口腔专业英语名词解释J

口腔专业相关英语词汇alveolar bone 牙槽骨carcinoma of maxillary sinus 上颌窦癌carcinoma of tongue 舌癌 cellulitis of the floor of the mouth 口底蜂窝织炎cementum 牙骨质dental arch 牙弓dental crown 牙冠dental defect 牙体缺损dental necrosis 牙坏死dental sac 牙囊dentin 牙本质enamel 牙釉质endodontics 牙体牙髓病学 extraction 拔牙术fascial space infection 间隙感染 fluoride 氟化物fracture of maxillary 上颌骨骨折 gum, gingiva 牙龈herpetic stomatitis 疱疹性口炎 infraorbital space 眶下间隙 jaw 颌骨leukoplakia 白斑lichen planus 扁平苔藓local anesthesia 局麻mucous cyst 粘液囊肿odontoclasis 牙折ora candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病 oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral pathology 口腔病理学 oral surgery 口腔外科orthodontics 正畸学osteomyelitis of the jaws 颌骨骨髓炎pediatric dentistry 口腔儿科学 periodontal ligament 牙周韧带periodontal membrane 牙周膜 periodontics 牙周病学prosthodontics 修复学pterygomandibular space 翼颌间隙 public-health dentistry 口腔预防医学 pulp 牙髓pulp exposure 牙髓暴露pulpectomy 牙骨摘除术pulpitis 牙髓炎pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 radiation osteomyelitis 放射性骨髓炎 radicular syst 根端囊肿recurrent aphthae 复发性口疮 root canal therapy 根管治疗 root of tooth 牙根sublingual gland syst 舌下腺囊肿 sublingual space 舌下间隙submasseteric space 嚼肌间隙 submaxillary space 颌下间隙 tartar 牙石temporomandibular joint 颞颌关节 thrush 鹅口疮tooth decay 龋齿tooth replantation 牙再植术 torsion of teeth 牙扭转alveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿ameloblastoma 造釉细胞瘤apical infection 根尖感染apical syst 根尖囊肿branchial cleft cyst 肋裂囊肿 carcinoma of buccal mucosa 颊粘膜癌carcinoma of gingiva 牙龈癌carcinoma of lip 唇癌caries 龋齿circumvallate papillae 轮廓乳头 crown fracture 冠折deciduous teeth 乳牙dental impaction 牙阻生dental plaque 菌斑dental root fracture 根折 denticulus,denticle 髓石dentoalveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿 drug-induced gingivitis 药物性龈炎epulis 龈瘤filiform papillae 丝状乳头 fistula apicalis 根尖瘘管foliate papillae 叶状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头 gingival abscess 牙龈脓肿 gingivitis 牙龈炎gingivitis in leukemia 白血病龈炎 injury of teeth 牙损伤juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎 luxated tooth 牙脱位lymphoepithelial lesions 淋巴上皮病 missing tooth 牙脱失mixed dentition 混合牙列mixed tumor of salivary gland 涎腺混合瘤mumps 流行性腮腺炎nevi 色素痣occlusion 咬合palate 腭paradontoma 牙周膜瘤parageusia 味觉异常paraglossa 舌肿paraglossia 舌下炎paralalia 出语障碍，构音倒错parotitis 腮腺炎periapical abscess 根尖脓肿periapical disease 根尖周病pericoronitis 冠周炎periodontitis 牙周炎permanent teeth 恒牙pulp horn 髓角root resorption 牙根吸收sebaceous cyst 皮脂囊肿sialolithiasis 涎石病sublinguitis 舌下腺炎teeth 牙齿thyroglossal tract cyst 甲状舌管囊肿tongue 舌tooth migration 牙移动tooth replacement 牙复位toothache 牙痛wedge-shaped erosion 楔状缺损dental caries n. 龋 white spot lesion 白恶班损害facet-area n. 面，面区 dental floss 牙线brown spot lesion棕褐色的，褐色班损害 remineralization 再矿化interproximal a. 邻面 perikymata n 釉面横纹discoloration n. 变色 fissure caries 沟裂，沟裂龋focus n. 病灶 groove-fossa system 窝沟系统cavity preparation 制备，洞型制备，预备 outline form 外形，洞缘形resistance form 抗力形 retention form 固位形convenience form 便利形 varnishing n. 上洞漆conditioning 指修复前的一些准备工作 cavosurface angle 洞缘角air syringe 喷枪、注射机，气枪 cling 附着microleakage 微漏amalgam n. 汞合金 faciolingual a. 面舌的，颊舌的resin fissure sealant树脂窝沟封闭剂 marginal ridge a. 边缘嵴mesiodistally adv. 近远中向地 etchant n. 刻蚀剂slot restoration 开槽性修复 round bur 钻针，球钻handpiece n. 牙科用手机reversible pulpitis 可复性牙髓炎 analgesic n. 止痛药sequela n. 后遗症 irreversible pulpitis 不可复性牙髓炎broach 髓针 pulpotomy n. 牙髓切断术formocresol n. 甲醛甲酚 ubperiosteal adj. 骨膜下的intraseptal adj. 间隔内的 interligamentary adj. 韧带内的exudates 渗出物，渗出液 radiolucency 射线透射性 rationale n 基本原理，理论基础 sepsis n. 脓毒症apicoectomy n. 根尖切断术 file n. 锉reamer n. 扩大针 obturation 封闭gutta percha 牙胶 rootperforation根管穿孔curettage n. 刮除术 root resection根尖切除术hemisection n. 半切术chief complaint 主诉 electric pulp test 牙髓电活力测试neuralgia n. 神经痛 hydrodynamic theory 流体动力学说thermal test 温度诊 percussion n. 叩诊palpation n. 扪诊 periosteum n. 骨膜purulent adj. 化脓的Periodontium 牙周组织 supragingival plaque 龈上菌斑stipple 点彩 periodontal pocket 牙周袋supraybony 骨上的 infrabony 骨下的bleeding on probing 探诊出血 juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎mucogingival junction 膜龈联合 gingival sulcus 龈沟1)give rise to 导致，造成2).penetrate into 插入3)confuse with 把与混淆gingivitis 牙龈炎 acute gingivitis 急性牙龈炎 subacute gingivitis 亚急性牙龈炎 recurrent gingivitis 复发性龈炎 chronic gingivitis 慢性牙龈炎localized gingivitis 局限性牙龈炎 generalized ginginvitis 广泛性牙龈炎marginal gingivitis 边缘性龈炎 papillary gingivitis 龈乳头炎 diffuse gingivitis 弥散性牙龈炎 gingival bleeding 牙龈出血acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死溃疡性龈炎 herpetic gingivostomatitis 疱疹性龈口炎 pigmentation 色素沉着 edematous 水肿的recession 退缩supragingival scaling 龈上洁治术 subgingival scaling 龈下洁治术 root planing 根面平整 sickle 镰形器 curette 匙形器 hoe 锄形器 chisel 凿modified pen grasp 改良握笔式 finger rest 支点 overlapping 叠瓦式的Disease terms: aphthae(口疮，小溃疡), crohn’s disease(克罗恩病，局限性肠炎), herpangina(疱疹性咽峡炎), Behcet’s disease( 白塞氏病)，herpes simplex virus(单纯疱疹病毒)， sialometaplasia(涎腺化生)，fixed drug eruption(固定性药疹)，cold sore(感冒疮)，lymphadenopathy(淋巴结病)，dermatoses(皮肤病)，canker sore 口腔溃疡，papule(丘疹)。

第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌 bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatineprocess前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管 incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionicplacode施万细胞 Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoicacid syndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel'scartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊 pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭 primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasalprocess主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白 ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwingepithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctionalcomplex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassezepithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白 non-collagenousprotein NSPs内釉上皮层inner enamalepithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dentalepithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落 shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforatingfiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiarydentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone,the zone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reactiondentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubulardentin管周牙本质peritubulardentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20 matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondarydentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber,最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamictheory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostaticpotential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contourline of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobulardentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer ofnerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说directinnervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendriticcells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质scleroticdentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomesprocesses pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel 细胞牙骨质cellularcementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin 限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentin sialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction 牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiostealgroup牙间乳头interdentalpapilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingivaljunction牙龈上皮gingvalepithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-richprotein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibulargland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelialcell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucouscell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctionalcomplex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-typesecretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?grensyndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilicadenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articular surface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type I白兰地型brandywineisolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacialhyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia;supernumerary teeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluoride enamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcifiedtype过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cuspdeformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossadeformity畸形中央尖central cuspdeformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突densevaginatus of anterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence ofdeciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidrotic ectodermaldysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石waterstreaming round bouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracyclinestained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranial dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenitalsyphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastictype雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1 dentinmatrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutansstreptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of thelesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytictheory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory坏死崩解层zone ofdestruction获得性薄膜acquiredpellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surfacecaries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说threeprimary factors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenictheory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone ofdemineralization唾液薄膜salivarypellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissurecaries细菌侵入层zone ofbacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolar degeneration of theodontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acutesupurative pulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulpcalcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of the pulp牙髓纤维性变pulpfibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external toothresorption转化生长因子transfergrowth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapicalgranuloma根尖周炎periapicalperiodontitis急性根尖周炎acuteperiapical periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acutealveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoicacids慢性根尖脓肿chronicperiapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronicperiapical periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonicalveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensingosteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumornecrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleukins,IL白血病性龈增大gingivalenlargement associated withleukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitiswith leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated withendodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginalgingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期establishedlesion剥脱性龈病损desquamativelesion of gingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumaticocclusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquireddeformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as amanifestation of systemicdiseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingivallesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincentgingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroidesforsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontal diseases基质金属蛋白酶matrix metalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizing gingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronicgingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentationfactor,ODF前列腺素E2prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎pubertalgingivitis人类白细胞抗原humanleucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancygingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T.maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cellgingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathicgingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeintgingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellularadhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental plaque biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuseatrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dentalplaque-induced gingivaldisease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Capno gingivalis牙龈乳头炎papillarygingivitis牙龈退缩gingivalrecession牙周变性periodontaldegeneration牙周病periodontaldisease牙周脓肿abcesses of theperiodontium牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influencedgingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingivalfibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditarygingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingivalcrevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft;Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white foldeddisease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmedcell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythemamultiforme exsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthous ulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitis mucosa necroticarecurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculation and liquefactionof hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersederythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenouserythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclearantibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granularerythroplakia口腔 Kaposi肉瘤oralKaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oralnon-Hodgkin lymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairyleukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oralcandidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oralsubmucous fibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichenPlanus Pemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benignmigratory glossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benignmucous membrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupus erythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areata exfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingualpapillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticulardegeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitisglandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign lymphoadenosis ofmucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermaldendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt'slymphoma不确定细胞indeterminatecell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eatenappearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagicbone cyst穿凿性吸收tunnelingresorption or dissectingresorption穿凿样punched-outappearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bonecyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic bibrous dysplasia也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleatestromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmalbone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiplemyeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiplechondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignantosteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cellrich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitarybone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitisossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifyingfibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant celltumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitarymyeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondarycartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondaryhyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cysticdisease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia ofthe jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis ofjaws静止性骨腔static bonecavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giantosteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant celllesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giantcell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhanscell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhanscell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cellhistiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhansgiant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwedisease良性成骨细胞瘤benignoseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitating dendriticcell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞folliculardendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré's chronicnonsuppurative sclerosingostitis Garre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic osteomyelitis withproliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic focal sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic diffuse sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglassappearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive ossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifying fibroma 日光放射状(影像) sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatous inflammation 软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoid fobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullary plasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewing sarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifying fibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primary hyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compactosteoma致密性骨炎condensingostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreralchondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giant cellgranuloma转化亢进high-turnoverstate棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症XhistiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylarhyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoidgranuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoidarthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoidnodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibular jointdisorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villousprojection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmented villonosdularsynovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive joint disease纤维素样变fibrinoidchange象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotentialbicellular reserve cell theory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤 sialoblastoma大细胞癌 large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies of ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycysticparotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellularreserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellulartheory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-gradeadenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphicadenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignantpleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepitheliallesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivarygland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌 clearcell carcinoma, not otherwisespecified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwisespecified，NOS分泌组份secretorycomponent副涎腺accessory salivarygland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicularadenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase,PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiencysyndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤 Hodgkinlymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basalreserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal celladenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎 acutepyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acutesialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cellcarcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zoneB-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bonycavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benign lymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma迷走涎腺aberrantsalivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌 cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤 cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductal papilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌 sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceouslymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceousadenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto'sthyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidin biotin-peroxidasecomplex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillary cystadenomalymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenomapapilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelialmembrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sj?gren'ssyndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilicadenoma透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma透明细胞瘤clear celltumor未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary glandvirus disease涎腺导管癌salivary ductcarcinoma涎腺导管结石salivaryduct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivaryduct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia ofsalivary gland涎腺发育异常developmentanomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis ofsalivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary glandcyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenitalabsence of salivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic ofsaIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤 haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoid hyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst 鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolarcyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cystof adults发育性根侧囊肿lateralperiodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossaltract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿orallymphoepithelial cyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canalcyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleftcyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucousextravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccalcyst下颌正中囊肿medianmandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandularodontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dentallamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucusproducing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogeniccyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst ofinfants釉突 enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinomasyndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucousretention cyst。

西医口腔科术语英文翻译以下是50个常见的西医口腔科术语英文翻译：1. 龋齿：Caries2. 牙髓炎：Pulpitis3. 根尖周炎：Periapical Periodontitis4. 牙龈炎：Gingivitis5. 牙周炎：Periodontitis6. 智齿：Wisdom Teeth7. 牙列不齐：Malocclusion8. 牙缺失：Tooth Loss9. 牙石：Dental Calculus10. 牙菌斑：Dental Plaque11. 牙齿敏感：Tooth Sensitivity12. 牙齿漂白：Tooth Whitening13. 牙齿矫正：Orthodontics14. 牙套：Braces15. 口腔溃疡：Oral Ulcers16. 口臭：Bad Breath17. 牙列拥挤：Spaces in the Dentition18. 唾液腺囊肿：Salivary Gland Cysts19. 颞下颌关节紊乱：Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD)20. 口腔癌：Oral Cancer21. 牙髓坏死：Pulp Necrosis22. 根管治疗：Root Canal Therapy23. 口腔颌面部外伤：Maxillofacial Trauma24. 唇裂：Cleft Lip25. 腭裂：Cleft Palate26. 正畸治疗：Orthodontic Treatment27. 正畸保持器：Retention Appliance28. 牙周手术：Periodontal Surgery29. 前牙美容修复：Cosmetic Repair of Anterior Teeth30. 根尖囊肿：Apical Cysts31. 磨牙症：Bruxism32. 牙齿磨损：Tooth Abrasion33. 牙齿裂纹：Tooth Fractures34. 口腔粘膜病：Oral Mucosal Diseases35. 口腔颌面部感染：Maxillofacial Infections36. 口腔颌面部肿瘤：Maxillofacial Tumors37. 颞下颌关节紊乱综合症：Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD)38. 唾液腺炎：Salivary Gland Infections39. 牙齿外伤：Tooth Trauma40. 牙齿修复体崩瓷：Porcelain Fracture or Chipping of Fixed Prostheses41. 前牙区美学修复重建手术：Surgical Esthetic Reconstruction of Anterior Teeth Area42. 前牙间隙美学修复重建手术：Surgical Esthetic Reconstruction of Anterior Gap Teeth Area43. 正畸矫治器脱落或损坏处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Loss or Damage44. 正畸矫治器附件脱落或损坏处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Accessory Loss or Damage45. 正畸矫治器加力不当处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Improper Force Application46. 正畸矫治器附件加力不当处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Accessory Improper Force Application47. 正畸矫治器弓丝脱落或损坏处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Archwire Loss or Damage48. 正畸矫治器弓丝加力不当处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Archwire Improper Force Application49. 正畸矫治器带环脱落或损坏处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Band Loss or Damage50. 正畸矫治器托槽脱落或损坏处理方法：Treatment of Orthodontic Appliance Bracket Lossor Damage。

鼻凹 nasal pit鼻板 nasal placode鼻腭管 naso-palatal canal鼻鳍 nasal fin侧腭突 lateral palatal process ，也称继发腭( second palate )，腭突( palatine shelf )第一鳃弓软骨 Meckel's cartilage 额鼻突frontonasal process 腭裂 cleft palate分叉舌 bifid tongue ，也称舌裂( cleft tongue ， split tongue )颌裂 cleft jaw继发腭 secondary palate颊咽膜 orapharyngeal membrane 甲状舌管 thyroglossal duct 界沟 sulcus terminalis 颈窦 cervical sinus 口凹 oral pit 口咽膜 orapharyngeal membrane 拉特克囊 Rathke's pouch ，也称神经颊囊( craniobuccal pouch )，颅颊囊( craniopharyngeal pouch )联合 merge 联合突 copula 面裂 facial cleft 模式发育 patterning 奇结节 tuberculum impar 前腭突 median palatine process 前脑单脑室畸形 Holoprosencephaly 切牙管incisive canal 球状突 globular process 融合 fuse 鳃弓 branchial arch 鳃沟 branchial groove 上颌突 maxillary process 舌盲孔foramen cecum神经节原基 ganglionic placode施万细胞 Schwann 细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征 retinoic acid syndrome (RAS,妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨 Meckel's cartilage嗅板 olfactory placode嗅窝 nasal pit咽囊 pharyngeal pouch 也称鳃囊原发腭 primary palate原口 stomadeum中鼻突 medial nasal process主动脉的 conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖 glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞 odontoblast成釉蛋白 ameloblastin成釉器 enamel organ成釉细胞 ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞 secretoryodontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘 Hertwing epithelialroot sheath基质小泡 matrix vesicle颈环 cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞 resting odontoblast蕾状期 bud stage连接复合体 junctional complex 马拉瑟上皮剩余 Malassez epithelial rest帽状期 cap stage萌出 eruption非胶原蛋白 non-collagenous protein 内釉上皮层 inner enamal epithelium 前成牙本质细胞 preodontoblast 前期牙本质 predentin缩余釉上皮 reduced dentalepithelium托姆斯突 Tomes processe脱落 shedding 交替外釉上皮层 outer enamal epithelium星网状层 stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头 dental papilla引导管 gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白 tuftelin釉结enamel k not釉龛enamelniche釉索enamel c ord釉质形成 amelogenesis原发性上皮带 primary epithelialband罩牙本质 mantle dentin中间层 stratum intermedium终棒 terminal web钟状期 bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白 vitronectin ，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞 fibroblast成牙本质细胞 odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起 odontoblastic process ，也称 "Tomes'fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白 ameloblastin穿通纤维 perforating fiber蛋白酶 proteinases第一章口腔颌面部发育神经嵴 neural crest NSPs第三期牙本质 tertiary dentin 芮氏线 lines of Retzius ，釉质生长线修复性牙本质 reparative dentin多细胞层 cell-rich zone 沙比纤维 Sharpey's fiber ，穿通纤维牙本质 dentin乏细胞层 cell-free zone, the zone of 神经壁层 parietal layer of nerves ，牙本质磷蛋白 dentin phosphophoryn ；Weil ， Weil 层Raschkow 丛dentin phosphoproteins ， DPP反应性牙本质 reaction dentin 神经传导学说 direct innervation 牙本质生长线 von Ebner 1ine反转线 reversal line theory 牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoprotein ，非釉原蛋白 non-amelogenins 生长激素抑制素 somatostatin DSP缝隙连接 gap junction 生长线 incremental lines ，同芮氏线牙本质涎磷蛋白 dentin骨钙素 osteocalcin 施雷格线 Schreger line sialophosphoproteins骨连接素 osteonectin 树突状细胞 dendritic cells 牙本质小管 dentinal tubule骨桥蛋白 osteopontin 双糖链蛋白聚糖 biglycan 牙本质牙骨质界 dentino-cemental骨样牙本质 osteodentin 丝氨酸蛋白酶 serine proteinases junction固有牙髓 pulp proper （ kallikrein-4 ）牙骨质 cementum管间牙本质 intratubular dentin 死区 dead tract 牙骨质生长因子 cementum growth管周牙本质 peritubular dentin 髓核 pulp core factor核心蛋白聚糖 decorin 髓周牙本质 circumpulpal dentin 牙骨质粘附蛋白 cementum adhesion 横纹 cross striations 糖胺聚糖 glycosaminoglycans protein基质金属蛋白酶 20 matrix 透明层 hyaline layer 牙面平行线 perikymata ，也称釉面横纹metalloproteinases 20 ， MMP20 透明牙本质 sclerotic dentin 牙髓 dental pulp继发性牙本质 secondary dentin ，牙发透明牙本质 transparent dentin 牙髓牙本质复合体 pulpo-dentinal育完成之后形成的牙本质托姆斯颗粒层 Tomes' granular layer complex腱蛋白 tenascin 托姆斯突凹 Tomes processes pit ， TPP 牙釉质 enamel绞釉 gnarled enamel 微孔 micropore 牙釉质溶解蛋白 enamelysin紧密连接 tight junction 未分化间充质细胞 undifferentiated 牙釉质牙本质界 enamel-dentinal科尔夫纤维 Korff's fiber, 最先形成mesenchymal cell junction （ EDJ）的牙本质纤维无细胞固有纤维牙骨质 acellular 牙釉质牙骨质界 enamelo-cemental类牙骨质 cementoid intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC junction流体动力学说 hydrodynamic theory 无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质 acellular 油炸圈样 appearance of doughnut磨损 abrasion, attrition extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质 cellular纳米球 nanospheres 无细胞无纤维牙骨质 acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC耐龋潜能 cariostatic potential afibrillar cementum, AAC 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质 cellular脑啡肽 enkephalin 无细胞牙骨质 acellular cementum mixed stratified cementum, CMSC诺伊曼鞘 Neumann sheath 无釉柱牙釉质 rodless enamel 釉板 enamel lamellae欧文线 Owen line （加重的牙本质生长细胞牙骨质 cellular cementum 釉丛 enamel tufts线），也称 "contour line of Owen" 纤维粘连蛋白 fibronectin 釉丛蛋白 tuftelin前期牙本质 predentin 限制板 lamina limitans 釉蛋白 enamelin桥粒 desmosome 楔状缺损 wedge shaped defect 釉帽 enamel cap球间牙本质 interglobular dentin 新生线 neonatal line 釉面横纹 perikymata ，也称牙面平行线釉梭 enamel spindle釉小皮 enamel cuticle釉牙本质界 enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白 amelogenins釉柱 enamel rod釉柱鞘 enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质 primary dentin ，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原 tropocollagen灶性孔 focal hole, FH罩牙本质 mantle dentin中间连接 intermediate junction 中间牙骨质intermediate cementum 重塑 remodeling 转导学说 transduction theory组织细胞 histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维 oxytalan fibers弹力纤维 elastin fibers点彩 stippling凋亡 apoptosis附着龈 attached gingiva根尖组 apical group根间组 interradicular group固有牙槽骨 alveolar bone proper环行组 circular group结合上皮 junctional epithelium束骨 bundle bone水平组 horizontal group斜行组 oblique group牙槽骨 alveolar bone牙槽嵴组 alveolar crest group牙槽突 alveolar process牙槽龈组 alveologingival group牙骨膜组 dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头 interdental papilla牙龈 gingiva牙龈结合 dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮gingval epithelium 第六章涎腺半月板 demilune 胞吐 exocytosis 杯状细胞 goblet cell 储备细胞 reserve cell锇酸 osmic acid 分泌单位 secretoryunit 分泌管 secretory duct 富脯氨酸蛋白 proline-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein 干细胞 stem cell高血糖素样蛋白 glucogon-like protein颌下腺 submandibular gland 混合性腺泡 mixed acinus 肌动蛋白 actin 肌球蛋白 myosin 肌上皮细胞 myoepithelialcell 肌微丝 myofilament 浆液性腺泡serous acinus 浆粘液细胞 seromucouscell 晶样体 crystalloid 局浆分泌merocrine 抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞 basket cell 连接复合体junctional complex 酶原颗粒zymogen granule 排泄管 excretoryduct 粘多糖 mucin 粘液性腺泡mucous acinus 全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion 乳铁蛋白lactoferrin 闰管 intercalated duct 腮腺 parotid gland腮腺导管 Stensen duct腮腺素 parotin舌下腺 sublingual gland舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren syndrome肾素 rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤 oncocytoma嗜酸细胞 oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤 oxiphilic adenoma唾液 saliva唾液腺 salivary gland味觉素 gustin纹管 striated duct涎液素 ptyatin腺泡 acinus小涎腺 minor salivary gland 原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞 primitive pluripotential salivaryduct cells致密小体 dense body组氨酸 histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带 cellularrich zone钙化软骨带 zone of calcifiedcartilage关节囊 capsule关节盘 disc滑膜 synovial membrane髁突 condyle颞下颌关节 temporo-mandibular joinTMJ纤维软骨带 fibrocartilaginous zone 纤维性关节表面带 fibrous articular surface第八章牙发育异常II 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia typeII ，冠部牙本质结构不良I 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasiatype I 四环素牙 tetracycline stained teeth 遗传性乳光牙本质 hereditary白兰地型 brandywine isolate ，牙本质锁骨颅骨发育不全征 cleidocranial opalescent dentin形成缺陷的一种dysplasia ；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良阴影牙 ghost teeth ，区域性牙发育不斑釉 mottled enamel 胎生牙 natal teeth ，出生时即已萌出良半面过度增生 hemifacial hyperplasia 的牙鹰爪尖 talon cusp成熟不全型 hypomatuaration type 特纳牙 Turner's teeth ，与乳牙有关的釉珠 enamel pearl低磷酸酯酶症 hypophosphatasia 感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，远中磨牙 distomolar多生牙 hyperdontia; supernumerary 导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全早萌 premature eruptionteeth 弯曲牙 dilacerations 正中牙 mesiodens非氟性牙釉质浑浊症 non-fluoride 无牙 adontiaenamel opacities 先天性梅毒牙 congenital syphilis 第九章龋病氟牙症 dental fluorosis 小牙 microdontia 暗层 dark zone附加牙 supplemental teeth 新生牙 noenatal teeth ，出生后 30 天变形链球菌 mutans streptococci; S.副磨牙 paramolar 内萌出的牙mutans钙化不全型 hypocalcified type 形成不全型 hypoplastic type 表层 surface zone过早脱落 premature loss 雪帽型 snow-capped 病损体部 body of the lesion畸形舌侧尖 lingual cusp deformity 牙本质基质蛋白 1 dentin matrix 蛋白溶解－螯合学说畸形舌侧窝 lingual fossa deformity protein 1, DMP1 proteolysis-chelation theory畸形中央尖 central cusp deformity 牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia 蛋白溶解学说 proteolytic theory结合牙 concrescence 牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoprotein, 发酵乳杆菌 L. fermentus巨牙 macrodontia DSP 放线菌属 actinomyces壳状牙 shell-teeth 牙本质形成缺陷症 II 型干酪乳杆菌 L. casei矿化不全型 hypomineralized type dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 根龋 root caries牛牙症 taurodontism 牙变色 discoloration of teeth 化学寄生学说 chemico-parasitic前牙的牙外突 dens evaginatus of 牙骨质发育不全 hypocementosis theoryanterior teeth 牙骨质过度增生 hypercementosis 化学细菌学说 chemico-bacterial区域性牙发育不良 regional 牙内陷 dens invaginatus theoryodontodysplasia ，阴影牙牙釉质混浊症 enamel opacities 坏死崩解层 zone of destruction融合牙 fusion 牙釉质矿化不全 hypomineralized 获得性薄膜 acquired pellicle ，唾液乳牙滞留 persistence of deciduous enamel 薄膜teeth 牙釉质形成不全 enamel hypoplasia 急性龋 acute caries桑椹牙 mulberry molar 牙釉质形成缺陷症 amelogenesis 静止性龋 arrested caries少汗外胚层发育不良 hypohidrotic imperfecta 菌斑 bacterial plaqueectodermal dysplasia 牙釉质延伸 cervical enamel 慢性龋 chronic caries少牙 hypodontia extension 猛性龋 rampant caries双生牙 gemination 牙中牙 dens in dente 内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii水流围绕圆石 water streaming round 牙阻生 impaction of teeth 平滑面龋 smooth surface caries bouldings ，根部牙本质结构不良的表现延迟萌出 retarded eruption 轻链球菌 S. mitis乳杆菌属Lactobacilli 三联因素学说three primary factorsTNFdegeneration of the 急性化脓性牙髓炎pulpitis 急性浆液性牙髓炎pulpitis 急性牙髓炎可复性牙髓炎odontoblastic layer acute supurativeacute serousacute pulpitisreversible pulpitis periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿磷脂壁酸acute alveolar abscesslipoteichoic acids慢性闭锁性牙髓炎pulpitis 慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic closedchronic ulcerative慢性根尖脓肿abscess慢性根尖周炎periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿abscess肽葡聚糖chronic periapicalchronic periapicalchonic alveolarpeplidoglyansnon-plaque-induced gingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus ，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizingperiodontal diseases慢性增生性牙髓炎 chronichyperplastic pulpitistheory嗜酸乳杆菌 L. acidophilus酸原学说 acidogenic theory透明层 translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层 zone of demineralization 唾液薄膜salivary pellicle ，获得性薄膜窝沟龋 pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层 zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌 S. sanguis牙本质龋 dentin caries牙骨质龋 cementum caries牙釉质龋 enamel caries远缘链球菌 S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus逆行性牙髓炎 retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins ， PGs特发性吸收idiopathicresorption牙内吸收internal toothresorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死 necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩 reticular atrophy ofthe pulp牙髓纤维性变 pulp fibrosis 牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收 tooth resorption 牙外吸收external tooth resorption 转化生长因子 transfer growth第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素 interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大 gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎 gingivitis withleukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎 periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎 marginal gingivitis变性 degeneration病损确立期 established lesion剥脱性龈病损 desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤 trauma创伤性咬合 traumatic occlusion蛋白酶 proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况第十章牙髓病白三烯 leukotrienes ， LTs 白细胞介素 interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎 irreversible pulpitis残髓炎 residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性 vacuolarfactor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎 cellulitis 根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma 根尖周炎periapical periodontitis 急性根尖周炎acute periapical developmental oracquired deformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎 periodontitis as amanifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌 Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans ， Aa 非菌斑性牙龈病损metalloprotinases ，MMP hyperplasia 龈沟液gingival crevicular激素性龈炎 steroidhormone-influenced gingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎 acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎 plasma cell gingivitis 胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶 metalloproteinases 进展期advanced lesion聚集 aggregation菌毛 fimbriae老年性萎缩 senile atrophy 硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase 慢性牙周炎 chronic periodontitis 慢性龈炎 chronic gingivitis 密螺旋体属 Treponema 破骨细胞分化因子osteoclastdifferentation factor,ODF前列腺素 E2 prostglandinE2 ， PGE2侵袭性牙周炎 aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎 pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原 human leucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎 pregnancy gingivitis始发期 initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体 T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎 fusospirochetalgingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎 idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生 idiopathic gingival透明质酸酶 hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白 mucin维生素 C 缺乏性龈炎 vitamin Cdeficeint gingivitis萎缩 atrophy细胞因子 cytokine细胞粘附分子 cellular adhesion molecules ， CAM细菌性生物膜 dental pla que biofilm 先天性家族性纤维瘤病 congenital familialfibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophyofalveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病 dental plaque-inducedgingival disease牙龈病 gingival diseases 牙龈卟啉单胞菌 Porphyromonas gingivalis ，牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap nogingivalis牙龈乳头炎 papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩 gingival recession 牙周变性periodontal degeneration 牙周病periodontal disease 牙周脓肿 abcessesof the periodontium牙周炎 periodontitis牙周症 periodontosis炎症 inflammation咬合创伤 occlusal trauma 药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病 hereditarygingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生 hereditary gingivalhyperplasia龈袋 gingival pocketfluid,GCF龈裂 gingival cleft; Stillman'Scleft龈增生 gingival hyperplasia营养不良 dystrophy营养不良性 dystrophic早老性萎缩 presenile atrophy早期病变 early lesion粘附 adhesion粘性放线菌 Actinomyces viscosus ， Av战壕口炎 trench mouth脂多糖 lipopolysaccharedes ， LPS中间密螺旋体中性多形核白细胞 polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤 neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-a tumor necrosisfactor- a, TNF-a组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂 tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase ， TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病 AIDS白斑 leukoplakia白塞综合征 Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣 white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌 candida albicans白色水肿 leukoedema白皱折病 white folded disease斑 macule扁平苔藓 lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡 programmed cell death大疱 bulla单纯性疱疹 herpes simplex地图舌 geographic tongue淀粉样变性 amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑 erythema multiforme lymphoma 天疱疮细胞 Tzanck cellexsudativum 口腔毛状白斑 oral hairy 网状变性 reticular degeneration非典型性 atypia leukoplakia , OHL 韦格内肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis非霍奇金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin lymphoma 口腔念珠菌病 oral candidiasis 萎缩 atrophy复发性阿弗他口炎 recurrent aphthous 口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucous 细胞凋亡 cell apoptosisstomatitis,RAS fibrosis 腺性唇炎 cheilitis glandularis复发性阿弗他溃疡 recurrent aphthous 溃疡 ulcer 肖曼小体 Schauann bodies ,多核巨细ulcer ， RAU 类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen Planus 胞内的包涵体复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎Pemphigoides,LPP 眼、口、生殖器三联综合征periadenitis mucosa necrotica 良性游走性舌炎 benign migratory oculo-oral-genital syndrome recurrens ， PMNR glossitis 增殖性红斑 erythroplasia过度不全角化 hyperparakeratosis 良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucous 粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign过度角化 hyperkeratosis membrane pemphigoid lymphoadenosis of mucosa过度正角化 hyperorthokeratosis 硫黄素 T thioflavine T 周缘扩展现象 Nikolsky 征海绵形成 spongiosis 慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid红斑 erythroplakia lupus erythematosus 第十四章颌骨疾病红色增殖性病变 erythroplastic 梅一罗综合征 Melkersson-Rosenthal 板层骨 lamellar bonelesion syndrome 表皮树突状细胞 dermal dendrocyte获得性免疫缺陷综合征 acquired 糜烂 erosion 伯基特淋巴瘤 Burkitt's lymphoma immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋念珠菌病 candidiasis 不确定细胞 indeterminate cell病疱 vesicle 成软骨细胞瘤 chondroblastoma基底细胞空泡性变及液化 vaculation 疱疹性口炎 herpetic stomatitis 虫蚀状 moth-eaten appearanceand liquefaction of hasal cell 气球变性 ballooning degeneration 出血性骨囊肿 hemorrhagic bone cyst棘层松解 acantholysis 桥粒芯胶粘蛋白 desmocollins 穿凿性吸收 tunneling resorption or棘层增生 acanthosis 桥粒芯糖蛋白 desmogleins dissecting resorption痂 crusts 丘疹 papule 穿凿样 punched-out appearance假膜 pseudomembra ne,伪膜区域剥脱性舌炎 glossitis areata 单纯性骨囊肿 simple bone cyst间杂型红斑 interspersed exfoliativa 单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic erythroplakia 人免疫缺陷病毒 human bibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构胶样小体 colloid body , Civatte 小体immunodeficiency virus , HIV 不良角化不良 dyskeratosis 肉芽肿性唇炎 cheilitis 单核基质细胞 mononucleate stromal结节病 sarcoidosis granulomatosa cell均质型红斑 homogenous erythroplakia 上皮萎缩 epithelial atrophy 单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear皲裂 rhagade 上皮异常增生 epithelial dysplasia phagocyte system抗核抗体 antinuclear antibody , ANA 舌乳头炎 lingual papillitis 动脉瘤性骨囊肿 aneurysmal bone cyst 颗粒型红斑 granular erythroplakia 嗜碱性变性 basophilic degeneration 多发性骨髓瘤 multiple myeloma口腔 Kaposi 肉瘤 oral Kaposi sarcoma 噬黑色素细胞 melanophages 多发性软骨瘤病 multiple口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkin 天疱疮 pemphigus chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症 polyostotic 汉- 许- 克病Langerhans cell histiocytosis ，同郎格fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease 汉斯细胞病( Langerhans cell disease )不良颌骨放线菌病 actinomycosis of jaws 朗汉斯巨细胞 Langhans giant cell恶性成骨细胞瘤 malignant 颌骨骨髓炎 osteomyelitis of jaws 勒-雪病 Letterer-Siwe disease osteoblastoma 颌骨结核 tuberculosis of jaws 良性成骨细胞瘤 benign oseoblastoma 腭隆突 torus palatinus 颌骨巨细胞病变 giant cell granuloma 淋巴结的交错突细胞 interdigitating放射性骨坏死 osteoradionecrosis 颌骨梅毒 syphilis of jaws dendritic cell非钙化骨样组织 unmineralized 弧立性骨髓瘤 solitary myeloma 硫磺颗粒 sulfur granuleosteoid 化牙骨质纤维瘤 cementifying fibroma 滤泡树枝状细胞 follicular dendritic富巨细胞性病变 giant cell rich 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎 acute celllesion suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws 慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garr G s钙化骨 mineralized bone 继发软骨 secondary cartilage chronic nonsuppurative sclerosing孤立性骨囊肿 solitary bone cyst 继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 secondary ostitis Garre骨化性骨膜炎 periostitis ossificans hyperparathyroidism 慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic 骨化性纤维瘤 ossifying fibroma 家族性颌骨多囊性病 familial osteomyelitis with proliferative骨巨细胞瘤 giant cell tumor of bone，mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws periostitisGCT 家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症 familial 慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic骨壳 involucrum fibrous dysplasia of the jaws suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws骨瘤 osteoma 家族性巨颌症 cherubism 慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic 骨膜骨肉瘤 periosteal osteosarcoma 甲状旁腺功能亢进focal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws骨膜下骨吸收 subperiosteal bone Hyperparathyroidism 慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic resorption 假囊肿 pseudocyst diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of骨旁骨肉瘤 paraosteal osteosarcoma 间叶型软骨肉瘤 mesenchymal jaws骨肉瘤 osteosarcoma chondrosarcoma 慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic骨软骨瘤 osteochondroma 浆细胞瘤 plasmacytoma sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws骨软骨性外生骨疣结核性颌骨骨髓炎 tuberculous 磨砂玻璃样 groundglass appearance osteocartilaginous exostosis osteomyelitis of jaws 内生型软骨瘤 enchondroma骨髓瘤 myeloma 静止性骨腔 static bone cavity 破骨细胞瘤 osteoclastoma骨外骨肉瘤 extraosseous 巨大型骨样骨瘤 giant osteoid 侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteosarcoma osteoma osteoblastoma骨外型软骨肉瘤 extraosseous 巨细胞肉芽肿 giant cell lesions of 侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive chondrosarcoma the jaws ossifying fibroma骨纤维结构不良 fibrous dysplasia of 巨细胞修复性肉芽肿 giant cell 青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenilebone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症reparative granuloma ossifying fibroma骨小梁周围纤维化 peritrabecular 郎格汉斯细胞病 Langerhans cell 日光放射状（影像） sun-rayfibrosis disease ，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症肉芽肿性炎症 granulomatous骨样骨瘤 osteoid osteoma ( Langerhans cell histiocytosis ) inflammation海绵型骨瘤 cancellous osteoma 郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症软骨瘤 chondroma软骨颅 chondrocranium （染色体）三体 trisomy 艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病软骨肉瘤 chondrosarcoma 垂直裂 vertical cleft HIV-associated salivary gland disease 软骨粘液样纤维瘤 chondromyxoid 错颌 malocclusion 暗细胞 dark cellsfobroma 骨剥露 denudation 奥辛兰 Alcian blue上皮样细胞 epithelioid cell 骨关节病 osteoarthrosis 半多能双储备细胞理论嗜酸性肉芽肿 eosinophilic granuloma 骨关节炎 osteoarthritis,OA semipluripotential bicellular reserve 树突状细胞系统 dendritic cell 骨赘性唇状突出 osteophytic lipping cell theorysystem 滑膜软骨瘤病 synovial 伴淋巴间质的未分化癌死骨 sequestrum osteochondromatosis undifferentiated carcinoma with髓外浆细胞瘤 extramedullary 髁突增生 condylar hyperplasia lymphoid stromaplasmacyfoma 类风湿肉芽肿 rheumatoid granuloma 变性型涎腺肿大症 degenerative髓外性尤文肉瘤 extramedullarg Ewing 类风湿性关节炎 rheumatoid sialosissarcoma arthritis ， RA 波形丝蛋白 vimnentin图顿巨细胞 Touton giant cell 类风湿性小结 rheumatoid nodule 成涎细胞瘤 sialoblastoma外伤性骨囊肿 traumatic bone cyst 颞下颌关节紊乱病 temporomandibular 大细胞癌 large cell carcinoma外生骨疣 exostosis joint disorders 导管发育异常 developmental下颌隆突 torus mandibularis 切线裂 tangential cleft anomalies of ducts纤维 - 骨病变 fibro-osseous lesion 绒毛状突起 villous projection 导管内乳头状瘤 intraductal新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎 neonatal 色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎 pigmented papillomamaxillitis villonosdular synovitis 导管乳头状瘤 ductal papilloma牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤退行性关节病 degeneratitive joint 导管腺泡单位 ductoacinar unit cemento-ossifying fibroma disease 淀粉酶 amylase洋葱皮 onion-skin 纤维素样变 fibrinoid change 顶浆分泌 apocrine硬骨板 lamina dura 象牙化 eburnation （骨质）多动脉周围炎 polyarteritis原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 primary 血管翳 pannus 多发性肌炎 polymyositis hyperparathyroidism 蚓状小体 vermiform bodies 多囊腮腺 polycystic parotid gland 致密型骨瘤 compact osteoma 游离小体 loose body 多能单储备细胞理论 pluripotential 致密性骨炎 condensing ostitis 原纤维化 fibrillation unicellular reserve cell theory中心型 central type 多细胞理论 multicellular theory周围型 peripheral type 第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤多形性低度恶性腺癌 polymorphous 周围型软骨瘤 peripreral chondroma PAS periodic acid schiff 的缩写， PAS low-grade adenocarcinoma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿 peripheral giant 反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊多形性腺瘤 pleomorphic adenoma cell granuloma 染色恶性多形性腺瘤 malignant转化亢进 high-turnover state 癌胚抗原 carcinoembryonic antigen ，pleomorphic adenoma棕色瘤 brown tumor CEA 恶性淋巴上皮病变 malignant组织细胞增生症 X histiocytosisX 癌在多形性腺瘤中 carcinoma ex lymphoepithelial lesionpleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma in 发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入第十五章颞下颌关节病pleomorphic adenoma evelopmental lingual salivary gland放射线损伤 radiant impair inclusion disease 亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体非皮脂淋巴腺瘤 non-sebaceous 口腔干燥症 xerostomiaavidin biotin-peroxidase complex, ABC lymphadenoma链亲和素过氧化物酶 streptavidin 人类免疫缺陷病毒 hunman 非特异性透明细胞癌 clear cell peroxidase,S-Pimmunodeficiency HIV carcinoma, not otherwise specified 链亲和素生物素复合物溶菌酶 lysozyme 非特异性腺癌 adenocarcinoma not streptavidin-biotin complex SABC 乳铁蛋白 lactoferrin ， LF otherwise specified ， NOS 良性淋巴上皮病变 benign 乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillary分泌组份 secretory component lymphoepithelial lesion cystadenoma lymphomatosum 副涎腺 accessory salivary gland 亮细胞 light cells乳头状囊腺癌 papillary 干燥综合征 sicca syndrome 淋巴上皮癌 lymphoepithelial cystadenocarcinoma管状腺瘤 canalicular adenoma; carcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤 papillary cystadenoma tubular adenoma淋巴上皮囊肿 lymphoepithelial cyst 乳头状涎腺瘤 sialadenoma 过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶 peroxidase 鳞状细胞癌 squamous cell carcinoma papilliferum anti-proxidase, PAP 流行性腮腺炎 epidemic parotitis; 上皮 - 肌上皮癌汗腺瘤 syringoma mumpsepithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma 合胞体 syncytium慢性复发性腮腺炎 chronic recurrent 上皮肌上皮岛 epi-myoepithelial 坏死性涎腺化生 necrotizing parotitisislandsialometaplasia 慢性涎腺炎 chronic sialadenitis 上皮膜抗原 epithelial membrane 混合瘤 mixed tumor慢性硬化性颌下腺炎 chronic antigen ， EMA获得性免疫缺陷综合征 acquired sclerosing sialadenitis of舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren's syndrome immune deficiency syndrome AIDS submandibular gland; K uttner 瘤 施墨试验 Schirmer test ，检查泪液分 霍奇金淋巴瘤 Hodgkin lymphoma 弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 diffuse large 泌情况的一种试验肌上皮瘤 myoepithelioma B-cell lymphoma嗜酸细胞瘤 oncocytoma 基底储备细胞理论 basal reserve cell迷走涎腺 aberrant salivary glands 嗜酸性腺瘤 oxyphilic adenoma theory免疫球蛋白 A immunoglobulin A 透明细胞癌 clear cell carcinoma 基底鳞状的旋涡状 basisquamous 免疫细胞化学 immunocytochemistry 透明细胞瘤 clear cell tumorwhorling免疫组织化学 immunohistochemistry 未分化癌 undifferentiated carcimma 基底细胞腺瘤 basal cell adenoma 囊腺癌 cystadenocarcinoma 细胞角蛋白 cytokeratin 急性化脓性腮腺炎 acute pyogenic 囊腺瘤 cystadenoma 纤维连接蛋白 fibronectin paratitis内翻性乳头状瘤 inverted ductal涎石病 sialolithiasis急性涎腺炎 acute sialadenitis papilloma涎腺病毒病 salivary gland virus 挤压假象 crush artifact 皮脂淋巴腺癌 sebaceous disease甲状腺球蛋白 thyroglobulin lymphadenocarcinoma涎腺导管癌 salivary duct carcinoma 浆液细胞腺癌 serous cell carcinoma 皮脂淋巴腺瘤 sebaceous lymphadenoma 涎腺导管结石 salivary duct stone 结外边缘带 B 细胞淋巴瘤 extranodal 皮脂腺瘤 sebaceous adenoma 涎腺导管囊肿 salivary duct cyst marginal zone B-cell lymphoma 前淋巴瘤 prelymphoma 涎腺发育不全 aplasia of salivary 静止骨腔 static bony cavity桥本甲状腺炎 Hashimoto'sglanddepression巨细胞包涵体病 cytomegalic thyroiditi s涎腺发育异常 development anomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病 actinomycosis of salivary glands涎腺结核 tuberculosis of salivarygland涎腺囊肿 salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大 degenerativeswelling of salivary gland涎腺先天性缺失 congenital absenceof salivary gland涎腺炎 sialadenitis涎腺异位 hetrotopic of saIivarygland涎腺症 sialadenosis腺癌 adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤 adenolymphoma; Warthin 瘤腺鳞癌 adenosquamous carcinoma 腺泡细胞癌 acinic cell carcinoma 腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma 小管 - 腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌 small cell carcinoma小叶状癌 lobular carcinoma血管瘤 haemangioma血型物质 blood group substances 粘液表皮样癌 mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生 adenomatoid hyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体 lectin receptors 终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma 转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原 tissuce peptide antigen ，TPA鼻唇囊肿 nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿 nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿 nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿 residual cyst成人龈囊肿 gingival cyst of adults 发育性根侧囊肿 lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿 radicular cyst含牙囊肿 dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿 teratoid cyst 即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn 结节甲状舌管囊肿 thyroglossal tractcyst假性囊肿 pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿 cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿 oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿 follicular cyst锚纤维 anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿 eruption cyst皮样囊肿 dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发 epidermoid切牙管囊肿 incisive canal cyst切牙窝 incisive fossa 球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst 鳃裂囊肿 branchialcleft cyst 上皮斑 epithelial plaque 舌下囊肿ranula透明小体 Rushton body 外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿 mandibular infectedbuccal cyst下颌正中囊肿 median mandibular cyst 涎腺牙源性囊肿 sialo-odontogenic cystcyst新生儿牙板囊肿 dental lamina cyst of thenewborn牙旁囊肿 paradental cyst 牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producingodontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿 odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿 odontogenic cyst炎症性根侧囊肿 inflammatorycollateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿 heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst of infants釉突 enamel spur粘液囊肿 mucocele 痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征 naevoid basal cellcarcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿 mucous retentioncyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤 mural ameloblastoma 标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤 classic intraosseousameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤 cementoblastoma 成牙组织 dental formative tissue 成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma 成釉细胞肉瘤 ameloblasticsarcoma 成釉细胞纤维瘤 ameloblasticfibroma 成釉细胞纤维肉瘤 ameloblaticfibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤 ameloblasticfibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤 ameloblastic第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿腺牙源性囊肿 glandular odontogenicfibrodentinsarcomafibrous histocytoma,MFH多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤 / 未分化高级别多 形性肉瘤 (pleomorphic malignant成釉细胞纤维 - 牙肉瘤 ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma丛状型 plexiform pattern 丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤 plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma 促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤 desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤 unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤 malignant ameloblastoma 反折线 reversal line 非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生 non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症 osseous dysplasias 混合性牙瘤 complex odontoma 基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤 basal cell ameloblastoma 棘皮瘤型 acanthomatous type 畸形 malformation极性倒置 reversed polarity 角化成釉细胞瘤 keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型 granular cell type 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤 benign cementoblastoma 滤泡型 follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构 rosette-like structure 明显的玻璃样变 marked hyalinization 前成釉细胞 preameloblast 乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤 papilliferous keratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌 dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤 dentinogenic ghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织 cementoid 牙瘤 odontoma牙源性癌 odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性癌肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性钙化囊肿 calcifying odontogenic cyst ,COC 牙源性钙化囊性瘤 calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg 瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤 keratocystic odontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor 牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant changeodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性透明细胞癌 clear cell odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性透明细胞瘤 clear cell odontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤 odontogenic fibroma 牙源性腺样瘤 adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤 odontogenic gingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌 odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤 odontogenic ghost cell tumor牙源性粘液瘤 odontogenic myxoma 牙源性肿瘤 odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤 classic ameloblastoma 影上皮细胞 ghost epithelial cell 原发性骨内癌 primary intraosseous carcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌 primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤 myxoma粘液纤维瘤 myxofibroma 真性牙骨质瘤 true cementoma 中心性巨细胞病变(肉芽肿) central giant cell lesion ( granuloma ) 周边型 peripheral ameloblastoma 周边性牙源性纤维瘤 peripheral odontogenicfibroma转移性(恶性)成釉细胞瘤 metastasizing ( malignant ) ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤 compound odontoma第十九章 口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤 和瘤样病变边缘不规则 border irregularity 不对称 asymmetry 车轮状 - 多形性 storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤 adult fibrosarcoma 成釉细胞癌 ameloblastic carcinoma 丛状血管瘤 tufted angioma 又称进展 性毛细血管瘤 (progressive capillaryhemangioma)、 Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤 ( angioblastoma ofNakagawa)动静脉性血管瘤 arteriovenous hemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症 polymorphic histocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤 malignant melanoma 恶性淋巴瘤 malignant lymphoma 恶性雀斑样痣 lentigo melanoma 恶性肉芽肿 malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤 malignant。

口腔专业相关英语词汇alveolar bone 牙槽骨carcinoma of maxillary sinus 上颌窦癌carcinoma of tongue 舌癌cellulitis of the floor of the mouth 口底蜂窝织炎cementum 牙骨质dental arch 牙弓dental crown 牙冠dental defect 牙体缺损dental necrosis 牙坏死dental sac 牙囊dentin 牙本质enamel 牙釉质endodontics 牙体牙髓病学extraction 拔牙术fascial space infection 间隙感染fluoride 氟化物fracture of maxillary 上颌骨骨折gum, gingiva 牙龈herpetic stomatitis 疱疹性口炎infraorbital space 眶下间隙jaw 颌骨leukoplakia 白斑lichen planus 扁平苔藓local anesthesia 局麻mucous cyst 粘液囊肿odontoclasis 牙折ora candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral pathology 口腔病理学oral surgery 口腔外科orthodontics 正畸学osteomyelitis of the jaws 颌骨骨髓炎pediatric dentistry 口腔儿科学periodontal ligament 牙周韧带periodontal membrane 牙周膜periodontics 牙周病学prosthodontics 修复学pterygomandibular space 翼颌间隙public-health dentistry 口腔预防医学pulp 牙髓pulp exposure 牙髓暴露pulpectomy 牙骨摘除术pulpitis 牙髓炎pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎radiation osteomyelitis 放射性骨髓炎radicular syst 根端囊肿recurrent aphthae 复发性口疮root canal therapy 根管治疗root of tooth 牙根sublingual gland syst 舌下腺囊肿sublingual space 舌下间隙submasseteric space 嚼肌间隙submaxillary space 颌下间隙tartar 牙石temporomandibular joint 颞颌关节thrush 鹅口疮tooth decay 龋齿tooth replantation 牙再植术torsion of teeth 牙扭转alveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿ameloblastoma 造釉细胞瘤apical infection 根尖感染apical syst 根尖囊肿branchial cleft cyst 肋裂囊肿carcinoma of buccal mucosa 颊粘膜癌carcinoma of gingiva 牙龈癌carcinoma of lip 唇癌caries 龋齿circumvallate papillae 轮廓乳头crown fracture 冠折deciduous teeth 乳牙dental impaction 牙阻生dental plaque 菌斑dental root fracture 根折denticulus,denticle 髓石dentoalveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿drug-induced gingivitis 药物性龈炎epulis 龈瘤filiform papillae 丝状乳头fistula apicalis 根尖瘘管foliate papillae 叶状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头gingival abscess 牙龈脓肿gingivitis 牙龈炎gingivitis in leukemia 白血病龈炎injury of teeth 牙损伤juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎luxated tooth 牙脱位lymphoepithelial lesions 淋巴上皮病missing tooth 牙脱失mixed dentition 混合牙列mixed tumor of salivary gland 涎腺混合瘤mumps 流行性腮腺炎nevi 色素痣occlusion 咬合palate 腭paradontoma 牙周膜瘤parageusia 味觉异常paraglossa 舌肿paraglossia 舌下炎paralalia 出语障碍，构音倒错parotitis 腮腺炎periapical abscess 根尖脓肿periapical disease 根尖周病pericoronitis 冠周炎periodontitis 牙周炎permanent teeth 恒牙pulp horn 髓角root resorption 牙根吸收sebaceous cyst 皮脂囊肿sialolithiasis 涎石病sublinguitis 舌下腺炎teeth 牙齿thyroglossal tract cyst 甲状舌管囊肿tongue 舌tooth migration 牙移动tooth replacement 牙复位toothache 牙痛wedge-shaped erosion 楔状缺损dental caries n. 龋white spot lesion 白恶班损害facet-area n. 面，面区dental floss 牙线brown spot lesion棕褐色的，褐色班损害remineralization 再矿化interproximal a. 邻面perikymata n 釉面横纹discoloration n. 变色fissure caries 沟裂，沟裂龋focus n. 病灶groove-fossa system 窝沟系统cavity preparation 制备，洞型制备，预备outline form 外形，洞缘形resistance form 抗力形retention form 固位形convenience form 便利形varnishing n. 上洞漆conditioning 指修复前的一些准备工作cavosurface angle 洞缘角air syringe 喷枪、注射机，气枪cling 附着microleakage 微漏amalgam n. 汞合金faciolingual a. 面舌的，颊舌的resin fissure sealant树脂窝沟封闭剂marginal ridge a. 边缘嵴mesiodistally adv. 近远中向地etchant n. 刻蚀剂slot restoration 开槽性修复round bur 钻针，球钻handpiece n. 牙科用手机r eversible pulpitis 可复性牙髓炎analgesic n. 止痛药sequela n. 后遗症irreversible pulpitis 不可复性牙髓炎broach 髓针pulpotomy n. 牙髓切断术formocresol n. 甲醛甲酚ubperiosteal adj. 骨膜下的intraseptal adj. 间隔内的interligamentary adj. 韧带内的exudates 渗出物，渗出液radiolucency 射线透射性rationale n 基本原理，理论基础sepsis n. 脓毒症apicoectomy n. 根尖切断术file n. 锉reamer n. 扩大针obturation 封闭gutta percha 牙胶root perforation根管穿孔curettage n. 刮除术root resection 根尖切除术hemisection n. 半切术chief complaint 主诉electric pulp test 牙髓电活力测试neuralgia n. 神经痛hydrodynamic theory 流体动力学说thermal test 温度诊percussion n. 叩诊palpation n. 扪诊periosteum n. 骨膜purulent adj. 化脓的Periodontium 牙周组织supragingival plaque 龈上菌斑stipple 点彩periodontal pocket 牙周袋supraybony 骨上的infrabony 骨下的bleeding on probing 探诊出血juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎mucogingival junction 膜龈联合gingival sulcus 龈沟1）give rise to 导致，造成2）.penetrate into 插入3）confuse with 把与混淆gingivitis 牙龈炎acute gingivitis 急性牙龈炎subacute gingivitis 亚急性牙龈炎recurrent gingivitis 复发性龈炎chronic gingivitis 慢性牙龈炎localized gingivitis 局限性牙龈炎generalized ginginvitis 广泛性牙龈炎marginal gingivitis 边缘性龈炎papillary gingivitis 龈乳头炎diffuse gingivitis 弥散性牙龈炎gingival bleeding 牙龈出血acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死溃疡性龈炎herpetic gingivostomatitis 疱疹性龈口炎pigmentation 色素沉着edematous 水肿的recession 退缩supragingival scaling 龈上洁治术subgingival scaling 龈下洁治术root planing 根面平整sickle 镰形器curette 匙形器hoe 锄形器chisel 凿modified pen grasp 改良握笔式finger rest 支点overlapping 叠瓦式的Disease terms: aphthae(口疮，小溃疡), crohn’s disease(克罗恩病，局限性肠炎), herpangina(疱疹性咽峡炎), Behcet’s disease( 白塞氏病)，herpes simplex virus(单纯疱疹病毒)，sialometaplasia（涎腺化生），fixed drug eruption（固定性药疹），cold sore（感冒疮），lymphadenopathy（淋巴结病），dermatoses（皮肤病），canker sore 口腔溃疡，papule（丘疹）。

口腔专业相关英语词汇alveolar bone 牙槽骨carcinoma of maxillary sinus 上颌窦癌carcinoma of tongue 舌癌cellulitis of the floor of the mouth 口底蜂窝织炎cementum 牙骨质dental arch 牙弓dental crown 牙冠dental defect 牙体缺损dental necrosis 牙坏死dental sac 牙囊dentin 牙本质enamel 牙釉质endodontics 牙体牙髓病学extraction 拔牙术fascial space infection 间隙感染fluoride 氟化物fracture of maxillary 上颌骨骨折gum, gingiva 牙龈herpetic stomatitis 疱疹性口炎infraorbital space 眶下间隙jaw 颌骨leukoplakia 白斑lichen planus 扁平苔藓local anesthesia 局麻mucous cyst 粘液囊肿odontoclasis 牙折ora candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral pathology 口腔病理学oral surgery 口腔外科orthodontics 正畸学osteomyelitis of the jaws 颌骨骨髓炎pediatric dentistry 口腔儿科学periodontal ligament 牙周韧带periodontal membrane 牙周膜periodontics 牙周病学prosthodontics 修复学pterygomandibular space 翼颌间隙public-health dentistry 口腔预防医学pulp 牙髓pulp exposure 牙髓暴露pulpectomy 牙骨摘除术pulpitis 牙髓炎pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎radiation osteomyelitis 放射性骨髓炎radicular syst 根端囊肿recurrent aphthae 复发性口疮root canal therapy 根管治疗root of tooth 牙根sublingual gland syst 舌下腺囊肿sublingual space 舌下间隙submasseteric space 嚼肌间隙submaxillary space 颌下间隙tartar 牙石temporomandibular joint 颞颌关节thrush 鹅口疮tooth decay 龋齿tooth replantation 牙再植术torsion of teeth 牙扭转alveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿ameloblastoma 造釉细胞瘤apical infection 根尖感染apical syst 根尖囊肿branchial cleft cyst 肋裂囊肿carcinoma of buccal mucosa 颊粘膜癌carcinoma of gingiva 牙龈癌carcinoma of lip 唇癌caries 龋齿circumvallate papillae 轮廓乳头crown fracture 冠折deciduous teeth 乳牙dental impaction 牙阻生dental plaque 菌斑dental root fracture 根折denticulus,denticle 髓石dentoalveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿drug-induced gingivitis 药物性龈炎epulis 龈瘤filiform papillae 丝状乳头fistula apicalis 根尖瘘管foliate papillae 叶状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头gingival abscess 牙龈脓肿gingivitis 牙龈炎gingivitis in leukemia 白血病龈炎injury of teeth 牙损伤juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎luxated tooth 牙脱位lymphoepithelial lesions 淋巴上皮病missing tooth 牙脱失mixed dentition 混合牙列mixed tumor of salivary gland 涎腺混合瘤mumps 流行性腮腺炎nevi 色素痣occlusion 咬合palate 腭paradontoma 牙周膜瘤parageusia 味觉异常paraglossa 舌肿paraglossia 舌下炎paralalia 出语障碍，构音倒错parotitis 腮腺炎periapical abscess 根尖脓肿periapical disease 根尖周病pericoronitis 冠周炎periodontitis 牙周炎permanent teeth 恒牙pulp horn 髓角root resorption 牙根吸收sebaceous cyst 皮脂囊肿sialolithiasis 涎石病sublinguitis 舌下腺炎teeth 牙齿thyroglossal tract cyst 甲状舌管囊肿tongue 舌tooth migration 牙移动tooth replacement 牙复位toothache 牙痛wedge-shaped erosion 楔状缺损dental caries n. 龋white spot lesion 白恶班损害facet-area n. 面，面区dental floss 牙线brown spot lesion棕褐色的，褐色班损害remineralization 再矿化interproximal a. 邻面perikymata n 釉面横纹discoloration n. 变色fissure caries 沟裂，沟裂龋focus n. 病灶groove-fossa system 窝沟系统cavity preparation 制备，洞型制备，预备outline form 外形，洞缘形resistance form 抗力形retention form 固位形convenience form 便利形varnishing n. 上洞漆conditioning 指修复前的一些准备工作cavosurface angle 洞缘角air syringe 喷枪、注射机，气枪cling 附着microleakage 微漏amalgam n. 汞合金faciolingual a. 面舌的，颊舌的resin fissure sealant树脂窝沟封闭剂marginal ridge a. 边缘嵴mesiodistally adv. 近远中向地etchant n. 刻蚀剂slot restoration 开槽性修复round bur 钻针，球钻handpiece n. 牙科用手机r eversible pulpitis 可复性牙髓炎analgesic n. 止痛药sequela n. 后遗症irreversible pulpitis 不可复性牙髓炎broach 髓针pulpotomy n. 牙髓切断术formocresol n. 甲醛甲酚ubperiosteal adj. 骨膜下的intraseptal adj. 间隔内的interligamentary adj. 韧带内的exudates 渗出物，渗出液radiolucency 射线透射性rationale n 基本原理，理论基础sepsis n. 脓毒症apicoectomy n. 根尖切断术file n. 锉reamer n. 扩大针obturation 封闭gutta percha 牙胶root perforation根管穿孔curettage n. 刮除术root resection 根尖切除术hemisection n. 半切术chief complaint 主诉electric pulp test 牙髓电活力测试neuralgia n. 神经痛hydrodynamic theory 流体动力学说thermal test 温度诊percussion n. 叩诊palpation n. 扪诊periosteum n. 骨膜purulent adj. 化脓的Periodontium 牙周组织supragingival plaque 龈上菌斑stipple 点彩periodontal pocket 牙周袋supraybony 骨上的infrabony 骨下的bleeding on probing 探诊出血juvenile periodontitis 青少年牙周炎mucogingival junction 膜龈联合gingival sulcus 龈沟1）give rise to 导致，造成2）.penetrate into 插入3）confuse with 把与混淆gingivitis 牙龈炎acute gingivitis 急性牙龈炎subacute gingivitis 亚急性牙龈炎recurrent gingivitis 复发性龈炎chronic gingivitis 慢性牙龈炎localized gingivitis 局限性牙龈炎generalized ginginvitis 广泛性牙龈炎marginal gingivitis 边缘性龈炎papillary gingivitis 龈乳头炎diffuse gingivitis 弥散性牙龈炎gingival bleeding 牙龈出血acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死溃疡性龈炎herpetic gingivostomatitis 疱疹性龈口炎pigmentation 色素沉着edematous 水肿的recession 退缩supragingival scaling 龈上洁治术subgingival scaling 龈下洁治术root planing 根面平整sickle 镰形器curette 匙形器hoe 锄形器chisel 凿modified pen grasp 改良握笔式finger rest 支点overlapping 叠瓦式的Disease terms: aphthae(口疮，小溃疡), crohn’s disease(克罗恩病，局限性肠炎), herpangina(疱疹性咽峡炎), Behcet’s disease( 白塞氏病)，herpes simplex virus(单纯疱疹病毒)，sialometaplasia（涎腺化生），fixed drug eruption（固定性药疹），cold sore（感冒疮），lymphadenopathy（淋巴结病），dermatoses（皮肤病），canker sore 口腔溃疡，papule（丘疹）。

口腔专业英语Newly compiled on November 23, 2020UNIT-1dental plaque 牙菌斑血链球菌轻链球菌变形链球菌aerobic 好氧的，氧气的；依靠氧气的anaerobic 没有空气而能生活得，厌氧的1.In contrast to mucosal surface,the surface of teeth are not constantly renewed by sheddingof colonized epithelial cells.较之粘膜，牙面不能稳定地通过上皮脱落而更新。

2. Selective manner in which bacteria attach to the tooth surface is thought to reflect the factthat bacteria on their surface contain a recognition system which enables components on the bacteria surface (adhesions) to blind to complementary molecules (receptors) in the pellicle.细菌附着与牙面的选择性方式反映了这一事实，即细菌表面具有识别系统，该系统能使细菌表面的附着器与获得性膜中的互补手提分子结合。

UNIT-2ecology 生态学；个体生态学ecosystem 生态系统（学）mutanism 突变的血链球菌变形链球菌1.Colonization is a complex process, as it involves not only interaction between bacteria andtheir environment but aslo bacterial interactions.定植是一个复杂的过程，它不仅包括细菌和环境间的相互作用，也包括细菌之间的相互作用。

口腔科英语专业词汇翻译牵引钩hook铅毒性口炎lead stomatitis前导anterior guidance前弓anterior arch前弓区anterior arch area前磨牙premolars, bicuspid teeth ; 又称“双尖牙”。

X线头影测量机cephalometric X-ray machineX线头影测量片cephalometric roentgenogram[成釉器]星网状层stellate reticulum, enamel pulp; 又称“釉髓”。

[成釉器]中间层stratum intermedium[家族性]巨颌症cherubism[牙]根管root canal[牙]根尖孔apical foramen[牙]龈瘤epulis咬合occlusion; 下颌静止位时，上下牙的接触关系。

咬合叉bite fork, face-bow fork咬合叉固定夹bite fork clamp咬合垂直距离occlusal vertical dimension咬合堤occlusal rim咬合垫occlusal pad咬合干扰occlusal interference咬合夹板occlusal splint咬合架articulator咬合间记录interocclusal record咬合力occlusal force, biting force咬合力计occlusometer咬合面occlusal surface咬合面窝occlusal fossa咬合磨损occlusal wear咬合平衡occlusal equilibration咬合平面occlusal plane咬合平面导板occlusal guide plate咬合平面规occlusal plane guide咬合托bite plate咬合紊乱occlusion disorder咬合型occlusal pattern咬合学occlusion咬合翼片bite wing film咬合缘occlusal margin咬合支托occlusal rest咬合重建occlusal reconstruction咬合片occlusal filmⅠ类错咬合class ⅠmalocclusionⅠ型卡环type Ⅰclasp, pull type clasp, Aker clasp; 又称“拉型卡环”、“阿克卡环”。

第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process 腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct 界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccalpouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatineprocess前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionicplacode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acidsyndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous protein NSPs釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamalepithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primaryepithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiarydentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, thezone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reactiondentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20 matrix metalloproteinases 20，MMP20 继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostaticpotential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour lineof Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobulardentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer ofnerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说directinnervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serineproteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpaldentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparentdentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes'granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processespit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymalcell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fibercementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin 限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentinsialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementumgrowth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementumadhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance ofdoughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum,CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratifiedcementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinaljunction（EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primarydentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group 固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crestgroup牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingivalgroup牙骨膜组dentoperiostealgroup牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingivaljunction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-richprotein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-richprotein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelialcell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctionalcomplex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus 全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivaryduct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcifiedcartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrousarticular surface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type I白兰地型brandywineisolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacialhyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia;supernumerary teeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluoride enamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcifiedtype过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus of anterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regional odontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石waterstreaming round bouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracyclinestained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranial dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenitalsyphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1 dentinmatrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentinsialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta typeII牙变色discoloration ofteeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamelopacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamelhypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamelextension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth 延迟萌出retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion 蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory坏死崩解层zone ofdestruction获得性薄膜acquiredpellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surfacecaries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primaryfactors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone ofdemineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone ofbacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversiblepulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolar degeneration of theodontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurative pulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis 慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration 牙髓充血pulp hyperemia 牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticularatrophy of the pulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external toothresorption转化生长因子transfergrowth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapicalgranuloma根尖周炎periapicalperiodontitis急性根尖周炎acuteperiapical periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolarabscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronicperiapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronicperiapical periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonicalveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensingosteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumornecrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingivalenlargement associated withleukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitiswith leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated withendodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginalgingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion of gingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory 奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis 福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizingperiodontal diseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroidhormone-influenced gingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerativegingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acutenecrotizing gingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondaryocclusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cellgingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronicperiodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentationfactor,ODF前列腺素E2prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎pubertalgingivitis人类白细胞抗原humanleucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancygingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T.maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase 唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis 牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease 牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Capno gingivalis牙龈乳头炎papillarygingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontaldegeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of theperiodontium牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditarygingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicularfluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'Scleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenileatrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomycesviscosus，Av战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumornecrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors ofmetalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP 程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex 地图舌geographic tongue 淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiforme exsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrentaphthous stomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrentaphthous ulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitis mucosa necroticarecurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculation and liquefaction ofhasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersederythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenouserythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclearantibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granularerythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oralKaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oralnon-Hodgkin lymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairyleukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oralcandidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oralsubmucous fibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen Planus Pemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratory glossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucous membrane pemphigoid 硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupus erythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome 糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins 丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areata exfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitisgranulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelialdysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilicdegeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticulardegeneration韦格肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign lymphoadenosis ofmucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermaldendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt'slymphoma不确定细胞indeterminatecell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eatenappearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagicbone cyst穿凿性吸收tunnelingresorption or dissectingresorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic bibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system 动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiple chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignant osteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cellrich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitary bonecyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitisossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifyingfibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumorof bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periostealosteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiostealbone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraostealosteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseousosteosarcoma骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrousdysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellousosteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosisof jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis ofjaws颌骨结核tuberculosis ofjaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cellgranuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitarymyeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism 家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma 浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bonecavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giantosteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant celllesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giantcell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhanscell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cellhistiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans celldisease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhansgiant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwedisease良性成骨细胞瘤benignoseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitating dendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞folliculardendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré's chronic nonsuppurativesclerosing ostitis Garre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic osteomyelitis withproliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic focal sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic diffuse sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic sclerosing osteomyelitisof jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglassappearance生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive ossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifying fibroma日光放射状(影像) sun-ray 肉芽肿性炎症granulomatous inflammation 软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma 软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoid fobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell 嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullary plasmacyfoma 髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewing sarcoma 图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumaticbone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseouslesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifying fibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primary hyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compactosteoma致密性骨炎condensingostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreralchondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giant cell granuloma转化亢进high-turnoverstate棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症XhistiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophyticlipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylarhyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoidgranuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoidarthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoidnodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibular joint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmented villonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive joint disease纤维素样变fibrinoid change 象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies 游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma ex pleomorphicadenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary glanddisease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellularreserve cell theory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma withlymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies ofducts导管乳头状瘤intraductalpapilloma导管乳头状瘤ductalpapilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinarunit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotidgland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellular reservecell theory多细胞理论multicellulartheory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-gradeadenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphicadenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignantpleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair 非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma 非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome 管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP 汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizingsialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiencysyndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkinlymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basalreserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal celladenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acutepyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acutesialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cellcarcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-celllymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalicinclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complexSABC良性淋巴上皮病变benignlymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelialcarcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cellcarcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemicparotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronicrecurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronicsialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner 瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma 囊腺瘤cystadenoma翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductal papilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto'sthyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidin biotin-peroxidasecomplex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenomapapilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelialmembrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren'ssyndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilicadenoma透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary glandvirus disease涎腺导管癌salivary ductcarcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary ductstone涎腺导管囊肿salivary ductcyst涎腺发育不全aplasia ofsalivary gland涎腺发育异常developmentanomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivary glands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst 涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling of salivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence of salivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cellcarcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood groupsubstances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoid hyerplasia ofmucous glands植物血凝素受体lectinreceptors终末导管癌teminal ductcarcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphicadenoma组织多肽抗原tissucepeptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatineduct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolarcyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst ofadults发育性根侧囊肿lateralperiodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossaltract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿orallymphoepithelial cyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst 上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccal cyst 下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogeniccyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinalcyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst ofinfants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinomasyndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucousretention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤muralameloblastoma标准或经典型骨成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseousameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formativetissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblasticsarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblasticfibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicysticameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤。

口腔医学技术英语口腔医学领域有很多专业术语和技术术语，这些术语通常是英文词汇。

以下是一些口腔医学技术相关的英语术语：1.Dental Assistant (DA) - 牙科助手2.Dental Hygienist - 牙科卫生师3.Oral Examination - 口腔检查4.Cavity - 蛀牙5.Braces - 牙套6.Denture - 假牙7.Orthodontics - 正畸学8.Endodontics - 牙髓病学9.Prosthodontics - 假牙修复学10.X-ray - X光11.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎12.Crown - 牙冠13.Root Canal Therapy - 根管治疗14.Periodontal Disease - 牙周病15.Oral Surgery - 口腔外科16.Anesthetic - 麻醉药17.Impression - 印模18.Tooth Extraction - 拔牙19.Dental X-ray Technician - 牙科X光技术员20.Cephalometric Analysis - 头颅分析21.Dental Prophylaxis - 牙科预防治疗22.Malocclusion - 错颌23.Intraoral Camera - 口内摄像头24.Amalgam Filling - 牙银充填25.Dental Implant - 牙植入术26.Dental caries - 牙齿龋齿27.Periodontal disease - 牙周疾病28.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎29.Orthodontics - 正畸学30.Dental implant - 牙齿种植31.Endodontics - 牙髓治疗学32.Prosthodontics - 修复性牙科学33.Root canal therapy - 牙根管治疗34.Dental abscess - 牙周脓肿35.Fluoride treatment - 氟化物治疗36.Bruxism - 牙齿磨损37.Halitosis - 口臭38.Crown - 牙冠39.Dentures - 假牙40.Local anesthesia - 局部麻醉41.Oral surgery - 口腔外科42.X-ray examination - X射线检查43.Dental plaque - 牙菌斑44.Tooth extraction - 拔牙手术45.Teeth whitening - 牙齿美白46.Dental Crown - 牙冠47.Dental Bridge - 牙桥48.Dental Implant - 牙种植入49.Root Canal Therapy - 牙髓治疗50.Teeth Whitening - 美白牙齿51.Orthodontics - 正畸学52.Dental Extraction - 牙齿拔除53.Periodontal Disease - 牙周病54.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎55.Oral Surgery - 口腔外科手术56.Cavity Filling - 蛀牙充填57.Denture - 假牙58.Endodontics - 牙髓病学59.Bruxism - 牙磨擦60.Fluoride Treatment - 氟化治疗61.Mouthguard - 护齿器62.Oral Prophylaxis - 口腔预防保健63.Dental X-Ray - 牙科X射线64.Gum Graft - 牙龈移植65.Oral Cancer Screening - 口腔癌筛查这些词汇涵盖了口腔医学技术中的一些基本术语，但口腔医学是一个广泛且不断发展的领域，因此还有更多的专业术语和技术细节需要学习。

口腔医学专业英语导言口腔医学是医学领域的一个重要分支，致力于研究和治疗口腔和颌面部的疾病。

与其他医学领域一样，口腔医学也有其专属的英语术语和专业用语。

掌握口腔医学专业英语对于从事相关研究或实践工作的人来说是至关重要的。

本文将介绍口腔医学领域中常见的英语单词和短语，以便读者更好地理解和运用口腔医学专业英语。

口腔解剖学1.Oral cavity - 口腔2.Palate - 腭3.Oropharynx - 口咽部4.Salivary glands - 唾液腺5.Teeth - 牙齿6.Tongue - 舌头7.Periodontium - 牙周组织8.Maxilla - 上颌骨9.Mandible - 下颌骨10.Temporomandibular joint - 颞下颌关节口腔病理学1.Dental caries - 龋齿2.Periodontal disease - 牙周疾病3.Oral cancer - 口腔癌4.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎5.Halitosis - 口臭6.Toothache - 牙疼7.Oral thrush - 口腔念珠菌病8.Dental abscess - 牙周脓肿9.Temporomandibular joint disorder - 颞下颌关节紊乱10.Cleft lip and palate - 唇腭裂口腔医学检查及诊断1.Oral examination - 口腔检查2.Radiograph - X光片3.Dental impression - 牙印4.Biopsy - 活检5.Oral hygiene - 口腔卫生6.Dental plaque - 牙菌斑7.Dental pulp - 牙髓8.Dental crown - 牙冠9.Dental filling - 牙齿修复10.Orthodontic braces - 正畸矫正器口腔医学治疗1.Dental extraction - 牙齿拔除2.Root canal treatment - 根管治疗3.Dental implant - 牙种植体4.Dental prosthesis - 牙齿修复体5.Dental bridge - 牙桥6.Scaling and root planing - 洗牙和根面光整7.Tooth whitening - 牙齿美白8.Dental anesthesia - 牙科麻醉9.Oral surgery - 口腔手术10.Orthodontic treatment - 正畸治疗结论口腔医学专业英语是口腔医学从业者必备的语言工具。

口腔黏膜病学专业英语词汇abnormalitiesoftaste味觉异常acanthosisnigricans黑棘皮病acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome,AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合症，艾滋病acromegaly肢端肥大症actiniccheilitis光化性唇炎acyclovir,ACV阿昔洛韦Addisondisease艾迪生病adherensjunctions黏着连接agranulocytosis粒细胞缺乏症allergiccheilitis变态反应性唇炎allergiccontactedstomatitis变态反应性接触性口炎allergic medicamentosusstomatitis药物变态反应性口炎allergicreaction变态反应amyloidosislingual舌淀粉样变angioneuroticedema血管神经性水肿angularcheilitis口角炎antigen抗原，变应原aphthae阿弗他aplasticanemia再生障碍性贫血atrophicglossitis萎缩性舌炎atrophy 萎缩Bbalanitiscircnata漩涡状龟头炎BednarulcerBednar溃疡Behcet’sdisease,BD白塞病benignhyperkeratosis良性角化病benign mucousmembranepemphigoid良性黏膜类天疱疮bismuthpoisoning铋中毒bulla大疱bullouspemphigoid大疱性类天疱疮burningmouthsyndrome，BMS灼口综合症burns灼伤CCandidaalbicans白色念珠菌candidalangularcheilitis念珠菌口角炎candidalcheilitis念珠菌性唇炎candidalstomatitis念珠菌性口炎cerebriformtongue脑回舌chancre硬下疳cheilitisglandularis腺性唇炎cheilitisgranulomatosaMiescher米舍尔肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitisof benignlympholasis良性淋巴增生性唇炎cheilitisplasmacellularis浆细胞性唇炎cheilitis唇炎chronicadrenocorticalhypofunction慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症chronic cheilitis慢性唇炎chronicmuco-dermacandidosis,CMC慢性黏膜皮肤念珠菌病chronic mucocutanouscandidosis,CMCC慢性黏膜皮肤念珠菌病cicatricalpemphigoid瘢痕性类天疱疮clofazimine氯法齐明clumping(念珠菌)聚集coccigenicstomatitis球菌性口炎colloidbody胶样小体condylomaacuminatum,CA尖锐湿疣congenitalsyphilis先天性梅毒(胎传梅毒)contactcheilitis接触性唇炎cornifiedenvelope角化细胞膜套cretinism呆小病,克汀病crust痂Crohn’sdisease克罗恩病Cushingsyndroms库欣综合症cytophagocyticmacrophage,CPM胞质吞噬细胞DDarier’sdisease达利尔病debubitalulcer褥疮性溃疡desmocollins桥粒芯黏蛋白desmogleins桥粒芯蛋白desmoplakins桥粒斑蛋白desmosomalcadherins桥粒钙黏素diabetesmellitus糖尿病diphtheria白喉discoidlupuserythematosus,DLE盘状红斑狼疮diseasesoftheoral mucosa口腔黏膜病学dissociatedtastedisorder分离性味觉失调dyskeratosiscongenita先天性角化不良病Eendothelin,ET内皮素eosinophilicgranuloma,EG嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophiliculcerofthe oralmucosa,EUOM口腔黏膜嗜酸性溃疡epidermolysisbullosa大疱性表皮松懈症erosion糜烂erythemamultiforme多形性红斑erythroplasiaofQueyrat增殖性红斑erythroplasticlesion红色增殖性病变extracorporealphotopheresis,ECP 体外光化学疗法Ffactitialulcer自伤性溃疡familialwhitefoldedhyperplasisofmucousmembrane家族性白色皱襞黏膜增生fissuredtongue沟纹舌fixeddrugeruption固定性药疹fluconazole氟康唑fordycedisease迷脂症fordyce’sspots迷脂腺症Ggangrene坏疽gangrenousstomatitis坏疽性口炎genitalwart生殖器疣geographicglossitis地图舌glossdynia舌痛症gonococcalpharyngitis淋菌性咽炎gonococcalstomatitis淋菌性口炎gonococcalurethritis淋菌性尿道炎gonorrhea淋病graftversushostdisease移植物抗宿主病granularerythroplakia颗粒型红斑granulocytopenia粒细胞减少症granulomatosacheilitis肉芽肿性唇炎gumma树胶肿Hhairytongue或coatedtongue毛舌hand-foot-mouthdisease,HFMD手- 足-口病Hand-Schuller-Christiansyndrome,HSC汉-许-克病hemophilia血友病hereditarybenignintraepithelialdyskeratosis遗传性良性上皮内角化病herpessimplexvirus,HSV单纯疱疹病毒herpeszoster带状疱疹herpetiformulcer,HU疱疹样阿弗他溃疡homogenouserythroplakia均质性红斑humanimmunodeficiencyvirus,HIV人类免疫缺陷病毒human papillomavirus,HPV人乳头瘤病毒hutchinsonteeth哈钦森牙hypercortisolism皮质醇增多症hypersensitivity超敏反应hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进症hypoparathyrodism甲状旁腺功能减退症hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退症Iimmunologictolerance免疫耐受invasivefungalinfection深部真菌病interfacedermatitis界面皮炎interferon,IFN干扰素Interspersederythroplakia间杂型红斑intravenousimmunoglobulin, IVIG静脉免疫球蛋白疗法irondeficiencyanemia缺铁性贫血itraconazole伊曲康唑KKawasakidisease川崎病keratinocytes,KC上皮角朊细胞keratodermiablennorrhagica脓溢性皮肤角化病keratosisfollicularis毛囊角化病ketoconazole酮康唑Llaminin-5层黏连蛋白5leadpoisoning铅中毒Letterer-Siwedisease,LS莱特勒-西韦病leukemia白血病leukoedema白色水肿leukokeratosisnicotinapalate烟碱性(尼古丁性)白色角化病leukokeratosis口腔白色角化病lichenplanuspemphigoides,LPP类天疱疮样扁平苔癣lichenplanus,LP 扁平苔癣lickenoidreaction苔藓样反应lineaalbabuccalis颊白线linearigabullousdermatitis,LABD线状IgA大疱性皮肤病lingual papillitis舌乳头炎lingualtonsil舌扁桃体localizedorifacialgranulomatosis局限性口面部肉芽肿病lupusband 狼疮带lupusvulgaris寻常狼疮Lyellsyndrome莱氏综合症Mmacule斑majoraphthousulcer,MjAU重型阿弗他溃疡malignantmelanoma恶性黑色素瘤measles或rubeola麻疹medianthomboidglossitis正中菱形舌炎megaloblasticanemia巨幼红细胞性贫血melanoplakia黏膜黑斑Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome梅-罗综合症mercurypoisoning汞中毒miconazole咪康唑migratoryglossitis游走性舌炎minocycline米诺环素，二甲胺四环素minoraphthousulcer,MiAU轻型阿弗他溃疡moniliasis念珠菌病MonosymptomaticformofMelkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome梅-罗综合症的单症状型mucocutaneouslymphnodesyndrome,MCLS皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合症mucosalhomatoma黏膜血疱mulberrymolars桑椹牙mycostatin制霉菌素Nnecrosis坏死neisseriagonorrheae奈瑟淋球菌nicotinicaciddefeciency烟酸缺乏症nicotinicstomatitis烟碱性(尼古丁性)口炎nodularsyphilid结节性梅毒疹nodule结节noma走马牙疳Ooccularpemphigus眼天疱疮oralcandidosis口腔念珠菌oralerythroplakia口腔红斑病oralleukoplakia口腔白斑病orallichenplanus,OLP口腔扁平苔癣oralmucosa口腔黏膜oralmucosaldiseases口腔黏膜病oralsubmucousfibrosis,OSF口腔黏膜下纤维性变orthokeratosis正角化Ppapule丘疹parageusia或dysgeusia继发性味觉倒错parakeratosis不全角化paraneoplasticpemphigus,PNP副肿瘤性天疱疮patch斑片pellagra糙皮病pemphiguserythematous红斑型天疱疮pemphigusfoliaceus落叶型天疱疮pemphigusvegetans增殖型天疱疮pemphigusvulgaris寻常型天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮perleche口角糜烂peutz-jegherssyndrome普杰病phosphoruspoisoning磷中毒pigmentationpolyposissyndrome色素沉着息肉综合症pigmentednevus色素痣pituitarydwarfism垂体性侏儒症plakinsfamily桥粒黏附斑蛋白家族plakoglobin桥粒斑珠蛋白plasmacellgranuloma浆细胞肉芽肿plasmacytosiscircumorificialis 口部浆细胞症plasmapheresis血浆置换疗法plectin网蛋白Plummer-Vinsonsyndrome柏-文综合症polyestoticfibrousdysplasia多发性骨性纤维发育异常primaryherpeticstomatitis原发性疱疹性口炎primarysyphilis一期梅毒proviralDNA前病毒DNApseudomembrane假膜psoralen补骨脂素pustule脓疱pyogenicgranuloma化脓性肉芽肿QQuincke’sedema奎英克水肿RRamsay-HuntsyndromeRamsay-Hunt综合征radiationoralmucositis放射口腔性黏膜炎radiationstomatitis放射性口炎recurrentaphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousulcer,RAU复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrentherpeticstomatitis复发性疱疹性口炎recurrentoralulceration,ROU复发性口腔溃疡Reiter’s cell赖特尔细胞Reiter’ssyndrome,RS赖特尔综合症retroviridae慢病毒rhagades皲裂ribavirin三氮唑核苷rugaetongue皱褶舌Ssarcoidosis结节病scarletfever猩红热schaumann’sbodies舒曼体scrotaltongue阴囊舌scurvy坏血病secondarysyphilis二期梅毒sj?grensyndrome干燥综合症或舍格伦综合症softleukoplakia软性白斑Steven-Johnsonsyndrome斯-约综合症submucousfibrosis黏膜下纤维化subtypeoforofacialgranulomatosis口面部肉芽肿病的亚型syphilis梅毒systemiclupuserythematosus,SLE系统性红斑狼疮Tterfenadine特非那定，克敏能tertiaryorlatesyphilis三期梅毒(晚期梅毒)thrombocytopenic purpura血小板减少性紫癜thrush鹅口疮，雪口病traumaticeosinophicgranuloma,TEG创伤性嗜酸细胞肉芽肿traumaticmucosalhomatoma创伤性血疱traumaticulceration创伤性溃疡treponemapallidum苍白密螺旋体WORD格式Uulcer溃疡urticariagiant巨型荨麻疹Vvesicle疱virazole病毒唑vitaminBdeficiency维生素B缺乏症22vitaminCdeficiency维生素C 缺乏症vitiligo白癜风WWegene’r sgranulomatosis韦格纳肉芽肿病whitefoldeddisease白皱褶病whitespongenevus白色海绵状斑痣Wickhamstraie威肯姆线专业资料整理。

口腔医学专业英语口腔医学专业英语口腔医学作为一门重要的临床医学专业，其英语表达方式和术语也是十分丰富和独特的。

下面将从口腔医学专业所涉及的基础学科、临床学科、技术设备等方面，来介绍一些口腔医学专业英语。

一、基础学科1.牙齿名称英文中，人类的幼牙、恒牙分别为deciduous teeth、permanent teeth，其中还有以下的牙齿名称：central incisor 中切牙lateral incisor 侧切牙canine（cuspids）犬牙premolar bicuspids 前臼齿molar 颊齿2. 牙齿组成牙齿由牙冠和牙根组成，它们的英文分别是：crown 牙冠/牙冠部分root 牙根/牙根部分enamel 釉质dentin 牙本质pulp 髓质cementum 牙骨质3. 牙周病与牙周病相关的英文术语包括：gingivitis 牙龈炎periodontitis 牙周炎plaque 牙斑tartar 牙石scaling 洁牙二、临床学科1. 口腔外科口腔外科是口腔医学学科的一部分，涉及口腔疾病的手术治疗。

其相关英文术语包括：flap 掀瓣extraction 拔牙implant 种植maxillary 上颌的mandibular 下颌的2. 正畸学正畸学是口腔医学领域中解决牙齿、面部和颌骨的畸形和功能障碍的学科。

其相关英文术语包括：braces 牙套orthodontic wire 牙合板retainer 保持器clear aligners 透明矫正器3. 口腔医学影像口腔医学影像技术主要为口腔医师提供丰富的诊断信息。

其相关英文术语包括：digital radiography 数字化放射线技术panoramic X-ray 全景X光cone beam computed tomography 锥形束计算机断层扫描dental impression 牙印三、技术设备1. 智能牙刷智能牙刷在口腔保健方面逐渐成为一种趋势。

第一章 口腔颌面部发育　鼻凹　nasal pit　鼻板　nasal placode 鼻腭管　naso-palatal canal 鼻鳍　nasal fin 侧腭突　lateral palatal process ，也称继发腭（second palate ），腭突（palatine shelf ）　第一鳃弓软骨　Meckel's cartilage　额鼻突　frontonasal process 腭裂　cleft palate 分叉舌 bifid tongue ，也称舌裂（cleft tongue ，split tongue ）　颌裂　cleft jaw 继发腭　secondary palate 颊咽膜　orapharyngeal membrane 甲状舌管　thyroglossal duct 界沟　sulcus terminalis 颈窦　cervical sinus 口凹　oral pit 口咽膜　orapharyngeal membrane 拉特克囊　Rathke's pouch ，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch ），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch ）　联合　merge 联合突　copula 面裂　facial cleft 模式发育　patterning 奇结节　tuberculum impar 前腭突　median palatine process 前脑单脑室畸形　Holoprosencephaly 切牙管 incisive canal 球状突　globular process 融合　fuse 鳃弓　branchial arch 鳃沟　branchial groove 上颌突　maxillary process 舌盲孔　foramen cecum 神经嵴　neural crest 神经节原基　ganglionic placode 施万细胞 Schwann 细胞 为神经鞘膜细胞　外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称　维甲酸综合征　retinoic acid syndrome （RAS ），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常　下颌软骨　Meckel's cartilage 嗅板　olfactory placode　嗅窝　nasal pit　咽囊 pharyngeal pouch 也称鳃囊　原发腭 primary palate　原口　stomadeum　中鼻突　medial nasal process　主动脉的　conotruncal 第二章 牙的发育　氨基葡萄糖　glycosaminoglycans　成牙本质细胞　odontoblast　成釉蛋白 ameloblastin　成釉器　enamel organ　成釉细胞　ameloblast　分泌型成牙本质细胞　secretoryodontoblast 赫特威上皮根鞘　Hertwing epithelial root sheath 基质小泡　matrix vesicle 颈环　cervical loop 静止型成牙本质细胞　restingodontoblast　蕾状期　bud stage 连接复合体　junctional complex 马拉瑟上皮剩余　Malassez epithelial rest 帽状期　cap stage 萌出　eruption 非胶原蛋白 non-collagenous protein NSPs 内釉上皮层　inner enamal epithelium 前成牙本质细胞　preodontoblast 前期牙本质　predentin 缩余釉上皮　reduced dental epithelium 托姆斯突　Tomes processe 脱落 shedding 交替　外釉上皮层　outer enamal epithelium 星网状层　stellate reticulum 牙板　dental lamina 牙囊　dental sac 牙乳头　dental papilla 引导管　gubernacular canal 釉丛蛋白　tuftelin 釉结　enamel knot 釉龛　enamel niche 釉索　enamel cord 釉质形成　amelogenesis 原发性上皮带　primary epithelial band 罩牙本质　mantle dentin 中间层　stratum intermedium 终棒　terminal web 钟状期　bell stage 第三章 牙体组织　玻璃粘连蛋白　vitronectin ，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白　成纤维细胞　fibroblast 成牙本质细胞　odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起　odontoblastic process ，也称"Tomes' fiber"　成牙本质细胞突周间隙　periodontoblastic space　成釉蛋白　ameloblastin　穿通纤维　perforating fiber 蛋白酶　proteinases 第三期牙本质　tertiary dentin 多细胞层　cell-rich zone 乏细胞层　cell-free zone, the zone of Weil ，Weil 层　反应性牙本质　reaction dentin 反转线　reversal line 非釉原蛋白　non-amelogenins 缝隙连接　gap junction 骨钙素　osteocalcin 骨连接素　osteonectin 骨桥蛋白　osteopontin 骨样牙本质　osteodentin 固有牙髓　pulp proper 管间牙本质　intratubular dentin 管周牙本质　peritubular dentin 核心蛋白聚糖　decorin 横纹　cross striations 基质金属蛋白酶20　matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20　继发性牙本质　secondary dentin ，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质　腱蛋白　tenascin 绞釉　gnarled enamel 紧密连接　tight junction 科尔夫纤维　Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维　类牙骨质　cementoid 流体动力学说　hydrodynamic theory 磨损　abrasion, attrition 纳米球　nanospheres 耐龋潜能　cariostatic potential 脑啡肽　enkephalin 诺伊曼鞘　Neumann sheath 欧文线　Owen line （加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"　前期牙本质　predentin 桥粒　desmosome 球间牙本质　interglobular dentin 芮氏线　lines of Retzius ，釉质生长线　沙比纤维　Sharpey's fiber ，穿通纤维　神经壁层　parietal layer of nerves ，Raschkow 丛　神经传导学说　direct innervation theory 生长激素抑制素　somatostatin 生长线　incremental lines ，同芮氏线　施雷格线　Schreger line 树突状细胞　dendritic cells 双糖链蛋白聚糖　biglycan 丝氨酸蛋白酶　serine proteinases （kallikrein-4）　死区　dead tract　髓核　pulp core 髓周牙本质　circumpulpal dentin 糖胺聚糖　glycosaminoglycans 透明层　hyaline layer 透明牙本质　sclerotic dentin 透明牙本质　transparent dentin 托姆斯颗粒层　Tomes' granular layer 托姆斯突凹　Tomes processes pit ，TPP 微孔　micropore 未分化间充质细胞　undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell 无细胞固有纤维牙骨质　acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC 无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质　acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC 无细胞无纤维牙骨质　acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC 无细胞牙骨质　acellular cementum 无釉柱牙釉质　rodless enamel 细胞牙骨质　cellular cementum 纤维粘连蛋白　fibronectin 限制板　lamina limitans 楔状缺损　wedge shaped defect 新生线　neonatal line 修复性牙本质　reparative dentin　牙本质　dentin 牙本质磷蛋白　dentin phosphophoryn ；dentin phosphoproteins ，DPP　牙本质生长线　von Ebner 1ine 牙本质涎蛋白　dentin sialoprotein ，DSP 牙本质涎磷蛋白　dentin sialophosphoproteins 牙本质小管　dentinal tubule 牙本质牙骨质界　dentino-cemental junction 牙骨质　cementum 牙骨质生长因子　cementum growth factor 牙骨质粘附蛋白　cementum adhesion protein　牙面平行线　perikymata ，也称釉面横纹　牙髓　dental pulp 牙髓牙本质复合体　pulpo-dentinal complex 牙釉质　enamel 牙釉质溶解蛋白　enamelysin 牙釉质牙本质界　enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ ）　牙釉质牙骨质界　enamelo-cemental junction 油炸圈样　appearance of doughnut 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质　cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质　cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC　釉板　enamel lamellae　釉丛　enamel tufts　釉丛蛋白　tuftelin　釉蛋白　enamelin　釉帽　enamel cap　釉面横纹　perikymata ，也称牙面平行线　釉梭　enamel spindle　釉小皮　enamel cuticle　釉牙本质界　enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ ）　釉原蛋白　amelogenins　釉柱　enamel rod　釉柱鞘　enamel rod sheath　原发性牙本质　primary dentin ，牙发育时期形成的牙本质　原胶原　tropocollagen　灶性孔　focal hole, FH　罩牙本质　mantle dentin　中间连接　intermediate junction　中间牙骨质　intermediate cementum　重塑　remodeling　转导学说　transduction theory　组织细胞　histiocyte第四章 牙周组织　不成熟的弹力纤维　oxytalan fibers　弹力纤维　elastin fibers　点彩　stippling　凋亡　apoptosis　附着龈　attached gingiva　根尖组　apical group　根间组　interradicular group　固有牙槽骨　alveolar bone proper　环行组　circular group 结合上皮　junctional epithelium　束骨　bundle bone 水平组　horizontal group 斜行组　oblique group 牙槽骨　alveolar bone 牙槽嵴组　alveolar crest group 牙槽突　alveolar process 牙槽龈组　alveologingival group 牙骨膜组　dentoperiosteal group 牙间乳头　interdental papilla 牙龈　gingiva 牙龈结合　dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮　gingval epithelium 第六章 涎腺　半月板　demilune 胞吐　exocytosis 杯状细胞　goblet cell 储备细胞　reserve cell 锇酸　osmic acid 分泌单位　secretory unit 分泌管　secretory duct 富脯氨酸蛋白　proline-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白　tyrosine-rich protein 干细胞　stem cell　高血糖素样蛋白　glucogon-like protein 颌下腺　submandibular gland 混合性腺泡　mixed acinus 肌动蛋白　actin　肌球蛋白　myosin　肌上皮细胞　myoepithelial cell　肌微丝　myofilament　浆液性腺泡　serous acinus　浆粘液细胞　seromucous cell　晶样体　crystalloid　局浆分泌　merocrine　抗蛋白溶解蛋白　antiproteolytic protein　篮细胞　basket cell　连接复合体　junctional complex　酶原颗粒　zymogen granule　排泄管　excretory duct　粘多糖　mucin　粘液性腺泡　mucous acinus　全浆分泌　holocrine-type secretion　乳铁蛋白　lactoferrin　闰管　intercalated duct　腮腺　parotid gland　腮腺导管　Stensen duct　腮腺素　parotin　舌下腺　sublingual gland　舍格伦综合征　Sj?gren syndrome　肾素　rennin　嗜酸粒细胞瘤　oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞　oncocyte　嗜酸性腺瘤　oxiphilic adenoma　唾液　saliva　唾液腺　salivary gland　味觉素　gustin　纹管　striated duct　涎液素　ptyatin　腺泡　acinus　小涎腺　minor salivary gland　原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞　primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells 致密小体　dense body 组氨酸　histidine 第七章　颞下颌关节　多细胞带　cellularrich zone　钙化软骨带　zone of calcified cartilage 关节囊　capsule 关节盘　disc　滑膜　synovial membrane 髁突　condyle　颞下颌关节　temporo-mandibular join ，TMJ　纤维软骨带　fibrocartilaginous zone 纤维性关节表面带　fibrous articular surface 第八章 牙发育异常　II 型牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良　I 型牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia type I　白兰地型　brandywine isolate ，牙本质形成缺陷的一种　斑釉　mottled enamel　半面过度增生　hemifacial hyperplasia 成熟不全型　hypomatuaration type 低磷酸酯酶症　hypophosphatasia 多生牙　hyperdontia; supernumerary teeth　非氟性牙釉质浑浊症　non-fluoride enamel opacities　氟牙症　dental fluorosis 附加牙　supplemental teeth 副磨牙　paramolar　钙化不全型　hypocalcified type 过早脱落　premature loss　畸形舌侧尖　lingual cusp deformity 畸形舌侧窝　lingual fossa deformity 畸形中央尖　central cusp deformity 结合牙　concrescence 巨牙　macrodontia 壳状牙　shell-teeth　矿化不全型　hypomineralized type 牛牙症　taurodontism　前牙的牙外突　dens evaginatus of anterior teeth　区域性牙发育不良　regional odontodysplasia ，阴影牙　融合牙　fusion　乳牙滞留　persistence of deciduous teeth 桑椹牙　mulberry molar　少汗外胚层发育不良　hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 少牙　hypodontia 双生牙　gemination　水流围绕圆石　water streaming round bouldings ，根部牙本质结构不良的表现　四环素牙　tetracycline stained teeth 锁骨颅骨发育不全征　cleidocranial dysplasia ；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良　胎生牙　natal teeth ，出生时即已萌出的牙　特纳牙　Turner's teeth ，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全　弯曲牙　dilacerations 无牙　adontia 先天性梅毒牙　congenital syphilis　小牙　microdontia　新生牙　noenatal teeth ，出生后30天内萌出的牙　形成不全型　hypoplastic type　雪帽型　snow-capped　牙本质基质蛋白1　dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1　牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia 牙本质涎蛋白　dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II 型　dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 牙变色　discoloration of teeth 牙骨质发育不全　hypocementosis 牙骨质过度增生　hypercementosis 牙内陷　dens invaginatus 牙釉质混浊症　enamel opacities 牙釉质矿化不全　hypomineralized enamel 牙釉质形成不全　enamel hypoplasia 牙釉质形成缺陷症　amelogenesis imperfecta 牙釉质延伸　cervical enamel extension 牙中牙　dens in dente 牙阻生　impaction of teeth 延迟萌出　retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质　hereditary opalescent dentin 阴影牙　ghost teeth ，区域性牙发育不良　鹰爪尖　talon cusp 釉珠　enamel pearl 远中磨牙　distomolar 早萌　premature eruption 正中牙　mesiodens第九章 龋病　暗层　dark zone 变形链球菌　mutans streptococci; S. mutans 表层　surface zone 病损体部　body of the lesion 蛋白溶解－螯合学说　proteolysis-chelation theory 蛋白溶解学说　proteolytic theory 发酵乳杆菌　L. fermentus 放线菌属　actinomyces 干酪乳杆菌　L. casei 根龋　root caries 化学寄生学说　chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说　chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层　zone of destruction 获得性薄膜　acquired pellicle ，唾液薄膜　急性龋　acute caries 静止性龋　arrested caries 菌斑　bacterial plaque 慢性龋　chronic caries 猛性龋　rampant caries 内氏放线菌　A. naeslundii 平滑面龋　smooth surface caries　轻链球菌　S. mitis　龋病　dental caries 乳杆菌属　Lactobacilli　三联因素学说　three primary factorstheory 嗜酸乳杆菌　L. acidophilus 酸原学说　acidogenic theory 透明层　translucent zone ，硬化层　脱矿层　zone of demineralization 唾液薄膜　salivary pellicle ，获得性薄膜　窝沟龋　pit and fissure caries　细菌侵入层　zone of bacterial invasion 血链球菌　S. sanguis　牙本质龋　dentin caries　牙骨质龋　cementum caries　牙釉质龋　enamel caries　远缘链球菌　S. sobrinus　粘性放线菌　A. viscosus第十章 牙 髓 病　白三烯　leukotrienes ，LTs　白细胞介素　interleukin　不可逆性牙髓炎　irreversible pulpitis 　残髓炎　residual pulpitis　成牙本质细胞层空泡变性　vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer　急性化脓性牙髓炎　acute supurativepulpitis　急性浆液性牙髓炎　acute serous pulpitis 急性牙髓炎　acute pulpitis　可复性牙髓炎　reversible pulpitis　慢性闭锁性牙髓炎　chronic closedpulpitis　慢性溃疡型牙髓炎　chronic ulcerativepulpitis　慢性牙髓炎　chronic pulpitis　慢性增生性牙髓炎　chronic hyperplasticpulpitis 逆行性牙髓炎　retrograde pulpitis 前列腺素　prostaglandins ，PGs　特发性吸收　idiopathic resorption　牙内吸收　internal tooth resorption　牙髓变性　pulp degeneration　牙髓充血　pulp hyperemia　牙髓钙化　pulp calcification　牙髓坏疽　pulp gangrene　牙髓坏死　pulp necrosis　牙髓渐进性坏死　necrobiosis　牙髓网状萎缩　reticular atrophy of thepulp　牙髓纤维性变　pulp fibrosis　牙髓炎　pulpitis　牙体吸收　tooth resorption　牙外吸收　external tooth resorption　转化生长因子　transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章 根 尖 周 炎　蜂窝织炎　cellulitis　根尖肉芽肿　periapical granuloma　根尖周炎　periapical periodontitis 急性根尖周炎　acute periapicalperiodontitis 急性牙槽脓肿　acute alveolar abscess 磷脂壁酸　lipoteichoic acids 慢性根尖脓肿　chronic periapical abscess 慢性根尖周炎　chronic periapical periodontitis 慢性牙槽脓肿　chonic alveolar abscess 肽葡聚糖　peplidoglyans 致密性骨炎　condensing osteoitis 肿瘤坏死因子　tumor necrosis factor ，TNF 第十二章 牙周组织病　白细胞介素　interleuk ins,IL 白血病性龈增大　gingival enlargement associated with leukemia 伴白血病性龈炎　gingivitis with leukemia 伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎　periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions 边缘性龈炎　marginal gingivitis 变性　degeneration 病损确立期　established lesion 剥脱性龈病损　desquamative lesion of gingival 创伤　trauma 创伤性咬合　traumatic occlusion 蛋白酶　proteinases 发育性或获得性异常及其状况　developmental or acquired deformities and conditions 反应全身疾病的牙周炎　periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases 放线共生放线杆菌　Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans ，Aa 非菌斑性牙龈病损　non-plaque-induced gingival lesions 非炎症性　noninflammatory 奋森龈炎　Vincent gingivitis 福赛类杆菌　Bcteroides forsythus ，Bf 共聚　coaggregation 骨内袋　intrabony pocket 骨上袋　supragingival pocket 护骨因子　osteoprotegerin,OPG 坏死性牙周病　necrotizing periodontal diseases 基质金属蛋白酶　matrix metalloprotinases ，MMP 激素性龈炎　steroid hormone-influenced gingivitis 急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎　acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死性龈炎　acute necrotizing gingivitis 继发性咬合创伤　secondary occlusal trauma　家族性龈纤维瘤病　congenital familialfibromatosis　浆细胞龈炎　plasma cell gingivitis　胶原酶　collagenase　金属蛋白酶　metalloproteinases　进展期　advanced lesion　聚集　aggregation　菌毛　fimbriae　老年性萎缩　senile atrophy　硫酸软骨素酶　chondrosulphatase　慢性牙周炎　chronic periodontitis　慢性龈炎　chronic gingivitis　密螺旋体属　Treponema　破骨细胞分化因子　osteoclast differentation factor,ODF　前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2　侵袭性牙周炎　aggressive periodontitis 青春期龈炎　pubertal gingivitis　人类白细胞抗原　human leucocyte antigen,HLA　妊娠期龈炎　pregnancy gingivitis　始发期　initial stage　嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体　T. maltophilum　梭螺菌龈炎　fusospirochetal gingivitis　特发性浆细胞龈口炎　idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis　特发性龈增生　idiopathic gingival hyperplasia　透明质酸酶　hyaluronidase　唾液粘蛋白　mucin　维生素C缺乏性龈炎　vitamin C deficeint gingivitis　萎缩　atrophy　细胞因子　cytokine　细胞粘附分子　cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM　细菌性生物膜　dental pla que biofilm　先天性家族性纤维瘤病　congenital familial fibromatosis　牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩　diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone　牙菌斑性牙龈病　dental plaque-induced gingival disease　牙龈病　gingival diseases　牙龈卟啉单胞菌　Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g　牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌　Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎　papillary gingivitis　牙龈退缩　gingival recession　牙周变性　periodontal degeneration　牙周病　periodontal disease　牙周脓肿　abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎　periodontitis　牙周症　periodontosis　炎症　inflammation　咬合创伤　occlusal trauma　药物性龈炎　medication-influenced gingivitis　遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病　hereditary gingival fibromatosis　遗传性龈增生　hereditary gingival hyperplasia　龈袋　gingival pocket　龈沟液　gingival crevicular fluid,GCF　龈裂　gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft　龈增生　gingival hyperplasia　营养不良　dystrophy　营养不良性　dystrophic　早老性萎缩　presenile atrophy　早期病变　early lesion　粘附　adhesion　粘性放线菌　Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎　trench mouth　脂多糖　lipopolysaccharedes，LPS　中间密螺旋体　T.medium　中性多形核白细胞　polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN　肿瘤　neoplasia　肿瘤坏死因子-α　tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α　组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂　tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病　艾滋病　AIDS　白斑　leukoplakia　白塞综合征　Behcet syndrome　白色海绵状斑痣　white sponge nevus　白色念珠状菌　candida albicans　白色水肿　leukoedema　白皱折病　white folded disease　斑　macule　扁平苔藓　lichen planus,LP　程序化细胞死亡　programmed cell death　大疱　bulla　单纯性疱疹　herpes simplex　地图舌　geographic tongue　淀粉样变性　amyloidosis　多形渗出性红斑　erythema multiformeexsudativum　非典型性　atypia　非霍奇金淋巴瘤　non-Hodgkin lymphoma　复发性阿弗他口炎　recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS　复发性阿弗他溃疡　recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU　复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎　periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR　过度不全角化　hyperparakeratosis　过度角化　hyperkeratosis　过度正角化　hyperorthokeratosis　海绵形成　spongiosis　红斑　erythroplakia　红色增殖性病变　erythroplastic lesion　获得性免疫缺陷综合征　acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病　基底细胞空泡性变及液化　vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell　棘层松解　acantholysis　棘层增生　acanthosis　痂　crusts　假膜　pseudomembrane，伪膜　间杂型红斑　interspersed erythroplakia　胶样小体　colloid body，Civatte小体　角化不良　dyskeratosis　结节病　sarcoidosis　均质型红斑　homogenous erythroplakia　皲裂　rhagade　抗核抗体　antinuclear antibody，ANA　颗粒型红斑　granular erythroplakia　口腔Kaposi肉瘤　oral Kaposi sarcoma　口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤　oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma　口腔毛状白斑　oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL　口腔念珠菌病　oral candidiasis　口腔粘膜下纤维化　oral submucousfibrosis　溃疡　ulcer　类天疱疮样扁平苔藓　lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP　良性游走性舌炎　benign migratoryglossitis　良性粘膜类天疱疮　benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid　硫黄素T　thioflavine T　慢性盘状红斑狼疮　chronic discoid lupuserythematosus　梅一罗综合征　Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome　糜烂　erosion　念珠菌病　candidiasis　疱　vesicle　疱疹性口炎　herpetic stomatitis　气球变性　ballooning degeneration　桥粒芯胶粘蛋白　desmocollins　桥粒芯糖蛋白　desmogleins　丘疹　papule　区域剥脱性舌炎　glossitis areataexfoliativa　人免疫缺陷病毒　humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV　肉芽肿性唇炎　cheilitis granulomatosa　上皮萎缩　epithelial atrophy　上皮异常增生　epithelial dysplasia　舌乳头炎　lingual papillitis　嗜碱性变性　basophilic degeneration　噬黑色素细胞　melanophages　天疱疮　pemphigus　天疱疮细胞　Tzanck cell　网状变性　reticular degeneration　韦格内肉芽肿　Wegener granulomatosis　萎缩　atrophy　细胞凋亡　cell apoptosis　腺性唇炎　cheilitis glandularis　肖曼小体　Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体　眼、口、生殖器三联综合征　oculo-oral-genital syndrome　增殖性红斑　erythroplasia　粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病　benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa　周缘扩展现象　Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病　板层骨　lamellar bone　表皮树突状细胞　dermal dendrocyte　伯基特淋巴瘤　Burkitt's lymphoma　不确定细胞　indeterminate cell　成软骨细胞瘤　chondroblastoma　虫蚀状　moth-eaten appearance　出血性骨囊肿　hemorrhagic bone cyst　穿凿性吸收　tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption　穿凿样　punched-out appearance　单纯性骨囊肿　simple bone cyst　单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症　monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良　单核基质细胞　mononucleate stromal cell 单核巨噬细胞系统　mononuclear phagocyte system　动脉瘤性骨囊肿　aneurysmal bone cyst 多发性骨髓瘤　multiple myeloma　多发性软骨瘤病　multiple chondromatosis　多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症　polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良　恶性成骨细胞瘤　malignant osteoblastoma　腭隆突　torus palatinus　放射性骨坏死　osteoradionecrosis　非钙化骨样组织　unmineralized osteoid 富巨细胞性病变　giant cell rich lesion　钙化骨　mineralized bone　孤立性骨囊肿　solitary bone cyst　骨化性骨膜炎　periostitis ossificans　骨化性纤维瘤　ossifying fibroma　骨巨细胞瘤　giant cell tumor of bone，GCT　骨壳　involucrum　骨瘤　osteoma　骨膜骨肉瘤　periosteal osteosarcoma　骨膜下骨吸收　subperiosteal bone resorption　骨旁骨肉瘤　paraosteal osteosarcoma　骨肉瘤　osteosarcoma　骨软骨瘤　osteochondroma　骨软骨性外生骨疣　osteocartilaginous exostosis　骨髓瘤　myeloma　骨外骨肉瘤　extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤　extraosseous chondrosarcoma　骨纤维结构不良　fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症　骨小梁周围纤维化　peritrabecular fibrosis　骨样骨瘤　osteoid osteoma　海绵型骨瘤　cancellous osteoma　汉-许-克病　Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease　颌骨放线菌病　actinomycosis of jaws　颌骨骨髓炎　osteomyelitis of jaws　颌骨结核　tuberculosis of jaws　颌骨巨细胞病变　giant cell granuloma　颌骨梅毒　syphilis of jaws　弧立性骨髓瘤　solitary myeloma　化牙骨质纤维瘤　cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎　acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws　继发软骨　secondary cartilage　继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进　secondary hyperparathyroidism　家族性颌骨多囊性病　familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws　家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症　familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws　家族性巨颌症　cherubism　甲状旁腺功能亢进　Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿　pseudocyst　间叶型软骨肉瘤　mesenchymalchondrosarcoma　浆细胞瘤　plasmacytoma　结核性颌骨骨髓炎　tuberculousosteomyelitis of jaws　静止性骨腔　static bone cavity　巨大型骨样骨瘤　giant osteoid osteoma　巨细胞肉芽肿　giant cell lesions of thejaws　巨细胞修复性肉芽肿　giant cellreparative granuloma　郎格汉斯细胞病　Langerhans celldisease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）　郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症　Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）　朗汉斯巨细胞　Langhans giant cell　勒-雪病　Letterer-Siwe disease　良性成骨细胞瘤　benign oseoblastoma　淋巴结的交错突细胞　interdigitatingdendritic cell　硫磺颗粒　sulfur granule　滤泡树枝状细胞　follicular dendritic cell　慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎　Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre　慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎　chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis　慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　磨砂玻璃样　groundglass appearance　内生型软骨瘤　enchondroma　破骨细胞瘤　osteoclastoma　侵袭性成骨细胞瘤　aggressiveosteoblastoma　侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤　aggressiveossifying fibroma　青少年骨化性纤维瘤　juvenile ossifyingfibroma　日光放射状(影像)　sun-ray　肉芽肿性炎症　granulomatousinflammation　软骨瘤　chondroma　软骨颅　chondrocranium　软骨肉瘤　chondrosarcoma　软骨粘液样纤维瘤　chondromyxoidfobroma　上皮样细胞　epithelioid cell　嗜酸性肉芽肿　eosinophilic granuloma　树突状细胞系统　dendritic cell system　死骨　sequestrum　髓外浆细胞瘤　extramedullaryplasmacyfoma　髓外性尤文肉瘤　extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma　图顿巨细胞　Touton giant cell　外伤性骨囊肿　traumatic bone cyst　外生骨疣　exostosis　下颌隆突　torus mandibularis　纤维-骨病变　fibro-osseous lesion　新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎　neonatal maxillitis　牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤　cemento-ossifyingfibroma　洋葱皮　onion-skin　硬骨板　lamina dura　原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进　primaryhyperparathyroidism　致密型骨瘤　compact osteoma　致密性骨炎　condensing ostitis　中心型　central type　周围型　peripheral type　周围型软骨瘤　peripreral chondroma　周围性巨细胞肉芽肿　peripheral giantcell granuloma　转化亢进　high-turnover state　棕色瘤　brown tumor　组织细胞增生症X　histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病　（染色体）三体　trisomy　垂直裂　vertical cleft　错颌　malocclusion　骨剥露　denudation　骨关节病　osteoarthrosis　骨关节炎　osteoarthritis,OA　骨赘性唇状突出　osteophytic lipping　滑膜软骨瘤病　synovialosteochondromatosis　髁突增生　condylar hyperplasia　类风湿肉芽肿　rheumatoid granuloma　类风湿性关节炎　rheumatoid arthritis，RA　类风湿性小结　rheumatoid nodule　颞下颌关节紊乱病　temporomandibularjoint disorders　切线裂　tangential cleft　绒毛状突起　villous projection　色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎　pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis　退行性关节病　degeneratitive jointdisease　纤维素样变　fibrinoid change　象牙化　eburnation （骨质）　血管翳　pannus　蚓状小体　vermiform bodies　游离小体　loose body　原纤维化　fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤　PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色　癌胚抗原　carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA　癌在多形性腺瘤中　carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma　艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病　HIV-associated salivary gland disease　暗细胞　dark cells　奥辛兰　Alcian blue　半多能双储备细胞理论　semipluripotential bicellular reserve cell theory　伴淋巴间质的未分化癌　undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma　变性型涎腺肿大症　degenerative sialosis 波形丝蛋白　vimnentin　成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma　大细胞癌large cell carcinoma　导管发育异常　developmental anomalies of ducts　导管内乳头状瘤　intraductal papilloma 导管乳头状瘤　ductal papilloma　导管腺泡单位　ductoacinar unit　淀粉酶　amylase　顶浆分泌　apocrine　多动脉周围炎　polyarteritis　多发性肌炎　polymyositis　多囊腮腺　polycystic parotid gland　多能单储备细胞理论　pluripotential unicellular reserve cell theory　多细胞理论　multicellular theory　多形性低度恶性腺癌　polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma　多形性腺瘤　pleomorphic adenoma　恶性多形性腺瘤　malignant pleomorphic adenoma　恶性淋巴上皮病变　malignant lymphoepithelial lesion　发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入　evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression　放射线损伤　radiant impair　非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma　非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified　非特异性腺癌　adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS　分泌组份　secretory component　副涎腺　accessory salivary gland　干燥综合征　sicca syndrome　管状腺瘤　canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma　过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶　peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP　汗腺瘤　syringoma　合胞体　syncytium　坏死性涎腺化生　necrotizing sialometaplasia　混合瘤　mixed tumor　获得性免疫缺陷综合征　acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS　霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma　肌上皮瘤　myoepithelioma　基底储备细胞理论　basal reserve cell theory　基底鳞状的旋涡状　basisquamous whorling　基底细胞腺瘤　basal cell adenoma　急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis　急性涎腺炎　acute sialadenitis　挤压假象　crush artifact　甲状腺球蛋白　thyroglobulin 浆液细胞腺癌　serous cell carcinoma　结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodalmarginal zone B-cell lymphoma　静止骨腔　static bony cavity　巨细胞包涵体病　cytomegalic inclusiondisease　口腔干燥症　xerostomia　链亲和素过氧化物酶　streptavidinperoxidase,S-P　链亲和素生物素复合物　streptavidin-biotin complex SABC　良性淋巴上皮病变　benignlymphoepithelial lesion　亮细胞　light cells　淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma　淋巴上皮囊肿　lymphoepithelial cyst　鳞状细胞癌　squamous cell carcinoma　流行性腮腺炎　epidemic parotitis;mumps　慢性复发性腮腺炎　chronic recurrentparotitis　慢性涎腺炎　chronic sialadenitis　慢性硬化性颌下腺炎　chronic sclerosingsialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤　弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma　迷走涎腺　aberrant salivary glands　免疫球蛋白A　immunoglobulin A　免疫细胞化学　immunocytochemistry　免疫组织化学　immunohistochemistry　囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma　囊腺瘤cystadenoma　内翻性乳头状瘤　inverted ductalpapilloma　皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma　皮脂淋巴腺瘤　sebaceous lymphadenoma　皮脂腺瘤　sebaceous adenoma　前淋巴瘤　prelymphoma　桥本甲状腺炎　Hashimoto's thyroiditis　亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体　avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC　人类免疫缺陷病毒　hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV　溶菌酶　lysozyme　乳铁蛋白　lactoferrin，LF　乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤　papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum　乳头状囊腺癌　papillarycystadenocarcinoma　乳头状囊腺瘤　papillary cystadenoma　乳头状涎腺瘤　sialadenoma papilliferum　上皮-肌上皮癌　epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma　上皮肌上皮岛　epi-myoepithelial island　上皮膜抗原　epithelial membraneantigen，EMA　舍格伦综合征　Sjögren's syndrome　施墨试验　Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验　嗜酸细胞瘤　oncocytoma　嗜酸性腺瘤　oxyphilic adenoma　透明细胞癌　clear cell carcinoma　透明细胞瘤　clear cell tumor　未分化癌　undifferentiated carcimma　细胞角蛋白　cytokeratin　纤维连接蛋白　fibronectin　涎石病　sialolithiasis　涎腺病毒病　salivary gland virus disease　涎腺导管癌　salivary duct carcinoma　涎腺导管结石　salivary duct stone　涎腺导管囊肿　salivary duct cyst　涎腺发育不全　aplasia of salivary gland　涎腺发育异常　development anomalies ofsalivary gland　涎腺放线菌病　actinomycosis of salivaryglands　涎腺结核　tuberculosis of salivary gland　涎腺囊肿　salivary gland cyst　涎腺退行性肿大　degenerative swellingof salivary gland　涎腺先天性缺失　congenital absence ofsalivary gland　涎腺炎　sialadenitis　涎腺异位　hetrotopic of saIivary gland　涎腺症　sialadenosis　腺癌　adenocarcinoma　腺淋巴瘤　adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤　腺鳞癌　adenosquamous carcinoma　腺泡细胞癌　acinic cell carcinoma　腺样囊性癌　adenoid cystic carcinoma　小管-腺泡复合体　tubelo-acinae-complexs　小细胞癌　small cell carcinoma　小叶状癌　lobular carcinoma　血管瘤haemangioma　血型物质　blood group substances　粘液表皮样癌　mucoepidermoidcarcinoma　粘液腺腺瘤样增生　adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands　植物血凝素受体　lectin receptors　终末导管癌　teminal duct carcinoma　转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma　组织多肽抗原　tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿　鼻唇囊肿　nasolabial cyst　鼻腭管囊肿　nasopalatine duct cyst　鼻牙槽囊肿　nasoalveolar cyst　残余囊肿　residual cyst　成人龈囊肿　gingival cyst of adults　发育性根侧囊肿　lateral periodontal cyst　根尖囊肿　radicular cyst　含牙囊肿　dentigerous cyst　畸胎样囊肿　teratoid cyst　即婴儿龈囊肿　Bohn结节　甲状舌管囊肿　thyroglossal tract cyst　假性囊肿　pseudocyst　颈部淋巴上皮囊肿　cervicallymphoepithelial cyst　口腔淋巴上皮囊肿　oral lymphoepithelialcyst　滤泡囊肿　follicular cyst　锚纤维　anchoring fibrils　萌出囊肿　eruption cyst　皮样囊肿　dermoid cyst　皮样样囊肿发　epidermoid　切牙管囊肿　incisive canal cyst　切牙窝　incisive fossa　球状上颌囊肿　globlo-maxillary cyst　鳃裂囊肿　branchial cleft cyst　上皮斑　epithelial plaque　舌下囊肿　ranula　透明小体　Rushton body　外渗性粘液囊肿　mucous extravasationcyst　下颌感染性颊囊肿　mandibular infectedbuccal cyst　下颌正中囊肿　median mandibular cyst　涎腺牙源性囊肿　sialo-odontogenic cyst　腺牙源性囊肿　glandular odontogeniccyst　新生儿牙板囊肿　dental lamina cyst ofthe newborn　牙旁囊肿　paradental cyst　牙源性产粘液囊肿　mucus producingodontogenic cyst　牙源性角化囊肿　odontogenic keratocyst 牙源性囊肿　odontogenic cyst　炎症性根侧囊肿　inflammatory collateral cyst　异位口腔胃肠囊肿　heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst　婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst of infants　釉突 enamel spur　粘液囊肿　mucocele　痣样基底细胞癌综合征 Gorlin 综合征 痣样基底细胞癌综合征 naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome　潴留性粘液囊肿 mucous retention cyst 第十八章 牙源性肿瘤　壁成釉细胞瘤 mural ameloblastoma　标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤　classicintraosseous ameloblastoma　成牙骨质细胞瘤　cementoblastoma　成牙组织 dental formative tissue　成釉细胞瘤 ameloblastoma　成釉细胞肉瘤 ameloblastic sarcoma　成釉细胞纤维瘤 ameloblastic fibroma　成釉细胞纤维肉瘤 ameloblaticfibrosarcoma　成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤　ameloblasticfibrodentinoma　成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤 ameloblasticfibrodentinsarcoma　成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤 ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma　丛状型　plexiform pattern　丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤　plexiformunicystic ameloblastoma　促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤　desmoplastic ameloblastoma　单囊性成釉细胞瘤　unicysticameloblastoma　恶性成釉细胞瘤　malignantameloblastoma 反折线　reversal line 非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生　non-neoplastic thickened follicle 骨异常增殖症 osseous dysplasias 混合性牙瘤　complex odontoma 基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤　basal cell ameloblastoma 棘皮瘤型　acanthomatous type 畸形　malformation 极性倒置　reversed polarity 角化成釉细胞瘤　keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型　granular cell type 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤　benign cementoblastoma 滤泡型　follicular pattern 玫瑰花样结构　rosette-like structure 明显的玻璃样变　marked hyalinization 前成釉细胞　preameloblast 乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤　papilliferous keratoameloblastoma 牙本质生成性影细胞癌　dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma 牙本质生成性影细胞瘤 dentinogenic ghost cell tumor　牙骨质样组织 cementoid 牙瘤 odontoma　牙源性癌 odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性癌肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性钙化囊肿 calcifying odontogenic cyst ,COC 牙源性钙化囊性瘤　calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor 牙源性钙化上皮瘤 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg 瘤　牙源性角化囊性瘤 keratocystic odontogenic tumour　牙源性颗粒细胞瘤　granular cell odontogenic tumor　牙源性鳞状细胞瘤　squamous odontogenic tumor 牙源性囊肿恶变　malignant change in odontogenic cysts 牙源性肉瘤　odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性透明细胞癌　clear cell odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性透明细胞瘤　clear cell odontogenic tumor 牙源性纤维瘤　odontogenic fibroma 牙源性腺样瘤　adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, AOT 牙源性龈上皮错构瘤　odontogenic gingival epithelial hamartoma 牙源性影细胞癌　odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma 牙源性影细胞瘤　odontogenic ghost cell tumor 牙源性粘液瘤 odontogenic myxoma 牙源性肿瘤 odontogenic tumor 一般型成釉细胞瘤 classic ameloblastoma 影上皮细胞 ghost epithelial cell 原发性骨内癌　primary intraosseous carcinoma 原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌 primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma 粘液瘤　myxoma　粘液纤维瘤　myxofibroma　真性牙骨质瘤　true cementoma　中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giant cell lesion （granuloma ）　周边型　peripheral ameloblastoma 周边性牙源性纤维瘤　peripheral odontogenic fibroma　转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤 metastasizing （malignant ） ameloblastoma　组合性牙瘤　compound odontoma 第十九章 口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变　边缘不规则　border irregularity 不对称　asymmetry　车轮状-多形性　storiform-pleomorphic 成人型纤维肉瘤　adult fibrosarcoma 成釉细胞癌 ameloblastic carcinoma 丛状血管瘤　tufted angioma 又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa ）　动静脉性血管瘤　arteriovenous hemangioma　多形性组织细胞增生症　polymorphic histocytosis,PH　恶性黑色素瘤　malignant melanoma 恶性淋巴瘤　malignant lymphoma 恶性雀斑样痣　lentigo melanoma 恶性肉芽肿　malignant granuloma 　恶性纤维组织细胞瘤　malignant fibrous histocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibrous histiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphic sarcoma with giant cell ）；炎症型称为炎症　性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatory malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphic sarcoma with prominent inflammation ）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoid fibrous hisiocytoma ））　非霍奇金淋巴瘤　non- Hodgkin lymphoma,NHL　分叶状纤维瘤　leaf-fibroma 复合痣　compound naevus 汞纹　amalgamtatoo　海绵状血管瘤　cavernous hemangioma 黑色素瘤　melanoma　黑色素胚前瘤　menotic progonoma。

第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionic placode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome （RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial rootsheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞restingodontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous proteinNSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiary dentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reaction dentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostatic potential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobular dentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer of nerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说direct innervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processes pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellularintrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellularextrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillarcementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP 牙本质涎磷蛋白dentin sialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingival junction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-rich protein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelial cell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctional complex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitivepluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articularsurface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype I白兰地型brandywine isolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacial hyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia; supernumeraryteeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluorideenamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcified type过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus ofanterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidroticectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石water streaming roundbouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracycline stained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranialdysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenital syphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层zone of destruction获得性薄膜acquired pellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surface caries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primary factorstheory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurativepulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closedpulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerativepulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplasticpulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of thepulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external tooth resorption转化生长因子transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma根尖周炎periapical periodontitis急性根尖周炎acute periapicalperiodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronic periapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronic periapicalperiodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensing osteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitis with leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginal gingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities andconditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillusactinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-inducedgingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontaldiseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusaltrauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentation factor,ODF前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis 青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontal degeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiformeexsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersed erythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenous erythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclear antibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granular erythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oral Kaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oral candidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucousfibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratoryglossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupuserythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areataexfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticular degeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegener granulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermal dendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt's lymphoma不确定细胞indeterminate cell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eaten appearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagic bone cyst穿凿性吸收tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell 单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiple chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignant osteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid 富巨细胞性病变giant cell rich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitary bone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitis ossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifying fibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitary myeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculousosteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bone cavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giant osteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant cell lesions of thejaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giant cellreparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhans cell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhans giant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwe disease良性成骨细胞瘤benign oseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitatingdendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞follicular dendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglass appearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressiveosteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressiveossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifyingfibroma日光放射状(影像)sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatousinflammation软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoidfobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullaryplasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifyingfibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primaryhyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compact osteoma致密性骨炎condensing ostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreral chondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giantcell granuloma转化亢进high-turnover state棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症X histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylar hyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoid granuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoid arthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoid nodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibularjoint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive jointdisease纤维素样变fibrinoid change象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellular reserve celltheory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis 波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies of ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellular reserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellular theory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphic adenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignant pleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basal reserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal cell adenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acute sialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cell carcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusiondisease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidinperoxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benignlymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrentparotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosingsialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-celllymphoma迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductalpapilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto's thyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillary cystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenoma papilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelial membrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren's syndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilic adenoma透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiated carcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary gland virus disease涎腺导管癌salivary duct carcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary duct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivary duct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia of salivary gland涎腺发育异常development anomalies ofsalivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence ofsalivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoidcarcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst of adults发育性根侧囊肿lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossal tract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccal cyst下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst 涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst 腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst 牙源性囊肿odontogenic cyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst of infants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucous retention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤mural ameloblastoma标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseous ameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formative tissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblastic sarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblastic fibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤malignant ameloblastoma反折线reversal line非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症osseous dysplasias混合性牙瘤complex odontoma基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤basal cellameloblastoma棘皮瘤型acanthomatous type畸形malformation极性倒置reversed polarity角化成釉细胞瘤keratoameloblastoma颗粒细胞型granular cell type良性成牙骨质细胞瘤benigncementoblastoma滤泡型follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure明显的玻璃样变marked hyalinization前成釉细胞preameloblast乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤papilliferouskeratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌dentinogenicghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤dentinogenicghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织cementoid牙瘤odontoma牙源性癌odontogenic carcinoma牙源性癌肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性钙化囊肿calcifying odontogeniccyst ,COC牙源性钙化囊性瘤calcifying cysticodontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤calcifying epithelialodontogenic tumor; Pindborg瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤keratocysticodontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant change inodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性透明细胞癌clear cellodontogenic carcinoma牙源性透明细胞瘤clear cellodontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤odontogenic fibroma牙源性腺样瘤adenomatoid odontogenictumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤odontogenicgingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌odontogenic ghost cellcarcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤odontogenic ghost celltumor牙源性粘液瘤odontogenic myxoma牙源性肿瘤odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤classic ameloblastoma影上皮细胞ghost epithelial cell原发性骨内癌primary intraosseouscarcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌primaryintraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤myxoma粘液纤维瘤myxofibroma真性牙骨质瘤true cementoma中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giantcell lesion （granuloma）周边型peripheral ameloblastoma周边性牙源性纤维瘤peripheralodontogenic fibroma转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing（malignant）ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤compound odontoma第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变边缘不规则border irregularity不对称asymmetry车轮状-多形性storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤adult fibrosarcoma成釉细胞癌ameloblastic carcinoma丛状血管瘤tufted angioma又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa）动静脉性血管瘤arteriovenoushemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症polymorphichistocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma恶性雀斑样痣lentigo melanoma恶性肉芽肿malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤malignant fibroushistocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high gradepleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with giant cell）；炎症型称为炎症性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatorymalignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with prominent inflammation）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoidfibrous hisiocytoma））非霍奇金淋巴瘤non- Hodgkinlymphoma,NHL分叶状纤维瘤leaf-fibroma复合痣compound naevus汞纹amalgamtatoo海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma黑色素瘤melanoma黑色素胚前瘤menotic progonoma黑素细胞痣melanocytic naevus化脓性肉芽肿pyogenic granuloma霍奇金病Hodgkin disease,HD棘层松解性鳞状细胞癌acantholytic。

第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionic placode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome （RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous proteinNSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblasticprocess，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiary dentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone ofWeil，Weil层反应性牙本质reaction dentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostatic potential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobular dentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer of nerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说direct innervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processes pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellularintrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellularextrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillarcementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentinsialophosphoproteinsword.牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingival junction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-rich protein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelial cell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctional complex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitivepluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articularsurface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype I白兰地型brandywine isolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacial hyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia; supernumeraryteeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluorideenamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcified type过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus ofanterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidroticectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石water streaming roundbouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracycline stained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranialdysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenital syphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙word.形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层zone of destruction获得性薄膜acquired pellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surface caries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primary factors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurativepulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closedpulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerativepulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplasticpulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of thepulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external tooth resorption转化生长因子transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma根尖周炎periapical periodontitis急性根尖周炎acute periapicalperiodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronic periapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronic periapicalperiodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensing osteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitis with leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginal gingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities andconditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillusactinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-inducedgingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontaldiseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusaltrauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclastdifferentation factor,ODF前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原human leucocyteantigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingivitis始发期initial stageword.嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontal degeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiformeexsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersed erythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenous erythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclear antibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granular erythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oral Kaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oral candidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucousfibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratoryglossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupuserythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areataexfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticular degeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegener granulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermal dendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt's lymphoma不确定细胞indeterminate cell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eaten appearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagic bone cyst穿凿性吸收tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclearphagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiplechondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostoticfibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignantosteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cell rich lesion钙化骨mineralized boneword.孤立性骨囊肿solitary bone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitis ossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifying fibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitary myeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bone cavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giant osteoid osteoma 巨细胞肉芽肿giant cell lesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giant cell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhans cell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhans giant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwe disease良性成骨细胞瘤benign oseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitatingdendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞follicular dendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglass appearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressiveosteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressiveossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifyingfibroma日光放射状(影像)sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatousinflammation软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoidfobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullaryplasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifyingfibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primaryhyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compact osteoma致密性骨炎condensing ostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreral chondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giantcell granuloma转化亢进high-turnover state棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症X histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylar hyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoid granuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoid arthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoid nodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibularjoint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive jointdisease纤维素样变fibrinoid change象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellular reserve celltheory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomaliesof ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotentialunicellular reserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellular theoryword.多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphic adenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignant pleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basal reserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal cell adenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acute sialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cell carcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benign lymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma 淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps 慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner 瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-celllymphoma迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductalpapilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto's thyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillary cystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenoma papilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelial membraneantigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren's syndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilic adenoma透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiated carcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary gland virus disease涎腺导管癌salivary duct carcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary duct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivary duct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia of salivary gland涎腺发育异常development anomalies ofsalivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence ofsalivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoidcarcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst of adults发育性根侧囊肿lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossal tract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasationcyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infectedbuccal cyst下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogeniccyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst ofthe newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producingodontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogenic cystword.炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst of infants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucous retention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤mural ameloblastoma标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseous ameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formative tissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblastic sarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblastic fibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤malignant ameloblastoma反折线reversal line非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症osseous dysplasias混合性牙瘤complex odontoma基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤basal cell ameloblastoma棘皮瘤型acanthomatous type畸形malformation极性倒置reversed polarity角化成釉细胞瘤keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型granular cell type良性成牙骨质细胞瘤benign cementoblastoma滤泡型follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure明显的玻璃样变marked hyalinization前成釉细胞preameloblast乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤papilliferous keratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤dentinogenic ghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织cementoid牙瘤odontoma牙源性癌odontogenic carcinoma牙源性癌肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性钙化囊肿calcifying odontogeniccyst ,COC牙源性钙化囊性瘤calcifying cysticodontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤calcifying epithelialodontogenic tumor; Pindborg瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤keratocysticodontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant change inodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性透明细胞癌clear cellodontogenic carcinoma牙源性透明细胞瘤clear cellodontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤odontogenic fibroma牙源性腺样瘤adenomatoid odontogenictumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤odontogenicgingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌odontogenic ghost cellcarcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤odontogenic ghost celltumor牙源性粘液瘤odontogenic myxoma牙源性肿瘤odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤classic ameloblastoma影上皮细胞ghost epithelial cell原发性骨内癌primary intraosseouscarcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌primaryintraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤myxoma粘液纤维瘤myxofibroma真性牙骨质瘤true cementoma中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giantcell lesion （granuloma）周边型peripheral ameloblastoma周边性牙源性纤维瘤peripheralodontogenic fibroma转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing（malignant）ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤compound odontoma第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变边缘不规则border irregularity不对称asymmetry车轮状-多形性storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤adult fibrosarcoma成釉细胞癌ameloblastic carcinoma丛状血管瘤tufted angioma又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa）动静脉性血管瘤arteriovenoushemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症polymorphichistocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma恶性雀斑样痣lentigo melanoma恶性肉芽肿malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤malignant fibroushistocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high gradepleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with giant cell）；炎症型称为炎症性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatorymalignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with prominent inflammation）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoidfibrous hisiocytoma））非霍奇金淋巴瘤non- Hodgkinlymphoma,NHL分叶状纤维瘤leaf-fibroma复合痣compound naevus汞纹amalgamtatoo海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma黑色素瘤melanoma黑色素胚前瘤menotic progonoma黑素细胞痣melanocytic naevus化脓性肉芽肿pyogenic granuloma霍奇金病Hodgkin disease,HD棘层松解性鳞状细胞癌acantholyticsquamous cell carcinoma也称腺样鳞状细胞癌（adenoid squamous cell carcinoma）基底样鳞状细胞癌basaloid squamouscell carcinoma尖锐湿疣condyloma acuminatum亦称性病性疣（venereal wart）或性病性湿疣（venereal condyloma）交界痣junctional naevus静脉性血管瘤vanous hemangioma结节性恶性黑色素瘤nodular malignantmelanoma巨细胞性龈瘤giant cell epulis局灶性上皮增生focal epithelialhyperplasia亦称Heck病（Heck disease）颗粒细胞肌母细胞瘤granular cellmyoblastoma颗粒细胞瘤granular cell tumor口腔转移性肿瘤metastatic tumors inthe oral tissues棱形小体angulate body淋巴管瘤lymphangioma淋巴瘤样肉芽肿病lymphomatoidgranulomatosis,LYG淋巴网状系统lymphoreticular system鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma鳞状细胞乳头状瘤squamous cellword.。

第一章口腔颌面部发育神经嵴 neural crest NSPs内釉上皮层 ganglionic placode inner enamal epithelium 神经节原基鼻凹 nasal pit 鼻板 nasal placode 前成牙本质细胞 Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞 preodontoblast 施万细胞前期牙本质 predentin 鼻腭管naso-palatal canal外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间缩余釉上皮 reduced dental 鼻鳍 nasal fin 叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总epithelium lateral palatal process，也称侧腭突托姆斯突 Tomes processe 称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine 维甲酸综合征 retinoic acid syndromeshelf）（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引脱落 shedding 交替第一鳃弓软骨 Meckel's cartilage 外釉上皮层 outer enamal epithelium 起的发育异常星网状层 stellate reticulum 下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage 额鼻突 frontonasal process牙板 dental lamina cleft palate 嗅板 olfactory placode 腭裂tongue 分叉舌 bifid ，也称舌裂（cleft 牙囊 nasal pit dental sac 嗅窝牙乳头也称鳃囊咽囊tongue，split tongue） pharyngeal pouch dental papilla引导管 gubernacular canal颌裂 cleft jaw 原发腭 primary palate 原口釉丛蛋白 tuftelin stomadeum secondary palate 继发腭颊咽膜釉结中鼻突 orapharyngeal membrane medial nasal process enamel knot釉龛 enamel niche 甲状舌管 thyroglossal duct 主动脉的 conotruncalsulcus terminalis enamel cord 釉索界沟第二章牙的发育 cervical sinus 颈窦amelogenesis 釉质形成 glycosaminoglycans 氨基葡萄糖primary epithelial原发性上皮带口凹oral pit成牙本质细胞 odontoblast band 口咽膜 orapharyngeal membrane成釉蛋白 ameloblastinmantle dentin pouch 拉特克囊Rathke's ，也称神经颊罩牙本质enamel organ 成釉器stratum intermedium 中间层）囊（craniobuccal pouch，颅颊囊ameloblast 成釉细胞terminal web 终棒）（craniopharyngeal pouchsecretory分泌型成牙本质细胞bell stage 钟状期联合mergeodontoblastcopula 联合突Hertwing epithelial赫特威上皮根鞘面裂 facial cleft 牙体组织第三章root sheath模式发育 patterning ，细胞外粘vitronectin 玻璃粘连蛋白基质小泡 matrix vesicle奇结节tuberculum impar 附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白颈环 cervical loopmedian palatine process 前腭突成纤维细胞 fibroblast resting静止型成牙本质细胞前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly 成牙本质细胞 odontoblast odontoblastincisive canal切牙管 odontoblastic成牙本质细胞突起蕾状期 bud stageglobular process 球状突，也称呜浯獥?映扩牥process连接复合体 junctional complex融合 fuse 成牙本质细胞突周间隙 Malassez epithelial马拉瑟上皮剩余branchial arch 鳃弓periodontoblastic space rest鳃沟branchial groove 成釉蛋白ameloblastin 帽状期 cap stage上颌突 maxillary process perforating fiber 穿通纤维 eruption 萌出舌盲孔foramen cecum proteinases 蛋白酶 proteinnon-collagenous 非胶原蛋白第三期牙本质 tertiary dentin 芮氏线 lines of Retzius，釉质生长线修复性牙本质 reparative dentin沙比纤维 Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维多细胞层 cell-rich zone 牙本质 dentin牙本质磷蛋白 dentin phosphophoryn；乏细胞层 cell-free zone, the zone of 神经壁层 parietal layer of nerves，Weil，Weil层Raschkow 丛dentin phosphoproteins，DPPdirect innervation 牙本质生长线 von Ebner 1ine 神经传导学说反应性牙本质 reaction dentin牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoproteintheory reversal line 反转线，DSP somatostatin 非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins 生长激素抑制素牙本质涎磷蛋白生长线 incremental lines，同芮氏线 dentin 缝隙连接 gap junctionsialophosphoproteins 骨钙素 osteocalcin Schreger line 施雷格线牙本质小管树突状细胞 dendritic cells 骨连接素 osteonectin dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界biglycan dentino-cemental 双糖链蛋白聚糖骨桥蛋白osteopontinjunction 丝氨酸蛋白酶 serine proteinases 骨样牙本质 osteodentin牙骨质）固有牙髓 pulp proper cementum （kallikrein-4 死区 dead tract 牙骨质生长因子 cementum growth intratubular dentin 管间牙本质factor pulp core 管周牙本质peritubular dentin 髓核核心蛋白聚糖 decorin 髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin 牙骨质粘附蛋白 cementum adhesionprotein 糖胺聚糖横纹 cross striations glycosaminoglycans牙面平行线 perikymata，也称釉面横纹matrix 基质金属蛋白酶20 透明层 hyaline layer牙髓 dental pulp sclerotic dentin metalloproteinases 20，MMP20 透明牙本质牙髓牙本质复合体transparent dentin pulpo-dentinalsecondary dentin继发性牙本质，牙发透明牙本质complex 托姆斯颗粒层育完成之后形成的牙本质 Tomes' granular layerTPP Tomes processes pit， enamel 牙釉质托姆斯突凹腱蛋白tenascinmicropore 微孔 enamelysin gnarled enamel 绞釉牙釉质溶解蛋白enamel-dentinal 未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated 牙釉质牙本质界紧密连接tight junction）mesenchymal cell Korff's fiber, 最先形成junction（EDJ科尔夫纤维enamelo-cemental 的牙本质纤维无细胞固有纤维牙骨质 acellular 牙釉质牙骨质界cementoid 类牙骨质junction intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC油炸圈样 hydrodynamic theory 流体动力学说无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular appearance of doughnut cellular 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质磨损 abrasion, attrition extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFCacellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC nanospheres 纳米球无细胞无纤维牙骨质cellular 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质 afibrillar cementum, AAC cariostatic potential 耐龋潜能无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum enkephalin 脑啡肽mixed stratified cementum, CMSCenamel lamellae 釉板 rodless enamel 诺伊曼鞘 Neumann sheath 无釉柱牙釉质（加重的牙本质生长Owen line 欧文线 cellular cementum enamel tufts 釉丛细胞牙骨质釉丛蛋白fibronectin 纤维粘连蛋白捜湯潴牵氠湩?景传敷屮线），也称tuftelinenamelin predentin 前期牙本质lamina limitans 限制板釉蛋白楔状缺损釉帽wedge shaped defect desmosome 桥粒 enamel cap也称牙面平行线，perikymata 釉面横纹neonatal line 新生线interglobular dentin 球间牙本质釉梭 enamel spindle 牙龈 gingiva 腮腺导管 Stensen ductdentogingival junction 腮腺素 parotin enamel cuticle 釉小皮牙龈结合舌下腺牙龈上皮 gingval epithelium 釉牙本质界 enamel-dentinal junction sublingual gland舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren syndrome （EDJ）涎腺第六章肾素 rennin 釉原蛋白 amelogeninsdemilune 半月板嗜酸粒细胞瘤釉柱 enamel rod oncocytoma胞吐 exocytosis釉柱鞘嗜酸细胞 oncocyte enamel rod sheath杯状细胞 goblet cell嗜酸性腺瘤 primary dentin，牙发育oxiphilic adenoma 原发性牙本质储备细胞 reserve cell 唾液 saliva 时期形成的牙本质 osmic acid 锇酸唾液腺tropocollagen 原胶原salivary glandsecretory unit 分泌单位灶性孔味觉素 gustin focal hole, FHsecretory duct 分泌管纹管 striated duct 罩牙本质 mantle dentin富脯氨酸蛋白 proline-rich proteinptyatin 中间连接 intermediate junction 涎液素tyrosine-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白中间牙骨质 acinus 腺泡intermediate cementumstem cell 干细胞minor salivary gland 小涎腺重塑remodelingglucogon-like高血糖素样蛋白primitivetransduction theory 转导学说原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞proteinpluripotential salivary duct cells组织细胞 histiocytesubmandibular gland 颌下腺致密小体 dense body mixed acinus 混合性腺泡组氨酸 histidine 第四章牙周组织肌动蛋白 actin不成熟的弹力纤维 oxytalan fibers 肌球蛋白myosin弹力纤维elastin fibers 颞下颌关节第七章myoepithelial cell 肌上皮细胞cellularrich zone 多细胞带stippling 点彩肌微丝myofilamentzone of calcified 凋亡apoptosis 钙化软骨带serous acinus 浆液性腺泡cartilageattached gingiva 附着龈浆粘液细胞seromucous cell根尖组apical group 关节囊 capsule晶样体 crystalloid interradicular group 根间组关节盘 disc 局浆分泌merocrine固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper synovial membrane 滑膜antiproteolytic抗蛋白溶解蛋白condyle circular group 环行组髁突protein，结合上皮颞下颌关节 temporo-mandibular join junctional epithelium basket cell 篮细胞束骨 TMJbundle bone 连接复合体 junctional complexfibrocartilaginous zone水平组 horizontal group 纤维软骨带 zymogen granule 酶原颗粒fibrous articular oblique group 斜行组纤维性关节表面带excretory duct 排泄管alveolar bone 牙槽骨surface mucin 粘多糖alveolar crest group 牙槽嵴组 mucous acinus 粘液性腺泡牙槽突 alveolar process 牙发育异常第八章全浆分泌 holocrine-type secretion牙槽龈组 alveologingival groupdysplasia dentin 型牙本质结构不良 II 乳铁蛋白 lactoferrin牙骨膜组 dentoperiosteal group type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良 intercalated duct 闰管 interdental papilla 牙间乳头dentin dysplasia型牙本质结构不良I parotid gland 腮腺type I 四环素牙 tetracycline stained teeth 遗传性乳光牙本质 hereditary锁骨颅骨发育不全征，牙本质cleidocranial opalescent dentin 白兰地型 brandywine isolate 形成缺陷的一种阴影牙 ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良良胎生牙 natal teeth，出生时即已萌出斑釉 mottled enamel鹰爪尖 talon cusp 半面过度增生 hemifacial hyperplasia 的牙成熟不全型 hypomatuaration type 釉珠 enamel pearl 特纳牙 Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤， distomolar 低磷酸酯酶症 hypophosphatasia 远中磨牙导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全早萌premature eruption 多生牙 hyperdontia; supernumerary弯曲牙mesiodens teeth dilacerations 正中牙非氟性牙釉质浑浊症 non-fluoride 无牙 adontiacongenital syphilis 先天性梅毒牙enamel opacities 第九章龋病dental fluorosis microdontia 小牙氟牙症暗层 dark zone天30noenatal teeth，出生后新生牙附加牙 supplemental teeth 变形链球菌 mutans streptococci; S. paramolar 副磨牙内萌出的牙mutans形成不全型钙化不全型 hypocalcified type hypoplastic type 表层 surface zonesnow-capped 过早脱落 premature loss 雪帽型病损体部 body of the lesiondentin matrix畸形舌侧尖 lingual cusp deformity 牙本质基质蛋白1 蛋白溶解－螯合学说lingual fossa deformity protein 1, DMP1 畸形舌侧窝proteolysis-chelation theorydentin dysplasia 牙本质结构不良central cusp deformity 畸形中央尖proteolytic theory 蛋白溶解学说dentin sialoprotein, concrescence 牙本质涎蛋白结合牙L. fermentus 发酵乳杆菌巨牙 macrodontia DSP actinomyces 放线菌属shell-teeth 牙本质形成缺陷症型II 壳状牙L. casei 干酪乳杆菌hypomineralized type dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 矿化不全型root caries 根龋discoloration of teeth 牙变色牛牙症taurodontism chemico-parasitic 化学寄生学说hypocementosis 前牙的牙外突 dens evaginatus of 牙骨质发育不全theory牙骨质过度增生anterior teeth hypercementosis chemico-bacterial 化学细菌学说regional 区域性牙发育不良牙内陷dens invaginatus theoryenamel opacities ，阴影牙odontodysplasia牙釉质混浊症 zone of destruction 坏死崩解层hypomineralized 融合牙fusion 牙釉质矿化不全，唾液acquired pellicle 获得性薄膜persistence of deciduous 乳牙滞留 enamel 薄膜牙釉质形成不全teeth enamel hypoplasia acute caries 急性龋amelogenesis mulberry molar 桑椹牙牙釉质形成缺陷症arrested caries 静止性龋imperfecta 少汗外胚层发育不良 hypohidrotic bacterial plaque 菌斑cervical enamel ectodermal dysplasia 牙釉质延伸chronic caries 慢性龋hypodontia 少牙extension rampant caries 猛性龋dens in dente 牙中牙 gemination 双生牙 A. naeslundii 内氏放线菌水流围绕圆石 water streaming round 牙阻生impaction of teeth 平滑面龋smooth surface caries，根部牙本质结构不良的表现bouldings 延迟萌出retarded eruption S. mitis 轻链球菌龋病 dental caries 慢性牙髓炎 chronic pulpitis 肿瘤坏死因子 tumor necrosis factor，TNF Lactobacillichronic 慢性增生性牙髓炎乳杆菌属hyperplastic pulpitis three primary factors 三联因素学说theory retrograde pulpitis 逆行性牙髓炎第十二章牙周组织病prostaglandins，PGs 前列腺素嗜酸乳杆菌 L. acidophilus 白细胞介素 interleuk ins,ILidiopathic resorption 酸原学说acidogenic theory 特发性吸收白血病性龈增大 gingival enlargement透明层 translucent zone ，硬化层牙内吸收 internal tooth resorption associated with leukemia脱矿层 zone of demineralization 牙髓变性 pulp degeneration 伴白血病性龈炎 gingivitis with牙髓充血 pulp hyperemia 唾液薄膜 salivary pellicle，获得性leukemia牙髓钙化 pulp calcification 薄膜伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎 periodontitispit and fissure caries 窝沟龋pulp gangrene 牙髓坏疽associated with endodontic lesions细菌侵入层 zone of bacterial 牙髓坏死 pulp necrosis 边缘性龈炎 marginal gingivitis牙髓渐进性坏死 necrobiosis invasion 变性 degenerationreticular atrophy of 血链球菌 S. sanguis 牙髓网状萎缩病损确立期 established lesionthe pulp dentin caries 牙本质龋剥脱性龈病损 desquamative lesion ofpulp fibrosis 牙髓纤维性变牙骨质龋cementum caries gingivalpulpitis 牙釉质龋 enamel caries 牙髓炎创伤 traumatooth resorption 远缘链球菌 S. sobrinus 牙体吸收创伤性咬合 traumatic occlusion牙外吸收external tooth resorption A. viscosus 粘性放线菌 proteinases 蛋白酶 transfer growth 转化生长因子发育性或获得性异常及其状况病factor,TGF 第十章牙髓developmentalor acquired deformities，LTs leukotrienes白三烯and conditions白细胞介素 interleukin periodontitis 周尖根第十一章炎反应全身疾病的牙周炎irreversible 不可逆性牙髓炎of systemic diseases 蜂窝织炎cellulitis as a manifestationpulpitis Actinobacillus 放线共生放线杆菌 periapical granuloma 根尖肉芽肿residual pulpitis 残髓炎actinomycetem comitans，根尖周炎periapical periodontitis Aavacuolar成牙本质细胞层空泡变性非菌斑性牙龈病损acute periapical急性根尖周炎degeneration of layer the odontoblastic periodontitis non-plaque-induced gingival lesionsacute supurative 急性化脓性牙髓炎noninflammatory 非炎症性acute alveolar abscess 急性牙槽脓肿pulpitis lipoteichoic acids 奋森龈炎 Vincent gingivitis 磷脂壁酸acute serous 急性浆液性牙髓炎慢性根尖脓肿Bf Bcteroides forsythuschronic periapical ，福赛类杆菌pulpitis 共聚coaggregation abscess急性牙髓炎 acute pulpitis intrabony pocket 骨内袋慢性根尖周炎 chronic periapicalreversible pulpitis 可复性牙髓炎periodontitis 骨上袋 supragingival pocketchronic closed 慢性闭锁性牙髓炎osteoprotegerin,OPG chonic alveolar 慢性牙槽脓肿护骨因子pulpitis necrotizing abscess 坏死性牙周病chronic ulcerative 慢性溃疡型牙髓炎peplidoglyans 肽葡聚糖 periodontal diseasespulpitis matrix基质金属蛋白酶condensing osteoitis 致密性骨炎metalloprotinases，MMP hyperplasia 龈沟液 gingival crevicularfluid,GCF 激素性龈炎 steroid透明质酸酶 hyaluronidase龈裂hormone-influenced gingivitis gingival cleft; Stillman'S 唾液粘蛋白 mucincleft acute 维生素C缺乏性龈炎 vitamin C 急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎龈增生 gingival hyperplasia deficeint gingivitis necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis营养不良萎缩 atrophy 急性坏死性龈炎 acute necrotizing dystrophy营养不良性 cytokine gingivitis dystrophic 细胞因子早老性萎缩继发性咬合创伤 secondary occlusal 细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m presenile atrophy早期病变CAM early lesion trauma olecules，细菌性生物膜家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital dental pla que biofilm 粘附 adhesionAv familial fibromatosis Actinomyces viscosus，先天性家族性纤维瘤病 congenital 粘性放线菌浆细胞龈炎 plasma cell gingivitis trench mouth 战壕口炎familial fibromatosis，LPS diffuse atrophy of 脂多糖 lipopolysaccharedes collagenase 胶原酶牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩 alveolar bone 金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases 中间密螺旋体polymorphonuclear 中性多形核白细胞dental 进展期advanced lesion 牙菌斑性牙龈病聚集 aggregation plaque-induced gingival disease leukocytes,PMN neoplasia fimbriae 菌毛肿瘤牙龈病 gingival diseasestumor necrosis 老年性萎缩senile atrophy Porphyromonas 牙龈卟啉单胞菌肿瘤坏死因子-αgingivalis， chondrosulphatase 硫酸软骨素酶 factor-α，TNF-αtissueCap no 牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌慢性牙周炎 chronic periodontitis 组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂gingivalis chronic gingivitis 慢性龈炎TIMPinhibitors of metalloproteinase，papillary gingivitis 牙龈乳头炎密螺旋体属Treponemaosteoclast 破骨细胞分化因子 gingival recession 牙龈退缩第十三章口腔粘膜病牙周变性differentation factor,ODF periodontal degeneration 艾滋病 AIDSPGE2 prostglandinE2E2 ，牙周病periodontal disease 前列腺素 leukoplakia 白斑abcesses of the 牙周脓肿侵袭性牙周炎aggressive Behcet syndrome 白塞综合征periodontitis periodontium white sponge nevus 白色海绵状斑痣青春期龈炎periodontitis 牙周炎pubertal gingivitis 白色念珠状菌 candida albicans牙周症human leucocyte 人类白细胞抗原periodontosis 白色水肿 leukoedemainflammation 炎症antigen,HLA white folded disease 白皱折病pregnancy gingivitis 妊娠期龈炎咬合创伤 occlusal trauma 斑 maculemedication-influenced initial stage 始发期药物性龈炎 lichen planus,LP 扁平苔藓 T. maltophilum 嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体gingivitisprogrammed cell 程序化细胞死亡hereditary 梭螺菌龈炎遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病fusospirochetal deathgingivitis gingival fibromatosis bulla 大疱hereditary gingival 特发性浆细胞龈口炎遗传性龈增生idiopathic 单纯性疱疹 herpes simplexplasma-cell gingivostomatitis hyperplasia 地图舌 geographic tongue特发性龈增生龈袋 idiopathic gingivalgingival pocket amyloidosis 淀粉样变性多形渗出性红斑 erythema multiforme lymphoma 天疱疮细胞 Tzanck cell网状变性口腔毛状白斑 oral hairy reticular degeneration exsudativum韦格内肉芽肿 Wegener granulomatosis leukoplakia，非典型性 atypia OHL萎缩 atrophy 非霍奇金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin lymphoma 口腔念珠菌病 oral candidiasis复发性阿弗他口炎 cell apoptosis 细胞凋亡recurrent aphthous 口腔粘膜下纤维化 oral submucous stomatitis,RAS 腺性唇炎 cheilitis glandularis fibrosis复发性阿弗他溃疡 recurrent 肖曼小体 Schauann bodies，多核巨细aphthous 溃疡 ulcerulcer，RAU 类天疱疮样扁平苔藓 lichen Planus 胞内的包涵体复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎眼、口、生殖器三联综合征 Pemphigoides,LPPoculo-oral-genital syndrome periadenitis mucosa necrotica benign migratory 良性游走性舌炎 glossitis 增殖性红斑 erythroplasia recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化 hyperparakeratosis 粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病 benign 良性粘膜类天疱疮 benign mucous lymphoadenosis of mucosa membrane pemphigoid 过度角化 hyperkeratosis周缘扩展现象 Nikolsky征硫黄素T thioflavine T 过度正角化 hyperorthokeratosischronic discoid 慢性盘状红斑狼疮spongiosis 海绵形成lupus erythematosus 红斑erythroplakia 第十四章颌骨疾病Melkersson-Rosenthal 梅一罗综合征红色增殖性病变 erythroplastic lamellar bone 板层骨lesion syndrome dermal dendrocyte 表皮树突状细胞erosion acquired 获得性免疫缺陷综合征糜烂 Burkitt's lymphoma 伯基特淋巴瘤念珠菌病candidiasis immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋indeterminate cell 不确定细胞vesicle 疱病chondroblastoma 成软骨细胞瘤疱疹性口炎vaculation 基底细胞空泡性变及液化 herpetic stomatitis moth-eaten appearance 虫蚀状ballooning degeneration and liquefaction of hasal cell 气球变性出血性骨囊肿 hemorrhagic bone cyst desmocollins acantholysis 棘层松解桥粒芯胶粘蛋白tunneling resorption or 穿凿性吸收棘层增生acanthosis desmogleins 桥粒芯糖蛋白dissecting resorption丘疹crusts 痂 papule 穿凿样 punched-out appearanceglossitis areata 假膜pseudomembrane 区域剥脱性舌炎，伪膜 simple bone cyst 单纯性骨囊肿间杂型红斑interspersed exfoliativa monostotic 单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症human erythroplakia 人免疫缺陷病毒也称单骨性骨纤维结构bibrous dysplasia小体，胶样小体colloid bodyCivatteimmunodeficiency virus，HIV 不良cheilitis 角化不良dyskeratosis 肉芽肿性唇炎 mononucleate stromal 单核基质细胞结节病granulomatosa sarcoidosis cell均质型红斑 homogenous epithelial atrophy 上皮萎缩erythroplakia mononuclear 单核巨噬细胞系统上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia rhagade 皲裂phagocyte systemANA ，antinuclear antibody 抗核抗体舌乳头炎lingual papillitis aneurysmal bone cyst 动脉瘤性骨囊肿嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration 颗粒型红斑 granular erythroplakia 多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma 噬黑色素细胞melanophages sarcoma oral 肉瘤 Kaposi口腔 Kaposi multiple 多发性软骨瘤病口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin oral 天疱疮pemphigus chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症 polyostotic 汉-许-克病 Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病 actinomycosis of jaws 朗汉斯巨细胞 Langhans giant cell 不良恶性成骨细胞瘤 malignant 颌骨骨髓炎 osteomyelitis of jaws 勒-雪病 Letterer-Siwe diseaseosteoblastoma 良性成骨细胞瘤 benign oseoblastoma 颌骨结核 tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变 giant cell granuloma 腭隆突 torus palatinus 淋巴结的交错突细胞 interdigitating颌骨梅毒 syphilis of jaws dendritic cell 放射性骨坏死 osteoradionecrosis硫磺颗粒 sulfur granule弧立性骨髓瘤unmineralized solitary myeloma 非钙化骨样组织化牙骨质纤维瘤 cementifying fibroma osteoid 滤泡树枝状细胞 follicular dendritic富巨细胞性病变 giant cell rich 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎 acute cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎 Garrlesion suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws é'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing secondary cartilage 钙化骨 mineralized bone 继发软骨ostitis Garre secondarysolitary bone cyst 继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进孤立性骨囊肿hyperparathyroidism 骨化性骨膜炎 periostitis ossificans 慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎 chronic osteomyelitis with proliferative familial骨化性纤维瘤 ossifying fibroma 家族性颌骨多囊性病，mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws periostitis giant 骨巨细胞瘤 cell tumor of bonechronic GCT familial 家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎骨壳 involucrum suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws fibrous dysplasia of the jawschronic 慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎osteoma 骨瘤家族性巨颌症 cherubismfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws 骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma 甲状旁腺功能亢进chronic Hyperparathyroidism 骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone 慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of pseudocyst 假囊肿resorptionjaws 骨旁骨肉瘤 paraosteal osteosarcoma 间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymalchronic 慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎骨肉瘤osteosarcoma chondrosarcomasclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws osteochondroma 骨软骨瘤浆细胞瘤plasmacytomagroundglass appearance 骨软骨性外生骨疣磨砂玻璃样tuberculous 结核性颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws 内生型软骨瘤enchondroma osteocartilaginous exostosis破骨细胞瘤 myeloma 静止性骨腔 static bone cavity osteoclastoma 骨髓瘤aggressive 骨外骨肉瘤巨大型骨样骨瘤giant osteoid extraosseous 侵袭性成骨细胞瘤osteoblastoma osteoma osteosarcomaaggressive giant cell lesions of extraosseous 骨外型软骨肉瘤巨细胞肉芽肿侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤the jaws chondrosarcoma ossifying fibromajuvenile fibrous dysplasia of 青少年骨化性纤维瘤巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giant cell 骨纤维结构不良reparative granuloma ossifying fibroma 也称骨纤维异常增殖症bone郎格汉斯细胞病peritrabecular 骨小梁周围纤维化日光放射状sun-ray (影像) Langerhans cell granulomatous ，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症肉芽肿性炎症fibrosis disease）Langerhans cell histiocytosis（inflammation osteoid osteoma 骨样骨瘤chondroma 软骨瘤郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症cancellous osteoma 海绵型骨瘤软骨颅 chondrocranium （染色体）三体 trisomy 艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease vertical cleft 垂直裂软骨肉瘤 chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤 chondromyxoid 暗细胞错颌 malocclusion dark cells奥辛兰 Alcian blue fobroma 骨剥露 denudation半多能双储备细胞理论 epithelioid cell 骨关节病 osteoarthrosis 上皮样细胞semipluripotential bicellular reserve嗜酸性肉芽肿 eosinophilic granuloma 骨关节炎 osteoarthritis,OA树突状细胞系统 dendritic cell 骨赘性唇状突出 osteophytic lipping cell theorysystem 滑膜软骨瘤病 synovial 伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma with osteochondromatosis sequestrum 死骨lymphoid stroma condylar hyperplasia 髓外浆细胞瘤 extramedullary 髁突增生变性型涎腺肿大症类风湿肉芽肿 rheumatoid granuloma degenerative plasmacyfomasialosis rheumatoid 类风湿性关节炎髓外性尤文肉瘤 extramedullarg Ewing波形丝蛋白 vimnentinarthritis sarcoma ，RA成涎细胞瘤rheumatoid nodule sialoblastoma 类风湿性小结图顿巨细胞 Touton giant cell大细胞癌颞下颌关节紊乱病外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst temporomandibular large cell carcinoma导管发育异常joint disorders 外生骨疣 exostosis developmentalanomalies of ducts 切线裂 tangential cleft 下颌隆突 torus mandibularis导管内乳头状瘤 intraductal fibro-osseous lesion villous projection 绒毛状突起骨病变纤维- papilloma 新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎 neonatal 色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎 pigmented导管乳头状瘤 ductal papilloma maxillitis villonosdular synovitis导管腺泡单位 degeneratitive joint ductoacinar unit 退行性关节病牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤 disease 淀粉酶cemento-ossifying fibroma amylase顶浆分泌洋葱皮 onion-skin 纤维素样变fibrinoid change apocrinelamina dura eburnation （骨质）多动脉周围炎 polyarteritis 象牙化硬骨板原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进pannus 血管翳 primary 多发性肌炎 polymyositishyperparathyroidism 蚓状小体vermiform bodies 多囊腮腺 polycystic parotid gland游离小体loose body 多能单储备细胞理论 pluripotentialcompact osteoma 致密型骨瘤unicellular reserve cell theory 致密性骨炎condensing ostitis 原纤维化fibrillationmulticellular theory 多细胞理论 central type 中心型polymorphous peripheral type 周围型多形性低度恶性腺癌第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤peripreral chondroma 周围型软骨瘤low-grade adenocarcinoma PASPAS periodic acid schiff 的缩写，pleomorphic adenoma 周围性巨细胞肉芽肿 peripheral giant 多形性腺瘤反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊malignant 恶性多形性腺瘤cell granuloma 染色转化亢进high-turnover state pleomorphic adenoma ，癌胚抗原carcinoembryonic antigenmalignant brown tumor 棕色瘤恶性淋巴上皮病变CEA histiocytosisXX 组织细胞增生症lymphoepithelial lesion carcinoma ex癌在多形性腺瘤中发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入pleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inevelopmental lingual salivary glandpleomorphic adenoma颞下颌关节病第十五章．depression 巨细胞包涵体病 cytomegalic thyroiditisradiant impair亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体 inclusion disease 放射线损伤avidin biotin-peroxidase complex, ABC xerostomia 非皮脂淋巴腺瘤 non-sebaceous 口腔干燥症人类免疫缺陷病毒链亲和素过氧化物酶 streptavidin hunman lymphadenomaimmunodeficiency HIV peroxidase,S-P非特异性透明细胞癌 clear cell溶菌酶 lysozyme 链亲和素生物素复合物carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌 adenocarcinoma not 乳铁蛋白 lactoferrin，LF streptavidin-biotin complex SABC乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤 papillary otherwise specified，NOS 良性淋巴上皮病变 benigncystadenoma lymphomatosum 分泌组份 secretory component lymphoepithelial lesion副涎腺 accessory salivary gland 亮细胞 light cells乳头状囊腺癌 papillarycystadenocarcinoma 淋巴上皮癌 lymphoepithelial 干燥综合征sicca syndrome乳头状囊腺瘤carcinoma papillary cystadenoma 管状腺瘤 canalicular adenoma;乳头状涎腺瘤 sialadenoma tubular adenoma 淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cystpapilliferum 鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma peroxidase 过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶肌上皮癌流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; 上皮-anti-proxidase, PAP mumps syringomaepithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma 汗腺瘤epi-myoepithelial 慢性复发性腮腺炎 chronic recurrent 合胞体 syncytium 上皮肌上皮岛necrotizing 坏死性涎腺化生 island parotitisepithelial membrane sialometaplasia 慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis 上皮膜抗原antigenchronic 慢性硬化性颌下腺炎mixed tumor 混合瘤，EMA舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren's syndrome sclerosing sialadenitis of 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 acquired，检查泪液分 Schirmer test 施墨试验submandibular gland; Küttner瘤immune deficiency syndrome AIDS细胞淋巴瘤B Hodgkin lymphoma霍奇金淋巴瘤 diffuse large 泌情况的一种试验弥漫性大肌上皮瘤 B-cell lymphoma myoepithelioma oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞瘤basal reserve cell 基底储备细胞理论迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands oxyphilic adenoma 嗜酸性腺瘤theory A clear cell carcinoma immunoglobulin A 透明细胞癌免疫球蛋白免疫细胞化学clear cell tumor 透明细胞瘤basisquamous 基底鳞状的旋涡状 immunocytochemistryimmunohistochemistry 免疫组织化学whorling 未分化癌undifferentiated carcimma细胞角蛋白 cystadenocarcinoma 囊腺癌basal cell adenoma 基底细胞腺瘤 cytokeratin囊腺瘤 acute pyogenic 急性化脓性腮腺炎fibronectin 纤维连接蛋白 cystadenomasialolithiasis paratitis 内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductal 涎石病salivary gland virus acute sialadenitis 急性涎腺炎papilloma 涎腺病毒病crush artifact 挤压假象disease sebaceous 皮脂淋巴腺癌涎腺导管癌thyroglobulin 甲状腺球蛋白lymphadenocarcinoma salivary duct carcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤salivary duct stone 涎腺导管结石sebaceous lymphadenoma serous cell carcinoma 浆液细胞腺癌皮脂腺瘤 extranodal B结外边缘带细胞淋巴瘤salivary duct cyst 涎腺导管囊肿sebaceous adenomaaplasia of salivary marginal zone B-cell lymphomaprelymphoma 前淋巴瘤涎腺发育不全gland Hashimoto's 桥本甲状腺炎static bony cavity 静止骨腔涎腺发育异常 development anomalies 鼻唇囊肿 nasolabial cyst cyst新生儿牙板囊肿 dental lamina cyst 鼻腭管囊肿 of salivary gland nasopalatine duct cyst ofthe newborn 鼻牙槽囊肿涎腺放线菌病 actinomycosis of nasoalveolar cyst牙旁囊肿 paradental cyst salivary glands 残余囊肿 residual cyst成人龈囊肿tuberculosis of salivary gingival cyst of adults 牙源性产粘液囊肿 mucus producing 涎腺结核gland 发育性根侧囊肿 lateral periodontal odontogenic cystsalivary gland cyst 牙源性角化囊肿 odontogenic cyst 涎腺囊肿keratocyst degenerative 涎腺退行性肿大根尖囊肿 radicular cyst牙源性囊肿 odontogenic cyst 含牙囊肿 dentigerous cyst swelling of salivary gland涎腺先天性缺失 congenital absence 畸胎样囊肿 teratoid cyst 炎症性根侧囊肿 inflammatorycollateral cyst of salivary gland 即婴儿龈囊肿 Bohn结节异位口腔胃肠囊肿甲状舌管囊肿 thyroglossal tract 涎腺炎 sialadenitis heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst cyst 涎腺异位 hetrotopic of saIivary婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst of infants pseudocyst 假性囊肿gland釉突 cervical enamel spur 颈部淋巴上皮囊肿涎腺症sialadenosis粘液囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst 腺癌 adenocarcinoma mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征腺淋巴瘤 adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤Gorlin 口腔淋巴上皮囊肿 oral 综合征 lymphoepithelial cyst 腺鳞癌 adenosquamous carcinoma痣样基底细胞癌综合征acinic cell carcinoma 滤泡囊肿follicular cyst naevoid basal 腺泡细胞癌cell carcinoma syndrome 腺样囊性癌 anchoring fibrils adenoid cystic carcinoma 锚纤维mucous retention腺泡复合体小管- 萌出囊肿 eruption cyst 潴留性粘液囊肿cystdermoid cyst tubelo-acinae-complexs 皮样囊肿小细胞癌 small cell carcinoma 皮样样囊肿发epidermoidincisive canal cyst切牙管囊肿 lobular carcinoma小叶状癌牙源性肿瘤第十八章incisive fossa 切牙窝 haemangioma 血管瘤 mural ameloblastoma 壁成釉细胞瘤globlo-maxillary cyst 球状上颌囊肿血型物质blood group substances classic 标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤鳃裂囊肿mucoepidermoid 粘液表皮样癌 branchial cleft cyst intraosseous ameloblastomaepithelial plaque carcinoma 上皮斑成牙骨质细胞瘤 cementoblastomaadenomatoid 粘液腺腺瘤样增生 ranula 舌下囊肿dental formative tissue 成牙组织透明小体Rushton body hyerplasia of mucous glands ameloblastoma 成釉细胞瘤extravasation 外渗性粘液囊肿lectin receptors mucous 植物血凝素受体成釉细胞肉瘤 ameloblastic sarcoma终末导管癌 teminal duct carcinomacyst ameloblastic fibroma 成釉细胞纤维瘤mandibular Metastasizing 下颌感染性颊囊肿转移性多形性腺瘤 ameloblatic 成釉细胞纤维肉瘤pleomorphic adenomainfected buccal cyst fibrosarcoma组织多肽抗原median mandibular cyst tissuce peptide下颌正中囊肿ameloblastic成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤sialo-odontogenic TPA ，涎腺牙源性囊肿 antigen fibrodentinomacyst ameloblastic 成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤glandular odontogenic腺牙源性囊肿fibrodentinsarcoma 口腔颌面部囊肿第十七章．成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤 ameloblastic 牙源性癌肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma 粘液瘤牙源性钙化囊肿 calcifying myxoma fibro-odontosarcoma粘液纤维瘤odontogenic cyst ,COC myxofibroma 丛状型 plexiform patterncalcifying 真性牙骨质瘤 true cementoma 丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤 plexiform 牙源性钙化囊性瘤cystic odontogenic tumorunicystic ameloblastoma 中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）centralgiant cell lesion （granuloma 促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤）牙源性钙化上皮瘤 calcifying周边型peripheral ameloblastoma epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤 unicystic 周边性牙源性纤维瘤 peripheral 瘤odontogenic fibromaameloblastoma keratocystic 牙源性角化囊性瘤恶性成釉细胞瘤 malignant odontogenic tumour转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing （牙源性颗粒细胞瘤 granular cell malignant）ameloblastomaameloblastomaodontogenic tumor 反折线 reversal linesquamous 牙源性鳞状细胞瘤组合性牙瘤非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生 non-neoplastic compound odontomaodontogenic tumor thickened folliclemalignant change in 牙源性囊肿恶变 osseous dysplasias 骨异常增殖症口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤第十九章混合性牙瘤complex odontoma odontogenic cysts 和瘤样病变基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤 basal cell odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性肉瘤border irregularity 边缘不规则clear cell ameloblastoma 牙源性透明细胞癌asymmetry 不对称odontogenic carcinoma acanthomatous type 棘皮瘤型多形性车轮状-clear cell malformation 牙源性透明细胞瘤畸形storiform-pleomorphicodontogenic tumor 极性倒置 reversed polarity 成人型纤维肉瘤 adult fibrosarcoma角化成釉细胞瘤odontogenic fibroma keratoameloblastoma 牙源性纤维瘤 ameloblastic carcinoma 成釉细胞癌adenomatoid 牙源性腺样瘤颗粒细胞型granular cell type 又称进展angioma tufted 丛状血管瘤benign 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤 odontogenic tumor, AOT (progressive capillary 性毛细血管瘤odontogenic 牙源性龈上皮错构瘤cementoblastoma 血管母细胞瘤、Nakagawa hemangioma)follicular pattern 滤泡型gingival epithelial hamartoma ）angioblastoma of （Nakagawa牙源性影细胞癌玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure odontogenic ghost arteriovenous 动静脉性血管瘤。