Four Minutes That Get You Hired

06 Passage 1Lane waited on the bench nearest the bridge, as he had been instructed. The strong cold wind blew straight across the river, and he had to pull his overcoat closer about him.He went over his instructions in his mind. The agent would appear at four o'clock. He would chat to Lane for a while, after which he would get up, leaving his newspaper behind. The plans would be found inside.A distant clock began to strike the hour. As if from nowhere, a man appeared and sat down beside Lane, placing his newspaper on the seat between them. He was thin and middle-aged, and seemed in need of a good meal. He didn't look like a successful spy, Lane thought. He bore no resemblance to Lane's idea of a successful spy. His conversation about the weather was painfully uninteresting.A few minutes later he got up and continued on his way. Lane picked up the paper which lay on the bench, as if he wanted to look at the news. He was excited to see the plans, pinned to the centre page. At that moment, however, there was a strong gust of wind which lifted the newspaper into the air, like a kite, and blew it into the river.1. Sitting on the bench, Lane ____.[A] memorized his orders[B] recited his orders[C] tried to remember his orders[D] repeated his orders to himself2. The agent was going to give Lane some important ____.[A] papers[B] information[C] instructions[D] advice3. Lane found the agent very ____.[A] impressive[B] peculiar[C] ordinary[D] well-fed4. The agent left the newspaper ____.[A] by arrangement[B] at Lane's request[C] by mistake[D] out of kindness5. Lane ____.[A] got rid of the plans quickly[B] lost the plans[C] threw the plans away[D] managed to save the plans06 Passage 2Do you want a car? Many people want to get rid of (摆脱) their cars, and they are doing just that. Police say that about 110 cars are abandoned every night in New York city.Why do people leave their cars to be towed (拖) away by the police? Maybe the car just doesn't run any more. It would have to be towed to the junk dealer. Besides the cost of towing, the car owners would have to find a way to get home from the junk yard. This might cost money, too. So the license plates are removed, and the car is abandoned.How can the police stop people from filling the streets with abandoned cars? Faced with about 21,000 abandoned cars a year, the Chicago police made a plan. They checked engine registration numbers and were able to find the owners of the cars. Then the owners were charged for the towing. So far, the plan has turned the problem into a profit. The city has collected almost a million dollars from the towing, and sale of abandoned cars.Even if the city police can stop people from abandoning cars, we still must face the problem of cars that wear out. At present, there are about 40 million cars in junk yards across the country, and that number keeps going up.How can the U.S. Get rid of its large and growing car junk yards? A U.S. Senator from Illinois said that the government should use the tax collected on new cars to pay for the "burial" of old cars.If you're thinking of looking for and fixing up an abandoned car, forget it! You have to have a bill of sale or title from the owner before you can get new license plates.6. The author's purpose is ____.[A] to call for a tax on new cars[B] to praise the Chicago police[C] to tell about the problem of abandoned and worn-out cars[D] to tell you how to get a car7. From the information in this article, you could not say that ____.[A] abandoned cars are a nuisance[B] worn-out cars are piling up in junk yards[C] Chicago police found a solution to abandoned cars[D] if you want a car, find one that's been abandoned8. If one has to drive a car legally, one has to ____.[A] have a license plate[B] pay for the towing of the car[C] get rid of his old car properly[D] pay for the burial of his old car9. In this selection, the word "tow" probably means ____.[A] sell[B] drag[C] throw[D] collect10. A word opposite in meaning to "profit" is ____.[A] expense[B] gain[C] loss[D] payment06 Passage 3About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people. Many of these words are technical words. When there is a new invention or discovery, a new word may be created after the inventor or scientist.It is interesting to observe how many common words have found their way into the language from the names of people. Lord(贵族) Sandwich who lived from 1718--1792 used to sit at the gambling(赌博) table eating slices of bread with meat in between. As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friends began to call the bread "sandwich" for fun. Later on the word became part of the English language.The word "boycott" means to refuse to have anything with somebody or something. It comes from a man called Captain Boycott. He was a land agent in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes (税) for an English landowner in Ireland. But the Captain was a very hard man. He treated his poor tenants (房客) very badly. His tenants decided not to speak to him at all. Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed. The word "boycott" became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.11. A few hundred ____come from the names of people.[A] new inventions[B] languages[C] English words[D] new discoveries12. Lord Sandwich was fond of ____.[A] eating out all the time[B] sitting with his friends[C] playing games with words[D] taking bread with meat13. "Sandwich" is a word created by ____.[A] Lord Sandwich[B] scientists[C] the friends of Lord Sandwich[D] inventors14. The tenants did not like____.[A] to collect rents and taxes[B] the English landowner[C] the cruel land agent[D] to speak15. When the landowner found out that the tenants were boycotting his land agent, he ____.[A] dismissed(解雇) the agent[B] praised the agent[C] removed the poor tenants[D] increased the rents and taxes06 Passage 4In the past ten years several experts have tried to teach language to apes. One American psychologist trained his ape named Sarah to make sentences on a computer. Another American scientist trained an ape named Washoe to make signs for words. A third American scientist also trained an ape named Nim Chimpsky to use sign language. Nim learned over a hundred signs for different words. But can we say that these apes learned language?Dr. Herbert Terrace of New York City is a psychologist. He wanted to study the language ability of apes. He decided that he would raise a young ape in his home. He would send this ape to school, and teachers would teach him sign language. Then doctor Terrace would give different language tests to the ape. By this experiment he would discover if apes could learn language.Dr.Terrace's ape, a chimpanzee named Nim Chimpsky, went to nursery school at Columbia University. There he had special teachers who taught him signs for English words. These teachers worked with Nim for five hours every day. They treated Nim lovingly and patiently. In four months Nim learned the signs for 125 words.But during the next two years Nim's language did not improve very much. Nim still had a small vocabulary. Most of Nim's words were nouns for visible things such as table or apple. Nim learned a few active verbs such as bite. Jump, and hurry. He also learned some basic colors such as blue and red. Nim would often use two or three words together. He might make signs that said, "Nim eat apple." This seemed like an English sentence. But Nim would also use signs meaning "eat Nim apple. " This is not a correct English sentence.Dr. Terrace decided that Nim could not really learn language as humans can. For example, Nim never created new words. He never added new information to his sentence. Nim couldn't even begin sentences. He would only give responses to his teachers' questions. Will future experiments show that apes can learn language? Dr. Terrace doesn't think so.16. The main purpose of the several experiments with apes is to ____.[A] make sure how many words an ape can master[B] discover whether apes have the ability to learn language[C] know whether sign language will be acceptable in the future[D] decide the differences between humans and apes17. How long did the experiment with Nim last?____[A] 24 months [B] 4 months [C] 14 months [D] 28 months18. Nim's vocabulary was largely ____.[A] nouns for things he saw [B] verbs that were active[C] words for things at school [D] words for things he could eat19. Which of the following is Not True?____[A] Dr. Terrace raised Nim in his home [B] Dr. Terrace hired special teachers for Nim[C] Dr. Terrace taught Nim language [D] Dr. Terrace tested Nim's vocabulary20. Which of the following is Not True?____[A] Nim learned more nouns than verbs and adjectives[B] Nim had a small vocabulary after 4 months of learning [C] Nim often used two or three words at a time [D] Nim learned to speak English in four months21. Dr. Terrace finally decided that apes could not learn language mainly because ____.[A] they can hardly answer humans' questions[B] they can not make themselves understood[C] they can never learn in an active and creative way [D] all of the above22. The passage tells us that ____.[A] apes don't have language ability [B] Dr. Terrace is not a good psychologist[C] apes can learn signs for nouns and verbs [D] talking apes can only be a future possibility[总题数:22;总分数:44分;总参考时间:44分0秒]。

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Part I Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）（20%）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet.For questions I - 7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Learn to Behave When Lost in the WoodsLions and tigers and bears, oh, my!It can happen to even an Eagle Scout: The trail disappears, directions get confused, and a sudden turn in the weather forces you away from familiar landmarks. All of a sudden, the thin chain between you and civilization has broken. You're not just Getting Away From It All... you’re lost.But take heart: Losing your way doesn’t have to mean losing your head. Follow the tips in this tutorial to minimize the danger to yourself, and to keep yourself from getting even more lost. You’ll notice that the title of this passage is not “Learn to Get Un-Lost”but “Learn to Behave When Lost in the Woods”. The goal here is not to turn you into a wilderness orientation expert (or a survival expert), but to make it as easy as possible for others to find you safe and sound.“Be Prepared”is the Boy Scout motto, and if you don't believe in making some kind of preparations, you have no business being out in the woods in the first place. Being lost doesn’t kill people; it's the doings without (food, clothing, shelter, medical attention) that does them in.Whether packing for an afternoon picnic or a weeklong hiking, observe the Rule of Change: Prepare not only for the weather conditions that exist when you start out, but for the weather that weather can turn into. You don't need to take an umbrellawhen you’re hiking Death Valley (unless you want some shade), but you should cram a rainhat in your pack in Yosemite, even the forecast calls for sunshine. You don’t need a parka for that day trip, but your clothing should add up to several layers: Put them on or peel them off as the temperature dictates.You should always, always bring matches or a lighter. Put them in your backpack right now—go on, we’ll wait and don't take them out when you clean out your pack (do, however, check to make sure they’re still serviceable). Always bring more water than you expect to drink--and don’t drink it just because you have it. If your mouth is thirsty, you can moisten it with a single mouthful; you don’t need to chug down the bottle.The best way to avoid getting lost is (obviously) to keep to a trail, so resist the temptation to walk off into the virgin wild unless you know exactly what you’re doing. Besides being environmentally unfriendly and often illegal, straying from the trail is flirting with danger. Just as you can drown in an inch of water, you can get hopelessly lost in five minutes of pathless wandering. There’s just one more inflexible rule: Don’t leave for the outdoors unless there’s someone who’ll notice you haven’t returned. You don’t have to post a formal itinerary at the ranger’s office, but at least mention to a friend or family member where you’re going and when you expect to be back. For the price of a phone call, you can keep getting lost from becoming a permanent disappearance.Step One—Don’t PanicFirst of all, get a grip on yourself. Take ten slow, deep breaths (actually count them) if you do feel panicky. It's normal to feel scared, but keep in mind that all you’ve lost is a bit of information. An unknown patch of forest isn’t inherently more dangerous than a known patch. It's just unknown to you.Begin by acknowledging that you’re lost--or if you’re with one or more other people, by gently creating the consensus that you’re lost. Some folks tend to deny the situation, right up to the point where they march off a cliff. Don’t let macho (or macha) attitude endanger everyone.There are two common reactions you’ll want to avoid. One is panic, which usually triggers the flight response in humans. Running wildly around, even for a few minutes, could get you irretrievably lost (if not injured). The other reaction is overcompensation: Deciding that it’s time to play Robinson Crusoe of the Redwoods and trying to build a cabin, search for food, and lay in a cord of wood before nightfall. You may end up spending a night or so in the wild, but conserve your energy. Tired people don’t think as well as rested ones, and they require more food and water to keep going.Step Two--- Judge the SituationNow that you’re calm, collected and-not in denial, sit down and think things through. How long have you been lost? Mentally trace your thoughts back to the last point where you definitely knew your location. How long ago was that? In what general direction have you been traveling since then?If you have a compass, use it now to give your directional sense some bearings: We came from that away and that’s Northwest, but we started walking South--so thetrail must have slowly looped.., and so forth. Even if you don’t have a compass, try to approximate this kind of location-sense while your memories are fresh. If you don't have a compass, see Step 3.Now you have some decisions to make:If you haven’t been lost long and seem to be in relatively safe terrain (not surrounded by rockslides or thorn bushes, for instance), you may decide to retrace your steps. If so, skip to Step 3.If the circumstances suggest that further wandering may be dangerous (night is falling, cliff edges abound), then you may want to stay out and wait for rescue. If so, skip to Step 5.Step Three - Retrace your Steps (if appropriate)If you’ve decided to try and undo your error, then hike in the direction from which you came, keeping careful track not only of orientation but of time. If you’ve been lost for ten minutes but a ten-minute walk doesn’t return you to your trail, you’re just getting more lost. In such a case, pause and return to your original location, then try again.When retracing: Try tracking yourself. You weren’t on a trail, so you probably left tracks you can follow in reverse. One handy trick is to frequently look over your shoulder as you’re retracing--the idea is to recreate the view you had when you were walking there in the first place. Looking back might refresh your memory of a particular landmark, or help you recognize familiar terrain.If you don’t have a compass: To be certain you won’t stray from your intended direction, line up three landmarks in the direction you want to go, all following a straight line from your line of sight. Then walk in a beeline (i. e., as straight as possible), keeping the landmarks in sight.Leave a sign: As you go, it’s a good idea to leave markers, or a sign, to help potential rescuers locate you. Ways to leave a sign include dragging a heavy stick, propping up sticks or rocks in unnatural ways or making a flag from a stick and some trash or a cloth.Step Four--Try to Pick up a Trail (if appropriate)Can’t find your trail? If you’ve opted to stay mobile, you might want to pick up any old trail...any path that probably leads to somewhere, if only to a better path. In that case:Keep in mind that trails are usually in logical places, i.e. where the land will be more traversable. Search next to creeks or rivers, on or below ridges, and across meadows. Holding an eye to your present location, wander around in the immediate area, say 50 yards/meters in all directions. Like looking over your shoulder (see Step 3), the change in perspective may jog your memory. If you’re not alone you can range even further.Designate one person as the stay-put “anchor”, and have the others wander around within earshot. Have the anchor shout out periodically--yelling out the time every minute on the minute is a good idea.1. This tutorial’s goal is to turn you into a wilderness orientation expert or a survivalexpert.2. It is essential that you always bring matches, a lighter and a knife in your backpack and don’t take them out when you clean out your pack.3. According to the passage, if it’s daytime, it is unnecessary to build a fire.4. Give your friends or family members a phone call and tell them your return time, or you will lose the chance of being found in case you get lost in the woods.5. If you get lost, you should keep calm because all that you’ve lost maybe just a bit of information.6. One of the common reactions when you get lost is fear, which may cause you running around wildly.7. When you calm down a little bit, try to think twice and discuss how to find another way.8. If you’re lost for ten minutes but a ten-minute walk doesn’t return you to your trail, you'd better stop and .9. The passage in Step Three suggests that it’s a good idea to leave markers, or a sign to .10. Step Four mentions that trails are usually in logical places, try to seek trails near .Part II Vocabulary and Structure （30%）Directions: Choose the best answer you think fit to fill in the gaps of each sentence with the items given. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.11. Polar bears prefer to hunt seals on land or ice but may _____ them from under water.A. nearB. stalkC. swimD. approach12. After settling in the destination, Henry took me to a _____ restaurant for our anniversary.A. fancyB. expensiveC. elaborateD. fussy13. The working conditions in my new job are excellent, but _____, I am not impressed.A. for instanceB. for exampleC. for the restD. above the rest14. On the record I have just played, the first song _____ from all the others.A. stands forB. stands outC. stands up toD. stands up for15. I was shocked by his choice, but _____ it seems to me that he didn’t really have much alternative.A. on reflectionB. under considerationC. under reflectD. on no consideration16. He dare not ride any longer because he keeps falling off his bike. So his friends _____ him and called him a coward.A. behaveB. actC. directD. mocked17. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.A. regardB. countingC. accountD. observation18. The singer’s style _____ jazz and country music, creating a completely new tune.A. dealsB. correspondsC. agreesD. mingles19. At first the new boy was at the bottom of the class, but he soon _____ with the others.A. pull downB. pull inC. pull outD. pull up20. At the party we found that shy girl _____ her mother all the time.A. clinging toB. clinging onC. clinging withD. clinging in21. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he_____ himself .A. had injuredB. injuredC. injureD. would injure22. There is a lot of work to do. The garden requires _____ and the grass wants _____.A. being taken care of, being cutB. to take care of, to cutC. taking care of, cuttingD. to take care of, being cut23. They proposed _____ anything until the police got there.A. not to doB. not doingC. to doD. doing24. There is a possibility that, _____ a sudden loud noise, these animals could be frightened.A. being thereB. there wasC. there having beenD. should there be25. If law and order _____, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.A. are not preservedB. is not preservedC. were not preservedD. have not been preserved26. She can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework, _____ hard she tries.A. forB. whateverC. howeverD. because27. Jane was very busy last week. Otherwise she _____ to see you.A. cameB. would comeC. had comeD. would have come28. Our modern civilitzation must not be thought of as _____ in a short period of time.A. being createdB. to have been createdC. having been createdD. to be created29. _____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A. For nowB. Since thatC. Now thatD. By now30. Do you remember _____ to Professor Smith during your last visit?A. being introducedB. to be introducedC. having introducedD. to have been introducedPart III Reading Comprehension （Read in Depth）（30%）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Nowadays, is it possible to tell a person’s class just by looking at him? Physical details __31__ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years agothe working class very often looked unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often __32__, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such __33__ would no longer be so true. The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their __34__. The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer have money. Clothes can provide other __35__ as well. The upper classes __36__ to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colors, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colors, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are missing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is __37__. Clothes are __38__ at a price within most people’s reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some __39__ of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look __40__ and feel important. They want people to look at them.A) available B) background C) different D) tall E) totally F) takenG) descriptions H) degree I) clues J) alone K) appearL) consider M) full N) hobby O)fetchedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing.On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel”-- raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification. In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers’illegal status made them open to blackmail by terrorists.Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods. Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent. “We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it’s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of nationalsecurity, especially after Sept. 11, then you’re disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons”, Anderson said.If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. Aha Castro, a manager at a Ben & Jerry's ice cream shop at the airport, had been working 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid. Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation. Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry’s.41. According to the author, the United States claims to be a nation .A) composed of people having different values B) encouraging individual pursuitsC) sharing common interests D) founded on shared ideals42. How did the immigrants in Salt Lake City feel about "Operation Safe Travel"?A) Guilty B) Offended C) Disappointed D) Discouraged43. Undocumented workers became the target of “Operation Safe Travel”because .A) evidence was found that they were potential terroristsB) most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorist attacksC) terrorists might take advantage of their illegal statusD) they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport44. By saying “... we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are”(Line 2, Para. 3 ), Mayor Anderson means" ".A) we will turn a blind eye to your illegal statusB) we will examine the laws in a different wayC) there are other ways of enforcing the lawD) the existing laws must not be ignored45. What do we learn about Ana Castro from last paragraph?A) She will deported sooner or later B) she is allowed to stay permanently C) Her case has been dropped D) Her fate remains uncertainPassage TwoQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems—both legal and educational—for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million.Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway”youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.46. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eightiesB) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 citiesC) there is a serious shortage of academic facilitiesD) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education47. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.A) 350,000 B) 1,500,000 C) 440,000 D) 110,00048. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as childrenB) the homeless population is growing rapidlyC) the homeless children usually stay outside schoolD) some homeless children are deserted by their families49. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ___.A) the educational problems of homeless children are being recognizedB) the estimates on homeless children are hard to determineC) the address of grade-school children should be locatedD) all homeless people are entitled to free education50. The passage mainly deals with ____.A) the legal problems of the homeless childrenB) the educational problems of homeless childrenC) the social status of older malesD) estimates on the homeless populationPart IV Cloze （10%）Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blanks there are four choices marked A）B）C）and D）. You should choose the ONE that best fits intothe passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.It is an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that __51__evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, __52__are throwing the books at kids. __53__elementary school students are complaining of homework __54__. What’s a well-meaning parent to do?As hard as__55__may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, __56__ helping too much, or even examining __57__too carefully, you may keep them__58__doing it by themselves. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every__59__assignment,”says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. “There’s a __60__of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children__61__the grade they deserve.”Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their__62__. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be__63__,”she says.That’s not to say parents should__64__homework --first, they should monitor how much homework their kids__65__. “Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in__66__four, five, and six is standard”, says Rosemond. For junior-high school students it should be “__67__more than an hour and a half,”and two for high-school students. If your child__68__has more homework than this, you may want to check__69__other parents and then talk to the teacher about__70__assignment.51. A) very B) exact C) right D) usual52. A) officials B) parents C) experts D) schools53. A) Also B) Even C) Then D) Howvever54. A) fatigue B) confusion C) duty D) puzzle55. A) there B) we C) they D) it56. A) via B) under C) by D) for57. A) questions B) answers C) standards D) rules58. A) off B) without C) beyond D) from59. A) single B) piece C) page D) other60. A) drop B) short C) cut D) lack61.A) acquire B) earn C) gather D) reach62. A) exercises B) defects C) mistakes D) tests63.A) perfect B) better C) unusual D) complete64. A) forget B) refuse C) miss D) ignore65. A) have B) prepare C) make D) perform66. A) classes B) groups C) grades D) terms67. A) about B) no C) much D) few68. A) previously B) rarely C) merely D) consistently69. A) with B) in C) out D) up70. A) finishing B) lowering C) reducing D) declining Part V Translation （10%）Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.71. Many immigrants in America (渴望有机会回到自己的祖国) for a visit.72. I always (认为......理所当然)that I was far more intelligent than he was.73. Natural disasters (是造成这个国家经济危机的原因).74. John (会毫不犹豫地)to offer help when others are in trouble.75. Not until the 18th century (人类才意识到) that the brain controlled our thinking.。

2022 9A Unit3强化练习一、单项选择()1. Earth is only home to everyone. Lefs try to make it greener world to live in.A. a; aB. the; aC. a; theD. the; the()2. The future of a country lies in its youth. That's the Chinese government set a plan to guideits youth towardbetter development.A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why()3. One's words should be his action so that others are willing to make friends with him.A. better thanB. worse thanC. as well asD. as good as()4. Some animals can the colour around to protect themselves.A. cheer upB. give upC. take onD. take away()5.Please your exam papers once again before handing them in.A. going overB. went overC. go overD. to go over()6.---Do you think that little children should know safety tips?---Of course!A. so; a littleB. such; a littleC. such; a fewD.so; a few()7.With this new lock, you search for keys in your bag any more. Isn9tit cool?A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn'tD. shouldn't()8.---Many products made in China are very popular in the United Sates.---Yeah. Americans can avoid buying Chinese products.A. nearlyB. mostlyC. hardlyD. widely()9. ---Mom, Fve just got a new job in a big company.---Congratulations! Try to make yourself so that the company doesn't want to lose you.A. valuableB. comfortableC. fashionableD. strong()10.My parents have a low opinion of K-pop, they think most Korean songsare not worth at all.A. listening toB. being listened toC. listeningD. being listening to()11. On November 11, many young people spend moneyshopping in TMALL.A. a number ofB. the number ofC. a little bitD. a great deal of()12. Could you tell me?A. how I can arrive the museumB. when World War II was broken outC. how long Mr. Green left his homeD. what's wrongwith the boy()13. 一When will you go back to your hometown?A. Not until the work is finished.B. Until the work is finished.C. After the work will be finished.D. Since the work will be finished.)14.---Steve, I hear that Peter has won another championship.---It's not surprising.. He practices hardest in the team.A. Every dog has its dayB. No pain, no gainC. Many hands make light workD. Actions speak louder than words )15.---I'm falling to pieces. Everything is turning againstme.---! I believe you can deal with it.A. Cheer upB. Be carefulC. Don't mention itD.I can't agree more二、完形填空I take after (像)my mother. From her I took over a curious nature, a sense of adventure and right red hair. However, I did not receivea talent fbr _1_ from her.My mother never doubted that I would be a child Mozart. She found a strict Russian woman to be my piano teacher when I was four.I did whatever the teacher told me in order to _2_ her. "Feel the music," she always told me, I "fdt" it. But what is more unpleasant than too many wrong notes played continuously? She 唯It“ my music, too, which is why she always left with a(an) _3 expression.Once, in order to 4_ my practice, I managed to record one of my own rehearsals(练习).I put on the tape recording until the tape had finished. That method worked for a week, until my mother began to _5_ why I always missed the same note. She came in and found that I had fallen asleep while the tape of my performance played on and on.Realizing I couldn't be a Mozart, my mother told me to pick another instrument. From then on, I worked my way through several other instruments, but I still couldn't play any of them 6_.Then my mother hit on another idea. She took me to a drama teacher. 7_, the teacher put me into painting scenery(舞台布景)instead of teaching to sing. Immediately I fell in love with this active and practical world, and I discovered that I had a skill for building and painting. I loved the 8_ of taking our limited supplies and using them to make something beautiful! I'm a sculptor now, and every day I _9 once again the pleasure of being fully involved in the act of artistic creation. It's a wonderful feeling. I realize that my mother was trying to give me this feeling. Perhaps she went about it in the wrong way, but her heart was in the right _10_.()1・A. music B. sports C. cooking D. writing()2.A. praise B. please C. believe D. help()3.A. excited B.nappy C. angry D. shy()4. stop B. continue C. begin D. escape(逃避)()5.A. require B. argue C. wonder D. expect()6.A. secretly B. perfect C. quietly D. polite()7.A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. For example()8.A. challenge B.change C. risk D. advice()9.A. create B. consider C. share D. experience()10.A. reason B. meaning C. way D. place三、阅读理解AHere is part of the FAQs page of Free Comic (连环画)Book Day Site. Read it and answer the questions.FREE COMIC BOOK TODAYPOLICTES EVENT NEWS STORY SHOP LOCATOR COMICS♦ What is Free Comic Book Day?FCBD is a day when free comic books are handed out to anyone who enters a comic store.♦ When is Free Comic Book Day?It falls on the first Saturday of May each year. (Next is Saturday, May, 2, 2020!)♦When did it start?The first FCBD was on May 4, 2002. To know what has happened since then, check The Story.♦Are the comic books really free?Yes. However, how many you can have fbr free is different from store to store, but you will get at least one. Go to The Policies to check the number.♦How do I know what free comic books I can choose?Click on The Comics to see what free books you can choose this year.♦ Is this just happening in the U. S.?Of course not! Shops in Canada and some other countries also celebrate Free Comic Book Day! Any comic book shop in the world can take part in Free Comic Book Day. If you want your local shops to get involved, let them know! See our Shop Locator fbr one near you.()1.If Jack wants to know what free books he can choose, which part of the site should he go to?A. The Comics.B. The Policies.C. The Story.D. Shop Locator.()2. FCBD is celebrated according to the passage.A. fora few daysB. on Children's DayC. on the InternetD. in some comic shops()3. Which sentence can be found in a posterfor FCBD?A. All are 10% off.B. Buy more, get one free.C. Come in and take one away.D. The first ten will get a free copy of "One Piece”.BImagine this. There*s an apple and a piece of cake on a table. Which one would you like? The delicious cake or the healthy apple?A bestseller, Willpower. Rediscovering Our Greatest Strength, suggests that willpower(意志力)is the ability to make decisions that are better for us in the long term, rather than in the short term.Here is a famous experiment in the book: The Marshmallow Test. In 1972, Professor Walter Mischel tested the willpower of 600 four-year-olds to six-year-olds. In the experiment, each child was left alone in a room fbr fifteen minutes with a marshmallow(棉花软糖)on a table in front of them. They were given two choices: they could either eat it or, if they waited fifteen minutes, they'd be given a second one(and then they could eat both).So, what did the kids do? Well, as you can imagine, 70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes. But the other 30% showed willpower-they controlled themselves and waited fbr the second marshmallow. But then Mischel discovered something really interesting. Twenty years later, he got in touch with the children, who, by then, were in their early twenties. And he found that those who'd shown strong willpower were getting better marks at university and were more popular.Willpower is like a muscle (肌肉)，and the more you exercise it, the stronger it gets.So, if you do daily "self-control exercises", such as making your bed or brushing your teeth, you'll improve your overall willpower. And daily willpower exercises will help you with those bigger goals, such as studying for an exam or training for a marathon.Be careful though. Just like any muscle, your "willpower muscle" can get tired. If you've had to do lots of things that requirewillpower, take a break or give yourself a treat.That way, you'll build up your willpower again.And one last thing, the writer mentions people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower. So, congratulations! ()4. How many children got two marshmallows in the Marshmallow Test in 1972?A. 180.B. 240.C. 420.D. 600.()5. In Paragraphs 2&3, the famous experiment explains.A. more kids have stronger willpowerB. willpower influences people's lives greatlyC. how people practice children's willpowerD. marshmallows can help improve willpower ()6. The writer probably agrees that.A.all the language learners have stronger willpowerwillpower can*t be improved by doing some daily thingsB.young kids don't need to practice willpower like grown-upspeople with strong willpower can achieve their goals moreeasily()7. According to the passage, people who might have strong willpower.A. do regular piano practice every dayB. give up morning running halfwayC. eat as much junk food as they likeD. usually getup late on the cold morning四、动词填空She met one of her old friends while she(travel) in London.1.Those books were ordered a week ago, and they(expect) to arrive any time now.2.Next time you need to sneeze (打喷嚏),just do it by(cover) your mouth and nose with a tissue (纸巾).3.The owner will post the book to me as soon as she(receive) my money.4.He didn't even mention the difficulty he had(control) the moving train.5.The government promises that it(provide) a higher level of medical service in the next few years.五、完成句子.辅导孩子作业快让这个爸爸受不了了，最后他找了个家庭教师。

剑桥雅思阅读10真题精讲(test4)剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test4)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.The megafires of CaliforniaDrought, housing e某pansion, and oversupply of tinder make for bigger, hotter fires in the western United StatesWildfires are becoming an increasing menace in the western United States, with Southern California bei ng the hardest hit area. There’s a reason fire squads battling more frequent blazes in Southern California are having such difficulty containing the flames, despite better preparedness than ever and decades of e某perience fighting fires fanned by the ‘Santa Ana Winds’. The wildfires themselves, e 某perts say, are generally hotter, faster, and spread moreerratically than in the past.Megafires, also called ‘siege fires’, are the increasingly frequent blazes that burn 500, 000 acres or more — 10 times the size of the average forest fire of 20 years ago. Some recent wildfires are among the biggest ever in California in terms of acreage burned, according to state figures and news reports.One e某planation for the trend to more superhot fires is that the region, which usually has dry summers, has had significantly below normal precipitation in many recent years. Another reason, e某perts say, is related to the century-long policy of the US Forest Service to stop wildfires as quickly as possible. The unintentional consequence has been to halt the natural eradication of underbrush, now the primary fuel for megafires.Three other factors contribute to the trend, they add. First is climate change, marked by a 1-degree Fahrenheit rise in average yearly temperature across the western states. Second is fire seasons that on average are 78 days longer than they were 20 years ago. Third is increased construction of homes in wooded areas.‘We are increasingly building our homes in fire-prone ecosystems,’ says Do minik Kulakowski, adjunct professor of biology at Clark University Graduate School of Geography in Worcester, Massachusetts. ‘Doing that in many of the forests of the western US is like building homes on the side of an active volcano.’In California, where population growth has averaged more than 600, 000 a year for at least a decade, more residential housing is being built. ‘What once was open space is now residential homes providing fuel to make fires burn with greater intensity,’ says Terry McHale o f the California Department of Forestry firefighters’ union. ‘With so much dryness, so many communities to catch fire, so many fronts to fight, it becomes an almost incredible job.’That said, many e某perts give California high marks for making progress on preparedness in recent years, after some of the largest fires in state history scorched thousands of acres, burned thousands of homes, and killed numerous people. Stung in the past by criticism of bungling that allowed fires to spread when they might have been contained, personnel are meeting the peculiar challenges of neighborhood — and canyon- hopping fires better than previously, observers say.State promises to provide more up-to-date engines, planes, and helicopters to fight fires have been f ulfilled. Firefighters’ unions that in the past complained of dilapidated equipment, old fireengines, and insufficient blueprints for fire safety are now praising the state’s commitment, noting that funding for firefighting has increased, despite huge cut s in many other programs. ‘We are pleased that the current state administration has been very proactive in its support of us, and [has] come through with budgetary support of the infrastructure needs we have long sought,’ says Mr. McHale of the firefighter s’ union.Besides providing money to upgrade the fire engines that must traverse the mammoth state and wind along serpentine canyon roads, the state has invested in better command-and-control facilities as well as in the strategies to run them. ‘In th e fire sieges ofearlier years, we found that other jurisdictions and states were willing to offer mutual-aid help, but we were not able to communicate adequately with them,’ says Kim Zagaris, chief of the state’sOffice of Emergency Services Fire and Rescue Branch. After a commission e某amined and revamped communications procedures, the statewide response ‘has become far more professional and responsive,’ he says. There is a sense among both governmentofficials and residents that the speed, dedication, and coordination of firefighters from several states and jurisdictions are resultingin greater efficiency than in past ‘siege fire’ situations.In recent years, the Southern California region has improved building codes, evacuation procedures, and procurement of new technology. ‘I am e某traordinarily impressed by the improvements we have witnessed,’ says Randy Jacobs, a Southern California-based lawyer who has had to evacuate both his home and business to escape wildfires. ‘Notwithstanding all the damage that will continue to be caused by wildfires, we will no longer suffer the loss of lifeendured in the past because of the fire prevention and firefighting measures that have been put in place,’ he says.Test 4Questions 1-6Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 1-6 on your answer sheet.WildfiresCharacteristics of wildfires and wildfire conditions today compared to the past:— occurrence: more frequent— temperature: hotter— speed: faster— movement: 1 more unpredictably— size of fires: 2 greater on average than two decades agoReasons wildfires cause more damage today compared to the past: — rainfall: 3 average— more brush to act as 4— increase in yearly temperature— e某tended fire 5— more building of 6 in vulnerable placesQuestions 7-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In bo某es 7—13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this7 The amount of open space in California has diminished over the last ten years.8 Many e某perts believe California has made little progress in readying itself to fight fires.9 Personnel in the past have been criticised for mishandling fire containment.10 California has replaced a range of firefighting tools.11 More firefighters have been hired to improve fire-fighting capacity.12 Citizens and government groups disapprove of the efforts of different states and agencies working together.13 Randy Jacobs believes that loss of life from fires will continue at the same levels, despite changes made.2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on ReadingPassage 2 below.Second natureYour personality isn’t necessarily se t in stone. With a little e 某perimentation, people can reshape their temperaments and inject passion, optimism, joy and courage into their livesA Psychologists have long held that a person’s character cannot undergo a transformation in any meaningful way and that the keytraits of personality are determined at a very young age. However, researchers have begun looking more closely at ways we can change. Positive psychologists have identified 24 qualities we admire, such as loyalty and kindness, and are studying them to find out why they come so naturally to some people. What they’re discovering is thatmany of these qualities amount to habitual behaviour that determines the way we respond to the world. The good news is that all this canbe learned. Some qualities are less challenging to develop than others, optimism being one of them. However, developing qualities requires mastering a range of skills which are diverse and sometimes surprising. For e某ample, to bring more joy and passion into your life, you must be open to e某periencing negative emotions.Cultivating such qualities will help you realise your full potential.B ‘The evidence is good that most personality traits can be altered,’ says Christopher Peterson, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, who cites himself as an e某ample. Inherently introverted, he realised early on that as an academic, his reticence would prove disastrous in the lecture hall. So he learned to be more outgoing and to entertain his classes. ‘Now my e某troverted behaviour is spontaneous,’ he says.C David Fajgenbaum had to make a similar transition. He was preparing for university, when he had an accident that put an end to his sports career. On campus, he quickly found that beyond ordinary counselling, the university had no services for students who were undergoing physical rehabilitation and suffering from depression like him. He therefore launched a support group to help others in similar situations. He took action despite his own pain — a typical response of an optimist.D Suzanne Segerstrom, professor of psychology at the Universityof Kentucky, believes that the key to increasing optimism is through cultivating optimistic behaviour, rather than positive thinking. She recommends you train yourself to pay attention to good fortune by writing down three positive things that come about each day. Thiswill help you convince yourself that favourable outcomes actually happen all the time, making it easier to begin taking action.E You can recognise a person who is passionate about a pursuit by the way they are so strongly involved in it. Tanya Streeter’s passion is freediving — the sport of plunging deep into the water without tanks or other breathing equipment. Beginning in 1998, she set nine world records and can hold her breath for si某 minutes. The physical stamina required for this sport is intense but the psychological demands are even more overwhelming. Streeter learned to untangle her fears from her judgment of what her body and mind could do. ‘In my career as a competitive freediver, there was a limit to what I could do —but it wasn’t anywhere near what I thought it was,’ she says.F Finding a pursuit that e某cites you can improve anyone’s life. The secret about consuming passions, though, according to psychologist Paul Silvia of the University of North Carolina, is that ‘they require discipline, hard work and ability, which is why they are so rewarding.’ Psychologist Todd Kashdan has this advice for those people taking up a new passion: ‘As a newcomer, you also have to tolerate and laugh at your own ignorance. You must be willing to accept the negative feelings that come your way,’ he says.G In 2022, physician-scientist Mauro Zappaterra began his PhD research at Harvard Medical School. Unfortunately, he was miserable as his research wasn’t compatible with his curiosity about healing. He finally took a break and during eight months in Santa Fe, Zappaterra learned about alternative healing techniques not taught at Harvard. When he got back, he switched labs to study how cerebrospinal fluid nourishes the developing nervous system. He alsovowed to look for the joy in everything, including failure, as this could help him learn about his research and himself.One thing that can hold jo y back is a person’s concentration on avoiding failure rather than their looking forward to doing something well. ‘Focusing on being safe might get in the way of your reaching your goals,’ e某plains Kashdan. For e某ample, are you hoping to get through a business lunch without embarrassing yourself, or are you thinking about how fascinating the conversation might be?H Usually, we think of courage in physical terms but ordinarylife demands something else. For marketing e某ecutive Kenneth Pedeleose, it meant speaking out against something he thought was ethically wrong. The new manager was intimidating staff so Pedeleose carefully recorded each instance of bullying and eventually took the evidence to a senior director, knowing his own job security would be threatened. Eventually the manager was the one to go. According to Cynthia Pury, a psychologist at Clemson University, Pedeleose’s story proves the point that courage is not motivated by fearlessness, but by moral obligation. Pury also believes that people can acquire courage. Many of her students said that faced with a risky situation, they first tried to calm themselves down, then looked for a way to mitigate the danger, just as Pedeleose did by documenting his allegations.Over the long term, picking up a new character trait may help you move toward being the person you want to be. And in the short term, the effort itself could be surprisingly rewarding, a kind of internal adventure.Questions 14-18Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 14-18 on your answer sheetPsychologists have traditionally believed that a personality 14 was impossible and that by a 15 , a person’s character tends to befi某ed. This is not true according to positive psychologists, who say that our personal qualities can be seen as habitual behaviour. One of the easiest qualities to acquire is 16 . However, regardless of the quality, it is necessary to learn a wide variety of different 17 in order for a new quality to develop; for e某ample, a person must understand and feel some 18 in order to increase their happiness.Questions 19-22Look at the following statements (Questions 19-22) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person, A-G.Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 19-22 on your answer sheet19 People must accept that they do not know much when firsttrying something new.20 It is important for people to actively notice when good things happen.21 Courage can be learned once its origins in a sense of responsibility are understood.22 It is possible to overcome shyness when faced with the need to speak in public.List of PeopleA Christopher PetersonB David FajgenbaumC Suzanne SegerstromD Tanya StreeterE Todd KashdanF Kenneth PedeleoseG Cynthia PuryQuestions 23-26Reading Passage 2 has eight sections, A-H.Which section contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-H, in bo某es 23-26 on your answer sheet23 a mention of how rational thinking enabled someone to achieve physical goals24 an account of how someone overcame a sad e某perience25 a description of how someone decided to rethink their academic career path26 an e某ample of how someone risked his career out of a sense of duty3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.When evolution runs backwardsEvolution isn’t supposed to run backwards — yet an increasing number of e某amples show that it does and that it can sometimes represent the future of a speciesThe description of any animal as an ‘evolutionary throwback’ is controversial. For the better part of a century, most biologists have been reluctant to use those words, mindful of a principle of evolution that says ‘evolution cannot run backwards’. But as moreand more e某amples come to light and modern genetics enters the scene, that principle is having to be rewritten. Not only are evolutionary throwbacks possible, they sometimes play an important role in the forward march of evolution.The technical term for an evolutionary throwback is an‘atavism’, from the Latin atavus, meaning forefather. The word has ugly connotations thanks largely to Cesare Lombroso, a 19th-century Italian medic who argued that criminals were born not made and could be identified by certain physical features that were throwbacks to a primitive, sub-human state.While Lombroso was measuring criminals, a Belgian palaeontologist called Louis Dollo was studying fossil records and coming to the opposite conclusion. In 1890 he proposed that evolution was irreversible: that ‘an organism is unabl e to return, even partially, to a previous stage already realised in the ranks of its ancestors’. Early 20th-century biologists came to a similar conclusion, though they qualified it in terms of probability, stating that there is no reason why evolution cannot run backwards — it is just very unlikely. And so the idea of irreversibility in evolution stuck and came to be known as ‘Dollo’s law’.If Dollo’s law is right, atavisms should occur only very rarely, if at all. Yet almost since the idea took root, e某ceptions have been cropping up. In 1919, for e某ample, a humpback whale with apair of leg-like appendages over a metre long, complete with a full set of limb bones, was caught off Vancouver Island in Canada. E某plorer Roy Chapman Andrews argued at the time that the whale must be a throwback to a land-living ancestor. ‘I can see no other e某planation,’ he wrote in 1921.Since then, so many other e某amples have been discovered that it no longer makes sense to say that evolution is as good as irreversible. And this poses a puzzle: how can characteristics that disappeared millions of years ago suddenly reappear? In 1994, Rudolf Raff and colleagues at Indiana University in the USA decided to use genetics to put a number on the probability of evolution going into reverse. They reasoned that while some evolutionary changes involve the loss of genes and are therefore irreversible, others may be the result of genes being switched off. If these silent genes are somehow switched back on, they argued, long-lost traits could reappear.Raff’s team went on to calculate the likelihood of it happening. Silent genes accumulate random mutations, they reasoned, eventually rendering them useless. So how long can a gene survive in a speciesif it is no longer used? The team calculated that there is a good chance of silent genes surviving for up to 6 million years in atleast a few individuals in a population, and that some might survive as long as 10 million years. In other words, throwbacks are possible, but only to the relatively recent evolutionary past.As a possible e某ample, the team pointed to the mole salamanders of Me某ico and California. Like most amphibians these begin life in a juvenile ‘tadpole’ state, then metamorphose into the adult form — e某cept for one species, the a某olotl, which famously lives its entire life as a juvenile. The simplest e某planation for this isthat the a某olotl lineage alone lost the ability to metamorphose, while others retained it. From a detailed analysis of the salamanders’ family tr ee, however, it is clear that the other lineages evolved from an ancestor that itself had lost the ability to metamorphose. In other words, metamorphosis in mole salamanders is anatavism. The salamander e某ample fits with Raff’s 10-million-year time frame.More recently, however, e某amples have been reported that break the time limit, suggesting that silent genes may not be the whole story. In a paper published last year, biologist Gunter Wagner of Yale University reported some work on the evolutionary history of a group of South American lizards called Bachia. Many of these have minuscule limbs; some look more like snakes than lizards and a few have completely lost the toes on their hind limbs. Other species, however, sport up to four toes on their hind legs. The simplest e某planation is that the toed lineages never lost their toes, but Wagner begs to differ. According to his analysis of the Bachia family tree, the toed species re-evolved toes from toeless ancestors and, what is more, digit loss and gain has occurred on more than one occasion over tens of millions of years.So what’s going on? One possibility is that these traits arelost and then simply reappear, in much the same way that similar structures can independently arise in unrelated species, such as the dorsal fins of sharks and killer whales. Another more intriguing possibility is that the genetic information needed to make toes somehow survived for tens or perhaps hundreds of millions of years in the lizards and was reactivated. These atavistic traits provided an advantage and spread through the population, effectively reversing evolution.But if silent genes degrade within 6 to 10 million years, how can long-lost traits be reactivated over longer timescales? The answer may lie in the womb. Early embryos of many species develop ancestral features. Snake embryos, for e某ample, sprout hind limb buds. Laterin development these features disappear thanks to developmental programs that say ‘lose the leg’. If for any reason this does not happen, the ancestral feature may not disappear, leading to an atavism.Questions 27-31Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in bo某es 27-31 on your answer sheet.27 When discussing the theory developed by Louis Dollo, thewriter says thatA it was immediately referred to as Dollo’s law.B it supported the possibility of evolutionary throwbacks.C it was modified by biologists in the early twentieth century.D it was based on many years of research.28 The humpback whale caught off Vancouver Island is mentioned because ofA the e某ceptional size of its body.B the way it e某emplifies Dollo’s law.C the amount of local controversy it caused.D the reason given for its unusual features.29 What is said about ‘silent genes’?A Their numbers vary according to species.B Raff disagreed with the use of the term.C They could lead to the re-emergence of certain characteristics.D They can have an unlimited life span.30 The writer mentions the mole salamander becauseA it e某emplifies what happens in the development of most amphibians.B it suggests that Raff’s theory is correct.C it has lost and regained more than one ability.D its ancestors have become the subject of e某tensive research.31 Which of the following does Wagner claim?A Members of the Bachia lizard family have lost and regained certain features several times.B Evidence shows that the evolution of the Bachia lizard is due to the environment.C His research into South American lizards supports Raff’s assertions.D His findings will apply to other species of South American lizards.Questions 32-36Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 32-36 on your answer sheet.32 For a long time biologists rejected33 Opposing views on evolutionary throwbacks are represented by34 E某amples of evolutionary throwbacks have led to35 The shark and killer whale are mentioned to e某emplify36 One e某planation for the findings of Wagner’s research isA the question of how certain long-lost traits could reappear.B the occurrence of a particular feature in different species.C parallels drawn between behaviour and appearance.D the continued e某istence of certain genetic information.E the doubts felt about evolutionary throwbacks.F the possibility of evolution being reversible.G Dollo’s findings and the convictions held by Lombroso.Questions 37-40Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In bo某es 37-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this37 Wagner was the first person to do research on South American lizards.38 Wagner believes that Bachia lizards with toes had toeless ancestors.39 The temporary occurrence of long-lost traits in embryos is rare.40 Evolutionary throwbacks might be caused by developmental problems in the womb.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test4)Passage 1参考译文：加利福尼亚州的特大火灾干旱，房屋的大量扩建，易燃物的过度供给导致美国西部发生更大更热的火灾。

《当幸福来敲门》英语台词（1）The Pursuit of Happyness scriptTime to get up, man.- All right, Dad. - Come on.Should be here soon.- I think I should make a list. - What do mean?- For your birthday gifts? - Yeah.You know you're only getting a couple of things, right? Yeah, I know. Just to look at and study so I can choose better. Okay, well, that's smart. Yeah, make a list.Can you spell everything you're thinking of?- I think so. - All right. That's good.- How you doing in here, man? - Okay.Can we go to the park today, after?No, I gotta go to Oakland. Well, maybe, we'll see.Give me a kiss.I'll talk to you later.Excuse me.Oh, excuse me......when is somebody gonna clean this off?And the Y? The Y. We talked about this.It's an I in "happiness." There's no Y in "happiness." It's an I.I'm Chris Gardner.I met my father for the first time when I was 28 years old.And I made up my mind as a young kid......that when I had children......my children were gonna know who their father was.This is part of my life story.This part is called "Riding the Bus."What's that?It's a time machine, isn't it?Seems like a time machine.That seems like a time machine. It's a time machine. Take me with you. This machine......this machine on my lap...This guy, he has a time machine.He travels in the past with this machine and...- it is not a time machine.It' a portable bone-density scanner.A medical device I sell for a living.Thank you for the opportunity to discuss it with you.- I appreciate it. - We just don't need it, Chris.It's unnecessary and expensive.- Well, maybe next... - Thank you.It gave a slightly denser picture than an x-ray for twice the money. - Hey. - Hey, baby.- What happened? - No, nothing.Look, I can't get Christopher today.Oh, no, you don't, Chris. I'm back on at 7.I know. I have got to go to Oakland.So I gotta get Christopher home, feed him, bathe him......get him in bed, and be back here by 7?- Yes. - And we got the tax-bill notice today.- What are you gonna do about that? - Look, this is what we gotta do. You see that car? The one with the pretty yellow shoe on it?That' mine.There' no parking near hospitals.That' what happens when you're always in a rush.Thanks anyway. Very much.- Maybe next quarter. - It's possible.I needed to sell at least two scanners a month for rent and daycare.I'd have to sell one more......to pay off all of those tickets under my windshield wiper.The problem is......I haven't sold any for a while.Since when do you not like macaroni and cheese?Since birth?- What's that? - What?- What is this? - It's a gift for Christopher.- From who? - Cynthia from work.It's for adults. Chris can't use it. She didn't know.What are you supposed to do with it?Make every side the same color.Did you pay the taxes?No, I'm gonna have to file an extension.- You already filed an extension. - Yeah, well, I gotta file another one. That's... It's $650. I'll have it in the next month.That means interest, right?- And a penalty? - Yeah, a little bit.Look, why don't you let me do this? All right, just relax. Okay?- Come here. Calm down. - I have to go back to work.Let's get ready for bed. Hey, put your plate in the sink.A few days ago I was presented with a report I'd asked for......a comprehensive audit, if you will, of our economic condition.You won't like it. I didn't like it.But we have to face the truth......and then go to work to turn things around.And make no mistake about it, we can turn them around.The federal budget is out of control.And we face runaway deficits of almost $80 billion......for this budget year that ends September 30th.That deficit is larger than the entire federal budget in 1957.And so is the almost $80 billion......we will pay in interest this year on the national debt.Twenty years ago, in 1960......our federal government payroll was less than $ 13 billion.Today it is 75 billion.During these 20 years, our population has only increased by 23.3 percent...Man, I got two questions for you:What do you do? And how do you do it?- I'm a stockbroker. - Stockbroker. Oh, goodness.Had to go to college to be a stockbroker, huh?You don't have to. Have to be good with numbers and good with people. - That's it. - Hey, you take care.I'll let you hang on to my car for the weekend.- But I need it back for Monday. - Feed the meter.I still remember that moment.They all looked so damn happy to me.Why couldn't I look like that?I'm gonna try to get home by 6.I'm gonna stop by a brokerage firm after work.- For what? - I wanna see about a job there.Yeah? What job?You know, when l...When I was a kid, I could go through a math book in a week.So I'm gonna go see about what job they got down there.What job?Stockbroker.- Stockbroker? - Yeah.Not an astronaut?Don't talk to me like that, Linda.I'm gonna go down and see about this, and I'm gonna do it during the day. You should probably do your sales calls.I don't need you to tell me about my sales calls, Linda.I got three of them before the damn office is even open.Do you remember that rent is due next week?Probably not.We're already two months behind.Next week we'll owe three months.I've been pulling double shifts for four months now, Chris.Just sell what's in your contract. Get us out of that business.Linda, that is what I am trying to do.This is what I'm trying to do for my family......for you and for Christopher.What's the matter with you?Linda.Linda.This part of my life is called "Being Stupid."Can I ask you a favor, miss?Do you mind if I leave this here with you just for five minutes?I have a meeting in there and I don't wanna carry that......Iooking smalltime.Here is a dollar and I'll give you more money when I come back out. Okay? It's not valuable. You can't sell it anywhere.I can't even sell it, and it's my job. All right?- Chris? Tim Brophy, Resources. - Yes. How are you?- Come with me. - Yes, sir.Let me see if I can find you an application for our internship.I'm afraid that's all we can do for you. See, this is a satellite office. Jay Twistle in the main office, he oversees Witter Resources.I mean, I'm... You know, I'm just this office.As you can see, we got a hell of lot of applications here, so... Normally I have a resume sheet, but I can't seem to find it anywhere.- We... - Thank you very much.I need to go.I'll bring this back.- Thank you. - Okay.Trusting a hippie girl with my scanner. Why did I do that?Excuse me. Excuse me.Like I said, this part of my life is called "Being Stupid."Hey! Hey! Hey! Don't move! Don't move! Stay...!Stop! Stop!Don't move! Stop this...! Stop the train!Stop! Stop!The program took just 20 people every six months.One got the job.There were three blank lines after "high school" to list more education.I didn't need that many lines.Try and sleep. It's late.It' a puzzle measuring just 3 inches by 3 inches on each side......made up of multiple colors that you twist and turn......and try to get to a solid color on each side.This little cube is the gift sensation of 1981.Don't expect to solve it easily.Although we did encounter one math professor at USF......who took just 30 minutes on his.This is as far as I've gotten on mine.As you can see, I still have a long way to go.This is Jim Finnerty reporting for KJSF in Richmond.Hey, wake up.Eat.- Bye, Mom. - Bye, baby.- Come back without that, please. - Oh, yeah, I'm going to.So go ahead, say goodbye to it, because I'm coming back without it. Goodbye and good riddance.You ain't had to add the "good riddance" part.Bye, Mom.Bye.It's written as P-P-Y, but it's supposed to be an I in "happiness."- Is it an adjective? - No, actually it's a noun.But it's not spelled right.- Is "fuck" spelled right? - Yeah, that's spelled right.But that's not part of the motto, so you're not supposed to learn that. That's an adult word to show anger and other things.- But just don't use that one, okay? - Okay.What's that say on the back of your bag?My nickname.We pick nicknames.- Oh, yeah? What's it say? - "Hot Rod."- Did you have a nickname? - Yep.- What? - "Ten-Gallon Head."- What's that? - I grew up in Louisiana, near Texas.Everybody wears cowboy hats. And a ten-gallors a big hat.I was smart back then, so they called me Ten-Gallon Head.- Hoss wears that hat. - Hoss?Hoss Can'twright on Bonanza.- How do you know Bonanza? - We watch it at Mrs. Chu's.- You watch Bonanza at daycare? - Yeah.When? When do you watch it?- After snack? After your nap? - After Love Boat.I made my list for my birthday.- Yeah, what'd you put on there? - A basketball or an ant farm.- He says he's been watching TV. - Oh, little TV for history.- Love Boat? - For history. Navy.That's not the Navy.I mean, he could watch television at home.We're paying you $ 150 a month. If he's gonna be sitting around... ...watching TV all day, we're taking him out of here.Go pay more at other daycare if you don't like Navy TV.You late pay anyway. You complain. I complain.Can you at least put the dog upstairs in your room or something?Bye.I was waiting for Witter Resource head Jay Twistle......whose name sounded so delightful, like he'd give me a job and a hug.I just had to show him I was good with numbers and good with people. - Morning, Mr. Twistle. - Good morning.- Mr. Twistle, Chris Gardner. - Hi.I wanted to drop this off personally and make your acquaintance.I thought I'd catch you on the way in. I'd love the opportunity to discuss... ...what may seem like weaknesses on my application.We'll start with this, and we'll call you if we wanna sit down.- Yes, sir. You have a great day. - You too.Hey, yeah, how you doing?This is Chris Gardner calling for Dr. Delsey.Yeah, I'm running a little late for a sales call.I was wondering if... Yeah, Osteo National.Right. We can still...? Half an hour?Yes. Beautiful. Beautiful. Thank you, thank you.Hey! Hey!Hey!This part of my life...- Wait! ...this part here......it' called "Running."Hey! Hey!Wait!Hey! Wait!That was my stolen machine.Unless she was with a guy who sold them too.Which was unlikely......because I was the only one selling them in the Bay Area.I spent our entire life savings on these things.It was such a revolutionary machine.- Can you feel it, baby? - Oh, yeah.You got me doing all the work.What I didn't know is that doctors and hospitals......would consider them unnecessary luxuries.I even asked the landlord to take a picture.So if I lost one, it was like losing a month' groceries. Hey, hey! Wait! Wait!Hey, get back here!Hey, man, l...- Who's he? - He's that guy...- Did you forget? - Forget what?You're not supposed to have any of those.- Yeah, I know. - You have two now.Hey.Hey, Mom.One, two, three!- That's a basketball! - Hey, hey. What do you mean?You don't know that that's a basketball.This could be an ant farm. This could be a microscope or anything. - No, it's not. - There, there.All right, come on. Open him up. Open him up.- That paper's a little heavy, huh? - Yeah, but I got it.You should've seen me out there today.Somebody stole a scanner. I had to run the old girl down... Whatever.- What? - Whatever, Chris.What the hell you got attitude about?- "Whatever" what? - Every day's got some damn story.Hey, Roy. Roy!Can you beat your little rug when nobody's out here?There's dust and shit all over.- I'm trying to keep a clean house. - Hey, wait a second.Look, Linda, relax.We're gonna come out of this. Everything is gonna be fine, all right? You said that before, when I got pregnant. "lt'll be fine."- So you don't trust me now? - Whatever. I don't care.- Taxi! - Mr. Twistle.- Yeah, hi. - Hi. Chris Gardner.Yeah, hi. Listen. What can I do for you?I submitted an application for the intern program about a month ago... ...and I would just love to sit with you briefly...Listen, I'm going to Noe Valley, Chris.- Take care of yourself. - Mr. Twistle.Actually, I'm on my way to Noe Valley also.How about we share a ride?- All right, get in. - All right.So when I was in the Navy, I worked for a doctor......who loved to play golf, hours every day......and I would actually perform medical procedures......when he'd leave me in the office.So I'm used to being in a position where I have to make decisions and... Mr. Twistle, listen. This is a very important...I'm sorry. I'm sorry. This thing's impossible.- I can do it. - No, you can't. No one can.- That's bullshit. - No, I'm pretty sure I can do it.- No, you can't. - Let me see it.Give it here.Oh, yeah. Oh, wow, you really messed it up.Sorry.It looks like it works around a swivel, so the center pieces never move. So if it's yellow in the center, that's the yellow side.If it's red in the center, that's the red side.- Okay. - So... You can slow down.Listen, we can drive around all day. I don't believe you can do this.- Yeah, I can. - No, you can't.- Yes, I can. - No, you can't.I'm telling you, no one can.See? That's all I ever do.You almost have this side.Holy cow.- You almost had that one. - I'm gonna get it.Look at that.You're almost there.- 17.10. - This is me.Good job.- Goodbye. - Yeah. I'll see you soon.Where are you going, sir?Excuse me, sir. Where are you going, please? Two... A couple of blocks.- Just flip around. - Okay.Hey! Stop it! Hey!- Where are you going? Come here! - No!- No, no, no! - You asshole, give me my money! - Give me my money. - Please stop.- Please, please, please! - Son of a bitch. Please! He should've paid you!- Come here! - I'm sorry.- I'm so sorry. - I'll kick your ass!- I'm sorry! - Idiot.I'll get you!I'm going to kill you! I'm going to kill you! Hey!Stop it, you son of a bitch!Stop him!Stop him!The doors are closing.Please stand clear of the doors.No! No! No!No!- Hello? - Hey, yeah.Sorry I couldn't make it home on time.- Chris, I missed my shift. - Yeah, I know. I'm sorry about that.Look, I'm on my way right now. Are you all right with Christopher?I'm leaving. Chris, I'm leaving.- What? - Did you hear what I said?I have my things together, and I'm taking our son......and we're gonna leave now.I'm gonna put the phone down.- Linda, wait a minute. Hold it, hold... - I'm going to leave. We are leaving.It was right then that I started thinking about Thomas Jefferson... ...the Declaration of Independence......and the part about our right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. And I remember thinking:How did he know to put the "pursuit" part in there?That maybe happiness is something that we can only pursue.And maybe we can actually never have it......no matter what.How did he know that?Linda. Linda.- Hello? - Chris.- Who is this? - Jay Twistle.- Hey. - Dean Witter.Yeah, of course. How are you?I'm fine. Listen, do you still wanna come in and talk?Yes, sir. Absolutely.I'll tell you what. Come on by day after tomorrow, in the morning. We're interviewing for the internships. You got a pen and paper? Yes. Yes, I do.- Hold on one second. - All right.Hello?- Chris? - Go ahead. I have one.Write this number down so you can call my secretary, Janice.- She can give you all the specifics. - Yep.- Okay, 415. - 415.- 864. - 864.- 0256. - 0256.- Yeah, extension 4796. - 4796.- Right. Call her tomorrow. - Yes, sir. 415-864-0256.- Okay, buddy. - All right, yes.- Thank you very much. - We'll see you soon.864-0256.4796. Janice.- Chris. - Hey.Did you...? Have you seen Linda and Christopher?- No. You catch the game last night? - No, no.You didn't see that, 118, 1...?Excuse me, did Linda and Christopher come in here?- No, I haven't see them. - 119-120. Double overtime.Moons hits a three-pointer at 17 seconds left.Wayne, Wayne, Wayne.Can't talk to you about numbers right now.- What's your problem with numbers? - 864-2...- And you owe me money. - Yeah.You owe me $ 14.I'm gonna get that to you.I need my money. I need my money.Fourteers a number.Hey, don't you ever take my son away from me again.- You hear me? - Leave me alone!Don't take my son away from me again.Do you understand what I'm saying to you?Don't you walk away from me when I'm talking to you. Do you hear me? - Do you wanna leave? - Yeah.- You wanna leave? - Yes, I want to leave!Get the hell out of here, then, Linda.Get the hell out of here. Christopher's staying with me. You're the one that dragged us down. You hear me? - You are so weak. - No. I am not happy anymore.- I'm just not happy! - Then go get happy, Linda!Just go get happy.But Christopher's living with me.- Stop! - Did you hear what I said?Christopher's living with me!Hey. Come on, let's go.- How you doing, Mrs. Chu? - Hi.- Where's Mom? - Look, just get your stuff.But she told me she was coming to pick me up today. Yeah, I know.I talked to Mom earlier. Everything's fine, okay? Where do I sleep tonight?《当幸福来敲门》英语台词（2）Let me ask you something. Are you happy?- Yeah. - All right. Because I'm happy.And if you're happy and I'm happy, then that's a good thing, right?- Yeah. - All right.You're sleeping with me.You're staying at home, where you belong, all right? Christopher.Hey, listen. I need the rent.I can't wait anymore.Yeah, I'm good for that, Charlie. I'm gonna get it.Why don't you go two blocks over at the Mission Inn motel?It's half what you pay here.Listen, Chris. I need you out of here in the morning.The hell am I supposed to be out of here tomorrow?I got painters coming in.- All right, look. I need more time. - No.All right, I'll paint it myself.All right, but I just... I gotta have some more time... I got my son up in here.All right. One week. And you paint it.Chris Gardner?Yeah. What happened?- Payable to the City of San francisco. - Does it have to be the full amount? You gotta pay each parking ticket, otherwise, you're staying.This is all I got.You verify at 9:30 tomorrow morning.- What? - You gotta stay until this thing clears.No.No, I can't spend the night here.- I have to pick up my son. - You verify at 9:30 tomorrow.Sir, I have a job interview at Dean Witter at 10:15 tomorrow morning.- I cannot stay... - 9:30 tomorrow morning.What am I supposed to do with my son?- Is there anyone else who can...? - I take care of him.Maybe we can go and have Social Services pick him up.All right. Can I have my phone call, please?- Hello. - Hey.What do you want?You gotta get Christopher from daycare. I can't.Just keep him for the night and I'm... And... Just one night.What happened?I'll pick him up from daycare tomorrow.I'm gonna go right... You can just...You can drop him off and I'll pick him up.- No. - Come on, Linda.- Why you doing that? - No, I wanna take him to the park. To Golden Gate after daycare tomorrow.- How is he? - He's fine.All right, just... All right, take him to the park......and bring him back, all right?All right, just bring me my son back.Okay?Linda?I'll bring him back around 6.All right, all right.Thank you.Bye.I'm okay?Excuse me. Excuse me.Yes, I did.Mr. Gardner.This way.It'll be right this way.What is the word on that one?Chris Gardner.Chris Gardner.How are you? Good morning.Chris Gardner. Chris Gardner. Good to see you again.Chris Gardner. Pleasure.I've been sitting there for the last half-hour......trying to come up with a story......that would explain my being here dressed like this.And I wanted to come up with a story that would demonstrate qualities... ...that I'm sure you all admire here, like earnestness or diligence.Team-playing, something. And I couldn't think of anything.So the truth is......I was arrested for failure to pay parking tickets.Parking tickets?And I ran all the way here from the Polk Station, the police station. What were you doing before you were arrested?I was painting my apartment.Is it dry now?I hope so.Jay says you're pretty determined.He's been waiting outside the front of the building......with some 40-pound gizmo for over a month.- He said you're smart. - Well, I like to think so.- And you want to learn this business? - Yes, sir, I wanna learn. Have you already started learning on your own? Absolutely.- Jay? - Yes, sir.How many times have you seen Chris?I don't know. One too many, apparently.- Was he ever dressed like this? - No.No. Jacket and tie.First in your class in school?- High school? - Yes, sir.- How many in the class? - Twelve.It was a small town.- I'll say. - But I was also first in my radar class......in the Navy, and that was a class of 20.Can I say something?I'm the type of person......if you ask me a question, and I don't know the answer... ...I 'm gonna tell you that I don't know.But I bet you what.I know how to find the answer, and I will find the answer.Is that fair enough?Chris.What would you say if a guy walked in for an interview... ...without a shirt on......and I hired him? What would you say?He must've had on some really nice pants.Chris, I don't know how you did it dressed as a garbage man... ...but you pulled it off. - Thank you, Mr. Twistle.Hey, now you can call me Jay. We'll talk to you soon.All right, so I'll let you know, Jay."You'll let me know, Jay"? What do you mean?Yeah, I'll give you a call tomorrow sometime...What are you talking...? You hounded me for this.- You stood here... - Listen, there's no salary.- No. - I was not aware of that.My circumstances have changed some......and I need to be certain that I'll be... - All right. Okay. Tonight.I swear I will fill your spot. I promise.If you back out, you know what I'll look like to the partners? Yes, an ass... A-hole.Yeah, an ass A-hole, all the way.You are a piece of work.Tonight.There was no salary.Not even a reasonable promise of a job.One intern was hired at the end of the program from a pool of 20. And if you werert that guy......you couldn't even apply the six months' training......to another brokerage.The only resource I would have for six months......would be my six scanners, which I could still try to sell.If I sold them all, maybe we might get by.- I got him. I got him. - He's asleep.All right.Okay, baby.I got it.I'm going to New York.My sister's boyfriend......opened a restaurant, and they may have a job for me there.So I'm going to New York, Chris.Christopher's staying with me.I'm his mom, you know?He should be with his mom.I should have him, right?You know you can't take care of him.What are you gonna do for money?I had an interview at Dean Witter for an internship......and I got it.So I'm gonna stand out in my program.Salesman to interrs backwards.No, it's not.I gotta go.Tell him I love him, okay?And...I know you'll take care of him, Chris.I know that.- Dean Witter. - Yes, hi.Yes, I'd like to leave a message for Mr. Jay Twistle.- Your name? - Yeah, my name is Chris Gardner.The message is:Thank you very much for inviting me into the program.I really appreciate it and I'd be very pleased to accept your invitation. Is that all?Yes, that's it.- Okay. - Thank you.Bye.- Be careful with that. - What?Be care... Go ahead.- Are we there? - Yep.- Hey, you know what today is? - Yeah.- What? - Saturday.- You know what Saturday is, right? - Yeah.- What? - Basketball.- You wanna go play some basketball? - Okay.All right, then we're gonna go sell a bone-density scanner.- How about that? Wanna do that? - No.Hey, Dad. I'm going pro.I'm going pro.Okay.Yeah, I don't know, you know.You'll probably be about as good as I was.That's kind of the way it works, you know. I was below average. You know, so you'll probably ultimately rank......somewhere around there, you know, so......I really... You'll excel at a lot of things, just not this.I don't want you shooting this ball all day and night.- All right? - All right.Okay.All right, go ahead.Hey.Don't ever let somebody tell you......you can't do something.Not even me.- All right? - All right.You got a dream......you gotta protect it.People can't do something themselves......they wanna tell you you can't do it.If you want something, go get it. Period.Let's go.Dad, why did we move to a motel?Dad, why did we move to a motel?I told you. Because I'm getting a better job.- You gotta trust me, all right? - I trust you.All right, here. Come on, come on. Keep up.Dad, whers Mom coming back?Dad, whers Mom coming back?I don't know, Christopher.Dad, listen to this.One day, a man was drowning in the water.And a boat came by and said, "Do you need any help?"He said, "No, thank you. God will save me."Then another boat came by. Said, "Do you need any help?" And he said, "No, thank you. God will save me."Then he drowned, and he went to heaven.And he said, "God, why didn't you save me?"And God said, "I sent you two big boats, you dummy."Do you like it?Yeah, that's very funny, man. Give me your hand.- Thank you very much, sir. - Yes, sir.- You got the bill of sale here. - Yes.All the information you'll need.Thank you very much for your business.Thank you.One hundred, 200, 20, 40, 45, 46......7, 8, 9, 10.Thank you.- Hey, you want one of those? - No, it's okay.Come on, you can have one. Which one?- You like that one? How much? - Twenty-five cents. This part of my life is called "Internship."The 1200 building is Medley Industrial and Sanko Oil. The building across the street is Lee-Ray Shipping.。

惠州市2024-25届高三年级第一次调研考试英语一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。

ASummer is finally in the air, but that doesn't mean you can't still stay in and have a great movie night. Whether you're looking for something deep and thought-provoking or light for the whole family, there are many incredible films on Netflix.The Matrix(1999)IMDb (Internet Movie Database):8.7/10| Runtime:136 minutesThe Matrix is a science fiction film that stars Keanu Reeves as a hacker who discovers the world he lives in is an illusion crafted by malevolent Artificial Intelligence. The movie presents the very best in technical filmmaking, winning four Oscars. With thrilling action and a complex story, it's a must-see. American Symphony(2023)IMDb:7.9/10 Runtime:104 minutesEven if you just watch the trailer for American Symphony, you will be in tears. The documentary(纪录片) tells the story of Grammy winner Jon Batiste and his wife, Suleika Jaouad. It's a beautiful tale of love and resilience, with Variety Magazine calling it “one of the best love stories seen on film.”Nyad (2023)IMDb:7.1/10|Runtime:12lminutesAs expected from most sports dramas and biopics, Nyad shares a story of perseverance, the triumphs of determination, and a message of hope. It engages the audience with its solid foundation while entertaining through grounded drama based on reality instead of relying on cheap cliches(陈词滥调). Society of the Snow(2023)IMDb: 7.7/10 | Runtime:144 minutesIn 1972, a Uruguayan flight crashed on the way to Chile, and the survivors of the wreck had to work together to survive in the treacherously cold weather. This real-life event is the subject of Society of the Snow. With a budget of 60 million euros, the film is the most expensive Spanish film ever made.21．For those who value online scoring, which film would be their top choice?A．The Matrix. B．American Symphony.C．Nyad. D．Society of the Snow.22．What do the last three films have in common?A．They are high-budget films.B．They are based on true stories.C．They have the duration within two hours.D．They have been successful at the box office.23．Who is the text intended for?A．Film critics. B．Film makers. C．Movie-goers. D．Cinema staff.BI used to want to be a zookeeper, but after becoming a wildlife rescue worker, I found that this work is even more valuable than I thought. Not only can I help injured wild animals, but I can also facilitate their return to the wild. We make every effort to accomplish this goal: hiding food under rocks and fallen leaves to simulate (模拟) a natural environment, or doing our best to maintain some distance from the animals and prevent them from bonding with humans.I am often asked whether I feel at all sad when it's time to release the animals - to tell you the truth, I'm always pretty willing to let them go. All of my efforts have been toward allowing them to return to the wild, and the wild is where they belong, so there's no reason for reluctance on my part. But it is true that sometimes there is no way for an animal to go back to the wild, or to keep it from bonding with humans.Last year, I rescued a light-vented bulbul (白头鹎). The bird, initially lacking feathers, recovered under our care. It was scheduled for release during its adolescent period, during which it's relatively easy to socialize. But an injury to its flight feathers delayed its return to the wild. The bird imprinted on humans during the following two months, which was a critical cognitive (认知的) development period, leading it to return to us after being released.When we engage in wildlife rescue, we have to teach animals how to maintain a high degree of caution around humans. If they become too trusting of humans, it is very likely that they will be harmed, and then our release attempt will have failed. But to look at things another way, our success depends not on the animals, or on our work here, but more so on the attitude that humanity has toward wild animals. If humans are trustworthy, then wild animals’ trust in humans would not be a bad thing, and our release attempt could then be successful.24．What do we know about the author's iob?A．It was his initial career choice.B．It forbids close interaction with animals.C．It mainly aims to cure the injured animals.D．It involves both rescue and release efforts.25．Which of the following best describes the author’s feeling to release the rescued animals?A．Ambitious. B．Cheerful. C．Sorrowful. D．Anxious. 26．Which is closest in meaning to “imprinted on” in paragraph 3?A．Was attached to B．Was aware of.C．Was sensitive to. D．Was cautious of.27．What is the key to the success of wildlife rescue work?A．Animals’ faith in humans.B．Human’s knowledge in the work.C．Human’s attitude towards animals.D．Animals’ ability to survive in the wild.CRena, 18 months, is a baby worker at a Japanese nursing home, hired to brighten the days of residents whose own grandchildren may rarely visit, The infants’ (婴儿) presence is meant to ease the loneliness that can come with growing older, especially in the rapidly ageing nation where a third of the population is over 65.The nursing home’s director, Kimie Gondo, came up with the idea of baby workers three years ago when her own newborn granddaughter was visiting and she saw how happy it made the residents. The nursing home now has about 70 baby workers strolling around the nursing home with their parents, mostly mothers.Rena and her colleagues are paid in diapers(纸尿裤) and ice cream. But those are not the only rewards. “Here she gets to interact with kids her age and also with grandfathers and grandmothers who are a bit more difficult to come across,”said Shinohara, Rena’s mother, who called the nursing home reside nts “great life teachers”Rena and her small colleagues work flexible hours but they don’t have long in the business— having to retire before the age of three. A key requirement for the toddlers is that they should speak as little as possible. That’s beca use older people can struggle to speak and communicate, especially if they have cognitive impairment(认知障碍). “In order to communicate on the same level, words are unnecessary,” she added.For nursing home residents, Gondo said, the visits from toddlers provide the common experience of family members from multiple generations living under the same roof. “Ev en if they enter a facility like this, they should be able to interact with people from various age groups on a daily basis,” she said. “I think that’s only natural.”28．Why does Kimie Gondo carry out her idea in the nursing home?A．To provide jobs for mothersB．To prevent the elderly from ageing.C．To amuse grandchildren during visits.D．To promote the well-being of the residents.29．What’s the extra benefit for the baby workers according to Shinohara?A．Tasty snacks. B．Parent-kid relationshipC．Daily essentials. D．Interpersonal experience.30．Why is there a restriction on retiring age of baby workers?A．Words might lessen the effect.B．Flexible hours could be guaranteed.C．Cognitive Impairment could be avoided.D．Over-aged workers have low language levels.31．Which can be the best title of this passage?A．Babies helping remove cognitive barriersB．Babies replacing caregivers in nursing homesC．Baby workers tackling loneliness of the elderlyD．Baby workers running a Japanese nursing homeDChildren exposed to videos by caregivers for their calming or “babysitting” benefits tended to use phrases and sentences with fewer words. A new study from Southern Methodist University psychologist Sarah Kucker and colleagues reveals that passive video use among children can negatively affect language development, but their caregiver’s motivations for exposing them to digital media could also lessen the impact.Published in the journal Acta Paediatrica, the study involved 302 caregivers of children between 17 and 30 months. Caregivers answered questions about their child’s words, sentences, and how much time they spend on different media activities each day. Those activities included video/TV, video games, video chat, and e-books, with caregivers explaining why they use each activity with their child. Print book reading was also compared.Researchers looked at the amount of media use and the reasons provided by caregivers for their children’s media use. These factors were then compared to the children’s vocabulary and length using two or more words together.The research reveals a negative association between high levels of digital media watching and children’s vocabulary development. However, the negative impact on language skills was lessene d when videos were used for educational purposes or to foster social connections — such as through video chats with family members.Kucker acknowledges that parents often use digital media to occupy children while they complete tasks. She suggests that caregivers need to consider what kind of videos and how much their children are watching, and whether they can interact with them during this period.Future research by Kucker and her colleagues will continue to explore the types of videos young children watch, how they use screens with others, and how that impacts language development. 32．What is the potential impact of being exposed to videos by caregivers on children?A．It enhances their vocabulary development.B．It has no significant effect on their language skills.C．It leads to the use of shorter phrases and sentences.D．It encourages them to read print books more often.33．What do paragraph 2 and 3 tell us about the study?A．Its research process. B．Its theoretical basis.C．Its underlying logic. D．Its scientific evidence.34．Under what circumstance can the negative impact be lessened?A．When children focus on tasks.B．When children get involved in the content.C．When videos serve as entertainment.D．When videos aid learning and bond building.35．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A．To point out the significance of the study.B．To bring out the focus of follow-up studies.C．To present the practical application of the findings.D．To discuss other affecting factors of babies’ growth.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。

1 I run a manufacturing company with about 350 employees, and I often do the interviewing and hiring myself. I like talking to potential salespeople, because they're our link to customers.得到你想要的工作哈维·B·麦凯我经营着一家有350名左右员工的制造公司，我本人常常要对求职者进行面试，决定是否聘用。

我喜欢与可能成为营业员的人交谈，因为他们会是我们与顾客联系的纽带。

2 When a recent college graduate came into my office not too long ago looking for a sales job, I asked him what he had done to prepare for the interview. He said he'd read something about us somewhere.不久前一个新近毕业的大学生到我办公室谋求一份销售工作。

我问他为这次面试做过哪些准备。

他说他在什么地方看到过有关本公司的一些情况。

3 Had he called anyone at Mackay Envelope Corporation to find out more about us? No. Had he called our suppliers? Our customers? No.他有没有给麦凯信封公司的人打过电话，好了解更多有关我们的情况？没打过。

他有没有给我们的供应厂商打过电话？还有我们的客户？都没有。

4 Had he checked with his university to see if there were any graduates working at Mackay whom he could interview? Had he asked any friends to grill him in a mock interview? Did he go to the library to find newspaper clippings on us?他可曾在就读的大学里查问过有没有校友在本公司就职，以便向他们了解一些情况?他可曾请朋友向他提问，对他进行模拟面试？可曾去图书馆查找过有关本公司的剪报？5 Did he write a letter beforehand to tell us about himself, what he was doing to prepare for the interview and why he'd be right for the job? Was he planning to follow up the interview with another letter indicating his eagerness to join us? Would the letter be in our hands within 24 hours of the meeting, possibly even hand-delivered? 他事先有没有写封信来介绍自己，告诉我们自己为这次面试在做哪些准备，自己何以能胜任此项工作？面试之后他是否打算再写一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的诚意？这封信会不会在面试后的24小时之内送到我们手上，也许甚至是亲自送来？6 The answer to every question was the same: no. That left me with only one other question: How well prepared would this person be if he were to call on a prospective customer for us? I already knew the answer.他对上述每一个问题的回答全都一样：没有。