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英语初高中衔接公开课提前衔接的一个重要性1.学生心里与环境衔接的重要性：教学容量、检测题型；中考之后的懈怠2.教学内容衔接的重要性：生词多（高考大纲词汇2832；初中的830），大拦路虎一一定语从句很多高一学生学完后很茫然，衔接：词法一一时态一一语态一一情态动词一一句法（包括简单句、并列句以及复合句）最后引出定语从句3.学习方式转变的衔接重要性：高中考查学生运用课本知识解决问题的能力，不能死记硬背，很多学生学习很刻苦但是效果不明显4.学习习惯转变的衔接重要性：9门，晚上，每天，不死记硬背（数理化，英）流程一、英语学习指导和建议二、初高中衔接主要的语法知识点初高中衔接一句子成分与句子结构初高中衔接二英语句型和书法初高中衔接三语态与时态初高中衔接四不定式专题初高中衔接五定语从句专题三、对家长的建议一、英语学习方法指导和建议（一）良好的学习习惯指导高一新生具体的学习方法，养成良好的学习习惯，直接关系到高中三年的英语学习效果。
高一新生对一切都感到新鲜，容易接受老师的意见，有利于对他们重新塑造。
细节决定成败1.开口朗读的习惯2.预习的习惯到高中，随着课文词汇量和复杂长句的增加，如果没有有效的预习，学生根本适应不了课堂教学。
所以，我们把预习当作英语教学的一个不可忽视的重要环节，进行精心指导，规范要求。
我们要写出预习笔记，把预习时遇到的问题和难点记下来，这样便于上课听讲更具有针对性.3.记笔记的习惯高中英语内容多而复杂，听课的过程中，必须记笔记。
高中生应该学习如何根据老师的板书记录重要信息，如何归纳例句中的有用信息，如何筛选一堂课中对自己有用的信息。
记录的内容应该包含上课的重点和自己不明白的问题。
此外，我们要当天复习课堂笔记，及时消化。
4.完成作业的习惯5.写日记的习惯学生碰到的主要问题在于词汇的贫乏和句型的使用，这时大胆使用课文中刚刚学过和课外摘抄的词句。
词汇量达到一定程度后，可以使用高级词汇、复杂句子结构和关联过渡词语。
Unit3词汇与语法一．语境记单词As an athlete, I like all kinds of sports, such as soccer, boxing, badminton, skiing, and track and field sports like marathon and jogging. I won championships in many sports events. I got not only medals for myself, but also honour and glory for my country. Over the years, I have been inspired by the applause of millions of audience. Recently I have put on weight and I'm afraid my health will fall apart. So I will goon a diet with determination and try to be slim and graceful. I know that exercise and dieting will make a big difference to one's fitness I do push-ups every day, and never cut it out. I think it makes sense to do so. My fitness has improved a lot compared with the past In addition, I have always been against cheating in sports, against pretending to fall, and tried to avoid errors in matches.Richard is good at gymnastics and is a legend. Now and then, he is seen working out in a gym or stadium. He never gives up training even if though he is injured. Meeting with failures he faces them bravely rather than losing heart. Once, he took part in the gymnastics championship hosted by China to compete with the world's gymnastics masters. In spite of his leg injury and mental stress, he had the determination to become the champion. Encouraged by his captain, who came along with him, he gathered all his strength and finally made it. No sweet without sweat. He set a positive example for all the athletes.二．重点词汇解析e along跟随;到达;进步;赶快come about发生come out出现;出版;结果是come up with想出;提出come across穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇到;发现come to苏醒;到达;共计when it comes to(doing)sth.当谈及(做)某事①I began to come_along well in English after I improved my study methods.改进了学习方法以后，我的英语开始有所进步。
总结 it 的用法和 there be 句型的用法（一） It 的用法小结1. It 作主语的句子（ 1） It 指前面已经提到过的人或事物（有时指心目中的或成为问题的人或事物）时， 是真正的主语。
如：What ' s this ? ----- I t ' s a hors 这是什么？ ------ 这是一匹马。
Who is it ? -------- I t ' s 口谁?------- 是我。
It ' s the wind shaking the window .是风刮得窗户响。
（ 2）It 指时间、季节 ：如：What time is it ? ------- It ' s nine 几点了？ ---- 九点了。
It ' s time for the meeting . Let 开会的时s 间到了，我们走吧！What day is today ? ------- I t ' s Saturday 今天星期几？ ---- 今天星期六。
What is the date today ? —— It ' s O （ct.the ）1st . 今天是几号？——今天是十月一号。
What season is it ? —— It is summer . 现在是什么季节？——是夏季。
（ 3）It 指气候。
Is it cold in this room ? -------- No , it is n 屋里冷吗？ --- 不冷。
What ' s the weather like today ? ----- I t ' s fine 今天天气怎么样？ ------ 是晴天。
It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city . 这个城市夏天经常下雨，冬天经常下雪。
第三讲句子成分（2）6．定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词（如：something、nothing等）时；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。
副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。
定语可以由以下这些成分表示：1）形容词The roads, gardens, and playing grounds were all hidden under soft snow.2）数词There are two boys in the room. It was the first snow we had ever seen and we were excited.3）代词或名词所有格He took my umbrella by mistake. Alice’s hair is long and beautiful.4）介词短语People in China are making great effort to make China richer, stronger and more beautiful.5）名词We were having so mush fun when supper time came.6）副词The best teacher here is Lee.7）不定式He has nothing to do while all his classmates are rushed off their feet.8）分词（短语）Films directed by Bruce are popular among us. I hear there are five copies left.9）从句The boy who is reading needs the dictionary which you bought yesterday.Together we built a snowman and a snow house, which excited everyone. 7．状语状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。
巩固练03 Unit 1 Could you please tell me where the restroomsare？一、单选题1. —Helen, do you know if Martin to my party next week?—I think he will come if he free.A. will come; will beB. will come; isC. come; isD. comes; will be【答案】B【解析】句意：—海伦，你知道马丁下周是否来参加我的聚会吗？—如果他有空，我想他回来的。
考查宾语从句和状语从句用法。
结合语境可知上文是宾语从句，描述的是将来发生的动作，故用一般将来时态。
下文是条件状语从句，当主句描述将来动作时，从句中用一般现在时态表示将来的动作。
故选B。
2. —Could you tell me for class this morning?—I am sorry, Mrs. Lin. I got up so late that I couldn’t catch the first bus.A. why were you lateB. why you are lateC. why are you lateD. why you were late【答案】D【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你今早为什么迟到吗？——对不起，林老师。
我起的很早但是没能赶上第一班公交。
考查宾语从句。
why引导的从句做tell的宾语，因此要用陈述语气。
事件发生在过去，时态要用一般过去时。
故选D。
3. —Listen ! Helen is singing in the next room.—It be Helen. She has gone to Beijing.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. mayD. should【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：听，海伦在隔壁的房间里唱歌。
品位.品质.品牌英语衔接讲义步入新校园走好新起点领先一小步成功一大步2018年7月第一讲语音I 英语国际英标表International phonetic symbols for English英语国际音标表（48个）（英式发音 1981的IPA ）元音V owels （20个）II ．字母组合及发音练习：Activity 1将划线部分的发音填在空白处，并注意字母或字母组合与发音之间的联系。
元 音：音标 例 词 字母或字母组合 1. : sit milk beside pretty money honey study busy Sunday 2. : we me see feet tea sea season piece believe thief 3. : watch water shop problem stop sorry coffee clock cough 4. : short sport talk small warm quarter daughter autumn pour 5. : put full wood book could should 6. : do who ruler zoo food blue cruel group through 7. : cat hat apple bag happy land angry accident glad 8. : fast grass father car star start argue heart 9. : come some bus butter flood blood double enough 10. : seven else get debt many dead ready guess question friend 11. : today polite about again famous over monitor measure picture 12. : first girl nurse hurt work worst her term early earth 13. : late waste wait train play say 14. : tiger nine why cry die lie night right 15. : soil point voice toy boy destroy 16. : go no road goal show own toe 17. : about loud cow flower 18. : near tear here deer beer engineer 19. : fair hair pear bear where there care share 20. : poor tour sure辅 音：音标例 词 字母或字母组合1.: pen picture apple happy people2.: big table cabbage rabbit bike web3.: tall time fat little bottle worked jumped light4.: dog card middle daddy5.: can music lake seek back truck according Christmas school6.: good dog egg guy guess dialogue league7.: fat knife photo phone enough laugh coffee8.: seven drive vote have very leave9.: seven six pencil ice science miss discuss10.: zoo zero lazy use music eraser11.: think thank mouth three bath birthday12.: they with there father within13.: sugar sure ship short Russia special14.: usual measure decision pleasure15.: china rich teacher match catch church16.: jeep Japan age orange bridge17.: train try truck tree true country18.: drive dress drink dream dragon drew19.: cats students its gets20.: goods birds friends words21.: mine make woman climb common22.: nice fine knife knee announce23.: ink pink spring wing24.: line look tell challenge25.: red road tomorrow arrive wrong write26.: hero hello who whole27.: work window want what when white28.: you young year yellowActivity 2 Listen to the song and try to fill in the blanks and see who can learn to sing it more quickly.Take me to your heartHiding from the _____and snow, trying to forget but I won't let goLooking at a __________street ,__________to my own heart beatSo many people all around the world, tell me _____do I find someone like you girl!Take me to your heart take me to your soul, give me your _______before I'm old.Show me what ____is - haven't got a clue. Show me that _______ can be true.They say nothing_______ forever ,We're only here today.Love is now or never,_______me far away ,Take me to your heart take me to your soulGive me your______ and hold me ,Show me what love is - be my guiding star!It's easy take me to your heart!Standing on a __________high, looking at the ______through a ___blue skyI should go and_____ some friends. But they don't really comprehend.Don't need too much ______without saying anythingAll I need is someone who _______me wanna sing.Take me to your heart take me to your soulGive me your hand before I'm oldShow me what love is - haven't got a clueShow me that wonders can be trueThey say nothing lasts foreverWe're only here todayLove is now or neverBring me far awayTake me to your heart take me to your soulGive me your hand and hold meShow me what love is - be my guiding starIt's easy take me to your heartTake me to your heart take me to your soulGive me your hand and hold meShow me what love is - be my guiding starIt's easy take me to your heart.第二讲高中新教材简介及学习方法一、高中英语NSEFC教材设计的特点1、教材内容有利于提高思想道德素质和人文素养。
【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容：初升高英语衔接班第3讲总结it的用法和there be句型的用法二. 重、难点：（一）It的用法小结1. It作主语的句子（1）It指前面已经提到过的人或事物（有时指心目中的或成为问题的人或事物）时，It是真正的主语。
如：What’s this ? ——It’s a horse . 这是什么？——这是一匹马。
Who is it ? ——It’s me . 谁？——是我。
It’s the wind shaking the window . 是风刮得窗户响。
（2）It指时间、季节如：What time is it ? ——It’s nine . 几点了？——九点了。
It’s time for the meeting . Let’s go . 开会的时间到了，我们走吧！What day is today ? ——It’s Saturday . 今天星期几？——今天星期六。
What is the date today ? ——It’s Oct.（the）1st . 今天是几号？——今天是十月一号。
What season is it ? ——It is summer . 现在是什么季节？——是夏季。
（3）It指气候。
Is it cold in this room ? ——No , it isn’t . 屋里冷吗？——不冷。
What’s the weather like today ? ——It’s fine . 今天天气怎么样？——是晴天。
It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city .这个城市夏天经常下雨，冬天经常下雪。
（4）It指距离、情况等。
如：It is five kilometres from my home to the school .从我家到学校有5公里。
It is very near from this factory to that one .从这个工厂到那个工厂非常近。
It is a long way to the sea .（这）离海很远。
Is it well with you ? 你身体好吗？2. It作形式主语动词不定式、动名词短语或从句在句中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多时，可用it作为形式主语，放在句首代表其后所说的事实上的、真正的主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
（1）It +谓语+动词不定式。
It作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。
如：It is difficult to climb a mountain . 爬山是很艰难的。
It is a good habit to do morning exercises . 做早操是个好习惯。
It is important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language .在学习外语时适当地做一些有助于记忆的练习是很重要的。
It is right to do so . 这样做是对的。
（2）It+谓语+动名词短语。
It作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语。
如：It is no use learning without thinking . 学而不思则罔。
It’s useless arguing with a silly boy . 和笨孩子争论是没有用的。
（3）It+谓语+名词性从句。
It作形式主语，以that引导的名词性从句是真正的主语。
如：It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film .你没看这么好的电影，真可惜。
It is certain that we shall succeed . 我们一定会成功。
It is strange that nobody knows where he lives .真奇怪，谁也不知道他住在哪里。
It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning .据说飞机明天上午十点起飞。
3. It作形式宾语It作形式宾语，代表其后所说的真正的宾语。
真正的宾语是以that引导的名词性从句或不定式短语。
如：I consider it wrong that you Chinese students learn English without comparing it with your own language .我认为你们中国学生学习英语不和你们自己的语言比较是不对的。
I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language . 我发现学习一门外语不那么困难。
I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming . 我记得向你明确表示过我不来。
They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job .他们要向公众表明，他们在做一件必需做的重要工作。
4. It用于强调结构在表示强调的结构中it可用作先行代词，这种结构的句型如下：It+动词be+被强调的部分（词或词组）+that+其他部分。
如果强调的部分是人，可用who，whom代替that。
如：Miss Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon .王老师每周一下午教我们英语。
强调主语：It is Miss Wang who teachers us English every Monday afternoon .强调间接宾语：It is us whom Miss Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon .强调直接宾语：It is English that Miss Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon .强调状语：It is every Monday afternoon that Miss Wang teaches us English .It was here that I first met him . 这就是我初次与他见面的地方。
（强调状语）It is the people who（或that）are really powerful . 真正强大的是人民。
（强调主语）（二）有关含有引导词there的句子结构英语“There + be+（not）”结构表示“有（没有）某人或某物”时，there是无词义的引导词，be是谓语动词，它后面的名词是主语，两者在数上必须一致。
句末往往有表示地点或时间的状语。
1. 肯定式（表示“有”）There+（助动词或情态动词）+be+主语+地点（时间）状语。
如：There is a picture on the wall . 墙上有一张画儿。
There are 24 hours in a day . 一天有二十四小时。
There was only one school in the village before . 以前这个村子里只有一所小学。
There were 1,500 students in our school last year . 去年我校有一千五百名学生。
注意：如果there + be之后是并列主语，第一个主语又是单数名词时，习惯上用There is …如：There is a boy and a girl in the room . 屋里有一个男孩和一个女孩。
There is a pen and some books on her desk . 她的书桌上有一支钢笔和一些练习本。
2. 否定式（表示“没有”）There + be（助动词或情态动词）+not（any）（或+no）+主语……如：There was not an underground in Beijing before . 北京从前没有地下铁道。
There are not fairies in the world . 世上没有神仙。
There is nothing more for me to do now . 现在没有别的什么事要我做了。
There are not many people who want to read this book . 没有多少人要看这本书。
There won’t be a dance this weekend . 本周末没有舞会。
3. 疑问式（1）一般疑问句①Be+there+（any）+主语……？②助动词或情态动词+there+be+（any）+主语……？如：Is there anything I can do for you ? 我能为你做点什么吗？Is there any water in your bottle ? 你的瓶里有水吗？Will there be a report by the famous scientist this afternoon ? 今天下午有那位著名科学家做报告吗？（2）特殊疑问句：疑问词（+名词）+be+there+状态？如：How many months are there in a year ? 一年有几个月？What’s there in your pocket ? 你口袋里装的是什么？When will there be lasting world peace ? 什么时候世界上能有持久的和平？4. 含有引导词there的句子用seem to be，happen to be，used to do或live等词作谓语的结构。
如：There happened to be an old friend of mine in the shop .恰好在商店里有我的一个老朋友。
There used to be a temple here . 以前这儿有一座庙。
There seemed to be no point in refusing . 看来没理由拒绝。
There once lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea .从前，在海边的一个村庄里住着一个老渔民。
【模拟试题】综合练习（一）1. Look ! There some apples in that tree .A. isB. wasC. areD. were2. —What’s on the plate ?—There some bread on it .A. isB. areC. hasD. have3. Lucy and Lily going to the Great Wall tomorrow .A. areB. isC. amD. be4. Three fourths of the homework today .A. has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD. have been finished5. A large number of the students in our class girls .A. areB. wasC. isD. be6. The number of in our class fifty .A. student , isB. the students , areC. the students , isD. students , are7. Either of the two books for you . You can choose one .A. areB. wereC. isD. was8. The population of our country by 50 percent over the last twenty years .A. has increasedB. were risenC. have been increasedD. have rose9. Maths my favourite subject .A. beB. isC. amD. are10. Here a new pair of shoes for you .A. isB. areC. haveD. has11. The Chengs here for years .A. is livingB. have livedC. has livedD. lives12. Not only my brother buy also I good at painting . Both of us good painters .A. are , areB. am , areC. is , isD. are , is13. —Two months quite a long time .—Yes , I’m afraid that he will miss a lot of his lessons .A. isB. areC. wasD. were14. Every man , woman and child in this club to realize the danger of smoking .A. comeB. comesC. have begunD. must15. Everyone except David and Sam there when the meeting began .A. isB. wasC. areD. were16. —Are the twins on the football team ?—No , neither of them on the team .A. isB. areC. wereD. be17. —I have no letters from Peter .—Oh , well , no news good news now .A. isB. areC. wasD. were18. One and a half apples on the table .A. is leavingB. is leftC. are leftD. left19. When and where to build the new factory yet .A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided20. Doing eye exercises good for your health .A. areB. isC. haveD. has21. There an apple and ten bananas in the basket . You can take any of them .A. areB. isC. hasD. have22. Each of the boys an apple .A. haveB. hasC. to haveD. to has23. —Are there any fish in the lake now ?—No . any water in it in winter .A. There isn’tB. There aren’tC. It isn’tD. They aren’t24. Joan with her uncle going to visit the Summer Palace next month .A. areB. isC. wasD. were综合练习（二）1. The story is interesting . That means it is interesting story .A. an , theB. the , anC. / anD. / , a2. I found the cat was in room .A. Lily and LucyB. Lily’s and Lucy’sC. Lily’s and LucyD. Lily and Lucy’s3. of the teachers in the school is 300 , of them are women teachers .A. The number , first fourthB. The number , one fourthC. A number , one secondD. A number , three quarters4. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic . So it will take us time to go to Pudong International Airport .A. a fewB. fewerC. a littleD. less5. Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is city .A. so a beautifulB. very a beautifulC. such beautiful aD. quite a beautiful6. —It’s a nice car . have you been in it ?—Just to Shanghai .A. How muchB. How longC. How soonD. How far7. Is the street too narrow for the bus to go ?A. throughB. acrossC. onD. in8. —I’m going to the supermarket .—Will you get me some chocolates you are there , mum ?A. sinceB. becauseC. ifD. while9. —Must I leave right now ?—No , you .A. may notB. can’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t10. —There is a ticket on the floor , is it yours ?—Oh , yes , it’s mine .— Let me for you .A. to pick up itB. to pick it upC. pick up itD. pick it up11. The teacher told the boys in the street .A. not playB. not to playC. don’t playD. don’t to play12. I have finished this book . You can take it away .A. to readB. readC. readingD. reads13. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day .A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be14. I have to go now . Please remember to the lights when you leave .A. turn offB. turn downC. turn upD. turn on15. Don’t ask me such a strange question , ?A. shall weB. will not youC. will youD. don’t you16. —Are the twins on the football team ?—No , neither of them on the team .A. isB. areC. wereD. be17. Mr. King didn’t know yesterday evening .A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come homeD. when his son came home18. I didn’t know they could pass the exam or not .A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether19. —Who has a dictionary , children ?—I have .A. itB. thisC. oneD. so20. He returned to the small town he grew up as a child .A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when21. In China , when the traffic lights are green , the traffic go and people on foot cross the street .A. can , can’tB. can’t , canC. can’t , mustD. needn’t , must22. —What are you going to do next Sunday ?—.A. I’m sorryB. Here you areC. I’ve no ideaD. That’s right23. I can’t find the right size . The shoes in the shop are too big too small .A. neither , norB. either , orC. both , andD. not , or24. The colour of his socks is different from of mine .A. oneB. thatC. itD. this综合练习（三）1. It was spring . American girl went to London .A. a , The , aB. / , The , /C. / , An , /D. / , A , /2. It’s a long to Paris . It’s two thousand kilometers .A. streetB. roadC. wayD. walk3. Where are the students ? Are they in ?A. the Room 406B. Room 406C. the 406 RoomD. 406 Room4. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than in Shanghai .A. thisB. itC. thatD. one5. —In our English study reading is more important than speaking , I think .—I don’t agree . Speaking is reading .A. as important asB. so important asC. the most importantD. the same as6. —Can you understand me ?—Sorry , I can understand you .A. hardlyB. almostC. nearlyD. ever7. —You’d better not go out now . It’s raining .—It doesn’t matter . My new coat can keep rain .A. inB. ofC. withD. off8. How did you try to get to school on time you missed the school bus ?A. whenB. ifC. onceD. that9. You go and ask Meimei . She know the answer .A. must , canB. must , mayC. need , canD. can , may10. —I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang’s home just now .—Yes , she is often seen the old man with his housework .A. helpB. to helpC. helpsD. helped11. My watch doesn’t work . I must have it .A. repairedB. repairsC. repairD. repairing12. She usually to work on foot but today she by bike .A. go , goingB. goes , is goingC. is go , is goingD. goes , going13. —Where you your ticket ?—I it on the floor .A. have , found , foundedB. did , find , foundedC. did , found , foundD. did , find , found14. You may go fishing if your work .A. is doneB. will be doneC. has doneD. have done15. —James , these are your socks . Please .—OK , Mum .A. put away itB. put it awayC. put away themD. put them away16. Martin is good at fishing , ?A. is heB. does heC. isn’t heD. doesn’t he17. —How many students are there in your school ?—the students in our school over two thousand .A. The number of , isB. The number of , areC. A number of , isD. A number of , are18. He asked me .A. if she will comeB. how many books I want to haveC. they would help us do itD. what was wrong with me19. Ann has been so busy these days she has no time to play with her friends .A. whenB. thatC. becauseD. and20. —Oh , there is someone in the room .—must be my mother .A. ThereB. SheC. ThisD. It21. Is this the very museum some Japanese visitors visited last Wednesday ?A. oneB. whereC. thatD. which22. The sign “ BUSINESS HOURS ” can be seen in a .A. shopB. schoolC. parkD. museum23. —Would you like some more ?—. I’m full .A. Yes , pleaseB. I’d love toC. No , I wouldn’tD. No , thanks24. —Have you moved into your new home ?—Not yet , the rooms .A. were being paintedB. are paintingC. were paintedD. are still being painted【试题答案】综合练习（一）1. C2. A3. A4. B5. A6. C7. C8. A9. B 10. A11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B综合练习（二）1. C2. D3. B4. D5. D6. D7. A8. D9. D 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. B21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B综合练习（三）1. C2. C3. B4. C5. A6. A7. D8. A9. D 10. B11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. D21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D【试题分析】综合练习（一）1. 选C。
