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2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）第九讲—定语从句【复习概览】一、命题要求定语从句考点是英语高考必考点之一。
在高考中主要考查点有：定语从句关系词、定语从句的先行词、定语从句中的主谓一致、定语从句中的时态等。
二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空；2.阅读理解中的复杂句子；2.书面表达。
从句在语法填空中是必考点。
2022年从句考点还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。
在这个考点上一定多下工夫，不管花费多大的精力，让学生掌握这个考点都不为过，因为，打开2022年的高考试卷，必然会有非谓语动词。
【基础巩固】知识点：定语从句必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词+ 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。
主语、宾语。
】whom 【先行词为人。
宾语。
】that【先行词为物/人。
主语、宾语。
】which 【先行词为物。
主语、宾语。
】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词（物/人）+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句【典例】1. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.2.[2021·八省1月联考]I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way _______ made me rethink the power of my words.3.[2021·八省1月联考]That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, _______ had recently joined the shop.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
2024届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句导学案（含答案）2024年高考英语一轮复习——定语从句导学案定语从句概述定语从句（Adjective Clause）是指在复合句中用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。
这个从句通常由关系词引导，将句子中关系密切的内容用一个句子来表示。
1. 定语从句的引导词：引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
关系副词有：where、when、why。
2. 关系词在定语从句中的作用：关系词在定语从句中充当一部分语法成分，并引导定语从句与主句之间的关系。
关系代词的作用有：代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
关系副词的作用有：代替先行词所表示的抽象内容，引导定语从句所缺少的成分。
3. 定语从句的位置和结构：定语从句通常位于先行词之后，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。
定语从句的结构与简单句相似，包括主语、谓语和其他修饰成分，只是其主语通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
4. 定语从句的特点：定语从句既起着修饰作用，又起着句子成分的作用。
它插入到主句中，可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
以下是几个例子来说明定语从句的应用：- The book that you borrowed from the library is very interesting.（你从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
）- The student who won the competition received a scholarship.（赢得比赛的那位学生获得了奖学金。
）- This is the place where we met last summer.（这是我们去年夏天见面的地方。
）- Do you know the reason why he resigned from his job （你知道他为什么辞去工作吗？）通过使用定语从句，我们可以给予更多关于名词或代词的描述和信息，帮助读者更好地理解句子含义。
2022-2023学年九年级英语全一册单元模块满分必刷题（人教版）Unit 9【刷语法】(重点语法提升练)定语从句和关系代词定语从句概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.↓↓↓先行词引导词从句（定语从句）【难点突破1】关系词的选用：关系代词指代在定从中所作成例句分which物主语宾语Lucy likes music which is gentle.that人、物主语宾语Lucy likes music that is gentle.The girl that has long hair is his sister.who人主语宾语The girl who has long hair is his sister.whom人宾语He is the student that/who/whom I like best.whose人的、物的定语I like those books whose topics are about history.注意：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
一、单项选择1．（2022·四川成都·中考真题）Rome is an ancient city _______ is full of places of interest.A．where B．which C．who2．（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）—What do you think of the Monkey King?—I think he’s a hero ________ keeps fighting to help the weak people.A．who B．where C．whose3．（2021·四川甘孜·中考真题）—Do you know the girl ________ is standing over there?—Yes. She is my sister.A．when B．where C．who D．which4．（2021·四川巴中·中考真题）The app “MAYI” encourages people to give away the clothes ________ they don’t need to the poor.A．what B．whom C．who D．that5．（2021·西藏·中考真题）We’ll never forget the heroes ________ bring people hope in difficult times. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who6．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now? —Of course. She is Wang Yaping.A．which B．whom C．who7．（2022·吉林·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.A．which B．who C．what8．（2022·湖北恩施·中考真题）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.A．which B．that C．who9．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）The boys __________ are playing football are from Class One. A．which B．who C．whose10．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）I can’t forget the teachers and the university ________ I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.A．that B．which C．what11．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．whom C．which12．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher?—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our13．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）Students love the teachers ________ are outgoing and humorous. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose14．（2022·四川·乐山市教育科学研究所中考真题）— What kind of books do you like best?— I like books ________ are about science and technology.A．who B．whom C．which15．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?—Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it.A．that; more touching B．what; less touching C．that; more touched D．which; less touched 16．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）— Tom, what kind of stories do you prefer?— The ones ________ have a happy ending.A．that B．who C．those D．whom17．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now?—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.A．that B．who C．what D．who18．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ will live in our heart forever.A．which B．who C．what19．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Volunteering is a meaningful activity.—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs. A．whom B．what C．who D．which20．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）—What kind of music do you like, Linda?—I like music ________ I can dance to.A．when B．that C．what21．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）— Jeff, what are you watching?— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.A．who B．whom C．whose22．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）He ________ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. A．whom B．/C．which D．who23．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like?—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.A．whom give B．who gives C．which give D．that gives 24．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—How exciting the speech is!—Pretty good! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.A．which B．that C．who25．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Do you know the boy ________ is standing under the tree?A．who B．which C．where二、完成句子26．（2022·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）孔子是一位著名的哲学家，他的至理名言对不同国家的许多人产生了影响。
定语从句语法知识精讲定语从句一、考点梳理。
1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。
[例]She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these[答案]C[例] By serving others,a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A. whoB.whichC.whatD.that[答案]B[解析]which在此引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，表示前面所提到的情况。
[例] Chan's restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A. thatB.whichC.whoD. where[答案]B[解析]which used to be poorly run为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的Chan's restaurant。
2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。
它的意思是“正如〞，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。
[例]____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB.AfterC.AsD. Since[答案]C[解析]as引导非限制性定语从句，其意为“正如〞。
考点09 定语从句（解析版）【命题趋势】考生在定语从句的学习过程中存在着以下几个问题：(1)考生不能区分定语从句；(2)关系代词与关系副词的选择混乱，不清楚关系代词与关系副词的使用情况；(3)习惯性以翻译的方式来理解定语从句、同位语从句，而使自己陷入困境之中；(4)由于对句型结构分析不到位，经常出现代词与关系代词错用的情况。
【重要考向】一、关系代词引导的定语从句；二、关系副词引导的定语从句；三、“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句；四、as引导的定语从句；考向一【2021浙江卷语法填空】BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ______gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.【参考答案】that / which 考查定语从句/关系代词。
根据句意和句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词，而先行词tool为物，故此处填关系代词that或which。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语等。
1．who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest lastyear.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。
2．whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。
指物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”来代替。
“The Attributive Clause----定语从句”教案课型：语法知识课一、教学目标知识目标：1．熟悉定语从句的概念、句法结构和作用以及先行词和关系代词的位置和作用。
2. 掌握关系代词that, which, who, whose的基本用法。
能力目标：能够在真实的交际环境中正确应用关系代词that, which, who, whose引导的定语从句。
德育目标：1.通过模仿、操练和观察，学会演绎和归纳定语从句的基础知识。
2.通过游戏，学会合作，建立自信心和集体荣誉感以及综合运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力情感目标：通过学习调动学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。
二、重点难点1.了解定语从句的句法作用和结构，特别是关系代词的正确使用；2．作定语用的关系代词whose的用法三、学情分析语法向来是学生头痛的一项内容，而定语从句在历来的高考试题中都有所体现，因此,掌握这一内容显得尤其重要。
我所教的高二班级学生为普通生，英语的基础比较差，再加上传统的语法教学基本以呈现理论为主再辅以练习，相对枯燥，学生兴趣不够，容易分散注意力，所以应溶入一些新的教学元素。
这个年龄的学生争强好胜，喜欢新事物，于是我考虑借用大家感兴趣的话题促进学生的热情，增强学习的效果。
四、教学方法以学生为主体，尝试创新思维，联系生活采用讨论、协作、探究的小组活动和语法规则自主归纳演绎的教学模式，引导学生灵活运用所学语法知识。
五、教学手段利用多媒体计算机、网络资源、自制音像等创设教学情景、问题情景，扩大教学容量，增强教学的趣味性和时效性。
（设计依据：《新课程标准》要求教师在教学中要以学生为主体，采用研究性学习方法，寓教于乐。
检验一节课成功与否，不是教师讲了多少，而是以学生的学习效果为评价标准。
因此我借助多媒体，用老师和学生的图片力求使枯燥的语法生动趣味化；并且考虑学生英语基础的实际情况，教学过程也要体现素质教育的全体性，因此设计任务循序渐进，由浅入深，由易到难，导引学生参与整个学习过程，获得更佳的学习效果及发展智力，提高思维，观察，注意，记忆，想象，联想等能力。
专题09 定语从句常考点09 定语从句【典例1】用单词的适当形式完成句子1．Do you know the people and things ________ they are talking about?【答案】that【详解】考查定语从句。
句意：你知道他们谈论的人和事吗?分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people and things，关系词代替先行词people and things在定语从句中作talking about后的宾语，应使用关系代词引导该定语从句；又因当先行词既指人又指物时，只能使用关系代词that引导定语从句，本题中先行词people and things既有人又有物，所以只能用that引导该从句。
故填that。
2．Technology has quickened the rate at ________ we communicate with the world around us.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。
句意：技术加快了我们与世界上的人进行交流的速度。
这里是定语从句，先行词是rate，在从句中作介词at的宾语，指物，用关系代词which，故填which。
3．The river the banks of ________ are covered with trees flows to the sea.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。
句意：这条两岸长满树木的河流向大海。
句中先行词为rivers，在定语从句中作the banks of 的宾语，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以用关系代词which引导。
根据句意，故填which。
4．Library is always the first place ________ he goes to when he feels upset.【答案】that【详解】考查定语从句。
第1讲定语从句题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The GPNP isintended to provide stronger protectionfor all the species that live within theGiant Panda Range and significantlyimprove the health of the ecosystem inthe area.2.(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100kilometer journey，the man CaoShengkang，who lost his eyesight at theage of eight in a car accident，crossed40 cities and counties in three provinces.3.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Because the moon'sbody blocks direct radio communicationwith a probe，China first had to put asatellite in orbit above the moon in a spotwhere it could send signals to thespacecraft and to Earth.4.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient Chinalived an artist whose paintings werealmost lifelike.5.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)The 80，000objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，formed the core collection1.考查定语从句中的关系代词；2.考查定语从句中的关系副词。
专题九定语从句考点精讲考点一关系词的用法关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分who 指人的词主语、宾语、表语whom 指人的词宾语whose 指人或物的词定语that 指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语which 指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语as 指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语when 表示时间的名词时间状语where 表示地点的名词地点状语why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语有些在语言学习上很有成就的人，在其他领域常常一无所成。
I have many friends to whom I'm going to send postcards．我有很多朋友，我打算寄明信片给他们。
Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly．很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。
He will tell you everything that he heard about it．他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。
This is the factory(which/that)we visited last year．这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。
As we know，smoking is harmful to one's health．众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
There are occasions when(＝on which)one must yield．任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(＝in which) I was born．北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why(＝for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？特别提示： whose指人或物，作定语。
表示“……的”，可以转换为“of ＋关系代词”，指人时可以用of whom，指物时可以换成of which。
The prize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination．所写故事最具想象力的作家将获奖。
对他来说世界上好像没有不可能的事。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？My house，which I bought last year，has got a lovely garden．我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear．他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。
What's that which was put in the car?被放入车内的是什么？1先行词是表示时间的名词，从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，引导词常用关系副词when，when在从句中充当时间状语，也可用“介词＋which”结构代替。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school．我还记得我第一次来这所学校的那天。
The film brought the hours back to me，when I was taken good care of in that faraway village．这部电影把我带回到在那个偏僻的村子我被细心照顾的岁月。
The book was written in 1946，since when the education system has witnessed great changes．这本书写于1946年。
自那时以来，教育制度已经历了巨大的变化。
2．关系副词where引导的定语从句(1)先行词是表示地点的名词时，从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，引导词常用关系副词where，where在从句中充当地点状语。
Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display．简停留在一个柜台前，一些吸引人的领带摆在那儿。
(2)有时先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词，像activity，business，career，case，job，point，position，race，stage，situation等，当从句中缺少状语时，用关系副词where。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other．他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently．把孩子放在一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的处境中对他们是有帮助的。
3．关系副词why引导的定语从句关系副词why引导定语从句时，修饰表示原因的名词。
只能在定语从句中作原因状语，可用for which代替，有时也可以省略。
The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was that he lacked practice．因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。
1句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；③句子的意思。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country．我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。
2．表示“整体和部分关系”或所属关系以及同位关系时，常用介词of。
在some，any，few，none，all，both，neither，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are the family members．约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。
3．有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees．他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。
(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)1．as意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。
As everybody knows，China is a developing country．众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。
2．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容时，意为“这，这一点”。
Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true．莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成现实。
3．as常用在下列习惯用语中。
as (it) often happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。
He shouts when he gets angry，as is often the case．他生气时就大叫，这是常有的情形。
4．“such/so．．．as．．．”表“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem as none of us worked out．上学期我们数学老师出了一道很难的考试题，没有一个人能解出来。
5．“the same．．．that．．．”表同一个人或物，而“the same．．．as．．．”表同种类的东西。
I would like to use the same tool as you used yesterday．我想用你昨天使用的那种工具。
I would like to use the same tool that you used yesterday．我想用你昨天使用的那件工具。
考点六定语从句中的主谓一致1是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。
The recorder that has been given to me is homemade．给我的那台录音机是国产的。
2．“one of＋复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词常用复数，但当one前有the，the only，the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。
He is one of the students who have made great progress．他是取得很大进步的学生之一。
难点释疑难点一先行词是way时，关系词的选用先行词是way时，若关系词在从句中充当方式状语，关系词用in which，that或省略；若关系词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语时，关系词用that或which，且作宾语时，关系词可省略。
试比较：It must be the way(that/in which) you write that leads to your ugly handwriting．一定是你写字的方式导致了你难看的书写。
The way (that/which) you came up with at the meeting yesterday is well worth trying．昨天你在会议上提出的方法很值得一试。
难点二先行词是time时，关系词的选用先行词是time时，如果time作“次数”讲，应当用关系代词that来引导定语从句；time 作“时刻”“一段时间”讲时，若关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词when或at/in/during which，若关系词在从句中作主语、宾语等，则用that/which。
