仪表风系统

主机1主机阴转子阳转子主机主机Service Team 主机Service Team 主机Service Team 主机吸入端Service Team 主机排气端以免冷却剂断油电磁阀失电关闭，得电时打开即启机时得电，分离筒通过下部的初步分离，气流已基本上是Service TeamService Team回油管MOD/ACS(SE INTELLISYS SG INTELLISYSCURRENT STATUS•CURRENT STATUS•（1）选中加亮的参数项便出现相应的菜单•不适用于自动跨线起动器•通过显示报警上下移动箭头按钮可看到下面所列每条内容的名字和ALARM HISTORY items•有以下几种警告信息可能出现：•按WARNING按钮，显示器将回到WARNING屏幕以及当发生报警时。

ALARM字样将在显示屏幕上闪烁，并用上面所示大号字体显示，显示信息还指出引起报警的•屏幕上可能出现下列报警信息：•HIGH AIREND DISCH TEMP(•REMOTE START FAILURE(Service TeamService Team4、电脑控制仪使用微热吸附式干燥机的智能控制仪是专门用于控制干燥机系统自动运行的。

该仪器使用了PLC中的FP-e，在系统运行中，通过电磁阀，自动控制气膜阀的切换；具有进气温度上限报警、当温度传感器损坏或未能连接能够自动停机等功能。

操作调整过滤减压阀上旋钮，使气动薄膜阀门的进口气压在3kg/cm2左右。

Service Team通过FP-eService Team2、调整调压阀供薄膜切断阀运行进口气压力为•本设备需按要求有效接地，特别是电脑仪和管状电热元件•切换阀门：本干燥机采用双筒自动切换，以完成吸附剂。

表B3—1施工组织设计(方案)报审表工程名称：山西潞安高硫煤清洁利用油化电热一体化示范项目全厂工艺及供热外管安装工程编号：W/ZHEJ-5300003-B3-1-PI-023表C2-1施工组织设计（方案）审批表编号：W/ZHEJ-5300003-C2-1-PI-023山西潞安高硫煤清洁利用油化电热一体化示范项目全厂工艺及供热外管安装工程蒸汽、蒸汽凝液、仪表风、工厂风系统吹扫方案编制：审核：审批：日期：中化二建集团有限公司地址：联系电话：目录1. 工程概况 (1)2. 编制依据 (1)3. 吹扫程序 (2)4.蒸汽吹扫明确工作内容 (2)5.吹扫条件的确认 (3)6.吹扫、冲洗管道质量标准。

(3)7.安全与技术措施 (4)8.环境保护措施 (5)9.吹扫机具、吹扫用料计划 (5)10劳动力组织 (6)11.吹扫领导小组： (7)12.吹扫施工小组 (7)13.安全保障体系 (8)14.质量保障体系 (9)15.事故应急措施 (9)16.JHA分析 (10)附件一.管道吹扫/清洗检验记录 (12)附件二.吹扫流程图 (13)1. 工程概况本工程为山西省襄垣县王桥镇工业园区山西潞安矿业（集团）有限责任公司高硫煤清洁利用油化电热一体化示范项目全厂工艺及供热外管蒸汽、蒸汽凝液、仪表风、工厂风系统吹扫的工作。

为统一考虑并合理划分试压系统、统一协调，减少吹扫次数，减少资源和材料的浪费，防止漏检，保证试压工作顺利进行，特编制此方案。

参与吹扫的管道介质有0.5MPa饱和蒸汽、1.0MPa蒸汽（LS）、5.0MPa过热蒸汽（LHS）、9.8MPa高压蒸汽（HS）、5.0MPa透平凝液（LHC）、工厂风（PA）、仪表空气（IA）。

2. 编制依据2.1《石油化工剧毒、可燃介质管道工程施工及验收规范》SH3501-20112.2《现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工及验收规范》 GB50236 -20112.3《工业金属管道工程施工及验收规范》GB50235-20102.4《工业金属管道工程质量检验评定标准》GB50184-2011。

仪表风系统操作规程仪表风系统操作规程一、引言仪表风系统是工业生产过程中的关键设备之一，负责风力传动以及相关仪表监测工作。

为了确保仪表风系统的安全运行，特制定以下操作规程。

二、操作人员要求1. 操作人员必须经过专业培训，具备相关的技术知识和操作经验。

2. 操作人员必须持有相应的操作证书，并定期进行技术培训和考核。

三、操作前的准备工作1. 操作人员应仔细阅读仪表风系统的操作说明书，了解系统的结构、工作原理和安全要求。

2. 检查仪表风系统的各个设备是否处于正常工作状态，如有故障或异常情况应及时报修。

3. 确保仪表风系统的相关仪表监测设备已经校准完毕，并处于可靠的工作状态。

四、操作步骤1. 开机前的检查：a. 检查电源是否正常，仪表风系统的所有设备是否处于关机状态。

b. 检查风机、压缩机、冷却器等设备的油液、冷却水等供给是否充足。

c. 检查仪表风系统的管路是否正确连接，阀门是否处于正常状态。

2. 启动仪表风系统：a. 按照操作说明书的要求，逐个启动各个设备，确保设备的启动顺序和时间间隔合理。

b. 监测仪表风系统的运行状态，确保设备运行平稳，无异常声音或振动。

3. 运行过程中的操作：a. 检查设备的运行参数，如风机的转速、压缩机的排气压力等，确保其处于正常范围内。

b. 注意监测仪表风系统的温度、液位、流量等仪表参数，及时处理异常情况。

c. 定期检查仪表风系统的油液、润滑脂等润滑物的供给，确保设备正常运行。

五、停机及事故处理1. 停机时：a. 按照先后顺序逐个关闭各个设备，确保关闭顺序和时间间隔合理。

b. 切断仪表风系统的电源，并进行必要的安全防护措施，如施加锁定装置等。

2. 发生事故时：a. 立即停止仪表风系统的运行，切断电源。

b. 在安全的条件下，及时处理事故，如排除故障、抢救被困人员等。

c. 报告事故，并按照公司的规定进行事故调查和处理。

六、操作安全注意事项1. 操作人员必须严格遵守操作规程，不得违章操作或私自改变设备设置。

October 1997 Process Industry PracticesProcess ControlPIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems CriteriaPURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICESIn an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice.©Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, TheUniversity of Texas at Austin, 3208 Red River Street, Suite 300, Austin,Texas 78705. PIP member companies may copy this practice for their internaluse.Not printed with state funds.October 1997Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 8Process Industry PracticesProcess ControlPIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems CriteriaTable of Contents 1. Introduction..................................21.1 Purpose. (2)1.2 Scope.................................................22. References....................................22.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP).........22.2 Industry Codes and Standards............23. General (2)4. Air Quality (3)5. Pressure Requirements (3)6. Capacity/Sizing (3)7. Equipment (4)7.1 Compressor (4)7.2 Intake Air Filter (5)7.3 Compressor Aftercooler (5)7.4 Air Receiver (5)7.5 Air Dryer (5)7.6 Air Dryer Prefilter (5)7.7 Afterfilter (5)7.8 Monitoring and Control Devices (5)8. Backup System............................69. Piping.. (6)10. Valves (7)11. Airsets (7)12. Testing (7)PIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems Criteria October 19971.Introduction1.1PurposeThe purpose of this Practice is to provide minimum requirements for design of airsystems supplying pneumatically actuated instruments and valves.1.2ScopeThis Practice provides, in general terms, requirements for air quality, capacity, sizing,and testing requirements for instrument air systems. It also addresses requirements forequipment, piping, valves, and airsets to be used in instrument air systems. Guidelineinformation and installation details are addressed in other Process Industry Practices(PIP) documents.2.ReferencesWhen adopted in this specification or in the contract documents, the latest edition of thefollowing codes, standards, specifications, and references in effect on the date of contractaward shall be used, except as otherwise noted. Short titles will be used herein whenappropriate.2.1Process Industry Practices (PIP)–PIP PCCIP001 - Instrument Piping and Tubing Systems Criteria–PIP PCEIA001 - Instrument Air Systems Guidelines–PIP PCIGN008 - Purge Installation Detail (In process)–PIP PN12CS2U - Piping Material Specification 12CS2U Class 125RF,Carbon Steel, 0.125” C.A. Utility (Air and Water)–PIP RESC001 - Specification for Integrally Geared Centrifugal AirCompressor Packages2.2Industry Codes and Standards• American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME)–ASME - Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1• (ISA) The International Society for Measurement and Control–ISA S7.3 - Quality Standard for Instrument Air3.General3.1Design of instrument air supply systems shall be adequate to ensure the safe andreliable operation of the facilities supplied. Air for instrument applications shall befree of water, oil, and particulate material, have a steady pressure, and a dependablesource of supply.Page 2 of 8Process Industry PracticesPIP PCCIA001 October 1997Instrument Air Systems Criteria3.2There shall be no cross-connection between the instrument air system and any other airsystem other than the backup system.3.3Instrument air shall not be used as a supply for operation of pneumatic tools orcleaning of piping and equipment.3.4Instrument air shall not be used as a supply for breathing air or other emergencyrespiratory supplies without owner approval and additional monitoring.3.5Instrument air for purging process systems shall be utilized only with owner approval.Where instrument air is used for purging, provision shall be made to preventcontamination of the air system from backflow of hazardous or flammable materials,at the process connections, see PIP PCIGN008, (in process).4.Air Quality4.1Air quality shall meet the requirements of ISA S7.3.4.1.1Dew point for outdoor installations: The dew point at line pressure shall be atleast 10° C (18° F) below the minimum local recorded ambient temperature atthe plant site.4.1.2Dew point for indoor installations: The dew point at line pressure shall be atleast 10° C (18° F) below the minimum temperature to which any part of theinstrument air system is exposed at any season of the year. In no case shalldew point at line pressure exceed 2° C (approximately 35° F).4.1.3The maximum particle size in the air stream at an instrument shall be three (3)micrometers.4.1.4The maximum total oil or hydrocarbon content, shall be as close to zero aspossible, and under no circumstances shall it exceed one (1) ppm.5.Pressure Requirements5.1For flexibility and allowance for pressure drop through drying equipment, distributionlines, and pressure regulators, the pressure at the air dryer outlet shall be a minimumof 100 psig.Comment: Pneumatically operated instruments require air pressures of 35 psig orless. Control valve positioners and piston actuators may require air at 60 psig orhigher.6.Capacity/Sizing6.1The capacity of the system shall be based upon the total requirements of all connectedloads, assuming all instruments operate simultaneously at maximum air consumption.In addition to capacity for future expansion, a minimum 10 percent of capacity shallbe added for miscellaneous instrument purges and distribution system leaks.Process Industry Practices Page 3 of 8PIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems Criteria October 19976.2In the absence of accurate consumption data, a reasonable estimate shall be made byallowing 2.0 Standard Cubic Feet per Minute (SCFM) per device.6.3Pipelines in the distribution system shall be sized so the maximum pressure dropbetween the dryer outlet and the most remote user does not exceed 5 psi when all usersare operating at maximum air consumption.6.4All piping headers shall be sized for acceptable pressure drops with allowance for anincreased number of users and blow down.6.5When sizing the air system, consideration for large valve actuators shall be based ondisplacement x strokes/minute.6.6Purge consumption rates shall be calculated from orifice size or maximum flow ofrotameter.7.EquipmentThe intent of this section is to give instrument personnel basic knowledge of the equipmentrequired for an instrument air system. Other requirements can be found in PIP documents and PIP PCEIA001, and PIP RESC001.The Instrument Air supply system shall include the following:• Compressors• Intake air filter• Aftercoolers• Air receiver• Air dryers• Air dryer prefilters• Afterfilters• Monitoring and control devicesAll equipment of the air system shall be capable of being isolated by hand valves. Bypassesmay be used around all components except the air filter on the standby air tie-in and the airdryer.7.1Compressors7.1.1Compressors shall be sized to deliver air at the specified pressure at rated flowand specified ambient temperature.7.1.2Where lubricated compressors are used, provision shall be made to removethese lubricants from the air supply.Page 4 of 8Process Industry PracticesPIP PCCIA001 October 1997Instrument Air Systems CriteriaComment: Non-lubricated compressors are commonly used to preventproblems with oil or lubricant contamination.7.2Intake Air FilterThe intake air filter shall be located away from sources of dirt, moisture, and toxic,noxious, corrosive, or flammable gases. If possible, the intake air filter shall be on thenorth or coolest side of the building to take maximum advantage of the effect of intakeair temperature upon compressor capacity. The air intake filter shall be installed at aheight to exclude ground level dust and debris.7.3AftercoolersThe compressor shall have an aftercooler to remove heat of compression and moisture.7.4Air Receiver7.4.1The air receiver shall be sized for a residence time of 1 and 1/2 minutes of therated compressor capacity.7.4.2The air receiver shall be constructed in accordance with ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division I, provided with a spring-loadedpressure relief valve and equipped with a readily visible indicating pressuregauge.7.4.3The receiver shall be installed as close as possible to the compressor oraftercooler with sufficient clearance to permit a complete external inspection,with manholes, handholes, and drains readily accessible.7.4.4 A drain pipe and valve, and an automatic trap shall be installed to removeliquid.7.5Air DryersAn air drying system that meets the dew point requirements of ISA S7.3 shall beprovided to remove moisture from compressed air.7.6Air Dryer Prefilters7.6.1 A prefilter shall be installed upstream of the dryer to prevent the entrance ofoil, water, or other liquids.7.6.2Parallel prefilters with valving for maintenance shall be provided in instanceswhere the facilities being supplied cannot be shut down for maintenance.7.7AfterfiltersParallel afterfilters shall be installed on all instrument air systems to provide finalcleaning of the air stream by removing particulate matter from the dryer discharge.7.8Monitoring and Control DevicesWhere applicable, the following functions shall be monitored, controlled and alarmedto ensure safe and reliable operation of the instument air system and components. Process Industry Practices Page 5 of 8PIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems Criteria October 1997• Compressor interstage temperature (alarm and shutdown)• Compressor speed (variable speed machines)• Compressor vibration (alarm and shutdown - for centrifugal compressors)• Cooling water flow and temperature• Discharge air pressure• Compressor oil pressure and temperature (shutdown and alarm) for pressurelubricated compressors• Header pressure (remote indication)• Low air header pressure (alarm)• Manufacturer requirements for alarms8.Backup System8.1 A standby compressor with an alternate power source, or a tie-in to another air systemshall be provided and arranged to cut in automatically and sound an alarm if thesystem pressure drops 10 psi below design conditions. When a tie-in to another airsource is used as the standby, and connected between the compressor and dryer, aprefilter shall be installed ahead of the dryer to remove water and oil from the standbysource.8.2 A method shall be provided for manually switching to the backup system.8.3The capacity of the backup system shall be equal to that of the primary system andshall be at the same pressure.8.4Backup systems that use an inert gas as the backup supply shall require ownerapproval.8.5Backup system design including the design for backflow prevention shall requireowner approval.9.Piping9.1Instrument air branch lines shall originate from the top of the header.9.2Block valves are required for branch connections less than NPS 2 and shall be locatedat the header.9.3The main instrument air header size shall be 2 inches minimum.9.4 A 1 inch size line shall supply no more than 15 instruments.9.5Minimum size of takeoffs to individual users shall be 1/2-inch.Page 6 of 8Process Industry PracticesPIP PCCIA001 October 1997Instrument Air Systems Criteria9.6 A maximum of four users (single pneumatic instruments or valves) may be connectedto one 1/2-inch takeoff.9.7Threaded joints in instrument air service shall be made using Teflon® dispersionsealant. Use of Teflon® tape as a substitute shall be only with owner approval.Comment: When installed improperly, small pieces of Teflon® tape can flake off,enter the air stream and create a potential plugging hazard for the internals ofpneumatic devices.9.8Headers shall be valved and plugged at ends for future expansion.9.9Materials of construction for pipe for instrument air systems shall conform toPIP PN12CS2U. Materials for tubing for instrument air systems shall conform to PIPPCCIP001.9.10Spare taps complete with valve and plug shall be installed on instrument air sub-headers to allow for future instrument installations that require air.10.Valves10.1If quarter turn ball valves are used, valves shall be provided with trip proof handles.10.2Each consumer of air shall have its own valve for isolating it from the air system.11.Airsets11.1 A separate airset shall be installed for each field mounted pneumatic transmitter,controller, control valve, or other pneumatic device. Users that require full supplysystem pressure shall be provided with filters with non-paper elements and integraldripwell and draincocks.11.2Airsets shall be filter regulators with non-paper filter element and integral dripwell anddraincock.11.3Airsets shall be adjustable and provided with internal relief.11.4Gauges shall be provided to indicate regulated pressure from the airset.12.Testing12.1Prior to energizing air supply to instruments, all instrument air piping shall beinspected and cleaned of trash, particles and foreign objects by blowing down with aclean dry source of air.12.2Instrument air systems shall be pressure tested pneumatically using dry air or inertgas. Hydrostatic testing shall not be done due to the risk of contamination.Process Industry Practices Page 7 of 8PIP PCCIA001Instrument Air Systems Criteria October 199712.3Leak tests shall not be made at pressures higher than the maximum operating pressureof the system.12.4Liquid leak detector (liquid soap solution),shall be used to check for leaks. Leaks shallbe repaired only after the system is depressurized.Page 8 of 8Process Industry Practices。

仪表风干燥系统故障的原因分析及处理王立京【摘要】对中原石油化工有限责任公司仪表风管网压力剧烈波动问题进行分析,故障原因主要是:①仪表风干燥系统SR751B 2号罐进气阀KV02B上电磁阀发生故障,该关闭时未关闭;②控制面板显示阀位与实际不符;③顺控系统在阀位信号未满足时继续下一步运行,未及时停止,造成大量空气从KV02B泄放,使仪表风管网压力突降.由于处理及时,未对后续系统产生影响,彻底解决了问题,保证了装置的安全长周期生产.【期刊名称】《炼油技术与工程》【年(卷),期】2016(046)003【总页数】4页(P45-48)【关键词】仪表风干燥系统;故障;空压站;管网【作者】王立京【作者单位】中国石化中原石油化工有限责任公司,河南省濮阳市457000【正文语种】中文2015年1月24日3∶05，中原石油化工有限责任公司仪表风管网系统压力突然降低，造成管网压力剧烈波动，瞬间最低值仅0.5 MPa，备用仪表风球罐开始补压，操作工紧急启动第一空压站压缩机GB931B给系统增压;1月24日11∶05和19∶05，同样的故障现象再次出现。

由于该车间第一空压站、第二空压站和两套空分系统的纯化器系统均与仪表风管网有管道的联通，仪表风管网系统又遍布全公司，并且有送至厂外的管线，管网情况复杂，在短时间内不易确认导致仪表风管网压力波动的具体部位。

经过详细的检查、分析，最终确认是第二空压站SR751B 仪表风干燥系统阀门及切换故障所致，及时进行了相应的处理措施，彻底解决了问题。

2.1 主要设备简介第二空压站是2011年公司扩能的一套煤化工生产线的配套公用工程，为一套600 kt/a甲醇制烯烃(MTO)装置和配套的100 kt/a聚丙烯装置提供动力风和仪表风。

第二空压站的主要设备包括:1台自洁式空气过滤器F751，处理气量为24 dam3/h(标准状况下，下同)，去除空气中的杂质，使压缩机吸入洁净的空气;1台950DA3型离心式空压机C751，为后续系统提供流量为15 dam3/h、排气压力为0.9 MPa (绝对压力)的压缩空气;2台仪表空气增压机C752A/B，将0.14 m3/min (吸入状态)的仪表风增压至不小于2.0 MPa，送往仪表空气事故备用储罐D752储存;2套仪表空气干燥器SR751A/B，处理气量为120 m3/min，作用是将压缩空气干燥、纯化为露点低于－30℃的仪表风并送出;1个压缩空气缓冲分液罐D751，容积40 m3。