happen by taking care of the present.2016年英语专业四级考试（作文）答案 When it comes to whether parents should take their children to spend holidays during term-time, views on the issue vary from person toperson. Parents claim that by doing so, they can save a lot of money born of busy school holidays. Educational officials strongly oppose this tendency on the ground that it encourages truancy, which in turn damages a child’s education. From my perspective, the merits of banning term-time holidays outweigh its demerits. To begin with, taking tough measures on this kind of truancy is conducive to the normal teaching process, one of the key elements to guarantee kid’s academic performance. As we know, currently, teachers have the discretion to approve a certain time of absence from school for each child, which is supposed to be for illness and is not supposed to be granted for holidays. By definitely abolishing the right of head teachers to “authorize absence” from the classroom, those teachers can rarely be pestered by parents who want to take children to go on a holiday just to save money, which severely disrupts teaching process. What ‘s more, without strict penalties imposed on the parents who lead to their kid’s playing truant, those parents can gradually view asking for holiday leave as a right. Once this cultural expectation is formed, the level of truancy will dramatically increase. Accordingly, the growing trend of term-time holidays should be banned with no delay. In this way, teachers can impart knowledge without disturbance and parents will be deterred from saving money at the expense of sacrificing their kid’s education.。

2016年英语专四考试答案Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.? Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.A) They admire the courage of space explorers.? B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.? C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.? D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. A) At a gift shop.? B) At a graduation ceremony.? C) In the office of a travel agency.? D) In a school library.3. A) He used to work in the art gallery.? B) He does not have a good memory.? C) He declined a job offer form the art gallery.? D) He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4.A) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.? B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.? C) The woman should have informed him earlier.? D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5.A) Reward those having made good progress.? B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.? C) Assign more workers to the project.? D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. A) The way to the visitor’s parking.? B) The rate for parking in Lot C.? C) How far away the parking lot is.? D) Where she can leave her car.7. A) He regrets missing the classes.? B) He plans to take the fitness classes.? C) He is looking forward to a better life.? D) He has benefited form exercise.8.A) How to work efficiency.?B) How to select secretaries.?C)The responsibilities of secretaries.?D) The secretaries in the man’s company.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It is more difficult to learn than English.? B) It is used by more people than English.? C) It will be as commonly used as English.? D) It will eventually become a world language.10.A) It has words words from many languages,? B) Its popularity with the common people.? C) The influence of the British Empire.? D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.11.A) It includes a lot of words form other languages.? B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,? C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.? D) It is the largest among all languages in the world. Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.?12.A) To return some goods.?? B) To apply for a job.?? C) To place an order.?? D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.?? B) He is not familiar with the? exact details of goods.?? C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.?? D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.?? B) It will be free for large orders.?? C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.?? D) It depends on a number of factors.15.A) Report the information to her superior.?? B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.?? C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.?? D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.?16. A) No one knows exactly where they were?? B) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.?? C) No one knows for what purpose they were?? D) No one knows what they will17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.?? B) Measure the speed of wind.?? C) Pass on secret messages.?? D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.?? B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.?? C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.?? D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19.A) She enjoys teaching languages.?? B) She can speak several languages.?? C) She was trained to be an interpreter.?? D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.?? B) They would like to live abroad permanently.?? C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible. ?? D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.A) She became an expert in horse racing.?? B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.?? C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.?? D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.?? B) Take part in a cooking competition.?? C) Teach vocabulary for food in?? D) Give cooking lessons onPassage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.?? B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.?? C) He grew up in a poor?? D) He often helped his24.A) Careless.?? B) Stupid.?? C) Brave.?? D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week.?? B) Keep a diary.?? C) Help with housework.?? D) Watch educationSection CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see？There are other??????? bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most????????? of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozenliquids and gasses.??????? these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are????????? that can help???????? this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year，about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course.Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the???????? _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part Ш????????? Reading Comprehension????????? (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December??? 36???? early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for thefirst time in two??? 37??? , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever?? 38??? , and current data indicatesthat 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because??? 39???? are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”,??? 40???? when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large isthe Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the??? 41???? energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are??? 42???? with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa??? 43???? dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can??? 44???? the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich（营养丰富的）water that supports large fish??? 45??? ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Perfect EssayA) Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were high—impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.B) When good students turn in an essay, they dream of theirinstructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page.“Flawless.”This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obviously, I did what and professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was my mother.C) My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris （得意忘形）or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In and event. My mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flaw less essay could be. At the time, I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions（过渡）, structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.D) First off, it hurts. Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint （印记）on you as a person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally. I say that we should never listen to these people.E) Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. The intimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also thepeople who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block—I was not able to produce anything for three years.F) Franz Kafka once said; “Writing is utter solitude（独处）, the descent into the cold abyss（深渊）of oneself.” My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective（内省的）descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find. But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude, I was lucky enough to find acritic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. “It is a thing of no great difficulty.”according to Plutarch, “to raise objections against another man’s speech. it is a very easy matter, but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.” I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recall them. What I remember, however, is how she took up the“extremely troublesome”work of ongoing criticism.G) There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce“a better in its place.”In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques（评论）.My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero’s claim that one should“criticize by creation, not by finding fault.”Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful.H) My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself. For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any—the type I could have found on my own—I had to start from scratch. From scratch. Once the essay was“flawless,” she would take an evening to walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.I) She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon（行话）. She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech.“Writers can’t bluff（虚张声势）their way through ignorance.” That was news to me—I would need to find another way to structure my daily existence.J) She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.“John,” she almost whispered. I leaned in to hear her: “I can’t hear you when you shout at me.” So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writing improved.K) Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I missed something important in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps the point of writhing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish. Whitman repeatedly reworked“song of Myself”between 1855 and 1891. Repeatedly. We do our absolute best with a piece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.47. The author’s mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.48. A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can’t produce anything.50. The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as“flawless”.51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.52. The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.53. The criticism the author received from his mother changed his asa person.54. The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.55. Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improvehis writing.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping－where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters，like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼) of an eye Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that mattersBut I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone of an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as pebble (鹅卵石). Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.56. What is happening to the walletA) It is disappearing.????? C) it is becoming costly.B) It is being fattened.???? D) It is changing in style.57. How are business transactions done in big modern storesA) Individually.??????????? C) In the abstract.B) Electronically.?????????? D) Via a cash register.58. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadaysA) Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B) The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C) Earning money is getting more difficult.D) Spending money is so fast and easy.59. Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the walletA) It represents a change in the modern world.B) It has something to do with everybody’s life.C) It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D) It is the concern of contemporary economists.60.What can we infer from the passage about the authorA)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He fells insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Everybody sleeps,but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.From data collected,it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep,on average,are sporting events,time changes,and holidays.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 am.Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans’ late nights late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球）final.The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）, The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to recordtheir sleep patterns, in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking, If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eyelevels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing61. What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits???? A) They are culture-related??????????????????? C)They change with the seasons.B) They affect people’s health.???????????? D)They vary from person to person.62.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleepA) They don’t fall asleep until very late.B) They don’t sleep much on weekends.C) They get less sleep on public holidays.D) They sleep longer than people elsewhere.63.What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleepA) The daylight savings time.B) The colorful night life.C) The World Cup.D) The summertime.64.What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patternsA) They have trouble falling asleep.B) They want to get sufficient sleep.C) They are involved in a sleep research.D) They want to go to bed on regular hours.65.? What does the author imply in the last paragraphA) Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.C) It is important to study our sleep patterns.D) Average people probably sleep less than the rich.选词填空：36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.37. F. decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，"for the first time in the two decades", 二十年来头一次。

2016下半年英语四级完形填空试题及答案解析101.A.denied B.reproduced C.replaced D.ridiculed2.A.means B.mean C.types D.kinds3.A.hardly B.nearly C.certainly D.somehow4.A.personal B.personnel C.manual D.artificial5.A.buy B.sell C.race D.see6.A.quickly B.regularly C.rapidly D.recently7.A.on B.in C.before D.after8.A.raising B.making C.reducing D.improving9.A.unusual B.smallest C.average D.biggest10.A.slower B.equal C.faster D.less11.A.bringing B.obtain C.bought D.purchasing12.A.part B.half C.number D.quality13.A.clearly B.proportionallyC.percentageD.suddenly14.A.income B.work C.plans D.debtsed B.spent C.cost D.needed16.A.months B.years C.family D.year17.A.famous B.superior C.fastest D.better18.A.running B.notice C.influence D.affect19.A.then B.as C.so D.which20.A.to B.in C.of D.forCloze Test 171.【答案】C【解析】本句意为：汽车取代了马，成为日常交通工具。

2016英语专业四级真题及答案2016年英语专业四级考试（听写）答案Part 1DictationThink Positively and Feel PositivelyAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? Do you react positively or negatively? The answer may depend in part on whom you are around.A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. They measured each roommate’s tendency towards nega tive thinking. It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves and students with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive as well.2016年英语专业四级考试（听力）答案1.D.procedure2.A.job3.C.presentationpany5.B.11 thursday6.C.Handle7.A.increased 6 to8.B.first9.D.withdraw10.A.charitable2016年英语专业四级考试（语言知识）答案PART III LANGUGAGE KNOWLEDGE11-30 :A D A D B D B A B C A D A B A C D B D C2016年英语专业四级考试（完形填空）答案31-40: H L I E D K O C M G2016年英语专业四级考试（阅读理解）答案PART V READING COMPREHENSION41-50: BADBD ADCBD51.Keep wits together in the presence of that food.52.The author was given the million-pound bank-note.53.It symbolizes peace and unity.54.Meeting basic needs and making low-paid work.55.Good things will happen by taking care of the present.2016年英语专业四级考试（作文）答案When it comes to whether parents should take their children to spend holidays during term-time, views on the issue vary from person toperson. Parents claim that by doing so, they can save a lot of money born of busy school holidays. Educational officials strongly oppose this tendency on the ground that it encourages truancy, which i n turn damages a child’s education. From my perspective, the merits of banning term-time holidays outweigh its demerits.To begin with, taking tough measures on this kind of truancy is conducive to the normal teaching process, one of the key elements to guarantee kid’s academic performance. As we know, currently, teachers have the discretion to approve a certain time of absence from school for each child, which is supposed to be for illness and is not supposed to be granted for holidays. By definitely abo lishing the right of head teachers to “authorize absence” from the classroom, those teachers can rarely be pestered by parents who want to take children to go on a holiday just to save money, which severely disrupts teaching process. What ‘s more, without strict penalties imposed on the parents who lead to their kid’s playing truant, those parents can gradually view asking for holiday leave as a right. Once this cultural expectation is formed, the level of truancy will dramatically increase.Accordingly, the growing trend of term-time holidays should be banned with no delay. In this way, teachers can impart knowledge without disturbance and parents will be deterred from saving money at the expense of sacrificing their kid’s education.。

2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案Part I DICTATIONThink Positive and Feel PositiveAre you con fide nt or in secure in a difficult situati on? / Do you react positively or negatively? / The answer may depend in part on whom you ' re around. / A study found that n egative thinking can be con tagious in some cases. / For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate ' s tendency towards n egative thi nking. / It was found that thi nking patter ns can be con tagious. / Stude nts with a n egative thi nki ng roommate became more depressed themselves, / and stude nts with more positive thi nking roommates / were more likely to become more positive as well.Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1. success2. challe nging sett ings3. National Spelling Contest4. passi on and persevera nee5. future a reality6. maratho n7. grittier8. measures of tale nt9. not fixed / cha ngeable10. a temporary con diti onSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1. Why does the woma n call the man?答案： [D ] To tell the man the procedure of the in terview.2. What ki nd of questi on s can the man ask in the in terview? 答案： [A] Questions related to the job.3. Which is the last part of the in terview?答案： [C] Presentation from the interviewee.4. What might be expected from the man ' io卩?esentat答案： [D] Company future and his contribution.5. When is the in terview scheduled? 答案：[B] 11 a.m. next Thursday.6. What is the in terview mainly about?答案： [C] How to handle the problem of college loans.7. How does the cost of college educati on cha nge every year?答案：[A] It was in creased by 6 to 8%.8. What is used to measure stude nt loa n debt as a guideli ne?答案： [B] First year salary after graduation.9. What is the adva ntage of jo ining a college sav ings pla n?答案： [D] Students withdraw without paying tax.10. What is the possible social cost of a college loa n?答案： [A] Givi ng up charitable or volun teer work.Part III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE11. How can I concen trate if you ___ continually ____ me with silly questi ons?答案：[A] have...interrupted12. Among the four senten ces below, Sentence ____ expresses the highest degree of possibility.答案： [D] It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker tha n ___ in the class.答案：[A] any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, ____ ?答案：[D] did they15. I can ' t put up with _______ .答案：[B] that friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of _____in primary schools in the past fewyears.答案：[D] men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve ____ .答案：[B] mentioning18. The audie nee ____ excited on see ing _____ favorite star glide onto the stage.答案：[A] were...their19. ___ your advice, I would have made the wrong decisi on.答案：[B] Had it not been for20. The sentence I wish I had bee n more careful in spe nding money expresses thespeaker' s ____ .答案：[C] regret21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown ' s body, seeking to ____ t he family and com mun ity there would be a thorough inv estigati on into his death.答案：[C] assure22. The police departme nt came un der strong criticism for both the death of anun armed man and its han dli ng of the ___ .答案：[D] aftermath23. The Foreig n Secretary tried to ____ doubts about his han dli ng of the crisis.答案：[A] dispel24. Mutual funds are thus best for in vestors who don thettwan t dcB t adestocks in detail or who _____ the resources to build a portfolio.答案：[B] lack25. Chris ran ____ Joh n at a sport in g-goods trade show and the two quickly struck____ a n easy rapport.答案：[A] into...up26. “I am leav ing the country soohe told a __ convened group of reporters.答案：[C] specially27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on exte nding the ____ ceasefire by an extra24 hours un til Tuesday at midni ght.答案：[D] temporary28. ____ t o unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time onyour own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arran geme nt by keep ing a very regular schedule for several weeks.答案：[B] Prior29. If you are an athlete, strong abdo minal muscles help you en sure a strong back and freedom from injury duri ng ____ upper-body moveme nt.答案：[D] vigorous30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark ' s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is throw n back to sea.答案：[C] practicePart IV CLOZE31. [H ]l ists32. [L ]shaped33. [I ]promulgated34. [E]gen erati ons35. [D ]d issem inated36. [K ]scant37. [O]virtual38. [C]directly39. [M]sophisticated40. [G]in steadPart V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE41. In Para. 1, the phrase “set my feet ” probably.means 答案：B. prepare me42. It can be con cluded from Para. 2 that ______ .答案：A. the man wan ted to ma in ta in dig nity though starved43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more ______ towards the effect of theone-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger. 答案：D. positivePASSAGE TWO44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?答案：B. Popular Peace Symbols.45. The rain bow represe nts the conn ecti on betwee n huma n beings and their gods in allthe followi ng coun tries EXCEPT _____ .答案：D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was ofte n hung in doorways to indicate ____ .答案：A. friendship47. The orig in of the ankh can date back to _____ .答案：D. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE48. What is the author ' s attitude towards Clinton ' sepToposal to welfa答案：A. Pessimistic.49. It can be in ferred from Para. 7 that optimum pen alties are ____ to theun derclass.答案：B. useless50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?答案：D. Disease of Despair.SECTION BSHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS 说明：这部分答案不唯一，意思对了即可。

2016英语专业四级真题与题解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2016)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work. SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear two conversations. At the end of the conversion, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. To tell the man that he has been shortlisted for interview.B. To ask the man a few questions about his interview.C. To tell the man the procedure of the interview.D. To explain to the man how to make a presentation.2. A. Questions related to the job.B. General questions about himself.C. Specific questions about his CV.D. Questions about his future plan.3. A. Questions from the interviewers.B. Questions from the interviewee.C. Presentation from the interviewee.D. Requests from the interviewee.4. A. Educational and professional background.B. Problems he has faced and solved.C. Major successes in his career so far.D. Company future and his contribution.5. A. 11 a.m., next Tuesday.B. 11 a.m., next Thursday.C. 9 a.m., this Tuesday.D. 9 a.m., this Thursday.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. How college students pay for their education.B. How to handle the problem of college loans.C. The disadvantage of college loans.D. Government financing in college education.7. A. It has increased by 6 to 8%.B. It has increased by 8 to 10%.C. It has decreased by 6 to 8%.D. It has decreased by 8 to 10%.8. A. Student’s family income.B. First year salary after graduation.C. A fixed amount of 30, 000 dollars.D. Payment in the next ten years.9. A. Students can borrow money first.B. Students pay no tax on savings.C. Students pay less tax after graduation.D. Students withdraw without paying tax.10. A. Giving up charitable or volunteer work.B. Neglecting their study at college.C. Giving up further education.D. Neglecting high salary in job-seeking.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN] There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.11. How can I concentrate if you __________ continually __________ me with silly questions?A. have… interruptedB. had… interruptedC. are… interruptingD. were… interrupting12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence __________ express the highest degree of possibility.A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem.C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem.D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker than __________ in the class.A. all the girlsB. the other boysC. other any girlD. any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, __________?A. did theyB. did heC. didn’t theyD. did one15. I can’t put up with __________.A. that friend of youB. that friend of yoursC. the friend of youD. the friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of __________ in primary schools in past few years.A. man teacherB. men teacherC. man teachersD. men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve __________.A. mentioningB. being mentionedC. to mentionD. for mention18. The audience __________ excited on seeing__________ favorite star glide onto the stage.A. were… itsB. were… theirC. was… theirD. was… one’s19. __________ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.A. Hadn’t it been forB. Had it not been forC. Had it been forD. Had not it been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money express the speaker’s __________.A. hopeB. joyC. regretD. relief21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown’s body, seeking to __________ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into his death.A. ensureB. assureC. insureD. ascertain22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed and its handling of the __________.A. consequenceB. outcomeC. resultD. aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to __________ doubts about his handling of the crisis.A. dispelB. expelC. repelD. quell24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don’t want to take the time to study stocks indetail or who __________ the resources to build a portfolio.A. depriveB. lackC. yearnD. attain25. Chris ran __________ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck__________ an easy rapport.A. into…upB. on…intoC. across…onD. against…into26. “I’m leaving the country soon,” he told a __________ convened group of reporters.A. especiallyB. particularlyC. speciallyD. specifically27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the __________ ceasefire by an extra 24hours until Tuesday at midnight.A. contemporaryB. makeshiftC. spontaneousD. temporary28. __________ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on yourown, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.A. DueB. PriorC. RelatedD. Thanks29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedomfrom injury during __________upper-body movement.A. valiantB. variableC. vigorousD. vigilant30. Finning is a cruel __________ in which the shark’s fins are lopped off, and the live shark isthrown back to sea.A. realityB. truthC. skillD. practicePART IV CLOZE [10 MIN] Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word onImagine a world without writing. Obviously there would be no books: no novels, no encyclopedias, no cookbooks, no textbooks, no telephone books, no scriptures, no diaries, no travel guides. There would be no ball-points, no typeswriters, no computers, no Internet, no magazines, no movie credits, no shopping lists, no newspapers, no tax returns. But such__________ (31) of subjects almost miss the point. The world we live in has been indelibly marked by the written word,__________ (32) by the technology of writing over thousands of years. Ancient kings proclaimed their authority and__________ (33) their laws in writing. Scribes administered great empires by writing, their knowledge of recording and retrieving information essential to governing complex societies. Religious traditions were passed on through __________ (34), and spread to others, in writing. Scientific and technological progress was achieved and __________ (35) through writing. Accounts in trade and commerce could be kept because of writing. Nearly every step of civilization has been mediated through writing. A world without writing would bear __________ (36) resemblance to the one we now live in. Writing is a __________ (37) necessity to the societies anthropologists call civilizations. A civilization is distinguished from other societies by the complexity of its social organization, by its construction of cities and large public buildings, and by the economic specialization of its members, many of whom are not __________ (38) involved in food procurement or production.A civilization, with its taxation and tribute systems, its trade, and its public works, requires a __________ (39) system of record keeping. And so the early civilizations of Egypt, China, and (probably) India all developed a system of writing. Only the Peruvian civilization of the Incas and their predecessors did not use writing but __________ (40) invented a system of keeping records on knotted color-coded strings known as quipu.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN] SECTION A MUTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)When I was twenty-seven years old, I was a mining-broker’s clerk in San Francisco, and an expert in all the details of stock traffic, I was alone in the world, and had nothing to depend upon but my wits and a clean reputation; but these were setting my feet in the road to eventual fortune, and I was content with the prospect. My time was my own after the afternoon board, Saturdays, and I was accustomed to putting it in on a little sail-boat on the bay. One day I ventured too far, and was carried out to sea. Just at nightfall, when hope was about gone, I was picked up by a small ship which was bound for London. It was a long and stormy voyage, and they made me work my passage without pay, as a common sailor. When I stepped ashore in London my clothes were ragged and shabby, and I had only a dollar in my pocket. This money fed and sheltered me twenty-four hours. During the next twenty-four I went without food and shelter.(2)About ten o’clock on the following morning, dirty and hungry, I was dragging myself along Portland Place, when a child that was passing, towed by a nurse-maid, tossed a big pear——minus one bite——into the gutter. I stopped, of course, and fastened my desiring eye on that muddy treasure. My mouth watered for it, my stomach craved it, my whole being begged for it. But every time I made a move to get it some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent and pretended that I hadn’t been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn’t get the pear.(3)I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me was raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying: “ Step in here, please.”(4)I was admitted by a man servant, and shown into a sumptuous room where a couple of elderly gentlemen were sitting. They sent away the servant, and made me sit down. They had just finished their breakfast, and the sight of the remains of it almost overpowered me. I could hardly keep my wits together in the presence of that food, but as I was not asked to sample it,I had to bear my trouble as best as I could.(5)Now, something had been happening there a little before, which I did not know anything about until a good many days afterwards, but I will tell you about it now. Those two old brothers had been having a pretty hot argument a couple of days before, and had ended by agreeing to decide it by a bet, which is the English way of settling everything.(6)You will remember that the Bank of England once issued two notes of a million pounds each, to be used for a special purpose connected with some public transaction with a foreign country. For some reason or other only one of these had been used and canceled; the other still lay in the vaults of the Bank. Well, the brothers, chatting along, happened to get to wondering what might be the fate of a perfectly honest and intelligent stranger who should be turned adrift in London without a friend, and with no money but that million-pound bank-note, and no way to account for his being in possession of it. BrotherA said he would starve to death; BrotherB said he wouldn’t. Brother A said he couldn’t offer it at a bank or anywhere else, because he would be arrested on the spot. So they went on disputing till Brother B said he would bet twenty thousand pounds that the man would live thirty days, anyway, on that million, and keep out of jail, too. Brother A took him up. Brother B went down to the Bank and bought that note. Then he dictated a letter, which one of his clerks wrote out in a beautiful round hand, and then the two brothers sat at the window a whole day watching for the right man to give it to.(7)I finally became the pick of it.41. In Para. 1, the phrase “set my feet” probably means __________.A. put me asideB. start my journeyC. prepare meD. let me walk42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that __________.A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starvedB. the man could not get a proper chance to eat the pearC. The man did not really want the pear since it was dirtyD. it was very difficult for the man to get the pear43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more __________ towards the effect of theone-million-pound bank-note on a total strange.A. neutralB. negativeC. reservedD. positivePASSAGE TWO(1)The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about how we greet people. In some language, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons --- that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Let’s look at a few of them.The dove(2)The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war.(3)There was a tradition in Europe that if dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art, the dove was used to symbolized the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ’s head.(4)But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949.The rainbow(5)The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God had forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment, representing the possibility of a better world in the future andpromising sunshine after rain.Mistletoe(6)This plant was sacred in many cultures, generally representing peace and love. Most people know of the tradition of kissing under the mistletoe at Christmas time, which probablycomes from Scandinavian mythology. The goddess Freya’s son was killed by an arrow made of mistletoe, so, in honour of him, she declared that it would always be a symbol of peace. It was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship.(7)The ancient Druids believed that hanging mistletoe in your doorway could protect you from evil spirits. Tribes would stop fighting for a period of time if they found a tree with mistletoe. But you will never see mistletoe in a Christian church - it is banned because of its associations with pagan religion and superstition.The olive branch(8)The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympics Games, and the winners were given crowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit, so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol.The ankh(9)The ankh is an ancient symbol which was adopted by the hippie movement in the 1960s to represent peace and love. It was found in many Asian cultures, but is generally associated with ancient Egypt. It represented life and immortality. Egyptians were buried with an ankh, so that they could continue to live in the “afterworld”. The symbol was also found along the sides of the Nile, which gave life to the people. They believed that the ankh could control the flow of the river and make sure that there was always enough water.44.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Concept of Peace.B. Origin of Peace Symbols.C. Popular Peace Symbols.D. Cultural Difference of Peace.45.The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in all thefollowing countries EXCEPT __________.A. SwedenB. GreeceC. FinlandD. China46.In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate __________.A. friendshipB. loveC. kinshipD. honour47.The origin of the ankh can date back to __________.A. the NileB. the “afterword”C. the hippie movementD. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE(1)Two sides almost never change: That you can manipulate people into self-sufficiency and that you can punish them into good citizenship.(2)The first manifests itself in our tireless search for the magical level at which welfare grants are big enough to meet basic needs but small enough to make low-paid work attractive. The second has us looking to the criminal justice system to cure behavior that is as much as anything the result of despair.(3)The welfare example is well known. We don’t want poor people to live in squalor or their children to be malnourished. But we also don’t want to subsidize the indolence of people who are too lazy to work. The first impulse leads us to provide housing, food stamps, medical care and a cash stipend for families in need. The second gets us to think about “workforce”. (4)We’ve been thinking about it for two reasons: the “nanny” problems of two high-ranking government officials (who hired undocumented foreigners as household helpers, presumably because they couldn’t find Americans to do the work) and President Clinton’s proposal to put a two-year limit on welfare.(5)Maybe something useful will come of Clinton’s idea, but I’m not all that hopeful. It looks to me like one more example of trying to manipulate people into taking care of themselves.(6)On the criminal justice side, we hope to make punishment tough enough to discourage crime but not so tough as to clog our prisons with relatively minor offenders. Too short a sentence, we fear, will create contempt for the law. Too long a sentence will take up costly space better used for the violent and unremorseful.(7)Not only can we never find the “perfect” punishment, our search for optimum penalties is complicated by our desire for fairness: to let the punishment fit the crime. The problem is that almost any punishment --- even the disgrace of being charged with a crime --- is sufficient to deter the middle class, while for members of the underclass, probation may be translated as “I beat it”.(8)So how can you use the system --- welfare or criminal justice --- to produce the behavior we want? The answer, I suspect is: You can’t.(9)We keep trying to use welfare and prison to change people --- to make them think and behave the way we do --- when the truth is the incentives work only for those who already think the way we do: who view today’s action with an eye on the future.(10)We will take lowly work (if that is all that’s available) because we believe we can make bad jobs work for us. We avoid crime not because we are better people but because we see getting caught as a future-wrecking disaster. We are guided by a belief that good things will happen for us in the future if we take proper care of the present. Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives.(11)And we have trouble understanding that not everybody believes as we believe. The welfare rolls, the prison and the mean street of our cities are full of people who have given up on their future. Without hope for the future, hard work at a low-paid job makes no sense. Working hard in school, or pleasing a boss, or avoiding pregnancy makes no sense. The deadly disease is hopelessness. The lawlessness and poverty are only the obvious symptoms.(12)I’m not advocating that we stop looking for incentives to move poor people toward self-sufficiency or that we stop punishing people for criminal behavior. There will always be some people who need help and some who deserve to be in jail.(13)All I’m saying is that the long-term answer both to welfare and the crime that plagues our communities is not to fine tune the welfare and criminal justice systems but to prevent our children from getting the disease of despair.(14)If we encourage our young people to believe in the future, and give them solid evidence for believing, we’ll find both crime and poverty shrinking to manageable proportions.48. What is the author’s attitude towards Clinton’s proposal to welfare?A. Pessimistic.B. Optimistic.C. Suspicious.D. Sarcastic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penalties are __________ to the underclass.A. uselessB. hopelessC. frighteningD. humiliating50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Lawlessness and Poverty.B. Criminal Justice System.C. Welfare Grants.D. Disease of Despair.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.In Para. 4, what does the man mean by saying “I had to bear my trouble”?52.What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage?PASSAGE TWO53.Why does the UN use the olive branch in its symbol?PASSAGE THREE54.According to the author, what balance should we keep in welfare?55.What does the author mean by saying “Even under the worst of circumstances, we believewe are in control of our lives” (Para. 10)?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN] Read carefully the following excerpt on term-time holiday arguments in the UK, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:·summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then·comment on whether parents should take children out of school for holiday during termtime in order to save money.You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.A. The kind of people suitable for the trip.B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers.C. Recruitment of people for the trip.D. Preparation for the trip to Mars......Conversation TwoWrite your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.——THE END ——ANSWER SHEET 1(反⾯)PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONWhat is Grit?My questionsW hy isn’t I.Q. the only difference between students?What is the key to(1) ______? (1)______ My Researchinvestigation of all kinds of (2)______: including: (2)______ — West Point Military Academy—(3) _______ (3)______ —private companiesMy finding: grit as predictor of successGrit is(4) ______ for a very long-term goals (4)______ Grit is working hard for years to make (5)______ (5)______ Grit is living your life like a(6) _____ (6)______ My surveyHigh school juniors took grit questionnaires(7)______ kids were more likely to graduate (7)_____ Grit-buildinglittle is known about how to build grit in studentsdata show grit is unrelated to (8)_______ (8)____ growth mindset is the belief that the ability to learn is (9) _______ (9)____ kids with grit believe failure is(10) ______ (10)____ ConclusionWe need to be gritty about getting our kinds grittier.TEM 4 SCRIPTPARTⅠDICTATIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Now listen to the passage.Are you confident or insecure in a difficult situation?Do you react positively or negatively?The answer may depend in part on whom you are around.A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases.For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates.They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking.It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious.Students with a negative-thinking roommate became more depressed themselves. And students with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive as well.The second and third readings. You should begin writing now.The last reading.Now, you have two minutes to check through your work. (a two-minute interval)That is the end of PartⅠDictation.2016年4级听写评分标准THINK POSITIVE AND FEEL POSITIVE（标题忽略不计）第⼀组：Are you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? /Do you react positively or negatively? /The answer may depend in part on whom you're around. /A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases./For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / (45words)第⼆组：They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. /Students with a negative-thinking roommate became more depressed themselves. / And students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likely to become more positive as well.(43words)1.听写共分10⼩节：每节1分，每组评阅五句，每五句为⼀段。

2016下半年英语四级完形填空试题及答案解析5Most institutions provide courses which 8 new students to develop the skills they need to be 9 listeners and note-takers. 10 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 11 learners to practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is important to 13 the problem 14 actually starting your studies.It is important to 15 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 16 in college study.One way of 17 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the 18year.Another basic 19 is to find a study partner 20 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.1.A.extending B.illustrating C.performingD.conducting2.A.attributing B.contributing C.distributingD.explaining3.A.assignments rmation C.contentD.definition4.A.suspects B.understands C.wonders D.convinces5.A.without B.with C.on D.except6.A.what B.those C.as D.which7.A.teachers B.classmates C.partners D.students8.A.prevent B.require C.assist D.forbid9.A.effective B.passive C.relative D.expressive10.A.Because B.Though C.Whether D.If11.A.enable B.stimulate C.advocate D.prevent12.A.independently B.repeatedlyC.logicallyD.generally13.A.evaluate B.acquaint C.tackle D.formulate14.A.before B.after C.while D.for15.A.predict B.acknowledgeC.argueD.ignore16.A.to require B.required C.requiring D.are required17.A.preventing B.withstandingC.sustainingD.overcoming18.A.average B.ordinary C.normal D.academic19.A.statement B.strategy C.situation D.suggestion20.A.in that B.for which C.with whom D.such asCloze Test 5答案1.【答案】B【解析】将第1，2，3题通盘考虑。

2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案2016年英语专业四级考试参考答案Part I DICTATIONThink Positive and Feel PositiveAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? / Do you react positively or negatively? / The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around. / A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. / For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. / Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves, / and students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likely to become more positive as well.Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1. success2. challenging settings3. National Spelling Contest4. passion and perseverance5. future a reality6. marathon7. grittier8. measures of talent9. not fixed / changeable10. a temporary conditionSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1.Why does the woman call the man?答案：［D］To tell the man the procedure of the interview.2.What kind of questions can the man ask in the interview?答案：［A］Questions related to the job.3.Which is the last part of the interview?答案：［C］Presentation from the interviewee.4. What might be expected from the man’s presentat ion?答案：［D］Company future and his contribution.5. When is the interview scheduled?答案：［B］11 a.m. next Thursday.6.What is the interview mainly about?答案：［C］How to handle the problem of college loans.7.How does the cost of college education change every year?答案：［A］It was increased by 6 to 8%.8.What is used to measure student loan debt as a guideline?答案：［B］First year salary after graduation.9.What is the advantage of joining a college savings plan?答案：［D］Students withdraw without paying tax.10.What is the possible social cost of a college loan?答案：［A］Giving up charitable or volunteer work.Part III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE11. How can I concentrate if you_____ continually_____ me with silly questions?答案：［A］have...interrupted12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence _____ expresses the highest degree of possibility.答案：［D］It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class.答案：［A］any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, _____?答案：［D］did they15. I can’t put up with _____.答案：［B］that friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of _____ in primary schools in the past few years.答案：［D］men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve _____ .答案：［B］mentioning18. The audience _____ excited on seeing _____ favorite star glide onto the stage.答案：［A］were...their19. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.答案：［B］Had it not been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the spe aker’s _____ .答案：［C］regret21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown’s body, seeking to_____ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into his death.答案：［C］assure22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed man and its handling of the _____.答案：［D］aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to _____ doubts about his handling of the crisis.答案：［A］dispel24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don’t want to take the time to study stocks in detail or who _____ the resources to build a portfolio.答案：［B］lack25. Chris ran _____ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck _____ an easy rapport.答案：［A］into...up26. “I am leaving the country soon,” he told a _____ convened group of reporters.答案：［C］specially27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the _____ ceasefire by an extra 24 hours until Tuesday at midnight.答案：［D］temporary28. _____ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on your own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.答案：［B］Prior29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _____ upper-body movement.答案：［D］vigorous30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark’s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.答案：［C］practicePart IV CLOZE31. ［H］lists32. ［L］shaped33. ［I］promulgated34. ［E］generations35. ［D］disseminated36. ［K］scant37. ［O］virtual38. ［C］directly39. ［M］sophisticated40. ［G］insteadPart V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE41. In Pa ra. 1, the phrase “set my feet” probably means _______.答案：B. prepare me42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that _______.答案：A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starved43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more_______towards the effect of the one-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger.答案：D. positivePASSAGE TWO44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?答案：B. Popular Peace Symbols.45. The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in all the following countries EXCEPT_______.答案：D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate_______.答案：A. friendship47. The origin of the ankh can date back to_______.答案：D. ancient EgyptPASSAGE THREE48. What is the author’s attitude towards Clinton’s proposal to welfa re?答案：A. Pessimistic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penalties are_______to the underclass.答案：B. useless50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?答案：D. Disease of Despair.SECTION BSHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS说明：这部分答案不唯一，意思对了即可。

大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2016下半年英语四级完形填空试题及答案解析13•【新东方】四六级秋季定制班！权师助你高分过关>>>点击免费试听！Today, most countries in the world have canals.Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 1 the coast.Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 2 of transport.These3 make it possible for boats to travel4 ports along the coast without being5 to the dangers of the open.Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter.Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not7 on the coast, still other canals8 landsswheresthere is too much water, help to9 fields wherethere is not enough water, and 10 water power for factories and mills.The size of a canal 11 on the kind of boats going throughit.The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each othereasily.It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal.When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was criss-crossed by a 15 of strange blue-green lines.These were called“canals”16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane.However, scientists are now 18that the Martian phenomena are really notcanals.The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martia “canals”.1.A.off B.with C.to D.by2.A.way B.means C.method D.approach3.A.waterways B.waterfronts C.channels D.paths4.A.among B.between C.in D.to5.A.revealed B.exposed C.opened D.shown6.A.trip B.journey C.voyage D.routein B.stationed C.set D.located8.A.escape B.drain C.dry D.leak9.A.water B.wet C.soak D.irrigate10.A.furnish B.afford C.offer D.give11.A.focuses B.bases C.depends D.takes12.A.cross B.pass C.move D.advance13.A.down B.below C.beneath D.off14.A.studied B.researched C.surveyed D.observed15.A.few B.number C.deal D.supply16.A.although B.because C.so D.if17.A.that B.where C.when D.as18.A.exact B.definite C.certain D.decisive19.A.held B.taken C.got D.developed20.A.find B.expose C.uncover D.discoverCloze Test 201.【答案】C【解析】parallel to“与……平行”，固定搭配。