牙科专业小英语

The Importance of Dentists in Our LivesIn today's fast-paced world, where we often overlookour oral health, dentists play a crucial role inmaintaining our overall well-being. They are not just professionals who deal with toothaches or fix broken teeth; they are guardians of our smiles and confidence.Dentists are trained to diagnose, prevent, and treat dental diseases and conditions that can affect our teeth, gums, and jaws. They possess extensive knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology related to the oral cavity. This enables them to provide personalized care and treatment plans tailored to each patient's needs.Regular visits to the dentist are essential for maintaining good oral health. During these visits, dentists conduct thorough examinations, including checking for cavities, gum disease, and oral cancer. They also provide professional cleanings to remove plaque and tartar build-up, which can lead to tooth decay and periodontal disease.Beyond routine care, dentists also play a vital role in education and prevention. They advise patients on properbrushing techniques, flossing habits, and dietary choices that promote healthy teeth and gums. They also provide information on the use of fluoride, mouth rinses, and other dental products that can enhance oral hygiene.In addition to their clinical duties, dentists also serve as advocates for their patients. They collaboratewith other healthcare providers to ensure comprehensivecare and advocate for patients' rights and needs. Theystrive to create a positive dental experience for each patient, ensuring that they feel comfortable and at ease during their visits.Moreover, dentists are constantly evolving and adapting to new technologies and research findings. They participate in continuing education programs to stay updated on the latest treatments and procedures, ensuring that their patients receive the best possible care.In conclusion, dentists are integral to our lives, protecting our smiles and promoting overall health andwell-being. Their dedication to professional excellence, coupled with their commitment to patient care and education, makes them invaluable members of our healthcare team. Letus cherish and appreciate the critical role they play in maintaining our oral health and enhancing our quality of life.**牙医在我们生活中的重要性**在当今快节奏的生活中，我们往往忽视口腔健康，而牙医在维护我们的整体健康方面扮演着至关重要的角色。

牙医的职业介绍英语作文【中英文实用版】**English Version:**Dentistry: A Professional Career IntroductionDentistry, as a vital branch of healthcare, focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions affecting the oral cavity and its associated structures.A dentist is a specialized healthcare professional who commits to preserving and enhancing the dental health of patients.This career demands a combination of medical knowledge, technical skills, and interpersonal abilities to care for the diverse needs of patients.Dentists perform a wide array of duties, ranging from routine check-ups and cleanings to complex dental surgeries.They examine patients" teeth, gums, and mouth to diagnose oral diseases such as cavities, periodontal disease, and oral cancer.Utilizing advanced technology and techniques, dentists provide treatments like fillings, extractions, implants, and cosmetic procedures to improve both the functionality and aesthetics of patients" smiles.Education and TrainingBecoming a dentist requires a rigorous educational journey, typically consisting of a four-year undergraduate degree followed by four years of dental school.After successfully completing dental school, aspiringdentists must pass licensing examinations to practice legally.Continuous education is also necessary to keep up with the latest advancements in dental technology and treatment methods.Career ProspectsThe demand for dentists is consistently strong, with a projected growth that outpaces the average for many other professions.This is due in part to the increasing awareness of oral health and its impact on overall well-being.Dentists can work in private practices, hospitals, or academic institutions.They may also specialize in various fields, such as orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, or oral surgery.Challenges and RewardsWhile dentistry offers a rewarding career, it also presents challenges.Dentists must handle patients" anxiety and manage complex cases that require precision and care.Additionally, maintaining a profitable practice involves business acumen and effective management skills.Despite these challenges, dentists find great satisfaction in restoring patients" confidence through improved oral health, making it a fulfilling and noble profession.In conclusion, dentistry is a dynamic and essential healthcare field that combines science, art, and compassion.It offers those with a passion for oral health a chance to make a significant impact on patients" lives while enjoying professional growth and stability.**中文版本：**牙医：职业介绍牙医，作为医疗保健领域的重要分支，专注于口腔及其相关结构的诊断、治疗和预防工作。

医学英语词汇（47）：牙科贴面 veneer瓷贴面 porcelain veneer丙烯酸树脂贴面 acrylic resin veneer牙漂白 teeth bleaching外形修整 contouring釉质成形术 enameloplasty粘结 bonding染色 staining技工室染色 laboratory staining内源性染色 intrinsic staining外源性染色 extrinsic staining牙根覆盖 root coverage正常● normal occlusion个别正常● individual normal occlusion安格尔错●分类 Angle classification of malocclusion 上颌前突 maxillary protrusion上颌后缩 maxillary retrusion下颌前突 mandibular protrusion下颌后缩 mandibular retrusion双颌前突 bimaxillary protrusion小颌畸形 micrognathia巨颏畸形 macrogenia颏成形术 genioplasty颏缩小成形术 reductive genioplasty隆颏术 chin augmentation模板研究 template study模型外科 model surgery颏部美学 chin aesthetics生长预测 growth prediction骨性分类 osseous classification理想牙排列 ideal tooth alignment个性牙排列 personalized tooth alignment牙排列不齐 irregular tooth alignment唐斯分析法 Downs analysis斯坦纳分析法 Steiner analysis威氏分析法 Wits analysis物理美容学 physical cosmetology美容激光外科 cosmetic laser surgery激光皮肤磨削术 laser skin resurfacing"resurfacing"一词多用于激光磨削。

口腔科（牙科）常用英文词汇1. 牙齿（Tooth）2. 牙龈（Gums）3. 咬合（Bite）4. 龈下刮治（Scaling）5. 根管治疗（Root Canal Treatment）6. 拔牙（Extraction）7. 补牙（Filling）8. 牙冠（Crown）9. 桥体（Bridge）10. 假牙（Denture）11. 正畸（Orthodontics）12. 牙齿美白（Teeth Whitening）13. 牙周病（Periodontal Disease）14. 龈炎（Gingivitis）15. 牙槽骨（Alveolar Bone）16. 牙髓（Pulp）17. 牙釉质（Enamel）18. 牙本质（Dentin）19. 牙菌斑（Plaque）20. 牙石（Calculus）当然，让我们进一步丰富这份文档，为口腔科（牙科）常用英文词汇提供更多实用的信息。

21. 牙龈出血（Gingival Bleeding）当刷牙或使用牙线时，如果你的牙龈容易出血，这可能是牙龈炎的早期迹象。

22. 牙齿敏感（Tooth Sensitivity）牙齿对冷、热、甜或酸的食物和饮料反应敏感，可能是牙釉质磨损或牙龈退缩导致的。

23. 牙齿矫正器（Braces）正畸治疗中使用的装置，用于调整牙齿的位置，改善咬合和牙齿排列。

24. 牙线（Floss）用于清洁牙齿之间和牙龈线下区域的细线，有助于去除食物残渣和牙菌斑。

25. 漱口水（Mouthwash）用于清洁口腔和消除口臭的液体，有的漱口水还含有抗菌成分，有助于预防牙龈炎。

26. 牙科X光（Dental Xray）一种诊断工具，用于检查牙齿和牙槽骨的内部结构，帮助牙医发现隐藏的问题。

27. 牙科诊所（Dental Clinic）提供牙齿检查、治疗和口腔卫生服务的医疗机构。

28. 牙科保健师（Dental Hygienist）专业从事口腔卫生教育和治疗，如清洁牙齿、拍摄X光片和指导患者正确的口腔卫生习惯。

介绍牙科业务用语英语作文英文回答：In the realm of dentistry, there exists a specialized vocabulary that facilitates effective communication among professionals and patients alike. This lexicon encompasses terms related to oral health, dental procedures, and the anatomy of the mouth.Terminology:Amalgam: A type of dental filling material comprising a mixture of mercury, silver, tin, and other metals.Calculus: Hardened plaque that accumulates on teeth over time.Caries: Tooth decay caused by the presence of bacteria and their metabolic byproducts.Crown: An artificial restoration that covers theentire visible portion of a tooth.Endodontics: The branch of dentistry specializing in the treatment of the tooth's pulp and root canals.Fluoride: A mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities.Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums.Implant: An artificial tooth root surgically placed in the jawbone to support a dental prosthesis.Inlay: A type of dental filling that is designed tofit precisely within the contours of a prepared tooth cavity.Occlusion: The way in which the upper and lower teeth come together.Orthodontics: The branch of dentistry that deals withthe diagnosis and treatment of malocclusions (misalignments of the teeth).Periodontal disease: A group of conditions that affect the tissues surrounding the teeth, including gingivitis and periodontitis.Prophylaxis: A preventive dental cleaning that includes scaling (removal of calculus) and polishing.Pulp: The soft tissue at the center of a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves.Radiograph: An X-ray image of the teeth and jawbone.Sealant: A thin, protective coating applied to the chewing surfaces of teeth to prevent decay.中文回答：牙科专业术语。

西医牙科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医牙科术语英文翻译：1. 龋齿：Cavities2. 牙髓炎：Pulpitis3. 根尖周炎：Periapical Periodontitis4. 牙周炎：Periodontitis5. 牙龈炎：Gingivitis6. 牙结石：Dental Calculus7. 牙齿美白：Teeth Whitening8. 牙齿矫正：Orthodontics9. 牙齿种植：Dental Implantation10. 牙齿拔除：Tooth Extraction11. 牙齿修复：Dental Restoration12. 根管治疗：Root Canal Therapy13. 烤瓷牙：Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown (PFM)14. 全瓷牙：All-ceramic Crown15. 牙髓摘除术：Pulpectomy16. 牙周刮治术：scaling and root planing17. 牙槽骨手术：Alveolar bone surgery18. 正畸治疗：Orthodontic treatment19. 口腔溃疡：Oral Ulcers20. 口腔癌：Oral Cancer21. 颞下颌关节紊乱病：Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD)22. 智齿冠周炎：Pericoronitis of wisdom tooth23. 牙周脓肿：Periodontal Abscess24. 牙齿外伤：Dental Trauma25. 牙髓坏死：Pulp Necrosis26. 根尖囊肿：Periapical Cyst27. 龋齿预防：Cavity Prevention28. 窝沟封闭：Fissure Sealants29. 牙髓活力测试：Pulp Vitality Testing30. 口腔X光检查：Oral Radiography31. 口腔病理学检查：Oral Pathology Examination32. 口腔微生物学检查：Oral Microbiological Examination33. 牙槽突手术：Alveolar process surgery34. 牙龈移植手术：Gingival graft surgery35. 前牙美容修复术：Esthetic restoration of anterior teeth36. 后牙根管治疗术：Posterior root canal therapy37. 前牙外伤处理：Treatment of anterior tooth trauma38. 正畸保持器治疗：Retention and stabilization after orthodontic treatment39. 儿童牙病治疗：Pediatric dental treatment40. 老年人口腔保健：Oral healthcare for the elderly41. 牙齿咬合调整：Occlusal adjustment42. 牙齿脱敏治疗：Desensitization treatment for sensitive teeth43. 牙齿冷光美白治疗：Cold light whitening treatment for teeth44. 口腔癌筛查：Oral cancer screening45. 颞下颌关节紊乱病治疗：Treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD)46. 正畸治疗后的保持和稳固治疗（保持器治疗）：Retention and stabilization treatment after orthodontic treatment (retainer therapy)47. 前牙美容修复术后的保持和稳固治疗（保持器治疗）：Retention and stabilization treatment after esthetic restoration of anterior teeth (retainer therapy)48. 儿童牙病预防保健指导：Pediatric dental prevention and health guidance49. 老年人口腔保健指导：Oral healthcare guidance for the elderly50. 前牙美容修复术后定期复查（随访）：Regular follow-up examination after esthetic restoration of anterior teeth (follow-up)。

看牙医的英语单
1. Dentist（牙医）：指专门从事牙科医疗工作的医生。

2. Dental Clinic（牙科诊所）：牙医进行诊断和治疗的医疗机构。

3. Dental Exam（口腔检查）：牙医对患者口腔进行的全面检查。

4. Teeth Cleaning（洗牙）：去除牙齿表面的牙菌斑和牙结石的过程。

5. Dental Fillings（补牙）：修复牙齿蛀洞或受损部位的过程。

6. Root Canal Treatment（根管治疗）：治疗牙髓感染的一种方法。

7. Crown（牙冠）：用于修复受损或缺失的牙齿部分。

8. Braces（牙套）：矫正牙齿排列不齐的装置。

9. Dental Implants（种植牙）：替代缺失牙齿的人工牙根。

10. Wisdom Teeth Extraction（智齿拔除）：拔除智齿的手术。

11. Dental Insurance（牙科保险）：专门针对牙科治疗的保险。

12. Toothache（牙痛）：牙齿疼痛的症状。

13. Dental Hygiene（口腔卫生）：保持口腔健康的日常护理。

这些单词和短语涵盖了看牙医的常见方面，包括诊断、治疗和口腔保健。

如果你有特定的与看牙医相关的需求，可以提供更多信息，我将尽力帮助你。

dental plaque 牙菌斑S.sanguis 血链球菌S.mitis 轻链球菌S.mutans 变形链球菌aerobic 好氧的，氧气的；依靠氧气的anaerobic 没有空气而能生活得，厌氧的1.In contrast to mucosal surface,the surface of teeth are not constantly renewed byshedding of colonized epithelial c ells.较之粘膜，牙面不能稳定地通过上皮脱落而更新。

2.Selective manner in which bacteria attach to the tooth surface is thought to reflectthe fact that bacteria on their surface contain a recognition system which enables components on the bacteria surface (adhesions) to blind to complementary molecules (receptors) in the pellicle.细菌附着与牙面的选择性方式反映了这一事实，即细菌表面具有识别系统，该系统能使细菌表面的附着器与获得性膜中的互补手提分子结合。

ecology 生态学；个体生态学ecosystem 生态系统（学）mutanism 突变的S.sanguis 血链球菌S.mutans 变形链球菌1.Colonization is a complex process, as it involves not only interaction between bacteria and their environment but aslo bacterial interactions.定植是一个复杂的过程，它不仅包括细菌和环境间的相互作用，也包括细菌之间的相互作用。

牙科专业用语中英文对照Dental Terminology: English-Chinese ComparisonIntroduction:The dental profession utilizes specific terminology to effectively communicate and document various dental procedures and conditions. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive English-Chinese comparison of common dental terms. This will assist both dental professionals and patients in better understanding and utilizing dental terminology.1. Dental Anatomy:English: Dental AnatomyChinese: 牙齿解剖学(yáchǐ jiěpōu xué)Description: Dental anatomy refers to the study of the structure, function, and development of teeth. It includes terms related to the different parts of a tooth.2. Oral Health:English: Oral HealthChinese: 口腔健康(kǒuqiāng jiànkāng)Description: Oral health encompasses the overall well-being of the oral cavity, including the teeth, gums, and surrounding tissues. It involves maintaining proper hygiene and preventing oral diseases.3. Tooth Decay:English: Tooth DecayChinese: 龋齿(qūchǐ)Description: Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is the process of tooth deterioration caused by bacterial action.4. Dental Plaque:English: Dental PlaqueChinese: 牙菌斑(yá jūn bān)Description: Dental plaque is a sticky, colorless film that forms on teeth as a result of bacterial accumulation. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth decay and gum disease.5. Gingivitis:English: GingivitisChinese: 牙龈炎 (yágìng yán)Description: Gingivitis refers to the inflammation of the gums, usually caused by poor oral hygiene. Symptoms include redness, swelling, and bleeding gums.6. Periodontitis:English: PeriodontitisChinese: 牙周炎(yázhōu yán)Description: Periodontitis is a severe form of gum disease that affects the surrounding tissues and bone supporting the teeth. It can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.7. Dental Prophylaxis:English: Dental ProphylaxisChinese: 牙齿洁治(yáchǐ jié zhì)Description: Dental prophylaxis, also known as professional teeth cleaning, involves the removal of plaque, tartar, and stains from the teeth. It helps prevent oral diseases and maintain oral hygiene.8. Dental Extraction:English: Dental ExtractionChinese: 牙齿拔除(yáchǐ bá chú)Description: Dental extraction refers to the removal of a tooth from its socket. It may be necessary due to tooth decay, infection, overcrowding, or other dental issues.9. Dental Filling:English: Dental FillingChinese: 牙齿充填(yáchǐ chōngtián)Description: Dental fillings are used to restore teeth that have been damaged by decay or trauma. They help to restore tooth function and prevent further deterioration.10. Root Canal Treatment:English: Root Canal TreatmentChinese: 根管治疗(gēn guǎn zhì liáo)Description: Root canal treatment is a procedure performed to save a severely infected or decayed tooth. It involves removing the infected pulp from the tooth's root canal and filling it with a suitable material.Conclusion:Understanding dental terminology is crucial for effective communication and overall oral health. By providing an English-Chinese comparison of common dental terms, this article strives to bridge the language gap between dental professionals and patients. Whether you are a dentist, dental student, or patient, this knowledge will assist you in better understanding and discussing various dental procedures and conditions.。

口腔科常用英语口语1. Good morning/afternoon! How can I help you today?2. Please have a seat on the dental chair.3. Let me examine your teeth and gums.4. I need to take an X-ray of your teeth to assess the condition.5. You have a cavity that needs to be filled.6. The procedure may cause a little discomfort, but we will ensure you're as comfortable as possible.7. We will apply local anesthesia to numb the area before starting the procedure.8. I will clean your teeth and remove any plaque ortartar build-up.9. You might experience some minor bleeding or swelling after the cleaning, which is normal.10. Regular brushing and flossing are essential for maintaining good oral hygiene.11. I recommend using a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste.12. It's important to replace your toothbrush every three to four months.13. Don't forget to brush your tongue to remove bacteria and prevent bad breath.14. Using a mouthwash can help kill bacteria and freshen your breath.15. If you have any missing teeth, I suggest considering dental implants or bridges.16. Braces can straighten your teeth and improve your bite.17. It's crucial to wear a mouthguard during sports activities to protect your teeth.18. If you grind your teeth at night, a nightguard can help prevent damage.19. Avoid consuming excessive sugary foods and drinks, as they can promote tooth decay.20. Regular dental check-ups are important to detect any potential issues early on.。

『医学英语口语之牙科英语~Dental English』你的牙齿还好吗？你有没有好好关爱自己的牙齿呢？今天必克小编带你走进牙科英语世界，去看看Jeremy医生是如何诊治Jack的吧~~English for Medical Purposes - Dental Check-up牙科医疗英语-检查牙齿Jack: Hello, Doctor.Dr. Jeremy: Good morning, Jack. How are you doing today?杰克：您好，医生。

杰里米医生：早上好，杰克。

今天感觉怎么样呢？Jack: I'm OK. I've been having some gum pain recently.Dr. Jeremy: Well, we'll take a look. Please recline and open your mouth.... that's good.杰克：我感觉很好。

最近牙龈会一直阵痛。

杰里米医生：好，我们先来做个检查。

请慢慢躺下来并张开你的嘴……非常好。

Jack:(after being examined) How does it look?Dr. Jeremy: Well, there is some inflammation of the gums. I think we should also do a new set of S-rays.Jack: Why do you say that? Is something wrong?Dr. Jeremy: No, no, it's just standard procedure every year. It looks like you may have a few cavities as well.杰克：（在经过检查之后）我的牙齿看起来怎么样？杰里米医生：嗯，你的牙龈有点发炎。

[指南]牙科专业小英语牙科专业小英语颊面 Buccal 舌面 Lingual 腭面 Palatal 近中面 Mesial 远中面 Distal 牙合面 Oeclusal 切端 Incisal 颈部 Neck前牙 Anterior 中切牙 Central 侧切牙 Latral 尖牙 Canine/cuspid 后牙Posterior 双尖牙 Pre-Molar 第一双尖牙 First Prc-Molar 第二双尖牙 Second Pre-Molar 磨牙 Molar 第一磨牙 First Molar 第二磨牙 Second Molar 智慧牙Wisdom 覆牙合 Over Bite 覆盖 Over Jet 缺失牙 Pontic 牙模 Model 颜色 Shade 形态 Shape/Anatomy 金属牙合面 Metal Occlusal 金属舌面Metal Backing 缓冲(离开) Relief 牙合架 Articulator 工作模 Master Model 对牙合模 Opposite Model 参考模 Study Model 连接模 Splint/Joint/Connect 分开 Separate 烤瓷冠 CMC 烤瓷桥 CMB胶托类全口腔胶托 Full / Full Acrylic Denture ,F/F半口胶托 Full Upper or Lower Acrylic Denture 局部胶托 PartialAcrylic Denture ,P/-or -/p钢丝卡环 S.S.Wire Clasp 钢丝牙合支托 S.S. Rest 个别托盘 Special Tray,S/T 蜡堤 Bite Block 胶托修理 Repair 软胶 Soft Lining 衬垫 Reline 弹性义齿 Flexible Denture / Valplast 胶托加网 Add Mesh钢托类钢托 Cobalt-Chrome Centure/Vatallium舌杆 Partial Denture(美式)UPD/LPD 腭板 Lingual Bar连续卡环 Palatal Plate 牙合支托 Continue Clasp/Kennedy Clasp舌板 Occlusal Rest 上半口网状钢 Lingual Plate 半口胶托 Full Upper Mesh 钢托上加钢牙 Full Upper or Lower Denture马蹄形 Dummy 前后杆 Horse ShoeDouble Bar / Ant .& Post .Bar烤瓷类贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on Precious Alloy半贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on S/P(Semi-Precious) 非贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on N.P.(Non-Precious) 玛利兰桥 Maryland Bridge 嵌体 Inlay 桩核 Post 高嵌体 Onlay 瓷贴面 Porcelain Veneer / Porcelain 假牙龈/牙肉 Gum Porcelain 全瓷冠 Full Ceramic Crown(In-ceram) 瓷边 Porcelain Margin/Porcelain Shoulder 涂金粉 Gold Plating 金属冠 Full Metal Crown金属边 Metal Margin 种植牙 Implant 桩连冠 Post Crown/Down Crown 通透性的 Transparent透明的 Translucent 不透明的 Opacity在论坛发现的——摘自《口腔临床英语会话集》一( At the registration挂号1. What can I do for you?2. What is wrong with you?3. Do you want to see a dentist?4. Which speciality do you want to register with?您要挂哪个科的号,5. Do you want to have your tooth pulled ( tooth filled )?您要拔牙补牙吗,6. For a filling? A denture? Or a cleaning? 补牙,镶牙,还是洁牙,7. Is this your first visit to this dental clinic?8. May I have your address, telephone number, age and occupation, please? 请告诉我您的地址，电话号码，年龄，职业。

口腔专业英语Newly compiled on November 23, 2020UNIT-1dental plaque 牙菌斑血链球菌轻链球菌变形链球菌aerobic 好氧的，氧气的；依靠氧气的anaerobic 没有空气而能生活得，厌氧的1.In contrast to mucosal surface,the surface of teeth are not constantly renewed by sheddingof colonized epithelial cells.较之粘膜，牙面不能稳定地通过上皮脱落而更新。

2. Selective manner in which bacteria attach to the tooth surface is thought to reflect the factthat bacteria on their surface contain a recognition system which enables components on the bacteria surface (adhesions) to blind to complementary molecules (receptors) in the pellicle.细菌附着与牙面的选择性方式反映了这一事实，即细菌表面具有识别系统，该系统能使细菌表面的附着器与获得性膜中的互补手提分子结合。

UNIT-2ecology 生态学；个体生态学ecosystem 生态系统（学）mutanism 突变的血链球菌变形链球菌1.Colonization is a complex process, as it involves not only interaction between bacteria andtheir environment but aslo bacterial interactions.定植是一个复杂的过程，它不仅包括细菌和环境间的相互作用，也包括细菌之间的相互作用。

牙科专业英语词汇您可以使用下面的定义，帮助您了解牙医术使用的简单和较复杂的术语。

这些术语的定义仅作信息用途。

某些术语可能有不同的定义，根据州法律而有所不同。

要以中文存取词汇，只需选择感兴趣的字母，或将页面往下卷动。

术语按英文字母排序。

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZA汞合金 (Amalgam) —由多种金属材料混合成的一种充填材料。

汞合金是银色的，通常用于修补后牙。

C牙石 (Calculus) —亦称为“Tartar”。

如果不加以治疗，牙菌斑可开始矿化，硬化成牙石。

龋齿(Caries) —指蛀洞或蛀牙的术语。

复合充填 (Composite) —配合自然牙颜色的一种充填材料。

复合充填是白色的，通常用于修补前牙。

先天缺牙 (Congenitally missing teeth) —从不存在的牙齿。

这不应与阻生牙(永不生出来的牙齿)混为一谈。

这是出生时或从出生起已存在的状况。

牙冠延长术 (Crown lengthening) —移除牙龈组织(齿龈)和骨，以露出更多的牙齿结构。

当要恢复牙齿，但牙龈以上没有足够的牙齿支持牙冠或充填时，牙医通常会执行牙冠延长术。

D清创术 (Debridement) —移除过多的牙菌斑和牙石，以免妨碍牙医检查牙齿。

在罕有的情形下，当病人很长时间没有洗牙，并积聚大量的残渣，才会进行。

E牙髓病专家(Endodontist) —治疗牙齿神经或牙髓疾病的牙科专家，牙髓位于牙齿中心及牙根的管道内(称为根管)。

G牙龈炎 (Gingivitis) —牙龈组织因为牙菌斑而肿胀。

牙龈可能看来红肿，在刷牙时容易流血。

这是牙周病的初期。

back to topO口腔颌面外科医生 (Oral and maxillofacial surgeon) —专注于口腔和颌内与周围的手术的牙科专家。

牙齿矫正医生 (Orthodontist) —专注于针对牙齿与颌的关系检验、预防和纠正牙齿位置异常的牙科专家。

牙科专业英语词汇您可以使用下面的定义，帮助您了解牙医术使用的简单和较复杂的术语。

这些术语的定义仅作信息用途。

某些术语可能有不同的定义，根据州法律而有所不同。

要以中文存取词汇，只需选择感兴趣的字母，或将页面往下卷动。

术语按英文字母排序。

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZA汞合金 (Amalgam) —由多种金属材料混合成的一种充填材料。

汞合金是银色的，通常用于修补后牙。

C牙石 (Calculus) —亦称为“Tartar”。

如果不加以治疗，牙菌斑可开始矿化，硬化成牙石。

龋齿(Caries) —指蛀洞或蛀牙的术语。

复合充填 (Composite) —配合自然牙颜色的一种充填材料。

复合充填是白色的，通常用于修补前牙。

先天缺牙 (Congenitally missing teeth) —从不存在的牙齿。

这不应与阻生牙(永不生出来的牙齿)混为一谈。

这是出生时或从出生起已存在的状况。

牙冠延长术 (Crown lengthening) —移除牙龈组织(齿龈)和骨，以露出更多的牙齿结构。

当要恢复牙齿，但牙龈以上没有足够的牙齿支持牙冠或充填时，牙医通常会执行牙冠延长术。

D清创术 (Debridement) —移除过多的牙菌斑和牙石，以免妨碍牙医检查牙齿。

在罕有的情形下，当病人很长时间没有洗牙，并积聚大量的残渣，才会进行。

E牙髓病专家(Endodontist) —治疗牙齿神经或牙髓疾病的牙科专家，牙髓位于牙齿中心及牙根的管道内(称为根管)。

G牙龈炎 (Gingivitis) —牙龈组织因为牙菌斑而肿胀。

牙龈可能看来红肿，在刷牙时容易流血。

这是牙周病的初期。

back to topO口腔颌面外科医生 (Oral and maxillofacial surgeon) —专注于口腔和颌内与周围的手术的牙科专家。

牙齿矫正医生 (Orthodontist) —专注于针对牙齿与颌的关系检验、预防和纠正牙齿位置异常的牙科专家。

口腔医学技术英语口腔医学领域有很多专业术语和技术术语，这些术语通常是英文词汇。

以下是一些口腔医学技术相关的英语术语：1.Dental Assistant (DA) - 牙科助手2.Dental Hygienist - 牙科卫生师3.Oral Examination - 口腔检查4.Cavity - 蛀牙5.Braces - 牙套6.Denture - 假牙7.Orthodontics - 正畸学8.Endodontics - 牙髓病学9.Prosthodontics - 假牙修复学10.X-ray - X光11.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎12.Crown - 牙冠13.Root Canal Therapy - 根管治疗14.Periodontal Disease - 牙周病15.Oral Surgery - 口腔外科16.Anesthetic - 麻醉药17.Impression - 印模18.Tooth Extraction - 拔牙19.Dental X-ray Technician - 牙科X光技术员20.Cephalometric Analysis - 头颅分析21.Dental Prophylaxis - 牙科预防治疗22.Malocclusion - 错颌23.Intraoral Camera - 口内摄像头24.Amalgam Filling - 牙银充填25.Dental Implant - 牙植入术26.Dental caries - 牙齿龋齿27.Periodontal disease - 牙周疾病28.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎29.Orthodontics - 正畸学30.Dental implant - 牙齿种植31.Endodontics - 牙髓治疗学32.Prosthodontics - 修复性牙科学33.Root canal therapy - 牙根管治疗34.Dental abscess - 牙周脓肿35.Fluoride treatment - 氟化物治疗36.Bruxism - 牙齿磨损37.Halitosis - 口臭38.Crown - 牙冠39.Dentures - 假牙40.Local anesthesia - 局部麻醉41.Oral surgery - 口腔外科42.X-ray examination - X射线检查43.Dental plaque - 牙菌斑44.Tooth extraction - 拔牙手术45.Teeth whitening - 牙齿美白46.Dental Crown - 牙冠47.Dental Bridge - 牙桥48.Dental Implant - 牙种植入49.Root Canal Therapy - 牙髓治疗50.Teeth Whitening - 美白牙齿51.Orthodontics - 正畸学52.Dental Extraction - 牙齿拔除53.Periodontal Disease - 牙周病54.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎55.Oral Surgery - 口腔外科手术56.Cavity Filling - 蛀牙充填57.Denture - 假牙58.Endodontics - 牙髓病学59.Bruxism - 牙磨擦60.Fluoride Treatment - 氟化治疗61.Mouthguard - 护齿器62.Oral Prophylaxis - 口腔预防保健63.Dental X-Ray - 牙科X射线64.Gum Graft - 牙龈移植65.Oral Cancer Screening - 口腔癌筛查这些词汇涵盖了口腔医学技术中的一些基本术语，但口腔医学是一个广泛且不断发展的领域，因此还有更多的专业术语和技术细节需要学习。

口腔医学专业英语导言口腔医学是医学领域的一个重要分支，致力于研究和治疗口腔和颌面部的疾病。

与其他医学领域一样，口腔医学也有其专属的英语术语和专业用语。

掌握口腔医学专业英语对于从事相关研究或实践工作的人来说是至关重要的。

本文将介绍口腔医学领域中常见的英语单词和短语，以便读者更好地理解和运用口腔医学专业英语。

口腔解剖学1.Oral cavity - 口腔2.Palate - 腭3.Oropharynx - 口咽部4.Salivary glands - 唾液腺5.Teeth - 牙齿6.Tongue - 舌头7.Periodontium - 牙周组织8.Maxilla - 上颌骨9.Mandible - 下颌骨10.Temporomandibular joint - 颞下颌关节口腔病理学1.Dental caries - 龋齿2.Periodontal disease - 牙周疾病3.Oral cancer - 口腔癌4.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎5.Halitosis - 口臭6.Toothache - 牙疼7.Oral thrush - 口腔念珠菌病8.Dental abscess - 牙周脓肿9.Temporomandibular joint disorder - 颞下颌关节紊乱10.Cleft lip and palate - 唇腭裂口腔医学检查及诊断1.Oral examination - 口腔检查2.Radiograph - X光片3.Dental impression - 牙印4.Biopsy - 活检5.Oral hygiene - 口腔卫生6.Dental plaque - 牙菌斑7.Dental pulp - 牙髓8.Dental crown - 牙冠9.Dental filling - 牙齿修复10.Orthodontic braces - 正畸矫正器口腔医学治疗1.Dental extraction - 牙齿拔除2.Root canal treatment - 根管治疗3.Dental implant - 牙种植体4.Dental prosthesis - 牙齿修复体5.Dental bridge - 牙桥6.Scaling and root planing - 洗牙和根面光整7.Tooth whitening - 牙齿美白8.Dental anesthesia - 牙科麻醉9.Oral surgery - 口腔手术10.Orthodontic treatment - 正畸治疗结论口腔医学专业英语是口腔医学从业者必备的语言工具。

【实用】口腔专业英语大全Alveolar bone 牙槽骨carcinoma of maxillary sinus 上颌窦癌carcinoma of tongue 舌癌cellulitis of the floor of the mouth口底蜂窝织炎cementum 牙骨质dental arch 牙弓dental crown 牙冠dental defect 牙体缺损dental necrosis 牙坏死dental sac 牙囊dentin 牙本质enamel 牙釉质endodontics 牙体牙髓病学extraction 拔牙术fascial space infection 间隙感染fluoride 氟化物fracture of maxillary 上颌骨骨折gingiva 牙龈herpetic stomatitis 疱疹性口炎infraorbital space 眶下间隙jaw 颌骨leukoplakia 白斑lichen planus 扁平苔藓local anesthesia 局麻mucous cyst 粘液囊肿odontoclasis 牙折oral candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral pathology 口腔病理学oral surgery 口腔外科orthodontics 正畸学osteomyelitis of the jaws 颌骨骨髓炎pediatric dentistry 口腔儿科学periodontal ligament 牙周韧带periodontal membrane 牙周膜periodontics 牙周病学prosthodontics 修复学pterygomandibular space 翼颌间隙public-health dentistry 口腔预防医学pulp 牙髓pulp exposure 牙髓暴露pulpectomy 牙骨摘除术pulpitis 牙髓炎pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎radiation osteomyelitis 放射性骨髓炎radicular syst 根端囊肿recurrent aphthae 复发性口疮root canal therapy 根管治疗root of tooth 牙根sublingual gland syst 舌下腺囊肿sublingual space 舌下间隙submasseteric space 嚼肌间隙submaxillary space 颌下间隙tartar 牙石temporomandibular joint 颞颌关节thrush 鹅口疮tooth replantation 牙再植术torsion of teeth 牙扭转alveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿ameloblastoma 造釉细胞瘤apical infection 根尖感染apical syst 根尖囊肿branchial cleft cyst 肋裂囊肿carcinoma of buccal mucosa 颊粘膜癌carcinoma of gingiva 牙龈癌carcinoma of lip 唇癌caries 龋齿circumvallate papillae 轮廓乳头crown fracture 冠折deciduous teeth 乳牙dental impaction 牙阻生dental plaque 菌斑dental root fracture 根折denticulus，denticle 髓石dentoalveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿drug-induced gingivitis 药物性龈炎epulis 龈瘤filiform papillae 丝状乳头fistula apicalis 根尖瘘管foliate papillae 叶状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头gingival abscess 牙龈脓肿gingivitis 牙龈炎gingivitis in leukemia 白血病龈炎injury of teeth 牙损伤juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎luxated tooth 牙脱位lymphoepithelial lesions 淋巴上皮病missing tooth 牙脱失mixed dentition 混合牙列mixed tumor of salivary gland 涎腺混合瘤mumps 流行性腮腺炎nevi 色素痣occlusion 咬合palate 腭paradontoma 牙周膜瘤parageusia 味觉异常paraglossa 舌肿paraglossia 舌下炎paralalia 出语障碍，构音倒错parotitis 腮腺炎periapical abscess 根尖脓肿periapical disease 根尖周病pericoronitis 冠周炎periodontitis 牙周炎permanent teeth 恒牙pulp horn 髓角root resorption 牙根吸收sebaceous cyst 皮脂囊肿sialolithiasis 涎石病sublinguitis 舌下腺炎thyroglossal tract cyst 甲状舌管囊肿tongue 舌tooth migration 牙移动tooth replacement 牙复位toothache 牙痛Lip 口唇symmetry 对称moisture 湿润度cyanosis 紫绀herpes 疱疹Mucosa 粘膜pigmentation 色素沉着ulceration 溃疡Gums 牙龈pyorrhea 齿龈脓漏bleeding 出血gingivitis 齿龈炎swelling of gums 齿龈肿胀papillary atrophy 乳头萎缩deviation 扁斜coating 舌苔edentulous 无齿的number present 牙齿数目hygiene poor or good 口腔卫生欠佳或良好false teeth 假牙missing teeth 失去的牙齿dental repair 修补牙齿bridgework 装桥术inlay 镶嵌,嵌体filling 充填Halitosis(fetor oris; foul or bad breath) 口臭。

牙医的职业介绍英语作文英文回答：Introduction.Dentistry is a highly specialized field that requires extensive training and expertise. Dentists are responsible for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of oral diseases and conditions. They play a crucial role in maintaining the health and well-being of their patients by restoring and preserving the function of the mouth, teeth, and jaws.Educational Requirements.To become a dentist, one must complete a rigorous educational journey. After obtaining a bachelor's degree, aspiring dentists typically attend dental school for four years. During dental school, students learn about the anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity, as well as theprinciples of dental medicine. They also developproficiency in clinical procedures such as fillings, extractions, and root canals.Specialization.After graduating from dental school, dentists can choose to specialize in a particular field of dentistry. Common specialties include:Endodontics: Focuses on diagnosing and treating diseases of the pulp (inner nerve) of the tooth.Prosthodontics: Deals with the restoration and replacement of missing or damaged teeth through crowns, bridges, and dentures.Periodontics: Specializes in the treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases, which affect the gums and supportive tissues around the teeth.Orthodontics: Corrects malaligned teeth and jaws usingbraces or other appliances.Pediatric Dentistry: Focuses on the oral health careof children from infancy through adolescence.Job Duties.Dentists perform a wide range of job duties, including:Examining patients' mouths, teeth, and gums todiagnose oral diseases and conditions.Providing preventive care such as cleanings, fluoride treatments, and sealants.Restoring damaged teeth with fillings or crowns.Extracting decayed or impacted teeth.Performing root canals to treat infections in the pulp. Fabricating and fitting dentures or bridges to replacemissing teeth.Educating patients on proper oral hygiene and nutrition.Work Environment.Dentists typically work in private dental practices, clinics, or hospitals. Dental offices are usually well-lit and equipped with specialized instruments and equipment. Dentists often work with assistants and other dental professionals to provide comprehensive care to their patients.Professional Organizations.Dentists can join professional organizations such as the American Dental Association (ADA) and the Academy of General Dentistry (AGD) to stay up-to-date with advancements in the field and to network with other dental professionals.Conclusion.Dentistry is a rewarding and challenging professionthat offers numerous opportunities for personal and professional growth. Dentists play a vital role in maintaining the oral health and well-being of their patients, and they are highly respected for their expertise and dedication.中文回答：引言。

第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionic placode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome （RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous proteinNSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblasticprocess，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiary dentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone ofWeil，Weil层反应性牙本质reaction dentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostatic potential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobular dentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer of nerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说direct innervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processes pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellularintrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellularextrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillarcementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentinsialophosphoproteinsword.牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingival junction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-rich protein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelial cell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctional complex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitivepluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articularsurface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype I白兰地型brandywine isolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacial hyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia; supernumeraryteeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluorideenamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcified type过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus ofanterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidroticectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石water streaming roundbouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracycline stained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranialdysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenital syphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙word.形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层zone of destruction获得性薄膜acquired pellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surface caries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primary factors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurativepulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closedpulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerativepulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplasticpulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of thepulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external tooth resorption转化生长因子transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma根尖周炎periapical periodontitis急性根尖周炎acute periapicalperiodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronic periapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronic periapicalperiodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensing osteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitis with leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginal gingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities andconditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillusactinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-inducedgingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontaldiseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusaltrauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclastdifferentation factor,ODF前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原human leucocyteantigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingivitis始发期initial stageword.嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontal degeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiformeexsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersed erythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenous erythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclear antibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granular erythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oral Kaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oral candidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucousfibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratoryglossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupuserythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areataexfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticular degeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegener granulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermal dendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt's lymphoma不确定细胞indeterminate cell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eaten appearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagic bone cyst穿凿性吸收tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclearphagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiplechondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostoticfibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignantosteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cell rich lesion钙化骨mineralized boneword.孤立性骨囊肿solitary bone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitis ossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifying fibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitary myeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bone cavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giant osteoid osteoma 巨细胞肉芽肿giant cell lesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giant cell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhans cell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhans giant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwe disease良性成骨细胞瘤benign oseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitatingdendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞follicular dendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglass appearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressiveosteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressiveossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifyingfibroma日光放射状(影像)sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatousinflammation软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoidfobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullaryplasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifyingfibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primaryhyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compact osteoma致密性骨炎condensing ostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreral chondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giantcell granuloma转化亢进high-turnover state棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症X histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylar hyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoid granuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoid arthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoid nodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibularjoint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive jointdisease纤维素样变fibrinoid change象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellular reserve celltheory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomaliesof ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotentialunicellular reserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellular theoryword.多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphic adenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignant pleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basal reserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal cell adenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acute sialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cell carcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benign lymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma 淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps 慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner 瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-celllymphoma迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductalpapilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto's thyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillary cystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenoma papilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelial membraneantigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren's syndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilic adenoma透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiated carcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary gland virus disease涎腺导管癌salivary duct carcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary duct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivary duct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia of salivary gland涎腺发育异常development anomalies ofsalivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence ofsalivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoidcarcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst of adults发育性根侧囊肿lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossal tract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasationcyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infectedbuccal cyst下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogeniccyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst ofthe newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producingodontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogenic cystword.炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst of infants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucous retention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤mural ameloblastoma标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseous ameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formative tissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblastic sarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblastic fibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤malignant ameloblastoma反折线reversal line非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症osseous dysplasias混合性牙瘤complex odontoma基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤basal cell ameloblastoma棘皮瘤型acanthomatous type畸形malformation极性倒置reversed polarity角化成釉细胞瘤keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型granular cell type良性成牙骨质细胞瘤benign cementoblastoma滤泡型follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure明显的玻璃样变marked hyalinization前成釉细胞preameloblast乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤papilliferous keratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤dentinogenic ghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织cementoid牙瘤odontoma牙源性癌odontogenic carcinoma牙源性癌肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性钙化囊肿calcifying odontogeniccyst ,COC牙源性钙化囊性瘤calcifying cysticodontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤calcifying epithelialodontogenic tumor; Pindborg瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤keratocysticodontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant change inodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性透明细胞癌clear cellodontogenic carcinoma牙源性透明细胞瘤clear cellodontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤odontogenic fibroma牙源性腺样瘤adenomatoid odontogenictumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤odontogenicgingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌odontogenic ghost cellcarcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤odontogenic ghost celltumor牙源性粘液瘤odontogenic myxoma牙源性肿瘤odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤classic ameloblastoma影上皮细胞ghost epithelial cell原发性骨内癌primary intraosseouscarcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌primaryintraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤myxoma粘液纤维瘤myxofibroma真性牙骨质瘤true cementoma中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giantcell lesion （granuloma）周边型peripheral ameloblastoma周边性牙源性纤维瘤peripheralodontogenic fibroma转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing（malignant）ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤compound odontoma第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变边缘不规则border irregularity不对称asymmetry车轮状-多形性storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤adult fibrosarcoma成釉细胞癌ameloblastic carcinoma丛状血管瘤tufted angioma又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa）动静脉性血管瘤arteriovenoushemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症polymorphichistocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma恶性雀斑样痣lentigo melanoma恶性肉芽肿malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤malignant fibroushistocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high gradepleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with giant cell）；炎症型称为炎症性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatorymalignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with prominent inflammation）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoidfibrous hisiocytoma））非霍奇金淋巴瘤non- Hodgkinlymphoma,NHL分叶状纤维瘤leaf-fibroma复合痣compound naevus汞纹amalgamtatoo海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma黑色素瘤melanoma黑色素胚前瘤menotic progonoma黑素细胞痣melanocytic naevus化脓性肉芽肿pyogenic granuloma霍奇金病Hodgkin disease,HD棘层松解性鳞状细胞癌acantholyticsquamous cell carcinoma也称腺样鳞状细胞癌（adenoid squamous cell carcinoma）基底样鳞状细胞癌basaloid squamouscell carcinoma尖锐湿疣condyloma acuminatum亦称性病性疣（venereal wart）或性病性湿疣（venereal condyloma）交界痣junctional naevus静脉性血管瘤vanous hemangioma结节性恶性黑色素瘤nodular malignantmelanoma巨细胞性龈瘤giant cell epulis局灶性上皮增生focal epithelialhyperplasia亦称Heck病（Heck disease）颗粒细胞肌母细胞瘤granular cellmyoblastoma颗粒细胞瘤granular cell tumor口腔转移性肿瘤metastatic tumors inthe oral tissues棱形小体angulate body淋巴管瘤lymphangioma淋巴瘤样肉芽肿病lymphomatoidgranulomatosis,LYG淋巴网状系统lymphoreticular system鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma鳞状细胞乳头状瘤squamous cellword.。