阅读理解事实细节题技巧点拨事实细节题题型特点Ø旨在考查考生对文章(或某一段落)中的一些特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力；Ø高考英语阅读理解中占比重最大的一类题型。
细节题的分类1. 直接事实题。
答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。
这种属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例极少。
2. 间接事实题这类题需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
它又可分为：间接事实题的类型1）语言转述思考型。
答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。
这种属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。
2）语意理解型。
答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，考生需要通过对上、下文进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。
这种属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例很大。
3）是非辨别型。
这是一类综合事实细节理解题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。
4）事实排序型。
这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节理解题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事情发生、发展的正确顺序。
实战演练报纸四版文章：UKdriving test (P4)IN the UK, the number of young people taking their driving test has fallen by over 250,000 since 2005/06. There are several reasons for this, including the tough financial climate. With prices, university fees and unemployment rising, young people are watching what they spend. Learning to drive and running a car is often considered too expensive. But for those who do decide to learn, here’s what is involved…2. What has discouraged young people in the UK from learning to drive?A. Regulations at universities.B. The increasing number of road accidents.C. The fact that learning to drive costs a lot of money.D. The fact that the driving test has become harder to pass.【答案】2. C。
间接事实细节题——语言转述思考型。
由第一段的“With prices, university fees and unemployment rising, young people are watching what they spend. Learning to drive and running a car is often considered too expensive.”可知和C选项“The fact that learning to drive costs a lot of money”表达的意思一样。
其中A、B、D都属于无中生有的选项。
报纸五版文章：Magic of misdirection (P5)（最后一段）Magicians employ this tactic (招数), what they call “misdirection”, in almost every one of their acts. They direct our attention somewhere else using comedy and music, which can make us miss stuff during the performance.4. Why do magicians usually use comedy and music when they play magic tricks?A. To get viewers to stay focused on the show.B. To make the show more fun and exciting.C. To draw viewers’ attention away from a secret action.D. To create information gaps between magicians and viewers.【答案】4. C。
间接事实细节题——语言转述思考型由最后一段的“They direct our attention somewhere else using comedy and music, which can make us miss stuff during the performance.”可知答案为C。
其中，A与事实相反；B、D都是无中生有。
报纸六版文章：Survive hardships (P6)…The good doctor had some interesting theories about planting trees. He believed in the principle: “No pain, no gain”. He never watered his new trees, an attitude which flew in the face of conventional wisdom.Once I asked why and he told me that watering plants spoiled them because it made them grow weaker. He said you have to make things tough for the trees so that only the strongest survive.He talked about how watering trees made them develop shallow roots and how, if they were not watered, trees would grow deep roots in search of moisture (水分).So Doctor Gibbs would plant an oak (橡树) and, instead of watering it every morning, he’d beat it with a rolled-up newspaper. I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree’s attention.1. With the trees planted, Doctor Gibbs would _____.A. not show them too much attentionB. talk to them to get their attentionC. keep watering them every morningD. beat them to make them grow deep roots【答案】1. A。
间接事实细节题——语意理解型。
第三到第六段里提到吉布斯医生种下树以后不给它们浇水，这样它们就能长出更粗的根从而有助于它们的生长。
他有时还拿报纸抽打它们说是为了引起它们的注意，所以B、C、D都与原文信息不符。
总的来说，吉布斯医生给与树的关注并不是很多，所以A项正确。
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies. I often pray (祈祷) that their lives will be easy. But lately I’ve been thinking that it’s time to change my prayer. I know my children are going to encounter hardship. There’s always a cold wind blowing somewhere. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won’t be torn apart.4. Which of the following, according to the author, is a better prayer for his two sons?A. I want them to have an easy life, without too much to worry about.B. I want them to meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.C. I want them to have good luck, encountering less hardship in their life.D. I want them to be able to withstand the rain and wind in their lives.【答案】4. D。
间接事实细节题——语言转述思考型从最后一段的“What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won’t be torn apart”可以得此答案。
技巧点拨通过以上事实细节题的分析，我们可以归纳出做这类题的思路：一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读与分析，找出正确答案。
解题时注意以下几点：1. 顺序性原则：一般说来, 题序与其题眼在文章中的顺序相同。
