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【非谓语动词】【考纲解读】近几年对于非谓语动词的句法功能考查越来越多，尤其是语篇填空和改错题型考查较多，甚至在完形填空的选项中也多有涉及。
首先需要考生了解非谓语动词的基本形式及其时态和语态的变化形式；其次，需要考生牢固掌握非谓语动词的语法功能和非谓语动词题目的解题思路，并能在具体的语境中正确运用。
【命题趋势】1. 近年来对非谓语动词的考查较多的关注与语境的结合，尽管出发点还是仍是非谓语动词的基本用法，这种考查形式是在理解语境和句意的基础上设置的。
2. 今后非谓语动词的考查依然占有较高的比重，尤其是非谓语动词做定语和状语的用法，同时试题设置将会继续结合语境，难度适中。
3. 高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出，所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有：现在分词和过去分词基础知识；现在分词和过去分词句法功能；现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析；现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成；现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。
4. 动词不定式的考查主要集中在一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能；对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。
【名师指导】1.非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
对非谓语动词类考题，解题时首先要通过句子结构判断出是否是非谓语动词，找准相关动词的逻辑主语，再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词。
例如：作主语、宾语用动名词或动词不定式；作状语常用分词：目的状语常用动词不定式，伴随状语则常用现在分词等。
2.确定为非谓语动词后，再观察非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系以及动作发生的时间，由此判断出正确的时态、语态形式。
非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主动关系，常用现在分词、动词不定式或动名词的一般式；是被动关系，则用过去分词、-ing形式或动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have be en done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。
专题05 非谓语动词2022年高考真题1（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.答案：Covering解析：考查非谓语动词。
句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。
故填Covering。
2（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.答案：to increase解析：考查非谓语动词。
句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。
设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。
故填to increase。
3（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.答案：to journey解析：考查非谓语动词。
高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，顾名思义也确实是不能单独用作谓语的动词（但与助动词结合可构成“进行时态、系表结构、完成时态、被动语态等谓语形式”），非谓语动词在英语句子结构中用法专门广泛、灵活，可充当主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。
现在笔者向同学们作分类介绍：动词不定式一、不定式作主语1.一样置于句首：To see one time is better than to hear one hundred times.2.常见用it代替它作形式主语，而把不定式或不定式结构移到句尾：It's our duty to serve the people．3.在含有不定式作主语的疑问句或感叹句中，一样只用it作形式主语。
常见：Is it a good idea to plant some flowers there？不能够说：*Is to plant some flowers there a good idea？二、不定式作表语连系动词be，seem，appear，get，remain等常用不定式作表语，假如主语部分有实义动词do时，表语常可用不带to的不定式。
例如：My idea is to have a trip on Sunday．The only thing I can do now is wait at home.三、不定式作动词宾语1.动词＋不定式：The girl asked to see the headmaster．常见的跟带to的不定式结构作宾语的动词有：agree，aim，arrange，ask，choose，decide， demand，pretend，expect，hope，learn，long，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，want，hate 等。
但help后的不定式常可省掉的，如：They helped（to）do the cleaning this morning.2.动词十疑问词（why除外）＋不定式：We must find out what to do next.常见能跟“疑问词十不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，see，think，understand，wonder等。
专题五 非谓语动词挖命题 【考情探究】分析解读 1.五年高考课标全国卷语篇型填空对非谓语动词用法的考频为:作宾语．．．→．作状语．．．→．作定语．．．→．作．主语、表语．．．．．→．作补语．．．。
而短文改错对非谓语动词用法的考频为:作宾语．．．→．作状语．．．,．且在考查非谓语动词作宾语．．．．．．．．．．．．时主要考查介词后需用动名词作宾语．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．。
2.不容置疑,以后的高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查,而且非谓语动词作宾语、作状语及作定语仍会是考查重点。
3.非谓语动词作补语可能会成为高考的一个难点。
破考点【考点集训】考点一非谓语动词作宾语Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2019届云南玉溪一中二次调研,70)Now linguists are taking action to prevent this incredible cultural heritage from(disappear).答案disappearing2.(2018河南郑州一次质检,67)In my mind,they re helping us to become calm and consider(win)and solving real problems as well.答案winning3.(2018湖北黄冈元月调研,70)Sometimes,by caring only about the cups,we fail(enjoy)the coffee.答案to enjoy4.(2018湖北武汉2月调研,69)Aiming(carry)forward the spirit of peace,cooperation,openness and inclusiveness(包容)for shared benefits through concrete projects,the New Silk Road has already received a warm response from more than60countries and a number of international organizations.答案to carryⅡ.单句改错5.(2019届甘肃兰州一中9月月考)He hopes create an environment for his students that is much more relaxing than the one he used to study in.答案hopes后添加to6.(2018河南中原名校五次联考)Mobile phone addicts can t help check their mobile phones all day,even when they are walking on the road.答案check→checking或help后加but7.(2018福建福州3月质检)In the beginning,I wasn t used to talk to strangers.答案talk→talking8.(2017山东临沂一模)You can make more friends from different parts of the country by serve them when working there.答案serve→serving考点二非谓语动词作定语1.(2019届河南驻马店经济开发区高级中学一次月考,61)The Water-Splashing Festival of the Dai ethnic minority(少数民族)falls on April13th to April16th.It is the most important festival(observe)by the Dai people in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province.答案observed2.(2019届山西新绛汾河中学一次月考,65)At the41st session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee (hold)in Poland,Hoh Xil was approved as a new world heritage site,becoming the51st world heritage site in China.答案held3.(2018河北五个一联盟二次联考,64)This site reports science news(cover)a wide range of subjects.答案covering4.(2018广东五校协作体一次联考,62)The museum,(locate)next to the Wuzhen scenic spot,covers an area of5,000square meters.答案located5.(2017江西九江一中月考,69)There are always lots of people in the street,and there is always something (see)or do.答案to see考点三非谓语动词作主语、表语1.(2018湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考,46)The cart got(stick)in the mud,but the farmer made no effort to get it out.答案stuck2.(2018山西长治二中等五校联考,69)His new idea was(make)the shell shapes on the roof into the shape of a ball.答案to make/making3.(2017江西九江十校二次联考,69)But conservationists say that(make)ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting.答案making考点四非谓语动词作状语Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018河南郑州一中六次测试,47)But by1955,the paintings were beginning to become difficult(see). 答案to see2.(2018河北衡水中学五次调考,43)She first came across this phenomenon while(research)North American children living in India.答案researching3.(2018江西宜春中学一次诊断,68)(compare)with the western medicine s high fees,TCM has a reasonable price that ordinary people can afford.答案Compared4.(2018河北沧州质检,68)A total of400,000tons of steel were used in the project,equal to60times the steel used (build)the Eiffel Tower.答案to buildⅡ.单句改错5.(2019届广东中山一中二次统测)As is often the case,people tend to talk loud in public places annoyed others around.答案annoyed→annoying6.(2019届甘肃民乐一中第一学期一诊)Known that our school is going to set up elective English courses,I d like to give some advice.答案Known→Knowing7.(2018黑龙江哈三中一模)We gathered at the Sunshine Square and gave out leaflets to passers-by,tell them the importance of environmental protection.答案tell→telling8.(2018甘肃兰州二模)We were making dumplings together with the old,talking and laugh.答案laugh→laughing9.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ)In addition,attracting by interesting topics,you are free to get involved in the weekly discussion.答案attracting→attracted考点五非谓语动词作补语1.(2018湖南株洲质量检测Ⅰ,65)Apart from the massive size,it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists(find)previously hidden stars.答案to find2.(2018福建永春一中等四校联考Ⅰ,65)During the Qin dynasty,to keep the enemy out of his empire,Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls(join)up.答案joined3.(2018湖南长郡中学五次月考,66)The robot is powered by a battery on its back,which can keep it (operate)for an hour.答案operating过专题【五年高考】考点一非谓语动词作宾语1.(2018天津,12)I didn t mean(eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn t help trying it.答案to eat2.(2017江苏,30)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help(shape)your year ahead.答案shape3.(2016浙江,19)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do(work)with students.答案working4.(2014陕西,12)It s quite hot today.Do you feel like(go)for a swim?答案going考点二非谓语动词作定语1.(2017天津,10)I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train(catch).答案to catch2.(2017北京,32)Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time(spend)with his students.答案spent3.(2016浙江,10)To return to the problem of water pollution,I d like you to look at a study(conduct)in Australia in2012.答案conducted4.(2016江苏,28)In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message(hide)within the work.答案hidden5.(2015北京,23)The park was full of people,(enjoy)themselves in the sunshine.答案enjoying6.(2014大纲全国,23)Today there are more airplanes(carry)more people than ever before in the skies.答案carrying考点三非谓语动词作主语、表语1.(2018天津,8)It took him a long time(acquire)the skills he needed to become a good dancer.答案to acquire2.(2018北京,3)(travel)along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.答案Traveling3.(2015安徽,27)(ignore)the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.答案Ignoring/To ignore4.(2014福建,30)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying(connect).答案connected5.(2014湖南,23)(understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.答案Understanding考点四非谓语动词作状语1.(2018北京,6)During the Mid-Autumn Festival,family members often gather together(share)a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.答案to share2.(2018北京,10)Ordinary soap,(use)correctly,can deal with bacteria effectively.答案used3.(2018江苏,26)Around13,500new jobs were created during the period,(exceed)the expected number of 12,000held by market analysts.答案exceeding4.(2017北京,27)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online(save)their valuable time.答案to save5.(2017天津,14)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,(allow)more patients to be treated.答案allowing6.(2017江苏,21)Many Chinese brands,(develop)their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.答案having developed7.(2016北京,26)(make)it easier to get in touch with us,you d better keep this card at hand.答案To make8.(2016北京,28)(order)over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive any time now.答案Ordered9.(2016北京,32)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street,(turn)the old town into a dreamland.答案turning10.(2016天津,4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,(make)air conditioning unnecessary.答案making11.(2015北京,21)(catch)the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.答案To catch12.(2015江苏,24)Much time(spend)sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.答案spent13.(2015天津,5)(absorb)in painting,John didn t notice evening approaching.答案Absorbed14.(2015天津,8)(work)for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.答案Having worked15.(2015湖南,30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground, (wonder)whether to stay or leave.答案wondering16.(2014湖南,35)(free)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness.答案To free考点五非谓语动词作补语1.(2018天津,7)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph(take).答案taken2.(2015陕西,18)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother (take)good care of at home.答案taken3.(2015浙江,18)Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it(perform)live is quite another. 答案being performed4.(2014四川,5)The manager was satisfied to see many new products(develop)after great effort.答案developed【三年模拟】时间:31分钟分值:57分A组2017—2019年模拟·基础题组考点一非谓语动词作宾语1.(2019届内蒙古赤峰二中二次月考,49)But if you re thinking of visiting such a place to enjoy a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew,remember the rules you must follow to avoid(ask)to leave. 答案being asked2.(2019届海南儋州一中统测,62)This places a large strain(压力)on the health service and is also a factor in why the government would like to prevent people from(take)up smoking or help them quit.答案taking3.(2018浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,60)It was then that Stevens seemed to turn the corner and realized his life was still worth(fight)for.答案fighting4.(2018四川双流中学月考,62)We desire(find)out what happens next and what the main characters do and say to each other.答案to find5.(2018江西南城一中一次质检,69)In New Zealand we drive on the left-hand side of the road,so if you re coming from somewhere like Germany,do remember(take)things slow while you adjust to the change! 答案to take考点二非谓语动词作定语1.(2019届内蒙古赤峰二中二次月考,44)Afternoon tea,(design)as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the1840s.答案designed2.(2019届四川成都经济技术开发区实验中学9月月考,63)It is possibly because the plastic waste smells like a seabird s food,according to a new study(publish)in the Science Advances journal.答案published3.(2019届湖北黄冈9月质量检测,62)The event serves not only as a spectacular ceremony to memorize the world-famous Chinese philosopher,but a chance(celebrate)Chinese culture together with other local communities.答案to celebrate4.(2018辽宁重点高中协作校监测,43)She was lucky because her heater worked and she could pay her (heat)bills.答案heating5.(2018贵州遵义四中一次月考,49)His ability allows him to form strong relationships with his coworkers and earns him(last)friendships.答案lasting6.(2017湖北襄阳一次调研,65)Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation(involve)people from other countries.答案involving考点三非谓语动词作主语、表语1.(2019届四川成都经济技术开发区实验中学9月月考,69)(eat)plastic can badly hurt the organs(器官) of the animals.答案Eating2.(2019届四川邻水实验学校月考,66)As well as the weather,the relaxed atmosphere and nightlife are very (appeal).答案appealing3.(2019届湖北当阳一中9月月考,65)It was(amaze)that our class won second place.Our efforts paid off!答案amazing4.(2018河北唐山五校月考,66)A life burdened with work leads you nowhere,for you will get tired and (bore)with your daily routine work.答案bored5.(2018河北名校联盟质检Ⅰ,61)For many young people,(go)to university is one of the most important stages of their lives.答案going考点四非谓语动词作状语1.(2019届河北衡水中学二调,67)The minister predicted that the country s industrial output would be likely (grow)by around6percent next year.答案to grow2.(2019届云南玉溪一中二次调研,61)Often(call)“the world s only surviving characters for women”, these slim words were developed from standard written Chinese.答案called3.(2019届山东济南外国语学校一次月考,66)In English,however,the situation is different.People use“Every dog has his day” (describe)a period of good fortune.答案to describe4.(2018浙江湖州、衢州、丽水三地市教学质检,59)As the economy boomed,autos pushed bikes off the roads, (create)heavy pollution and miserable traffic.答案creating5.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ,64)Finally I refused to attend classes,(shut)myself in my room for hours.答案shutting考点五非谓语动词作补语1.(2019届辽宁沈阳铁路实验中学10月月考,43)He watched a spider(make)a web.答案making2.(2019届吉林长春市实验中学开学考试,68)In Shanxi,people get their hair(cut)in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new.答案cut3.(2019届海南儋州一中统测,62)That means tobacco manufacturers will be forced(pack)their cigarettes in plain packets.答案to pack4.(2018河北名校联盟质检Ⅰ,69)Apart from the academic benefit,life at university can also allow students (develop)their interests in many fields.答案to develop5.(2018河南南阳一中三次考试,41)With gas(run)out,we have to find the nearest gas station.答案running6.(2017山西重点中学协作体一模,69)With all the porridge(eat)up,he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat.答案eatenB组2017—2019年模拟·提升题组1.(2019届甘肃敦煌中学一诊)Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon,I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom.答案passed→passing2.(2019届甘肃敦煌中学一诊)With time passed,my brother and I have realized that our parents areright.答案passed→passing3.(2019届福建莆田二十四中一次调研)It was Friday,early in the morning.I did not want go to school,so I told my mother that I got a fever.答案want后添加to4.(2019届福建莆田二十四中一次调研)My mother went out quickly,looked worried.答案looked→looking5.(2019届福建建瓯芝华中学一次月考)After I followed the advice giving by my teacher,I finally overcame the fear.答案giving→given6.(2018河南豫南九校二次联考)I will avoid find excuses for putting them off.答案find→finding7.(2018吉林百校联盟联考)Feeling tiring,Li Hua went to bed immediately.答案tiring→tired8.(2018河北名校联盟质监Ⅰ)They do what they can help me and encourage me to study hard.答案help前加to9.(2017湖北荆门调研)When I was in Grade5,I met a teacher who made me remembered herforever.答案remembered→remember10.(2017江西九江十校二联)After school,I went back home on time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music.答案enjoy→enjoyingC组2017—2019年模拟·综合题组Passage1(用所给动词的适当形式填空)Do you like1(travel)?2(stay)healthy while3(travel)can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.Here are the tips you need4(make)your trip much easier.Make sure you have got a5(sign)passport and visa.Also,before you go,fill in the emergency information page of your passport!Make two copies of your passport identification page.This will help a lot if your passport is6(steal).Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives.Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport.Read the public announcements or travel warnings for the countries you plan7(visit).Get yourself8 (inform)of local laws and customs of the countries to which you are travelling.Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程)with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.Do not accept packages9(give)to you by strangers.Do not carry too much money or unnecessary credit cards.If you make enough preparations you will succeed in10(travel).Have a good time!1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.travelling2.Staying3.travelling4.to make5.signed6.stolen7.to visitrmed9.given10.travellingPassage2(用所给动词的适当形式填空)Good afternoon,my dear friends.My name is Li Jin.Today I m very glad1(have)the chance2(run)for vice president of the English Club.Concerning the position,I feel qualified3(take)the job.First,I have gained a lot of experience in。
