八年级下期末复习

【部编版】八年级下册语文期末总复习期末专题复习一[字音、字形、词语运用]1．下列词语中加点字的读音，有错误的一组是( )A．忌惮．(Dan) 行．辈(háng)心旌．(jīng) 戛．然而止(jiá) B．枸杞．(jǐ) 酬．谢(chóu)衣襟．(jīn) 如法炮．制(páo)C．亢．奋(kàng) 晦．暗(huì)挑衅．(xìn) 奇伟磅礴．(bó)D．闲逛．(guàng) 羁．绊(jī)幽悄．(qiǎo) 纨绔．子弟(kù)2．下列词语中加点字的读音，有错误的一组是( )A．翩．然(piān) 迁徙．(xǐ)两栖．(qī) 草长．莺飞(chánɡ)B．礼数．(shù) 褶．皱(zhě)追溯．(sù) 天衣无缝．(fèng)C．雾霭．(ǎi) 帷幕．(mù)模．糊(mó) 核．磁共振(hé)D．陨．石(yǔn) 孕．育(yùn)龟．裂(jūn) 海枯．石烂(kū)3．下列词语中加点字的读音，没有错误的一组是( )A．诬蔑．(miè) 卑鄙．(bǐ)卑劣．(liè) 分崩．离析(bēng)B．挚．爱(chì) 枯燥．(zào)指摘．(zhāi) 出类拔萃．(cuì)C．埋没．(mò) 蓦．然(mù)浩劫．(jié) 不修边幅．(fú)D．锵．然(jiānɡ) 萦．绕(yíng)拙．劣(zhuō) 相辅．相成(fǔ)4．下列词语中加点字的读音，没有错误的一组是( )A．告诫．(jiè) 迂．回(yū)推搡．(sǎng) 拾．级而上(shí)B．恭．顺(gōng) 豁．然(huò)懈．怠(xiè) 亭台楼阁．(gé)C．陡峭．(qiào) 缭．绕(liào)巍峨．(é) 怒不可遏．(è)D．映．照(yìng) 喧哗．(huá)追溯．(shuò) 接踵．而至(zhǒng)5．下列四组词语中，没有错别字的一组是( )A．踊跃姣洁流逝笑眯眯 B．恬静冗杂缈远风萧萧C．元宵助兴拘束城隍庙 D．恣意概叹诱惑腊八粥6．下列四组词语中，没有错别字的一组是( )A．次第悬殊缄默风雪在途 B．萌发漂移携带单调枯躁C．喧闹弥漫农谚低声细语 D．雕零腐蚀骨骼奇形怪状7．下列四组词语中，没有错别字的一组是( )A．堕落奠定打抱不平海枯石滥 B．枷锁干预自圆其说招摇撞骗C．浩劫狡辨挑拨离间风口浪尖 D．肤浅襁褓强辞夺理名副其实8．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是( )A．寒噤霎时驰骋前呼后涌 B．砾石腈纶棱角轻歌漫舞C．俯瞰穹顶旷野漫不经心 D．矗立闸口眺望穿流不息9．下列句子中，加点的词语使用不正确的一项是( )A．你这人怎么好歹．．不分，大伙都在想办法帮助你，你却埋怨起大家来迟了。

八年级（下）期末复习卷宾语从句1. ( ) He asked me ______________ during the winter holidays.A. where I had goneB. where I had beenC. where had I goneD. where had I been2. ( ) Will you please tell me ________________?A. Where Pudong Airport isB. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can we get to Pudong AirportD. when was Pufonh Airport built3. ( ) I’d like to know _______________.A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher educationC. that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English Evening4. ( ) Professor Nelson wanted to know _______________.A. when would the conference beginB. when the conference would beginC. when will the conference beginD. when the conference will begin5. ( ) Our class teacher asked the monitor ________________.A. why didn’t Bill come to schoolB. why doesn’t Bill come to schoolC. why Bill didn’t come to schoolD. why Bill doesn’t come to school6. ( ) Do you know ______________?A. when will the Beijing Olympic Games endB. when the Beijing Olympic Games will endC. when the World Expo will you visitD. when the World Expo you will visit7. ( ) Could you please tell us _____________ in Shanghai?A. when will you visit the World ExpoB. when you will visit the World ExpoC. when the World Expo will you visitD. when the World Expo you will visit8. ( ) I want to know __________________.A. when we should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at9. ( ) The weather forecast doesn’t say _______________.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if it would rain tomorrowC. when will I rain tomorrowD. if it will rain tomorrow10. ( ) Are you clear _______________ next term?A. when the parents’ meeting is heldB. when will the parents’ meeting be heldC. when is the parents’ meeting heldD. when the parents’ meeting will be held11. ( ) I wonder _________________.A. is it going to rain this afternoonB. where can I find the museumC. what he will be so foolishD. if I can pass the test12. ( ) Could you tell me ________________?A. who is sheB. where’s the nearest fast restaurantC. if he will come tomorrowD. which way is to the underground station13. ( ) Would you please tell us ________________?A. that you will go to Beijing tomorrowB. how will you go to Beijing tomorrowC. if you would go to Beijing by planeD. what you’ll go to Beijing for14. ( ) I wonder how long ________________.A. he has gone thereB. he has been thereC. has he gone thereD. has he been there15. ( ) Please tell me _______________. I have some good news for her.A. where Kitty livedB. where did Kitty liveC. where Kitty livesD. where does Kitty live16. ( ) Jack’s father wondered __________________.A. how much the new DVDs will costB. how much will the new DVDs costC. how much the new DVDs had costD. How much had the new DVDs cost17. ( ) He asked me _________________?A. if I can lend him my carB. if can I lend him my carC. if I could lend him my carD. if could I lend him my car18.( ) Jack and his elder sister know nothing about ______________ at the party.A.when will we have a barbecueB. how we would have a barbecueC. where would we have a barbecueD. when we will have a barbecue19.( ) Mr. White didn't know ______________ last night.A.when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come homeD. when his son came back20.( ) Could you tell me ________________?A.which computer I can useB. how can I used the DVD playerC. if he had given us a lessonD. why would he deal with the case21.( ) Could you tell me ________________?A.when did the accident happenB. how hong you had been hereC. what causes global warmingD. that you will come tomorrow22.( ) Could you tell me ________________?A.where is the school libraryB. who's on dutyC. whose book is thisD. what are they doing23.( ) Can you tell me _________________?A. how your winter holidays will you spendB. how will you spend your winter holidaysC. how your winter holidays you will spendD. how you will spend your winter holidays24. ( ) We hope __________________ my questions as quickly as possible.A. the teacher to answerB. that the teacher would answerC. the teacher's answeringD. the teacher will answer25. ( ) Could you tell me _________________?A. when will we have the editors' meetingB. which country will host the next World CupC. how long does it take to get to the railway stationD. where does the word 'super' come from不定式1. ( ) The teacher often tells Jim and John __________ too much time playing video games.A. not to spendB. to not spendC. don’t spendD. doesn’t’ spend2. ( ) The greedy inn-keeper once made the poor heron ___________ twice a day.A. danceB. dancesC. dancedD. to dance3. ( ) Yesterday morning I got up early _____________ be late for the exam.A. in order toB. in order to notC. so as not toD. so as to4. ( ) If the launch (发射) in 2005 is successful, China will be the third country____________ its astronauts into space after Russia and the US.A. sendB. sendsC. sendingD. to send5. ( ) “Mr. Zhu, you’d better ______________ too much meat. You are already overweight,” said the doctor.A. not to eatB. to eatC. not eatD. eat6. ( ) “Don’t always make Michael _____________ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr. Bush said to his wife.A. doB. to doC. doesD. did7. ( ) Internet bars mustn’t let people under 18 in or let anybody ______________ bad things.A. watchB. to watchC. watchingD. watches8. ( ) The heavy snowstorm made the mountain climbers ______________ halfway.A. stopB. to stopC. stoppingD. stopped9. ( ) It’s time for sports. Let’s ______________ bowling, shall we?A. goB. to goC. goingD. goes10. ( ) We’d better ________________ off our mobile phones. The meeting will start in a minute.A. to turnB. turningC. turnD. turned11. ( ) Our headmaster asked us __________ a report o how to protect wild animals.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. wrote12. ( ) The woman feels that she should let her son ________________ his own decision this time.A. makesB. makeC. to makeD. making13. ( ) Before going to the History Museum, our teacher told us _____________ the pubic rules.A. obeyB. to obeyC. obeyingD. obeyed14. ( ) My class teacher will have a meeting ____________ the day after tomorrow.A. attendB. to attendC. attendedD. attending15. ( ) They haven’t decided which hotel _______________.A. to stayB. to stay atC. staying atD. for staying动名词1. ( ) Tom likes cars. He enjoys _____________ model cars of all kinds.A. collectsB. collectingC. to collectD. collected2. ( ) Susan finally became a popular singer after she practised _________for years.A. singB. to singC. singingD. sang3. ( ) Richard turned off the computer after he had finished ___________ the email.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. wtote改为简单句1. I don’t know when we shall leave for Nanjing.I don’t know when __________ ___________ for Nanjing.2. The water was so dirty that we couldn’t drink it.The water was ___________ dirty for us _____________ drink.3. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. The poor child was ___________ ____________ to receive many books from Project Hope.4. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers?Can you tell me ____________ _____________ water the flowers?5. I have no idea how I can operate the new machine.I have no idea ____________ _____________ operate the new machine.6. Visitors love this city because it has historical sites and delicious food.Visitors love this city ____________ ___________ its historical sites and delicious food.7. Mary hoped that she would get an “A” in the physics test.Mary hoped ____________ _____________ an “A” in the physics test.8. The new comer wondered what he could do in the office.The new comer wondered what __________ ___________ in the office.改为复合句1. The words on the notice board are very small.I can’t see them clearly.The words on the notice board are ___________ small ____________ I can’t see them clearly.合并为一句1. Tim doesn’t collect coins. Jack doesn’t collect coins, either.Neither Tim __________ Jack __________ coins.2. Will Bob join the swimming club? Please tell me.Please tell me __________ Bob ___________ join the swimming club.3. He was very nervous. He couldn’t go on with the job interview.He was ____________ nervous ____________ go on with the job interview4. Will John come to my birthday party? Please tell me.Please tell me ______________ John _____________ come to my birthday party.5. I don’t like horror movies. Jane doesn’t like horror movies, either.___________ I nor Jane ___________ horror movies.6. The long speech was very boring. Most of the listeners left before it was over. The long speech was ____________ boring ____________ most of the listeners left before it was over.7. They asked, “Have you all found the mistakes in your own test papers?”They asked _________ we _________ all found the mistakes in our own test papers.保持原句意思1. The boy was too frightened to say a word.The boy was ___________ frightened __________ he couldn’t say a word.2. Mrs. White told Tom that he mustn’t throw paper on the ground.Mrs. White told Tom ___________ _____________ throw paper on the ground.3. The boy asked his mother, “Does water freeze at 0°C?”The boy asked his mother ___________ water __________ at 0°C.4. Jack’s mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?”Jack’s mother asked him __________ he ___________ packed his things.5. I’m going to make an early start in order not to miss the train.I’m going to make an early start ___________ ___________ I won’t miss the train.6. This answer is wrong. That answer is also wrong.__________ this answer ___________ that one is right.7. We were excited that we couldn’t say a word when we got the prize.We were _____________ excited ___________ say a word when we got the prize.8. They can’t finish the wok in such a short time.It’s ___________ ____________ them to finish the work in such a short time.9. Tim asked Alice “Have you read today’s newspaper?”Tim asked Alice ____________ she ___________ read today’s newspaper.10. “Where will you go during this summer holiday?” he asked me.He asked me where ___________ ___________ go during this summer holiday. 11. I’d like to know when we’ll leave for Hainan.I’d like to know when __________ ___________ for Hainan.12. We plant trees every year in order to make our city more beautifulWe plant trees every year ___________ ___________ we can make our city more beautiful.13. He is too young to go to school.He isn’t __________ __________ to go to school.14. Erica was ill, so she didn’t go to school yesterday.Erica didn’t go to school _____________ ___________ her illness yesterday. 15. Sometimes children are so young that they can’t tell the bad from the good. Sometimes children are ___________ young to ____________ the bad from the good.16. Mum, the house is so small that we can’t live in it any longer.Mum, the house isn’t ____________ ___________ to live in it any longer.17. “Is that bridge the world’s longest sea bridge?” Cathy asked me.Cathy asked me ___________ the bridge ___________ the world’s longest sea bridge.18. He was so excited that he couldn’t sleep well last night.He was _____________ excited __________ sleep well last night.动词1.( ) Jenny _____________ with a Chinese family for two years. Now she's used to the life in China.A. staysB. would stayC. is stayingD. has stayed2.( ) Most people _____________ when the big earthquake (地震) took place in that area.A. are sleepingB. were sleepingC. sleptD. sleep3.( ) Nancy ______ lots of charity work in her free time since she entered college.4.( ) Tara is interested in Chinese culture. She _____________ Chinese at Fudan University next year.A. studiesB. studiedC. will studyD. had studied5.( ) Look! Jane's grandmother _____ with some aged people in the park.A. dancesB. dancedC. is dancingD. was dancing6.( ) Kevin ______ to wok in his hometown after he graduated from university.A. goesB. wentC. will goD. had gone7.( ) When summer _____________, some children will go to the seaside for fun.A. comesB. cameC. will comeD. would come8.( ) I ___________ you already that washing hands often will help prevent theA-H1N1 Flu.A. tellB. toldC. have toldD. am telling9.( ) He was still working on his project while other people ______________ a rest.A. were havingB. are havingC. will haveD. have10.( ) Todays is Father's Day. My mother _____________ a special dinner for my grandpa now.A. prepareB. preparedC. is preparingD. will prepare11.( ) Tina and her parents _____________ to England for sightseeing last summer.A. GoB. wentC. will goD. have gone12.( ) The Harry Potter books ________ pretty popular since they were published.A.becomeB. will becomeC. have becomeD. are becoming13.( ) Jack will never forget _____ happily with his friends in the sea that hot day.A. to swimB. swamC. swimD. swimming14.( ) You'd better ______________ learning English.A.to give upB. don't give upC. not to give upD. never give up15.( ) The film _____________ for five minutes.A. has begunB. beganC. is onD. has been on16.( ) They haven't decided which hotel _______________.A.to stayB. to stay atC. staying atD. for staying17.( ) John, you ______________ do your homework today. Leave it for tomorrow.A. needB. don't needC. don't need toD. didn't need18.( ) Do you often hear him ____________ in the classroom?A. singB. singsC. is singingD. to sing19.( ) I used to _____________ to school without breakfast, but now I have got used to _____________ some bread and milk for breakfast.A.going, haveB. go, haveC. going, havingD. go, having20.( ) They __________ about 2012 in London Olympic Games when we entered.A. talkB. are talkingC. have talkedD. were talking21.( ) Mother often asks Albert ______________ too much pocket money.A.not to spendB. don't spendC. not spendD. to not spend22.( ) During the summer holidays, the girl practiced _____________ the piano for three hours every day.A.playB. to playC. playedD. had played23.( ) He ______________ from Washington D.C. For three weeks.A.leftB. went awayC. has beenD. has been away24.( ) We will make laws _______________ our environment.A.to protectB. protectC. protectingD. protected25.( ) It's so hot today. I'd like to keep the windows _____________.A. openB. openingC. openedD. to open词性转换1.Li Hui's study in Britain was _______________ and rewarding. (enjoy)2.Mr. Brown has had much ______________ in teaching English. (experienced)3.It isn't easy for us to share our ideas _______________ in English. (free)4.Little Alice wants to be a _______________ when she grows up. (music)5.This library has the largest _______________ of books in the city. (collect)6.One of the ______________ helped me to check for the books on the computer. (library)7.If a newspaper doesn't have interesting sections, it won't attract its ____________. (read)8.When rust is formed, a _____________ change has taken place. (chemistry)9.Before we make any ______________, we should listen to what the others say. (decide)10.The fairy tale Cinderella was so ______________ that Helen has read it many times. (attract)11.He was employed as a full-time _______________ of the dictionary. (edit)12.She was too _______________ to look down from the top of the building. (frighten)13.The moon shone ______________ through the window. (bright)14.______________, the hunter saw a hare. (sudden)15."The sound of music" is a _______________ about a young nun and the seven children. (music)16.Who pays for your college ________________? (expense)17.Let's go _______________, shall we? (camp)18.With great care he put the second shoe down _______________ on the carpet.(silent)19.Real life ________________ usually refer to such outdoor activities as mountain climbing. (experienced)20.I've got a wide _______________ because there are many kinds of summer camps. (choose)21.The _______________ are having a discussion about the new magazine. (edit)22.I don't like horror movies. They are ________________. (frightened)23.Movies with famous actors and ________________ starring are always a big hit. (act)24.The music was so wonderful that she soon lost ______________ in it. (she)25.We were _____________ to hear that John failed the test. (surprise)puters today are _______________ used to help people make big decisions. (wide)27.The boy in blue is over five ________________ five inches tall. (foot)28.The project's aim is to clean up _______________ land and river. (pollute)29.It's our responsibility to take care of the children and the _____________. (age)30.It was two weeks before Christmas and mall was ______________ with shoppers. (crowd)31.We've seen a huge _______________ in the number of businesses using the Web. (grow)32.The paper advertises for two ______________ and several reporters. (edit)33.The supermarket encourages shoppers to _____________ plastic bags instead of using them once. (use)34.Since different children have different _______________ needs, our teaching should be student-centered. (education)35.We can try to use the wind, the sun and the sea to make ______________. (electric)36.There's a growing need of new housing in man _______________. (city)37.The government must take ____________ now to protect our environment. (act)38.Mary is ______________ about her lessons. (worry)39.We should stop people from ______________.(litter)40.China had developed _____________ in the past 20 years. (rapid)41.There are no simple _____________ to the problem of overpopulation. (solve)42.Fish cannot live in such ______________ water. (pollute)43.Shanghai has developed _______________ in the past ten years. (rapid)44.The Smiths are going to hod a party to celebrate their son's ______________ birthday. (twenty)45.The _____________ in this library can meet the need of different types of users. (serve)。

八年级语文下学期期末复习文言文检测试卷附答案一、文言文1．文言文阅读【甲】自渴①西南行不能百步，得石渠，民桥②其上。

有泉幽幽然，其鸣乍大乍细。

渠之广或咫尺，或倍尺，其长可十许步。

其流抵大石，伏出其下。

逾石而往，有石泓，吕蒲被之，青鲜环周。

又折西行，旁陷岩石下，北堕小潭。

潭幅员减百尺，清深多鯈鱼。

又北曲行纡余，睨若无穷。

然卒入于渴。

其侧皆诡石、怪木、奇卉、美箭③，可列坐而庥④焉。

风摇其巅韵动崖谷视之既静其听始远。

予从州牧得之。

揽去翳朽，决疏土石，既崇而焚，既酾⑤而盈。

惜其未始有传焉者，故累记其所属，遗之其人，书之其阳，俾后好事者求之得以易。

(选自柳宗元《石渠记》)【乙】钴鉧潭在西山西。

其始盖冉水自南奔注，抵山石，屈折东流；其颠委势峻，荡击益暴，啮其涯，故旁广而中深，毕至石乃止。

流沫成轮，然后徐行，其清而平者且十亩余，有树环焉，有泉悬焉。

其上有居者，以予之亟游也，一旦款⑥门来告曰：“不胜⑦官租、私券之委积，既芟⑧山而更居，愿以潭上田贸财⑨以缓祸。

”予乐而如其言。

则崇⑩其台，延其槛，行其泉，于高者而坠之潭，有声潀然11 。

尤与中秋观月为宜，于以见天之高，气之迥。

孰使予乐居夷而忘故土者？非兹潭也款？(选自柳宗元《钴鉧潭记》)【注释】①渴：指袁家渴，一泉水名。

②桥：建桥、架桥。

③箭：小竹。

④麻：同“休”，休息。

⑤酾(shī)：疏导，分流。

⑥款：叩，敲。

⑦胜：承受。

⑧芟(shān)：割草。

⑨贸财：以物变卖换钱。

⑩崇：加高。

11 潀(cóng)然：水声淙淙的样子。

⑩居夷：住在夷人地区。

(上述文章均为柳宗元被贬谪永州时所作)（1）参考《古汉语常用字字典》中的解释，谈谈“亟”字在文中的表达效果。

“亟”的义项：①jí急，赶快。

②qì(气)，屡次其上有居者，以予之亟游也。

（2）请用“/”给文中画线的句子断句(限断三处)。

风摇其巅韵动崖谷视之既静其听始远。

（3）用现代汉语写出下面句子的意思。

八年级下册数学期末复习计划（精选8篇）八年级下册数学期末复习计划精选（篇1）根据平时单元测试和期中测试学生试卷反映的问题，以及对考试质量的分析，本着分层、有针对性、有计划的复习原则，现将备考小组讨论的复习计划拟定如下：首先，复习生词。

内容范围是单元复习和单词总评，以试卷形式在6月13日前完成。

第二，诗歌听写和鉴赏练习。

诗歌听写包括朗读古诗词、现代诗词、课文中包含的诗词和句子等。

以试卷的形式，6月15日前完成。

第三，文言文复习。

范围包括文言文基础知识和文言文段落训练。

这一部分分为两步，一是复习文言文基础知识（生词的读音和写法、词语释义、通假字、一词多义、词类活用、关键句翻译等。

）6月18日前以试卷形式完成；语言段的训练，选择课内段，以试卷的形式在6月20日前完成。

第四，上课复习段落。

选择班上的名篇（现代文），如《藤野老师》《我的母亲》《列夫·托尔斯泰》《雪》，进行重点训练。

注意各类题型答题技巧的训练和指导，提醒学生注意考题，并以试卷形式实施一个“标准”，6月22日前完成。

第五，作文指导。

以叙事风格为主，针对学生的写作不能具体描述，而只能总结叙事的空洞弊端，加强引导。

这一部分可以在平时的作文中完成。

第六，查漏补缺阶段。

剩下的时间给学生，根据自己的实际，检查漏洞，填补空白。

这一部分由学生自主复习，重点是复习讲稿和课文笔记，对尚未理解的问题向老师和同学提问。

这一部分将在考试前一天完成。

第七，答题卡答题方法介绍，考前完成。

八年级下册数学期末复习计划精选（篇2）时光如水，岁月如歌。

一个月期一眨眼就要过去了。

将近期末了，为了我的寒假过得开心点，所以我必须做好期末的复习计划，内容如下：1、克制自己贪玩的欲望。

到了临近期末考试的时刻，每天晚上应适当减少玩儿和娱乐休闲的时间。

多拿出些时间来看看书。

2、上课认真听讲、积极发言，课下认真复习（语数英）。

上课一定要集中精力，不要走神，画出老师说的重点。

课下不要光想着玩儿，没事就拿出自己的书来看一看，回顾一下。

八年级语文下学期期末复习诗歌鉴赏试卷含答案一、八年级下册诗歌鉴赏1．阅读古诗，回答问题蒹葭蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜。

所谓伊人，在水一方。

溯洄从之，道阻且长。

溯游从之，宛在水中央。

蒹葭萋萋，白露未晞。

所谓伊人，在水之湄。

溯洄从之，道阻且跻。

溯游从之，宛在水中坻。

蒹葭采采，白露未已。

所谓伊人，在水之涘。

溯洄从之，道阻且右。

溯游从之，宛在水中沚。

（1）请用自己的话描述“蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜”所展现的画面。

（2）“宛在水中央”“宛在水中坻”“宛在水中沚”描绘出“伊人”怎样的形象？表达了主人公怎样的情感？2．古诗鉴赏登科后唐·孟郊昔日龃龊不足夸，今朝放荡思无涯。

春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花。

【注释】龊：这里指不如意的处境。

“春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花”一句历来为人称颂，请结合具体字词品析本句所蕴含的情思。

3．阅读《关雎》，回答下列小题。

关关雎鸠，在河之洲，窈窕淑女，君子好逑。

参差荇菜，左右流之，窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。

求之不得，寤寐思服。

悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。

参差荇菜，左右采之，窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。

参差荇菜，左右笔之，窈窕淑女，钟鼓楼之。

（1）诗中划线的四句诗运用了什么表现手法？请简要赏析。

（2）孔子说：“《关雎》乐而不淫，哀而不伤”，请你结合本诗谈谈对这句话的理解。

4．阅读下面一首诗，完成小题。

送杜少府之任蜀州王勃城阙辅三秦，风烟望五津。

与君离别意，同是宦游人。

海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

无为在歧路，儿女共沾巾。

（1）请从炼字的角度赏析“城阙辅三秦，风烟望五津”。

（2）这首诗一洗大多数送别诗的悲苦缠绵之态，请从画线诗句中任选一联具体分析。

5．阅读下面文章，完成练习。

沈明臣老母三年病，儿仍千里行。

秋风吹地冷，山月照霜明。

未别泪先下，问归难有声。

厨头有新妇，数可向藜羹。

注释：•藜羹：（lí gēng ）指用藜菜做的羹，泛指粗劣的食物。

（1）请解释诗句“问归难有声”中“归”的意思：________（2）“秋风吹地冷，山月照霜明”这两句景物描写有什么作用？（3）说出这首诗歌表达了诗人怎样的内心感受？6．阅读下面这首古诗，然后回答问题。

专题05 时间状语从句第一部分语法1. 引导时间状语从句的连词2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。

①when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。

Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？（get为短暂性动词）Sorry, I was out when you called me.对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。

（call为短暂性动词）Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。

（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）The students took notes as they listened.学生们边听课边做笔记。

（listen为延续性动词）②when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用when。

When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. （finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

When I got to the airport, the guests had left. （got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。

b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。

①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

②When / While / As she was making a phonecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。

八年级下学期道德与法治期末综合复习一、单选题1．人权的实质内容和目标是（）A．法律规定的公民的权利B．人自由、平等地生存和发展C．消除人与人之间的差异，共享和谐生活D．人可以无所顾忌地表达自己的见解，做自己想做的事情2．权利是把双刃剑，必须加强对权力的制约和监督，让权利在阳光下运行。

下列漫画能够体现这一观点的是（）A．B．C．D．3．制定劳动法的立法依据是（）A．宪法B．民法C．我国基本的经济制度D．我国的分配制度4．作为公民，我们要以实际行动维护和捍卫宪法的尊严，应努力做到（）①认真学习宪法，养成遵守宪法的自觉习惯②要以各种形式宣传宪法，让更多的群众了解宪法，维护宪法③对违反宪法的行为要坚决制裁，保护宪法的权威性④对国家机关和国家工作人员违反宪法的行为，可以向有关部门进行举报A．①②③④B．①②③C．①②④D．①③④5．公民最基本、最重要的权利是（）A．选举权和被选举权B．人身自由C．维护国家利益D．受教育权6．当事人在自愿、互谅的基础上，依据法律，直接对话，分清责任达成协议，解决纠纷。

日常生活中大量的权益争议是通过这种方式解决的。

这种当事人之间自行解决纠纷的维权方式是（）A．协商B．调解C．仲裁D．诉讼7．下图漫画所反映的问题告诫我们（）①积极参军是当前首要工作②兵役法保障军人的权利③法律要求我们做的必须去做④依法服兵役是公民的法定义务A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④8．在高铁列车上，乘客韩某因为烟瘾难忍，躲到列车厕所里抽烟，致使烟雾警报器报警。

铁路公安机关根据《铁路安全管理条例》，对韩某处以 500元行政罚款。

这告诉我们（）A．任何违法行为都要受到刑罚处罚B．在高铁上吸烟，属于民事违法行为C．公民的权利和义务是相互对立的D．公民要正确行使权利，自觉履行义务9．下图漫画《合力》反映了（）A．国有经济是我国经济制度的基础B．集体经济是国民经济的主导力量C．我国坚持多种所有制经济共同发展D．国家必须巩固和发展非公有制经济10．在我国人民当家作主有完善的国家制度予以保障。

人教版八年级化学(下册)期末复习及答案(时间：60分钟分数：100分)班级：姓名：分数：一、选择题（每小题只有1个选项符合题意。

共20小题，每题2分，共40分）1、碱式碳酸铜受热能分解成CuO、CO2和H2O三种物质，请你判断碱式碳酸铜的组成是（）A．只含有碳、氢、氧元素B．一定含有碳、氢、铜元素，可能含有氧元素C．一定含有碳、氢、氧元素，可能含有铜元素D．肯定含有碳、氢、氧、铜元素2、下列叙述正确的是（）A．化学反应过程中都会发生放热现象B．在化学反应中只有燃烧反应才能放出热量C．化学反应伴随着能量变化D．人类利用的能量都是通过化学反应获得的3、下图属“用后必须洗手”标志(贴在微毒或有毒的试剂瓶上)的是（）A． B． C． D．4、取用粉末状固体化学药品时，应使用的仪器是（）A．滴管B．研钵C．药匙D．镊子5、空气是人类宝贵的自然资源，下列有关空气的说法正确的是（）A．洁净的空气是纯净物B．空气中的氧气可以供给呼吸、支持燃烧、炼钢、化工生产等C．分离液态空气得到氧气和氮气的过程中发生了化学反应D．新鲜空气中不含二氧化碳6、实验室制取气体选择收集方法时，下列气体性质不需考虑的是（）A．密度B．可燃性C．溶解性D．能否与水反应7、硒元素具有抗衰老、抑制癌细胞生长的功能。

在硒的一种化合物硒酸钠(Na2SeO4)中，硒元素的化合价是（）A．-3 B．+6 C．+4 D．+78、如图，将充满CO2的试管倒扣在滴有紫色石蕊的蒸馏水中，一段时间后，下列实验现象描述正确的是（）①试管内液面上升②试管内溶液变红③试管内液面不上升④试管内溶液变蓝⑤试管内溶液不变色A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③⑤9、下列各图中和分别表示不同元素的原子，则其中表示化合物的是（）A． B．C． D．10、化学反应前后肯定没有发生变化的是（）①原子数目；②分子数目；③元素种类；④物质种类；⑤原子种类；⑥物质的总质量。

A．①④⑥B．①③⑤⑥ C．①②⑥ D．②③⑤11、“茉莉的香气清新淡雅，能够使人心情放松，檀木的香气持久醇厚，能缓解紧张焦虑的情绪……。

八年级语文期末复习（二）文言文对比阅读+名著阅读一、对比阅读小石潭记柳宗元从小丘西行百二十步，隔篁竹，闻水声，如呜珮环，心乐之。

伐竹取道，下见小潭，水尤清冽。

全石以为底，近岸，卷石底以出，为坻，为屿，为堪，为岩。

青树翠蔓，蒙络摇缀，参差披拂。

潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依，日光下澈，影布石上。

怡然不动，俶尔远逝，往来翕忽，似与游者相乐。

潭西南而望，斗折蛇行，明灭可见。

其岸势犬牙差互，不可知其源。

坐潭上，四面竹树环合，寂寥无人，凄神寒骨，悄怆幽邃。

以其境过清，不可久居，乃记之而去。

同游者：吴武陵，龚古，余弟宗玄。

隶而从者，崔氏二小生，曰恕已，曰奉壹。

天目袁宏道天目盈山皆壑，飞流淙淙，若万匹缟①，一绝也。

石色苍润，石骨奥巧②，石径曲折，石壁竦峭，二绝也。

虽幽谷县岩，庵宇皆精，三绝也。

余耳不喜雷，而天目雷声甚小，听之若婴儿声，四绝也。

晓起看云，在绝壑下，白净如绵，奔腾如浪，尽大地作琉璃海，诸山尖出云上若萍，五绝也。

然云变态最不常，其观奇甚，非山居久者不能悉其形状。

山树大者，几四十围，松形如盖，高不逾数尺，一株直万余钱，六绝也。

头茶之香者，远胜龙井，笋味类绍兴破塘，而清远过之，七绝也。

余谓大江之南，修真栖隐之地，无逾此者，便有出缠结室③之想矣。

[注]①缟：白色精细的生绢。

②石骨奥巧：山石的棱角形态巧妙，难以形容。

③出缠结室：归隐山林。

1．请解释下列加点词在文中的意思。

（1）水尤．清冽尤：__________________（2）潭中鱼可．百许头可：__________________（3）以其境过清．清：__________________（4）无逾．此者逾：__________________2．请把下面的句子翻译成现代汉语。

（1）日光下澈，影布石上。

（2）非山居久者不能悉其形状。

3．两文都描写了“石”的___________；《天目》一文描写“石”的颜色的句子是“___________”。

4．“触景生情”是说受到当前情景的触动而产生某种感情。