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第二讲：冠词一、冠词的概念（什么是冠词?）冠词是放在名词前用来帮助说明名词含义的词。
二、冠词的分类注意：a用于以辅音发音开头的单词或字母前，an用于以元音发音开头的单词或字母前。
如：a bus, a boy, an eye, an apple但用a还是用an取决于单词的第一个发音，而不是字母。
如：an hour, a uniform1. 不定冠词的用法(1) 相当于数量词one。
如: There is twelve months in a year.(2) 表示一类人或物如：A horse is an animal.(3) 表示一类人或物中的某一个如：I met a girl at the gate yesterday.(4) 用于某些固定词组或短语中。
如：a little, a few, have a cold, go for a walk2. 定冠词的用法(1) 表示前面提到过的人或事物。
如: I saw a girl yesterday. The girl was very beautiful.(2) 特指双方都明白的人或物。
如: Who is the boy?Give me the book.(3) 用于世上独一无二的事物前。
如：The sun is bigger than the earth.(4) 与单数可数名词连用，表示一类人或物。
如: The cat is a lovely animal.(5) 用于形容词最高级前。
如：He is the tallest boy in our class.(6) 用于序数词前如：I live on the second floor.(7) 用于乐器前。
如：He plays the piano very well.(8)用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇。
如：The Smiths are watching TV.(9) 用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。
第2讲冠词和介词[全国卷考情分析]考点一不定冠词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·日照联考)Many people may think the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum, is outstanding and oldfashioned museum.an[考查冠词。
根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词；又因为空后单词“outstanding〞的发音以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。
]2．(2019·某某长郡中学检测)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet.a[考查冠词。
空后的banquet为可数名词，表示泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
]3．(2019·某某第一次教学质量检测)The Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area made up of the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, the Tianzishan mountain ranges, Baofenghu and the Suoxi Valley is very popular filming and tourist destination.a[考查冠词。
destination为可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。
]4．(2019·某某五个一名校联盟第二次考试)As you know, science playsvery important role in our education.a[考查冠词。
play an important role in...为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)〞，因为空后有发音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。
专题四第二讲限定词（一）在英语中，限定词与名词的关系最为密切，因为它必然是修饰某个名词，以限定名词所指的范围，对名词起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等限定修饰作用。
从名词短语的角度来看，限定词或者是直接放在一个名词的前面来修饰它，构成“限定词＋名词”这样的结构（如 the teacher），或者是在“限定词＋形容词＋名词”（如 the English teacher）这样的结构中来修饰名词。
一．限定词的位置关系根据限定词在名词前的位置关系，我们把限定词分为三类：前位限定词、中位限定词和后位限定词。
a、前位限定词前位限定词主要是用来说明名词的数量，主要有三种：1）表示倍数关系的数量形容词。
例如：1 half my salary 我工资的一半2 twice my salary 我工资的两倍2）表示几分之几的数词。
例如：1 one third my salary 我工资的三分之一2 two-thirds my salary 我工资的三分之二3）个体形容词：all 和both。
例如：1 all my salary 我全部的工资2 both my salaries 我的两份工资前位限定词一般互相排斥，不能共存。
比如不能说：1 all half my salary*2 half double her income*b、中位限定词1）冠词：the，an 和a。
（3 个）1.all the book 所有的书 2 half an hour 半小时2）指示形容词：this，that，these 和those。
（4 个）1 all these problems 所有这些问题2 twice that size 那个号码的两倍3）物主形容词：my，your，his，her，its，our 和their。
（7 个）1 all my money 我所有的钱2 all his money 他所有的钱4）名词属格：John's 和his father's 等。
其次讲冠词和介词一、冠词[语法规则再现](一)不定冠词的基本用法1．表示泛指某个人或事物。
Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract?你对成为一名音乐家并获得录制合同感爱好吗？2．用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。
My friend John is a handsome young man，a young man everyone likes to work with.我的挚友约翰是一个英俊的年轻人，一个每个人都喜爱与他共事的年轻人。
3．表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。
I remember he came here on a Sunday and left soon.我记得他在某个星期天来过，并且很快就离开了。
4．用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
He missed the gold medal in the high jump，but he will get a second chance in the long jump.他在跳高竞赛中没得到金牌，但是在跳远竞赛中他还有机会。
5．用在形容词的比较级前，表示“一个更……的”。
If we sit near the front of the bus，we'll have a better view.假如我们坐在公共汽车的前部，视野就会更好些。
6．用于物质名词或抽象名词详细化时。
物质名词或抽象名词仅表示概念时，是不行数名词，前面不加不定冠词。
但假如表示详细的人或事，特殊是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面可加不定冠词。
Tony is a famous pianist.I'm absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be a success.托尼是一位闻名的钢琴家，我非常确信这个星期天他的音乐会肯定会胜利。
第二讲：冠词配套练习Ⅰ.高考真题演练1. (2012全国II) He missed ___________ gold in the high jump, but will get ___________ second chance in the long jump.A. the; theB. 不填; aC. the; aD. a; 不填2. (2012安徽) Carl is studying ___________food science at college and hopes to open up ___________ meat processing factory of his own one day.A. /; aB. /; theC. the; aD. the; the3. (2012重庆) Sam has been appointed ___________ manager of the engineering department to take ___________ place of George.A./; /B. the; / C the; the D./; the4. (2012全国) Sarah looked at ___________ finished painting with ___________ satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a5. (2012山东) Being able to afford ___________ drink would be ___________ comfort in those tough times.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; 不填D. 不填; a6. (2012江西) The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ___________ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ___________ sea.A. /; aB. the; theC. /; theD. the; a7. (2012辽宁) I woke up with ___________ bad headache, yet by ___________ evening the pain had gone.A. the; theB. the; anC. a; theD. a; an8. (2012四川) We are said to be living in ___________ Information Age, ___________ time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. 不填; theC. 不填; aD. the; a9. (2012浙江) The development of industry has been ___________ gradual process throughout ___________ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填; theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a10.（2011山东）Take your time—it’s just ___________ short distance from here to ___________ restaurant.A.不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD.不填；a11.（2011全国II）As he reached ______ front door, Jack saw_____ strange sight.A. the; 不填B. a; theC.不填；aD. the; a12.（2011江西）—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ___________ year.—Right, he will also get paid by ___________ week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a13. (2011全国I) It is generally accepted that ___________boy must learn to stand up and fight like ___________man.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; 不填14.（2011浙江）Experts think that ___________ recently discovered painting may be ___________ Picasso.A. the ;不填B. a ;theC. a; 不填D. the; a15.（2011四川）Dr. Peter Spence, ___________ headmaster of the school, told us, “___________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge. ”A. 不填；AB. 不填；TheC. the; TheD. a; A16.（2011陕西）As is know to all, ___________ People’s Republic of China is ___________ biggest developing country in the world.A. the;不填B. 不填；theC. the；theD. 不填；不填17. （2011重庆）In communication, a smile is usually ___________ strong sign of a friendly and ___________ open attitude.A. the, /B. a, anC. a, /D. the, an18. （2010福建）It’s__________ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them__________ pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, aD. a, the19.（2010山东）If we sit near__________ front of the bus, we’ll have__________ better view.A. 不填；theB. 不填；aC. the; aD. the；the20. （2010江苏）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that__________ people from all walks of life are working hard for__________ new Jiangsu.A.不填；aB. 不填；theC. the；aD. the；the21.（2010辽宁）There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in __________ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto __________ earth.A. the; theB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the22.（2010北京）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __________ second chance to make __________ first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a23.（2010重庆）Everything comes with__________ price; there is no such __________ thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, /C. the, aD. a, /24.（2010浙江）Many lifestyle patterns do such __________ great harm to health that they actually speed up__________ weakening of the human body.A. a; /B. /; theC. a; theD. /; /25.（2010四川）In __________ most countries, a university degree can give you __________ flying start in life.A. the; aB. the; 不填C.不填; 不填D.不填; a26. (2009安徽) We can never expect __________ bluer sky unless we create __________ less polluted world.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the27. (2009江西) Some people fear that __________ air pollution may bring about changes in __________ weather around the world.A. /; theB. the; /C. an; theD. the; a28. (2009海南) Let’s go to__________ cinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for__________ whileA. the; theB. the; aC. a; theD. a ; a29. (2009陕西) What__________ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive__________ prize!A. a; aB. the; aC. a; theD. the; the30. (2009四川) In order to find __________ better job, he decided to study __________ second foreign language.A. the; aB. a; aC. the; theD. a; the31.(2009浙江) I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got __________ rough idea of __________ project plan.A. the; aB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the32. (2009重庆) Washing machines made by China have won __________ worldwide attention and Haier has become__________ popular name.A. a; theB. /; aC. /; theD. the; a33. (2009全国Ⅱ) What I need is__________ book that contains __________ ABC of oil painting.A. a; 不填B. the; 不填C. the; anD. a; theⅡ. 基础巩固练习1. __________terrible weather we’ve been having these days!A. How aB. What aC. HowD. What2. There’s __________ dictionary on __________ desk by your side.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; the3. An accident happened at __________ crossroads a few meters away from __________ bank.A. a; aB./; aC./; theD. the; /4.The warmth of __________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of __________ wool used.A. the; theB. the; /C./; theD./; /5.Mr.Li will give us __________ talk. __________ talk will begin at 8:00.A .a; The B. the; A C./; / D. a; A6. The sun gives us __________ heat and __________light.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD./; /7.—What do you need in dinner?—I need __________.A. a knife and a forkB. a knife and forkC. the knife and forkD. the knife and the fork8. __________ Mrs. Smith is waiting for you in your office.A. TheB.AC. OneD. An9. She’s on __________ People’s Daily.A. theB. anC. aD./10. __________ Wangs could not pay for __________ advanced education that their son needed.A. The; theB.A; aC. An; theD. The; an11.She is __________ newcomer to __________ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A. the; theB. the; aC. a; /D. a; the12.—Where is Jack?—I think he is still in __________bed，but he might be in __________ bathroom.A./; /B. the; theC. the; /D./; the13.I don’t like talking on __________ telephone; I prefer writing __________ letters.A. a; theB. a; /C. the; theD. the; /14.Many people are still in __________ habit of writing silly things in __________ public places.A. the; theB./; /C. the; /D./; the15.—If you don’t like the red coat，take the blue one.—OK，but do you have __________ size in blue? This one is a bit tight for me.A. a bigB. a biggerC. the bigD. the bigger16. I heard somebody playing __________ piano in __________ next room.A. a; aB. the; theC. a; theD. the; an17. __________ Pacific Ocean is __________ largest of all.A. The; aB./; theC. The; theD. A; /18. Great changes have taken place in __________ 1990’s.A./B. aC. theD. an19. Wouldn’t it be __________ wonderful world if all nations lived in __________ peace with one another?A. a; /B. the; /C. a; theD. the; the20.Alexander Graham Bell invented __________ telephone in 1876.A./B. aC. theD. one21.In 1864，Lincoln was elected __________ President of __________ United States for the second time.A. the; theB. a; aC./; theD./; /22.John is __________ university student.A./B. anyC. aD. an23.The table is made of __________.A. a woodB. some woodC. the woodD. wood24.We are going to learn __________ next week.A. Twelfth LessonB. The Twelfth LessonC. Twelve LessonD. The Twelve Lesson25.—I’d like__________ information about the management of your hotel，please.—Well，you could have __________word with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some; aB. an; someC. some; someD. an; a26.Paper money was in __________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ______ thirteenth century.A. the; /B. the; theC./; theD./; /27. Most animals have little connection with __________ animals of __________ different kind unless they kill them for food.A. the; aB./; aC. the; theD./; the28.Alice is fond of playing __________ piano while Henry is interested in listening to _____ music.A./; theB./; /C. the; / D .the; the29.Oh，John. __________ you gave us!A. How a pleasant surpriseB. How pleasant surpriseC. What a pleasant surpriseD. What pleasant surprise30. Jumping out of __________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite __________ exciting experience.A./; theB./; anC. an; anD. the; theⅢ. 高考模拟强化练习1. I knew __________ John Lennon, but not __________ famous one.A. / ；aB. a ；theC. / ；theD. the ；a2. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain__________ good knowledge of basic word formation.A. /B. theC. aD. one3. Jack had ___________feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in___________ school magazine.A.the；aB.a；theC.／；the D the；／4. Excuse me, I’m here to get my boarding pass.Can I have __________ seat next to __________window, please?A.the；aB.the；theC.a；theD.a；a5. The police said that___________ thief was a young man with___________ brown hair.A. the; aB. the;/C. a;/D. a; a6. As we know, the Potala Palace（布达拉宫）, ____________ combination of Tibetan construction art and culture, is considered ___________precious treasure of China.A.不填；aB.a; aC.the; theD.a;不填7.—I am at__________ loss at the moment. Can you help me?—That’s out of ___________ question. What can I do for you?A. a; /B. a; theC. /; aD./;the8.---What about __________ concert you attended last night?---To tell the truth, it was too boring, you know, __________ concert like that.A. the; theB. the; aC. a; theD. the; 不填9. The cakes are deliciou s. He’d like to have __________ third one because __________ second one is rather too small.A. a, aB. the, theC. a, theD. the, a10. ---Why not open the windows to let __________cool air in?---I’d rather you didn’t. __________air in our town is terribly polluted.A. a; TheB. /; TheC. /; /D. the; /答案第二讲：冠词Ⅰ.高考真题演练1. C 第一个空格是特指跳高的金牌，所以用the，第二个空在序数词前用不定冠词，表示“再；又”，a secondchance即“又一次机会”。
中考总温习第二讲冠词和数词冠词1、冠词分类及读法：英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。
分为定冠词the和不定冠词a/an。
2、不定冠词a / an的用法：不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音音素开头的词前面; an用在元音音素开头的词的前面。
补充：音素和音标英语国际音标共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
英语字母共有26个，其中有五个元音字母（a,e, i,o,u）和21个辅音字母。
不定冠词的大体用法：（1）表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。
如：There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。
)（2）表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。
如：An elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。
)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。
)（3）表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。
如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。
)（4）表示“一”那个数量。
如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
)（5）几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得高兴), have a cold(伤风), make a noise(发出喧闹声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。
3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面. 定冠词的大体用法：(1) 表示特指的人或事物。
语法知识盘点—冠词()1.I think it's really ________ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.(2013年杭州)A. a B．an C．the D．不填()2. Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers ________ second? (2013年兰州) A．the B．a C．/ D．an()3.—Does Heze have ________ airport? —No, but we can take ________ bus to Jinan or Zhengzhou.A．an; the B．an; a C．the; a D．a; a()4.It's a good habit to go to ________ bed early and get up early.(2013年丽水) A．a B．an C．the D．/ ()5.—Look! Who's ________ boy over there? —Oh, he is my cousin, Bob. He is ________ honest boy.A．a; the B．the; a C．the; an D．a; an()6.—Why did you laugh just now?—Ted wanted to tell us ________ very funny story, but he forgot ________ ending himself.A．a; an B．the; the C．the; a D. a; the()7.I think English is ________ useful language, and it's also ________ important language.(2014年宜宾)A. an; a B．a; an C．an; the D．a; the()8.—What ______ heavy rain it was! —Yes, but I love ______ air after it rains. It smells so fresh.A．the; a B．a; the C．the; the D．a; a()9.—Look! There is a monkey eating ______ apple in the tree. —En, ______ monkey is very cute.A. a; a B．a; the C．an; an D．an; the()10.We study five days ________ week and on Sundays we often play ________ football.A．a; the B．/; a C．an; a D．a; /()11.—Do you like _____ movie Big Hero 6? —Yes, it is ______ interesting film. I like it very much.A．a; an B．the; an C．a; the D．the; a()12.Some small shops in Britain usually close for ________ hour at ________ lunchtime.(2015年苏州) A．an; the B．a; / C．a; the D．an; /()13.—China is ________ Asian country with a long history. —So it is.(2015年十堰)A．a B．an C．/ D．the()14.Sun Wukong is ________ unusual monkey.(2015年孝感) A．a B．an C．the D．/()15.—I'm looking for ________ English book. Have you seen one?—Yes. I saw one just now on ________ desk over there.(2015年内江)A．/; the B．an; the C．the; a D．an; /()16.His uncle will give him ________ birthday present. It'll be wonderful.(2015年重庆A)A．a B．an C．the D．/()17.—Do you like ________ color of this coat? —Yes, I do. It looks nice.(2015年郴州)A．a B．an C．the()18.—Who is _____ girl in front of the library? —The one with ______ umbrella? She is our monitor.A．the; a B．the; an C．a; an D．a; the()19.Tong Liya is ________ famous actress who acted as a countrywoman in ________ 1970s in the TV show Ordinary World.(2015年连云港) A．a; / B．a; the C．the; the D．the; /()20.Jane is ________ 16-year-old high school student in ________ United States.(2015年菏泽) A．a; the B．the; a C．a; /()21.—Linda, have you heard ________ song Little Apple?—Is it the one Chopsticks Brothers sang last year? Maybe it's ________ most popular song in 2014.A．a; the B．the; the C．a; an D．the; a()22.Many people give away much money to ________ poor after the earthquake in Nepal.(2015年自贡) A．the B．a C．an()23.Mr.Smith is ________ old man and he usually walks his dog after ________ supper.(2015年河南) A．a; the B．an; a C．an; 不填D．the; 不填()24.The Whites have planned to visit ________ Great Wall in China.(2015年宜宾)A．the B．an C．a D．/()25.“Running Man” is ________ very popular TV program in China. One of ________ most famous actresses, Angelababy always appears in it.(2015年泰州) A．a; / B．the; the C．a; the D．the; / ()26.China, ________ home of tea, has ________ history of more than 4000 years.(2015年黄石) A．the; the B．a; a C．a; the D．the; a()27.—Does your father go to work by ______ car every day? —No, he sometimes takes _______ bus.A．a; the B．the; a C．/; a D．a; /()28.I have ________ English dictionary and it helps me a lot.(2015年六盘水) A．the B．a C．an D．/ ()29.At ________ age of 17, Guan Xiaotong played in the movie The Left Ear.(2015年宿迁)A．a B．an C．the D．/()30.Good news! We'll have ________ one-day holiday in order to celebrate the 70th anniversary (纪念日) of the victory in World War II.(2015年东营) A．a B．an C．the D．/()31.A: Did you solve ________ problem you were discussing at the meeting?B: No, we didn't. It was ________ difficult problem we had never met.(2015年遵义)A．the; the B．a; a C．the; a()32.This is ________ old street.It is called Liuzi Street.(2015年永州) A．a B．an C．the()33.—Have you ever played ________ football?—Yes. I did when I was little, but I haven't played for ________ while now.(2015年荆门)A．the; the B．the; a C．/; a D．/; the()34.It's ________ useless book to children. Put it into ________ left drawer and never read it.(2015年随州) A．a; the B．an; the C．a; a D．an; a()35.What ________ good news! Our school band (乐队) will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August.A．a B．the C．/()36.English is ________ useful subject. Everyone shouldn't give it up.(2015年绥化)A．a B．an C．the()37.Danny's grandmother is ill in ________ hospital. He'll go there to see her after school.(2015年白银) A．an B．the C．a D．/()38.—What do you know about kite surfing? —It is ________ exciting water sport.(2015年温州) A．a B．an C．the D．/()39.Lucy is ________ university student. She likes playing ________ piano.(2015年黔南)A．a; / B．a; the C．an; the D．an; /()40.The boy needs to get ________ X-ray because of the accident.(2015年广元) A．a B．an C．the ()41.I love singing and dancing. I want to be ________ actor in the future.(2015年云南)A．a B．an C．the D．/()42.—How was ________ dinner at Mike's house? —It was great. Mike is ________ wonderful cook.A．a; the B．the; a C．the; the D．/; a()43.My P.E. teacher often teaches us how to play ________ football.(2015年淮安) A．a B．an C．/ D．the ()44.I am going to ________ Australia for ________ important concert.(2015年茂名)A．/; an B．a; the C．a; /()45.Jack's hobby is to play ________ chess.(2015年青岛) A．a B．an C．the D．/()46.—Do you know when is ________ No Tabacco (烟草) Day? —It's May 31st.(2015年宜昌) A．an B．a C．the D．/()47.As we know, ________ sun rises from the east and sets from the west.(2015年原创)A．a B．an C．the D．/()48.I think young people should go down to ________ south in order to learn how to start their careers.A．a B．an C．the D．/()49.Xi Jinping, ________ president of the state, visited the USA and attended the 70th anniversary of the founding of the UN summit (联合国成立70周年系列峰会) in September, 2015.(2015年原创)A．the B．a C．an D．/()50.—Look! There are too many people at ________ doctor's.—What a pity! I'm afraid that we'll have to wait in ________ line.(2015年原创)A．an; the B．an; a C．the; / D．the; a第2讲1—5DBBDC 6—10DBBDD 11—15BDBBB 16—20ACBBA21—25BACAC26—30DCCCA 31—35CBCAC 36—40ADBBB 41—45BBCAD 46—50DCCDC。
