制商业发票

商业发票（COMMERCIAL INVOICE）又称为发票，是出口贸易结算单据中最重要的单据之一，所有其他单据都应以它为中心来缮制。

因此，在制单顺序上，往往首先缮制商业发票。

商业发票是卖方对装运货物的全面情况（包括：品质、数量、价格，有时还有包装）详细列述的一种货款价目的清单。

它常常是卖方陈述、申明、证明和提示某些事宜的书面文件；另外，商业发票也是作为进口国确定征收进口关税的基本资料。

一般来说，发票无正副本之分。

来证要求几份，制单时在此基础之上多制一份供议付行使用。

如需正本，加打"ORIGIN"。

不同发票的名称表示不同用途，要严格根据信用证的规定制作发票名称。

一般发票都印有"INVOICE"字样，前面不加修饰语，如信用证规定用"COMMERCIAL INVOICE"、"SHIPPING INVOICE"、"TRADE INVOICE"或"INVOICE"，均可作商业发票理解。

信用证如规定"DETAILED INVOICE"是指详细发票，则应加打"DETAILED INVOICE"字样，而且发票内容中的货物名称、规格、数量、单价、价格条件、总值等应一一详细列出。

来证如要求"CERTIFIED INVOICE"证实发票，则发票名称为"CERTIFIED INVOICE"。

同时，在发票内注明"We hereby certify that the contents of invoice herein are true & correct"。

当然，发票下端通常印就的"E. &. O. E."(有错当查)应去掉。

来证如要求"MANUFACTURE'S INVOICE"厂商发票，则可在发票内加注"We hereby certify that we are actual manufacturer of the goods invoice"。

案例：制作商业发票根据以下相关信息制作商业发票:IRREVOCABLE DOCUMENTARY CREDIT NO.: 211LC200116 DATED: 18FEB2005.DA TE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY: 17 APR. 2005 IN BENEFICIARY’S COUNTRY BENEFICIARY: ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.JIN AN MANSION 306TUNXI ROAD, HEFEI, ANHUI, CHINAA/C NO.: 6018090000-185APPLICANT: HOP TONG HAI (PTE) LTD.BLK 15, NORTH BRIDGE ROAD#04-9370 BARCELONA SPAIN 100032FAX: 2953397AMOUNT: USD37850.00UNITED STA TES DOLLARS THIRTY SEVEN THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDREDAND FIFTY ONL Y.PARTIAL SHIPMENT: NOT ALLOWEDTRANSHIPMENT: ALLOWEDSHIPMENT FROM CHINA TO BARCELONA W/T A T HONG KONGLATEST SHIPMENT DA TE: 7 APR. 2005THIS CREDIT IS A V AILABLE WITH THE ADVISING BANK BY NEGOTIATION AGAINST PRESENTATION OF THE DOCUMENTS DETAILED HEREIN AND BENEFICIARY’S DRAFT(S) AT 30 DAYS AFTER SIGHT DRAWN ON ISSUING BANK FOR FULL INVOICE V ALUE.DOCUMENTS REQUIRED (IN THREE-FOLD UNLESS OTHERWISE STIPULATED):1. SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE;2. SIGNED PACKING LIST;3. CERTIFICATE OF CHINESE ORIGIN;4. INSURANCE POLICY/CERTIFICATE ENDORSED IN BLANK FOR 110% CIF VALUE, COVERING ALL RISKS AND WAR RISK;5. FULL SET OF CLEAN ‘ON BOARD’OCEAN BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO ORDER OF BANK OF CHINA, BARCELONA MARKED FREIGHT PREPAID AND NOTIFY APPLICANT.6. SHIPMENT ADVICE SHOWING THE NAME OF THE CARRYING VESSEL, DATE OF SHIPMENT, MARKS, AMOUNT AND THE NUMBER OF THIS DOCUMENTARY CREDIT TO APPLICANT WITHIN 3 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF BILL OF LADING.EVIDENCING SHIPMENT OF:1300 DOZENS 100% COTTON OVERALLS, SHIRTS & SINGLETS AS PER S/C NO.02EC301302 DATED 26-01-2005 AS DETAILS BELOW:1) 600 DOZENS 100% COTTON OVERALLS AT USD45.00 PER DOZEN. CIF BARCELONA;2) 600 DOZENS 100% COTTON SHIRTS AT USD16.50 PER DOZEN. CIF BARCELONA;3) 100 DOZENS 100% COTTON SINGLETS AT USD9.50 PER DOZEN. CIF BARCELONA.OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS:1. ALL BANKING CHARGES, INCLUDING REIMBURSEMENT CHARGES, OUTSIDE BARCELONA ARE FOR ACCOUNT OF BENEFICIARY.2. THE NUMBER AND DATE OF THIS CREDIT AND THE NEME OF ISSUING BANK MUST BE QUOTED ON ALL DRAFTS.3. A FEE OF USD50.00 (OR ITS EQUIV ALENT) TO BE DEDUCTED FROM THE PROCEEDS UPON EACH PRESENTA TION OF DISCREPANT DOCUMENTS EVEN IN THE CREDIT INDICATES THAT ALL BANKING CHARGES ARE FOR THE ACCOUNT OF APPLICANT AND ACCEPTANCE OF SUCH DOCUMENTS DOES NOT IN ANY W AY ALTER THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS CREDIT.4. ONE ADDITIONAL COPY OF COMMERCIAL INVOICE AND PHOTOCOPY OF TRANSPORT DOCUMENT(S)/DELIVERY ORDER(S) ARE REQUIRED TO BE PRESENTED TOGETHER WITH THE DOCUMENTS FOR THE ISSUING BANK’S RETENTION, OTHERWISE USD5.00 OR EQUIV ALENT WILL BE DEDUCTED FROM THE PROCEEDS IF THESE EXTRA DOCUMENTS ARE NOT PRESENTED.5. 5 PCT MORE OR LESS IN QUANTITY AND AMOUNT ARE ALLOWED.6. SHIPMENT MUST BE EFFECTED BY 1×20’FULL CONTAINER LOAD. B/L TO SHOW EVIDENCE OF THIS EFFECT IS REQUIRED.7. ONE SET OF NON-NEGOTIABLE SHIPPING DOCUMENTS TO BE FAXED TO APPLICANT AFTER SHIPMENT. BENEFICIARY’S CERTIFICATE TO THIS EFFECT IS REQUIRED.INSTRUCTIONS TO THE NEGOTIATING BANK:THE AMOUNT AND DA TE OF EACH NEGOTIATION MUST BE ENDORSED ON THE REVERSE OF THE ORIGINAL CREDIT BY THE NEGOTIATING BANK. ALL DOCUMENTS ARE TO BE SENT TO ISSUING BANK IN ONE LOT.UPON RECEIPT OF DOCUMENTS IN CONFORMITY WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS CREDIT, WE SHALL REIMBURSE YOU BY CREDITING OUR HEAD OFFICE’S ACCOUNT WITH US.THIS CREDIT IS ISSUED SUBJECT TO UNIFORM CUSTOMS AND PRACTICE FOR DOCUMENTARY CREDTIS (1993 REVISION) ICC PUBLICATION NO.500.BANK OF CHINA, BARCELONA+++++++AUTHORISED SIGNA TURES 2、其他信息（1）PACKING INFORMA TIONC.T.HBARCELONANO.:1-314（3）DATE OF SHIPMENT: MARCH 31, 2005VESSEL NAME AND VOY AGE NO.: TIANSHUN V. 138具体制作商业发票如下：ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.JIN AN MANSION 306, TUNXI ROAD, HEFEI, ANHUI, CHINACOMMERCIAL INVOICETo: HOP TONG HAI (PTE) LTD.BLK 15, NORTH BRIDGE ROAD#04-9370 BARCELONA SPAIN 100032 Invoice No.: AXAO2C3-0474 Invoice Date:MAR. 18, 2005 S/C No.: 02EC301302S/C Date:JAN. 26TH, 2005From: SHANGHAI To: BARCELONA W/T AT HONG KONG Letter of Credit No.: 211LC200116Issued By: BANK OF CHINA, BARCELONATOTAL: 1325 DOZS USD38975.00SAY TOTAL: UNITED STA TES DOLLARS THIRTY EIGHT THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FIVE ONL Y.ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.+++++++++IN 1 ORIGINAL AND 3 COPIES案例：制作装箱单根据以下信息制作装箱单：2、商业发票ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.JIN AN MANSION 306, TUNXI ROAD, HEFEI, ANHUI, CHINACOMMERCIAL INVOICETo: HOP TONG HAI (PTE) LTD.BLK 15, NORTH BRIDGE ROAD#04-9370 BARCELONA SPAIN 100032 Invoice No.: AXAO2C3-0474 Invoice Date:MAR. 18, 2005 S/C No.: 02EC301302S/C Date:JAN. 26TH, 2005From: SHANGHAI To: BARCELONA W/T AT HONG KONG Letter of Credit No.: 211LC200116Issued By: BANK OF CHINA, BARCELONATOTAL: 1325 DOZS USD38975.00SAY TOTAL: UNITED STA TES DOLLARS THIRTY EIGHT THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FIVE ONL Y.ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.+++++++++IN 1 ORIGINAL AND 3 COPIES现制作装箱单如下：ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.JIN AN MANSION 306, TUNXI ROAD, HEFEI, ANHUI, CHINAPACKING LISTTo: HOP TONG HAI (PTE) LTD.BLK 15, NORTH BRIDGE ROAD#04-9370 BARCELONA SPAIN 100032 Invoice No.: AXAO2C3-0474 Invoice Date:MAR. 18, 2005 S/C No.: 02EC301302S/C Date:JAN. 26TH, 2005From: SHANGHAI To: BARCELONA W/TAT HONG KONGLetter of Credit No.: 211LC200116Date of Shipment: MAR. 31, 2005SAYTOTAL:THREE HUNDRED FOURTEEN CARTONS ONLY.ANHUI CHEMICALS IMP. & EXP. CO. LTD.+++++++++IN ONE ORIGINAL AND TWO COPIES。

商业发票的种类和模板1、商业发票（Commercial Invoice），是记帐单据简称发票（Invoice），是出口商向进口商开立的发货价目清单，也是卖方凭以向买方索取所提供的货物或服务的价款的依据。

商业发票是全套单据的中心。

2、商业发票的作用1）、商业发票是全部单据的中心，是出口商装运货物并表明是否履约的总说明。

2）、便于进口商核对已发货物是否符合合同条款的规定。

3）、作为出口商和进口商记帐的依据。

4）、在出口地和进口地作为报关缴税的计算依据。

5）、在不用汇票的情况下，发票替代汇票作为付款的依据。

3、商业发票的种类1）、领事发票（Consular Invoice）有些国家法令规定，进口货物必须要领取进口国在出口国或其邻近地区的领事签证的发票，交进口商作为有关货物报关和缴纳关税的前提条件之一。

领事发票和商业发票是平等的单据。

领事发票是一份官方的单证，有些国家规定了领事发票的固定格式，这种格式可以从领事馆获得。

2）、海关发票（Customs Invoice）海关发票是非洲、美洲和大洋洲等某些国家海关规定的格式，由出口商填制，供进口商凭以报关用的一种特别的发票。

其主要内容是商品的价值(Value of Goods)和商品的产地(Origin of Goods)。

3）、厂商发票（Manufacturer Invoice）厂商发票是厂方出具给出口商的销售货物的凭证。

来证要求提供厂商发票，其目的是检查是否有削价倾销行为，以便确定应否征收"反倾销税"。

4、商业发票条款商业发票是出口单据中的中心单据，所有其他单据都要参照商业发票的有关内容缮制，如各种单据中的货名，唛头、包装、数量、毛净重等都要与商业发票相一致。

如果商业发票缮制有误，其它单据也就跟着发生差错，尤其是信用证项下的商业发票，必须准确而全面的体现各有关条款的具体要求，因此，在缮制发票时，正确理解信用证条款是非常必要的。

例21 Note carefully the description of the commodities in the credit since it must be described in exactly the same terms 1n your documents．此条款要求受益人必须十分注意信用证中的商品描述，出口人提供的发票必须与信用证的规定完全一致。