初中英语五选四专项练习上课讲义

英语中考语法选择题综合练习提高（沪）知识定位上海中考英语卷重视考查学生的基础语言知识和基本语言能力。

试题排列由易到难，考点分布科学合理，考察学生对各类实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词）和各类虚词（连词、介词、冠词）的掌握情况，考察学生的音标、各类句型和情景问题的掌握情况。

知识梳理形容词、副词：中考考点注意：1. 原级，比较级，最高级三者的转换。

2. 序数词+形容词最高级“表示第几个最……”the third logest river in the world3. 以“a-”开头的形容词只能做表语。

afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep 等。

ill 和sick 区别ill 只能做表语不能做定语a sick man (正确) an ill man(错误) a lonely man (正确) an alone man (错误)4. 形容词副词同形：early,enough,far,fast,long,low,little,high,late,hard,lively 等。

hard（adj）难的，硬的；（adv）努力地hardly 几乎不（不是hard 的副词）5. too much 和much tootoo much （太多）+不可数名词much too（太、非常）+形容词或者副词6. sometime,some time,sometimes,some times 的区别sometime + 一个时间点（表示过去或将来的某个时刻）some time + 一段时间sometimes（=now and then）有时，常用一般现在时。

some times 几次7. close 与closelyclose 做副词为紧密的，靠近多用来指实际意义上的“接近”。

closely 指抽象意义上的“接近”意为“仔细地，严密地”。

Please watch the thief _____. CloselyIt was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______ to her mother. Close8. so 和suchso+adj such+n9. just now 和just 都表示刚刚，刚才just now 常用一般过去I watched TV just now.just 常用过去完成I have just watched TV.10. already 用在完成时中，否定和疑问要改为yet。

◎ 謁青皿诫呼禺与英语五选四专项训练从ABCDE四个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。

It was a sunny day. Mr. Black went to tow n on bus in ess. On his way home, he found in front of him a big pile of hay （干草）.He got dow n from his horse. The hay had falle n off a wag on 马车）.A boy was sta nding by the wag on and looked worried. He was sorry for the little driver. " ___________ 1__" Mr.Black said. "Come with me to the village over there, and I will find some one to help you".In the village Mr. Black's frie nd asked him and the boy to have dinner, Mr. Black enjo yed the man's dinner, but he saw the boy still looked worried. "Dad won't like this!" the boy said in a low voice. "Don't worry too much," said Mr. Black. "Just be careful next time. Now have your dinner, and you needn't worry.""But I was here for a long time. ____________________________ 2 __ " "Oh, come on now," said Mr. Black. "Your dad will understand, he will be glad if he knows that you have had a good dinner. I will go with you and explai n what has happe ned. ______________ 3__" The boy an swered, " __4 _ ".A. By the way, where ' dad?rB. He's un der the pile of hay!C. His dad asked him to leave as soon as possible.D. Now don't worry, my boy.E. Dad will be an gry.Ani mals with six legs are called in sects. ___ Some in sects such as locusts 蝗虫）eat crops. Theyare not farmers' frie nds but their en emies. We all know there are other ani mals that eat in sects. Birdseat in sects, and fish eat in sects, too. ___ But do you know there are some kinds of in sects that eatother in sects? They are also friends of farmers. The drago nfiy蜻蜓）is one of them.Many people are afraid of the drag on fly. But it is a frien dly in sect. It helps to kill flying in sects,especially mosquitoes 蚊子）. __ Some drag on flies eat while flying, but others like to come dow nto the ground before eat ing their meal.The drag on fly can walk , because all its legs are at the front of its body. But it has two pairs ofstro ng wi ngs so it can fly very fast. The drag onfly is one of the fastest in sects in the world. Thedrag on fly can see very well. ___ But the life of dragonfly is short. It can ' t live in the cold weather.A. A dragonfly may have as many as one hundred mosquitoes in its mouth at a time.B. There are more insects than any other kind of animals.C. It can see a moving insect far away.D. They are farmers rien'dsf.E. It can fly in the sky.Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer: No. ___ If you say you do not havegood sleep, it means: waking early and not getting back to sleep. You may get tired, worried and anxious. Your memory and ability to remember things will get worse.Then what should you do when you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too much. Let's see if you can help yourself. .First, make sure that your bedroom isn't too cold or too hot. Keep it dark and quiet.Second, check your lifestyle.Do not drink tea, coffee, cola or chocolate before bed. Drink less water and avoid night-time toilet visits.Set your body clock well by getting up and going to bed at the same time every day.Develop a relaxing bedtime habit. Read or listen to music, then take a warm bath. If you really can not sleep, try some bread, rice or milk. ____________ .Go for a daily walk. Natural light helps you regulate （调整） your body clock, so exercise outdoors if you can.Forget the worries of the day. Write down any worries, thoughts or questions before you go to bed.___.A. The techniques are as follows:B. They will help you fall asleep.C. With these written down, you will have less to think about and your sleep will become easier.D. In fact, in the world about one third of the people do not have good sleep.E. For some people, it is hard to fall asleep.四Thousands of years ago, people didn't live in cold places becausethey didn't know how to keep themselves warm. Later they learned to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they made use of its skins to cover their bodies.___Nature is people's good friend. It once helped people find fire, when lighting hit a forest and started a fire. ____________________________ The fire kept them warm, and also frightened wild animals. Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better, so they began to use the fire to cook food. But people still didn't know how to make a fire. When they got a fire from the forest they tried to keep itburning. _________ But later they found different ways to make fire. For example, they made fireby burning wood or knocking two pieces of stones.Today it's easy for people to make fire because they have matches, lighters and different kinds of heaters.A. If it went out, they had to wait for years.B. The skins keep them warm.C. They can make fire at any time they need.D. People took some of this fire to their homes.E. People didn't know how to use fire.五Do you like chocolate? __1__A box of it can be a great gift. Buy one for a friend and give it as a surprise. See how happy that person gets.Say you just got a box of chocolate. ___2__ A man has studied people's choice. He says they tell something about the person. Did you choose a round piece? You are a person who likes to party. Did you choose an oval （椭圆形的） shape? You are a person who likes to make things. Picking a square shape shows something else. The person is honest and truthful. ______________ 3___.What kind of chocolate doyou pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past. Dark chocolate means something else. A person who chooses it looks toward the future. What about white chocolate? Would you choose it? ___4__ Some people like chocolate with nuts （果仁）. These are people who like to help others. Do you believe these ideas? Can candy tell all these things? It doesn't really matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolate. They eat it because they like it.A. You can depend on him or her.B. Maybe most people do.C. Which piece do you pick first?D. If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.E. Because they are so sweet.六Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants.As time passed by, people learned to raise animals and crops. Sometimes, families produced more than they needed, so they started to trade with other families. ________________ However, it was not the kind of money weuse today. They used shells, rice, salt, large stones, etc.During the 600sBC, people began using coins asmoney. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than goods and lasted a long time. ______The Chinese were the first to use the paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italian travelers Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money when he visited China in the 1200s. ___ T oday,we have many ways to pay for things. We do not use coins or paper money. Often people prefer to pay for things by card. _________A. Later, countries began to make their own coins.B. We use money to buy things every day.C. Paying with a card is easier and safer than carrying around a lot of "real" money.D. However, European countries did not start using paper money until 1600s.E. Later, people bega n to use money as a means of excha n交换）.七London's Chinese community （社区） dates back to the 18th century, when a small number of sailors moved to the city to work in East London. As time went on, other Chinese people came to this area and it began to be known as "Chinatown". However, London's Chinese community remained very small for many years: at the start of the 20th century, there were just 545 Chinese people in Brita，in At first, the new immigrants （移民） found it difficult to get jobs. In the 1950s, however, a small Chinese restaurant opened in London. _______________________________ Suddenly, Chinese restaurantsand take-awaysstarted opening in every part of the city. Instead if too little work, the new Chinese immigrants now found that they had too much! They worked as cookers, managers or waiters.__。

英语中考语法选择题综合练习同步（沪）知识定位上海中考英语卷重视考查学生的基础语言知识和基本语言能力。

试题排列由易到难，考点分布科学合理，考察学生对各类实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词）和各类虚词（连词、介词、冠词）的掌握情况，考察学生的音标、各类句型和情景问题的掌握情况。

知识梳理冠词：（1）a/an 的区分：注意以“U”开头的单词。

如果发字母u 本身的音/ju：/，前面加a：a useful book a university a usual chair 如果发以外的音，前面加an：an unusual chair, an unimportant meeting, an unforgettable experience（2)球类运动和三餐饭前不加the 如play football乐器前加the 如play the violin（3）a—一个，the—那个（4）高难度竞赛题a“u”an“h”an“s”an“x”用汉语拼音给字母注音，如有声母，就用a，如U—you；如没有声母，就用an，如H—ei qi，S—ai si，X—ai ke si连词（1）连词半边天现象：Although，though 与but 通常不连用because 与so 不连用if(如果)与then 不连用（2）就近一致连词neither...nor either...or not only...but alsonot...but...（3）连接句子与to do 形式because+句子（有完整主谓结构）because of+介词宾语（名词等）in order to do(in order not to do) in order that+句子so as to so as that+句子so...that+句子too...to do enough to do so good a book that+句子such a good book that+句子so good that+句子（4）重要联词的应用unless（=if not)除非or 否则（威胁，劝告）as if/as though(仿佛）even if/even though(即使）not...until(直到...才)介词（1）介词+doing介词+代词宾格形式Neither of us is late. The book is for you. The knife is used for cutting things. Tom is sitting between him and me.（禁用“I”）关联记忆：介意Mind+doing Would you mind my smoking here？（2）on in at 的用法：表时间：on(天优先，只要涉及天的概念就用on）；in(时段）；at（时刻）on the morning of April 1st. on a rainy night 在一个雨天的夜晚at the same time（3）表伴随：with/without，或doing She is a girl with long hair. She is a girl wearing a new dress.（4）表方式：by bike，on foot没有冠词“a”或名词复数What time is it by your watch? The boss pays us by week. He beat her with a book.（with 后要带a 或复数）speak in EnglishWrite in ink（5）介词（不加the）+名词at table 在桌旁，且在吃饭（两层意思）at the table 在桌旁，具体干什么不清楚at school in the school名词（1）单复数特殊变化：男、女、脚foot-feet、牙、鹅goose-geese、孩子people（可数名词）,sheep, deer （鹿）单复数同形中、日不变；英、法a-e；美、德（加S）Americans，Germans（2）名词的复数重心转移：This is an old pair of shoes. I want a new pair.（3）带性别的复合词组：women（变）doctors（变）bus lines（只变最后一词）动词动词变化三大黄金法则：主谓一致，就近一致，双动词关系主谓一致：谓语动词跟着主语发生变化第三人称单数现象（集体名词做主语）Our class are playing football now(与人有关的动作）Our class is a small one(整体)主谓一致之就近一致（必考）：There be 句型Either or Neither...nor... not only...but also.. Not only they but also I am wrong.例题精讲【试题来源】【题目】-What can I do for you？-I'd like two _______.【选项】A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple【答案】B【解析】选择其他 3 项的同学要注意仔细看题。

a /an/the +n. , adj.+ n. , vt. +n. 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词；n. v. 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)；prep. +n. 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。

①When a friend stops talking to you for a day or two, your mind will get crazy with the ____46_____ that perhaps you did something wrong.② It will have bad ____50_____ on you as you start to focus your energy on others but not yourself.③Gradually, the talented young man went from being a supporting actor to a __49___ movie star.如何判断需要选择动词：n./pron. vt. n./pron. 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词；n./pron. vi. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；n./pron. vi. adv./prep. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副介词构成固定搭配；n./pron. link v./be. adj. 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词；即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词adv. adj. 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；link/be v. adj. 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。

初英语五选四中项专习练．英语五选四专项训练一ABCDE从四个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。

It was a sunny day. Mr. Black went to town on business. On his way home, he found in front of). A 干草). He got down from his horse. The hay had fallen off a wagon (马车him a big pile of hay (boy was standing by the wagon and looked worried. He was sorry for the little driver. ___1__ Mr.Black said. Come with me to the village over there, and I will find someone to help you.In thevillage Mr. Black's friend asked him and the boy to have dinner, Mr. Black enjoyed the man's dinner,but he saw the boy still looked worried. Dad won't like this! the boy said in a low voice. Don'tworry too much, said Mr. Black. Just be careful next time. Now have your dinner, and you needn'tworry.\But I was here for a long time.___2___ Oh, come on now, said Mr. Black. Your dadwill understand, he will be glad if he knows that you have had a good dinner. I will goexplain what has happened. ____3__ The boy answered, __4____.A. By the way, where's your dad?B. He's under the pile of hay!C. His dad asked him to leave as soon as possible.D. Now don't worry, my boy.E. Dad will be angry.二) eat crops. They Animals with six legs are called insects. ____ Some insects such as locusts (蝗虫are not farmers' friends but their enemies. We all know there are other animals that eat insects. Birdseat insects, and fish eat insects, too. _____But do you know there are some kinds of insects that eat) is one of them.蜻蜓other insects? They are also friends of farmers. The dragonfly (Many people are afraid of the dragonfly. But it is a friendly insect. It helps to kill flying insects,). ____ Some dragonflies eat while flying, but others like to come down especially mosquitoes (蚊子to the ground before eating their meal.The dragonfly can't walk, because all its legs are at the front of its body. But it has two pairs ofstrong wings so it can fly very fast. The dragonfly is one of the fastest insects in the world. Thevery well. ____ But the life of dragonfly is short. It can't live in the cold weather.dragon fly can seeA. A dragonfly may have as many as one hundred mosquitoes in its mouth at a time.B. There are more insects than any other kind of animals.C. It can see a moving insect far away.D. They are farmers' friends.E. It can fly in the sky.三Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer: No.____ If you say you do not havegood sleep, it means: waking early and not getting back to sleep. You may get tired, worried andanxious. Your memory and ability to remember things will get worse.Then what should you dowhen you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too much. Let's see if you can help yourself._____.First, make sure that your bedroom isn't too cold or too hot. Keep it dark and quiet. Second, check your lifestyle.Do not drink tea, coffee, cola or chocolate before bed. Drink less waterand avoid night-time toilet visits.Set your body clock well by getting up and going to bed at the same time every day. Develop a relaxing bedtime habit. Read or listen to music, then take a warm bath. Ifnot sleep, try some bread, rice or milk._____.Go for a daily walk. Natural light helps you regulate (调整) your body clock, so exercise outdoors ifyou can.Forget the worries of the day. Write down any worries, thoughts or questions before you goto bed.___.A. The techniques are as follows:B. They will help you fall asleep.C. With these written down, you will have less to think about and your sleep will become easier.D. In fact, in the world about one third of the people do not have good sleep.E. For some people, it is hard to fall asleep.四Thousands of years ago, people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keepthemselves warm. Later they learned to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they made use ofits skins to cover their bodies.___Nature is people's good friend. It once helped people find fire,when lighting hit a forest and started a fire. _____ The fire kept them warm, and also frightenedwild animals. Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better, so they began to use the fire tocook food.But people still didn't know how to make a fire. When they got a fire from the forest they tried tokeep it burning.____But later they found different ways to make fire. For example, they made fireby burning wood or knocking two pieces of stones.Today it's easy for people to make fire because they have matches, lighters and different kinds ofheaters.____A. If it went out, they had to wait for years.B. The skins keep them warm.C. They can make fire at any time they need.D. People took some of this fire to their homes.E. People didn't know how to use fire.五Do you like chocolate? __1__A box of it can be a great gift. Buy one for a friend and give it as asurprise. See how happy that person gets.Say you just got a box of chocolate. ___2__ A man has studied people's choice. He says they tellsomething about the person. Did you choose a round piece? You are a person who likes to party.Did you choose an oval (椭圆形的) shape? You are a person who likes to make things. Picking asquare shape shows something else. The person is honest and truthful.____3___.What kind ofchocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings aboutthe past. Dark chocolate means something else. A person who chooses it looks toward the future.What about white chocolate? Would you choose it? ___4__ Some people like chocolate with nuts(果仁). These are people who like to help others.Do you believe these ideas? Can candy tell allthese things? It doesn't really matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolate. They eat itbecause they like it.A. You can depend on him or her.B. Maybe most people do.C. Which piece do you pick first?D. If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.E. Because they are so sweet.六Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants.As timepassed by, people learned to raise animals and crops. Sometimes, families produced more than theyneeded, so they started to trade with other families. ____ However, it was not the kind of money weuse today. They used shells, rice, salt, large stones, etc.During the 600sBC, people began usingcoins as money. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than goods and lasted a long time._____The Chinese were the first to use the paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italiantravelers Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money when he visited China in the 1200s. ____Today,we have many ways to pay for things. We do not use coins or paper money. Often people prefer topay for things by card.____A. Later, countries began to make their own coins.B. We use money to buy things every day.C. Paying with a card is easier and safer than carrying around a lot ofeal money.D. However,European countries did not start using paper money until 1600s.E. Later, people began to use money as a means of exchange (交换).七London's Chinese community (社区) dates back to the 18th century, when a small number of sailorsmoved to the city to work in East London. As time went on, other Chinese people came to this areaand it began to be known as Chinatown. However, London's Chinese community remained verysmall for many years: at the start of the 20th century, there were just 545 Chinese people inBritain，______At first, the new immigrants (移民) found it difficult to get jobs. In the 1950s,however, a small Chinese restaurant opened in London._____ Suddenly, Chinese restaurants andtake-aways started opening in every part of the city. Instead if too little work, the new Chineseimmigrants now found that they had too much! They worked as cookers, managers or As time went by, London's Chinese community became more and more successful.。

第12次课基本课程框架介绍教学目标知识层面：能力层面：精英素质层面：1、五选四的训练2、优秀作文欣赏英语学习能力的综合提升学习力（总结和反思能力提升）；了解自我，更好定位一、中考易混知识点good，well，fine, nice1.good是形容词，用作表语和定语，表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好，表示人品好，人善良等。

如：This is a good book. 这是一本好书。

2.well是形容词和副词，作形容词时，只作表语，指身体健康。

如：- How are you? 你（身体）好吗？- I'm very well. ／Fine, thank you. 我（身体）很好，谢谢。

3.fine通常指天气好，气质好，发育好等。

如：It's a fine／nice day today. 今天天气晴朗。

4.nice往往指“令人喜悦的，讨人喜爱的”人、味道、言语、天气。

如：Nice to meet you! 见到你很高兴。

易混点二ill ; sick两个词都是“病的，生病的”意思，都可以作表语，但作定语时只用sick而不能用ill。

如：The sick man is his uncle. 那位病人是他叔叔。

He has been ill for two days. 他已经病了两天了。

易混点三interesting; interested1.interesting是“令人感兴趣的”之意，表示事物本身是“有趣的，能引起兴趣的”。

作表语时，主语通常是物；作定语时，既可修饰人，也可修饰物。

如：The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。

This is an interesting book. 这是本有趣的书。

2.interested多用于be interested in sth. 句型，常表示某人对某物感兴趣。

如：Even before he was ten, he became very interested in science.甚至十岁之前，他就对科学产生了兴趣。

1（东城）Something very strange happened to Lisa. She never knew she had a twin （孪生的）sister until she started university!Lisa was born in Mexico 。

1 ， so she went to live with a family in Manhattan, USA 。

When Lisa was twenty years old, she started university in Long Island. 2 。

But one day she was walking home from class ， and a student smiled at her 。

“Hello, Jane！” said the student. “I'm not Jane,” said Lisa.This happened to Lisa again and again. It was very strange. One day ， when a woman called her Jane, Lisa asked “Why do you keep calling me Jane?"The woman replied ， “You look like my friend Jane. You have the same face and the same hair。

Is Jane your sister?” Lisa said she didn’t have a sister called Jane. 3 . Finally she asked someone for J ane’s email address。

When Lisa wrote to Jane ， she found out that they both had the same birthday, they looked the same and both of them were from Mexico 。