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英语常见修辞Figures of Speech 修辞Figures of speech are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech 文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。
而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。
下面介绍一些英语文章中常用的修辞手法。
1.比喻：比喻就是打比方。
可分为明喻和暗喻：1）simile(明喻)A simile is a comparison introduced by the words like, as, as…as, as if(though)or other words. It compares two things that differ in most ways, but are strikingly alike in some way.Eg. 1. Leaves drifted down from the maple tree like tiny parachutes.2. The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel.3. He jumped as if he had been stung.2）metaphor（暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlikeelements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.Eg. 1. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.2. All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merelyplayers. (William Shakespeare)（整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。
高级英语修辞总结HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
1．修辞手法1.Simile 明喻Eg. O my love's like a red,red rose.That man can not be trusted.He is as slippery as an eel 黄鳝She likes an apple in her eyes.2.Metaphor暗喻Eg. The picture of those poor people's lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.There was a medieval magnificence about the big dining hall.The street faded into a country road with straggling houses by it.There was a few lordly poplars before the house.All his former joy was drowned in the embarrassment and confusion he was feeling at the moment.Independent would not be a trial seperation,but would be a painful divorce.3.Personification 拟人Eg . Youth is hot and bold,age is weak and cold.The match will soon be over and defeat is staring us in the face.The storm was raging and an angry sea was continuously tossing抛their boat.4.Metonymy 借喻转喻不直接说明而是以另外一个与之相关的事物来说明Sword and cross in hand,the European conquerors fell upon the Americas.When the war was over,he lay down the sword and took up the pen.弃武从文His purse钱包would not allow him that luxuryThe kettle boils 水开了The room sat slient. 全屋人安静的坐着。
SSAT阅读题型解题技巧及常见修辞手法大全SSAT阅读主要有五大题型，即主旨大意题、细节题、词汇题、作者态度题、推理题。
可乐留学小编分享的就是SSAT阅读题型解题技巧及常见的修辞手法，考生可以根据下文提供的SSAT阅读题型的解题思路来提高自己的阅读成绩~SSAT阅读题型及解题技巧如下：题型一、主旨大意题主旨大意题一般是阅读考试中的必考题型之一，如果考生想要取得高分的话，一定要记住文章的主体，在选择正确选项的时候，一定不能脱离这个主体，大家如果遇到徘徊不定的选项，一定要学会用倒推法，就是把按照选项重新展开一篇文章，并且与原文做对比，不吻合的就排除。
选项容易出现的问题：以偏概全，过分宽泛。
另外，大家一定要注意作者写作目的和中心意思的细微区别。
ps：一般文章的主旨会在文章1/3处或者1/4处时出现，考生一般需要注意第一段，结尾段，每段第一句。
题型二、细节题细节题主要是考察学生的信息处理能力和回读能力。
考生一定要学会去找关键词准确定位，并且认真研读定位的句子。
一种是五个疑问方式：例如(what, when ,why ,what,where,how)另一种是修辞手法：明喻(simile)，暗喻(metaphor)，借代(metonymy)，双关(pun)，拟人(personification)，拟物(zoosemy)，拟声(onomatopoeia)，夸张(hyperbole, exaggeration, overstatement)，轻描淡写(understatement)，排比(parallelism)，反复(repetition)，反问(rhetorical question)，设问(question)，引用(citation, quotation)，反语(irony, satire, sarcasm)，对比(contrast)，头韵(alliteration，)委婉语(euphemism)。
题型三、词汇题在阅读文章的时候，经常会遇到一些不认识的单词，考生可以结合语境理解词义，也可以通过词的词性来选择，另外考生可以将每个选项的词都放在文中通过排除法来选择正确的那一个!(小编这里有一个很棒的方法，考生点请点击【SSAT阅读中的生词该如何应对？】查看)ps：注意特殊的标点如冒号，破折号，括号，引号，逗号以及起解释作用的定语从句，同位语，排比句。
大学英语教学中的矛盾修辞法作者：于景梅来源：《科技创新导报》2012年第06期摘要：作为一种特殊的语言现象，矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron)为语言学习者呈现出耳目一新的感觉，使我们暂时摆脱了语言学习的枯燥乏味。
矛盾修辞法所体现出的出人意料及引人入胜的修辞效果具有强烈的感染力，在大学英语教学中系统教授与讲解矛盾修辞法的结构及语用功能不仅激发了学生对英语语言的兴趣，而且从很大程度上提升了他们阅读理解的能力。
关键词：矛盾修辞法，大学英语教学，语用功能中图分类号: G64 文献标识码：Ａ文章编号：1674-098X(2012)02(c)-0000-00;1 矛盾修辞法的概念矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron) 源于希腊语oxusmoros 一词，这个词本身就是一种矛盾修辞，因为它的词义为“聪明的愚蠢”。
矛盾修辞法是把含义相互对立和矛盾的词语搭配使用而构成一个短语，《新牛津英语词典》把它定义为“两个截然相反的词相连的一种修辞格”。
纵观中西方文学史，矛盾修辞法的运用十分普遍，文学家和诗人们钟情于这种修辞手法所带来的发人深省和启迪人类智慧的效果，也使广大读者沉醉于文字的魅力之中难以自拔。
作为一种特殊的修辞格，矛盾修辞法表面上看不合逻辑、令人费解；仔细品味却令人印象深刻，流连忘返。
2 矛盾修辞法的构成矛盾修辞法的特点即在于通过表层含义的自相矛盾和对立来揭示和深化事物内部的和谐统一进而概括事物的本质特征，具备深刻的哲学意味和丰富的感情色彩。
2.1 形容词+名词sweet sorrow 甜蜜的忧愁； glorious defeat 虽败犹荣；eloquent silence 有说服力的沉默2.2 现在分词+名词living death虽生犹死；speaking silence 千言万语的静默；walking dead 行尸走肉2.3 名词+名词a life-and-death struggle 生死悠关； feather of lead 羽毛重似铅铁；miser‟s generosity 吝啬鬼的慷慨大方2.4 形容词+形容词bitter sweet memories 喜忧参半的记忆；the most famous unknown figure 最著名的不为人知的人物；2.5 副词+形容词agreeably surprised 又惊又喜2.6 副词+动词sweetly ache 甜蜜的痛2.7 副词+动词过去分词agreeably graved 悲喜交加3 矛盾修辞法的语用功能矛盾修辞法属于语义修辞格（Lexical Stylistic Devices）的一种，语义修辞格主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。
Figures of speechI. Passive Rhetoric Techniques1. Try to shed a few extra pounds?2. Studies show these efforts may shave off the pounds quickly.3. Here are ten simple strategies that can help melt away your fat forever.4. …like a logical way to pee l off a few pounds.5. …roughly the amount needed to burn off one pound.6. You must eat less to lose weight.7. A key obstacle to dropping extra pounds is after-dinner snacking.8. 10 Ways to Lose Pounds.Don’t take the low-fat label as a license to eat.However, there are plenty of people who like tennis. It is the megagame.II. Active Rhetoric Techniques1. Lexical Stylistic Devicessimile （明喻）metaphor（暗喻）, metonymy（转喻，借代）, synecdoche (提喻）, personification（拟人）, transferred epithet（移就，移觉，通感）, hyperbole（夸张）, understatement（低调，含蓄的陈述）, euphemism （委婉语）, pun（双关）, syllepsis（异叙，一语双叙）, zeugma（粘连，共轭）, paradox（似非而是的隽语）, oxymoron: (矛盾修饰法）, parody（仿拟，仿辞）, anagram （重新组合）, epigram (警句）,allusion （引喻，典故）,antonomasia (换喻）, nicknaming (绰号) , irony（反语）, innuendo (暗讽）sarcasm (讽刺）2. Syntactical Stylistic Devicesantithesis（反衬，对照）, parallelism（平行结构）, repetition（反复）, catchword repetition（联珠）, chiasmus （回文）, climax (渐进，层进), anticlimax（突降）rhetoric question（设问）3. Phonetic Stylistic Devicesalliteration（头韵）, onomatopoeia（拟声）e.g.1)He is like a dog with two tails. They live like fighting cocks. I am something of a musician.Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford was to cars.The check fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing.2) He is a fox. The world is a stage.It takes two to tango, and the United States has no particular reason to want conclude the bipolar superpower dance that has been going on since 1945.So, during any five-week shape-up, focus more on the tape measure than on the bathroom scale.3) The pen is mightier than the sward. The kettle’s boiling.This old man is very fond of bottles.We’re short of hands.Great minds think alike. He decided to go into the bar after college.4) He has many mouths to feed in his family. My TV is out of order. She was dressed in silks.All the wit and learning of the world were assembled there. She has a smooth tongue.There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman. He reads Shakespeare.5) The wind whistled through the trees. Necessity is the mother of invention. She is the favored child of Fortune。
