2022高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第3板块理清复杂句式专题2定语从句对点训练含解析新人教

考点一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分that 人或物主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语（只引导限制性定语从句）which 物主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语who人主语、宾语whom 宾语、表语whose 人或物定语as 人或物主语、宾语、表语、主语补足语、宾语补足语留意that， which， who， whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略。

[2024浙江1月，56]Kim Cobb， a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta， is one of a small but growing minority of academics who/that are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.点拨该句中academics意为"学者"，是可数名词复数形式，所以关系词要用who/that。

[2024新高考Ⅱ，59]I decided that if I learned of a company that/which used a lot of plastic， I’d send it an email urging it to cut back.The old man who/whom/that my grandpa is playing chess with is an old friend of his.点拨该句中出现了两个be动词"is"，需留意其次个"is"才是主句谓语动词，第一个"is"为定语从句中的谓语动词。

[2024天津，6]Dr. Rowan， whose secretary resigned two weeks ago， has had to do all his own typing.1.that和which引导的定语从句只用that 的状况当先行词为 everything， anything， nothing， something， much， all， none，few， little（少）等不定代词时当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被the only， the very， all， any， little（少）， few， no等词修饰时当先行词既有人又有物时只用which 的状况在非限制性定语从句中关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时My brother was so kind that he gave me the very computer that I was eager to buy.Today， with the help of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System （BDS）， which is entirely built by Chinese engineers， we Chinese can easily find our way.All that happens during early years can influence children for the rest of their lives.The land is known for a historical site with beautifully colored walls， on which are painted the events of the past.2.as引导的限制性定语从句as引导的限制性定语从句主要用于the same...as...，such...as...和so...as...结构中。

第2讲单句语法填空1．Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear ________(stick) around in the environment and stay dangerous for longer periods of time.to stick[句意：与这有关的部分原因是这些杀虫剂似乎更长期地存在于环境中并持续具有危险性。

appear是连系动词，后接不定式作表语。

]2．________ (receive) your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly.To receive[句意：为了及时收到你购买的物品，要确保快递公司准确地知道你的地址。

此处是动词不定式作目的状语。

]3．However，many netizens on Sina Weibo don't think Ele.me is providing a wonderful service，saying it just want ________(make) money.to make[句意：然而，新浪微博的网民们并不认为饿了么在提供好的服务，说它只是想赚钱。

此处是不定式作宾语。

]4．This course is of great interest to students ________ (hope) to improve their writing skills.hoping[句意：希望能提高写作能力的学生对本课程有极大的兴趣。

此处是现在分词作定语。

]5．The young lady, ________ (make) several attempts to fix her cell phone, decided to have another try.having made[句意：这位年轻的女士试图修好她的手机，尝试好几次后决定再试一次。

第二讲定语从句Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Because the moon's body blocks direct radio munication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.解析：考查定语从句的引导词。

分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰a spot，且所填词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。

答案：where2．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.The artist's reputation had made him proud.解析：考查定语从句的引导词。

关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰paintings。

答案：whose3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)The Digital World is a set of volumes aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.解析：考查定语从句的引导词。

句意：《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。

句中先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。

故填that/which。

第二部分语法知识贯通专题七定语从句题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.[2021某某某某四校联考,67]Architects in ancient China, paid special attention to decoration,used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs.2.[2021四省八校开学考,67]He called artificial light a pollutant threatens nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals and affects plants and microorganisms.3.[2021某某某某质量监测,61]Even young people tend to take their leftovers home when dining out,most ofwould pack the dish in a doggie bag(给剩饭打的包) if the leftovers are still in good shape.4.[2021某某某某一诊,62]Today, with the help of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), is entirely built by Chinese engineers, we Chinese can easily find our way.5.[2021某某某某统一考试,56]The city of Flagstaff is dealing with that confusion through its Master Recycler program,goal is to shed light on the connection between personal consumption and climate change.6.[2021某某某某期中,42]The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11,1869, Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter.7.[2021某某某某学情调研,63]He then handed Todd a large bag, inside were clean shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.8.[2021某某某某摸底测试,68]Entrepreneurs are people start panies to develop new or improved products.9.[2021某某某某开学检测,18]The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.10.[2020皖南八校联考,61]In the morning, two artists, acting skills were wonderful, came to our school as planned.11.[2020某某省实验中学二诊,64]Still,when you start your journey of positive thinking,you shall meet wonderful new people,with you can share positive attitudes.12.[2020某某五校协作体联考,62]In China, a teahouse is a place people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize.13.[2020某某某某重点中学段考,67]Power walking uses both upper and lower body strength, results in stronger muscles and bones.14.[2020某某某某一诊,62]It cannot cover all Li endured to reach the top of the tennis world.15.[2020某某师大附中摸底考试,48]In a culture people function according to ritual, music is used to help govern them.B单句改错16.[2021某某四校适应性测试]A good many distinguished poets and writers have written many masterpieces about the appreciation of tea and the love for it, among them was Lu Yu in the T ang Dynasty.17.[2021某某某某学情调研]When it was time for me to leave, my grandfather gave me some gifts what I liked very much, and hugged me.18.[2021某某名校联考]Finally, we reached an open field, when there were many wild plants fit to eat.19.[2020某某某某一诊]It’s a book called ThreeHundredT angPoemsoftheTangDynasty, that was written by the famous poets in the T ang Dynasty.20.[2020某某示X高中名校联考]There are many different tea sets and almost all kinds of tea in his home, most of that I can’t name.21.[2020某某某某联考]Second, I often eat food what is healthy and safe.22.[2020某某某某九中考试]Being afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons that I rarely did well in school.题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.[2020新高考Ⅰ(某某),39]The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759.2.[2020某某,6]Dr. Rowan, secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.3.[2019全国Ⅱ,62]Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,she opened with her late husband Les.4.[2019某某,58] On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.5.[2019某某,21]We have entered into an agedreams have the best chance of ing true.6.[2019某某,11]Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.7.[2019,9] The students benefitting most from college are those are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).8.[2018 全国Ⅱ,69]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer remendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 9.[2018 某某,23]Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.10.[2018某某,2]Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.11.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),64]But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.12.[2017某某,28]In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.13.[2017某某11月,57]Like many things in life, it’s an ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, means you’ll just keep getting better and better.14.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),65]But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,I was the first Western TV reporter...15.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),67]Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.16.[2016某某,11]Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of has been proved.B单句改错17.[2020全国Ⅱ改错]Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.18.[2019全国Ⅰ改错]One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.19.[2018 全国Ⅰ改错]They also had a small pond which they raised fish.20.[2017丙卷(全国Ш)改错]Around me in this picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.21.[2016某某改错]The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.A专项语篇型填空(定语从句)The following is part of the story that most of my fellow students show interest in, the title of 1 I don’t seem to remember.Jane Platt, 2 travels to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person 3 witnesses a murder at London Victoria Station. The detective to 4 she gives her statement disappears. Jane goes to an office to answer the letter thatshe has received, 5 she discovers that her uncle Gordon, who lives in South America, has sent her a small box and tells her to open it only at the time 6 she is in real trouble. Jane, 7 parents have never mentioned Gordon, is skeptical of the box, 8 she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, who has not heard of the murder. Jane gives Groves the murdered man’s ticket found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, from 9 the murdered man came. On the train they meet a man, 10 says he knows Jane’s uncle Gordon.B语法填空[2021某某某某七中考试]Dressed in a flowing robe(长袍) 1 (decorate) with floral embroidery (花卉刺绣) from the past era, stylist Xiao Hang looks like she came from a time machine. She walks across the noisy Beijing subway, 2__ (attract) curious glances and questions.China 3 (wele) western fashion and futuristic technology during the past decades, 4 a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking at the past for their dressing choices. 5 (obvious), they prefer to put on traditional "hanfu", or "Han clothing".These historic 6 (costume) are enjoying a eback because the government is promoting traditional culture. Period dramas have also contributed to a 7 (great) interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand for it.Xiao, 8 used to work at a state-owned machine manufacturing pany, now runs her own hanfu business. She dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu-style weddings. However, there is still some way before the style reaches wide 9 (accept) in China. Many people say their hesitation is due to the odd looks they get when they’re wearing hanfu 10 public.C短文改错[2021某某某某摸底考试]Last weekend, our school was held an interesting activity, aiming to relieve us senior three students of pressure.Last Monday morning, our P.E. teacher told us we should prepare for an activity called "Tong Zhou Gong Ji", that means "being in the same boat". On hearing the news, I, together for my best friend, registered for it excited. The activity required effective cooperation with teammate. Therefore, we practiced the game after school during the following days. Under the guidance of their teacher, we mastered the skills and got prepared. Then es the big day. We managed to running fast at the same pace arm in arm. The playground was filled with laughter and cheers. A few minutes late, we crossed the finishing line.We did good job and felt very happy.答案专题七定语从句题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.who 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Architects"建筑师",指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,故此处用who引导。

第3讲　定语从句内容索引010203情境导入考点解读技法图解It was the summer of 2012,when①I came to Guangning No.1 Senior High School.Our school is a wonderful place,where② I can see a lot of beautiful buildings and a large square.Our classroom,the roof of which③ looks like a rocket in the distance,is located in the center of our school.The main reason why④ I like our school is that I can make many friends.I can get along with my classmates here,two of whom⑤are my best friends.The teacher whom⑥I like most is Mr Zhang,our math teacher.To be honest,I gradually fall in love with our school.用法感悟①when 为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为 。

②where 为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为 。

③the roof of which 为“the +名词+of+关系代词”,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为 。

④why 为关系副词,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为reason 。

⑤two of whom 为“数词+of+关系代词”,在定语从句中作 语,其先行词为 。

⑥whom 为关系代词,在定语从句中作宾语,其先行词为 。

时间状2012地点状place 主classroom 原因状主classmates teacher考点1 关系代词引导定语从句时需注意的3组辨析一、关系代词that与which的用法辨析只用that的情况:1.先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词;2.先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰;3.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰,或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级;4.先行词被the only,the very (正是、恰是),the last等修饰;5.先行词中既有人也有物;6.在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中引导定语从句。

第二部分语法知识贯通专题二非谓语动词题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.[2021四川绵阳一诊,67]BeiDou Navigation Satellite System adopts a unique two-way communication system, including its ability (receive) messages sent by people from areas with poor signals.2.[2021天津八校联考,28] (release) on September 25,2020, Leap, which focuses on the story of Chinese Women Volleyball Team, soon became a great hit.3.[2021安徽江淮十校二测,42]Though he studied for the civil service exam to becomea civil servant like his father, Du Fu failed (pass) and spent many years traveling.4.[2021山西太原质量监测,63]The people born in the 1980s or 1990s believe that (save) food is a virtue.5.[2021黑龙江哈尔滨部分学校第一次考试,64]Plum rains, often (occur)during June and July, refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather.6.[2021河南名校联考,61 & 62]Ant Forest (found) by Ant Financial Services Group has received a 2019 Champions of the Earth award, the UN’s highest environmental honor. Ant Forest improves greener lifestyles by inspiring users (reduce) carbon emissions in their daily lives and better protect the environment.7.[2021江苏百校联考,67 & 68]You may have noticed how busy tree squirrels are in fall, (search) for every last seed and nut that can be found and stocking their tree homes with enough food (get) them through winter.8.[2021贵州贵阳摸底考试,70]I also look forward to (open) chances to expose the people of my country to Chinese culture.9.[2021山西太原质量监测,64]Young people also give their opinions on how (help)reduce food waste.10.[2021陕西百校联盟第一次模拟,61]A 56-year-old enthusiastic backyard birdwatcher named Stuart Dahlquist spent years (leave) out food for a family of crows. 11.[2021河北衡水中学期中,80]Busily (employ) in cleaning his shoes, he didn’t notice my coming.12.[2021广东四市名校联考,36]A massive wildfire forces thousands of people (flee) their homes.13.[2021辽宁六校协作体联考,60]The plants are irrigated by (use) a simple drip system(滴灌系统).14.[2020广东六校联考,62]The tea from China is in great abundance. (tell) ifa pot of tea is nice you can mainly rely on the color, smell, taste and form.15.[2020山东临沂期中,64]People with a healthy lifestyle and good genetic inheritance(遗传特征)tend(score)"younger" on these assessments.16.[2020四川绵阳一诊,61]Li Na became the first Asian-born player (head) to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2019.17.[2020湖南益阳、湘潭两市教学质量测评,43]They are as important as a birthday cake with its candles (light) in western countries.18.[2020黑龙江大庆铁人中学期中,14]The careless driver is (blame) for the traffic accident that happened yesterday.B单句改错19.[2021豫湘名校联考]I think attend extra classes during the weekends will make me to rely on them.20.[2021江西名校第二次联考]After get home,I talked to my parents about my idea.21.[2021吉林省吉林市一调]I have a good command of English and I’m confident in giving players guidance and help as requiring.22.[2021黑龙江八校联考]I appreciate the beauty hiding in literature.23.[2021安徽四校适应性测试]Tea has a long history in China, dated back to 5, 000 years ago.24.[2021河南新乡一模]Only by making good preparations for exams can we avoid suffer from the pressure.25.[2021江西临川一中考试]People will surely take it for granted that they have the duty prevent any killing of wild animals.26.[2021四省八校开学考]Some students play mobile phones or sleep in class, waste large quantities of precious time.27.[2021山西运城期中]I’m glad to hear that you a re considering make up with Peter.28.[2020辽宁五校协作体联考]From then on,we managed to spare half an hour every day to reading books,however busy we were.29.[2020河北石家庄摸底考试]Journey to the West is a fantastic story setting in the Tang dynasty.30.[2020安徽示范高中名校联考]I often help making tea and drink together with him.题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.[2020全国П,65]They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.2.[2020全国Ш,69]And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.3.[2020浙江,63]Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.4.[2020北京,5]It takes them hundreds of years (break) down.5.[2020天津,4] (help)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.6.[2020江苏,31]Technological innovations, (combine)with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.7.[2020浙江1月,57]The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30 — today it is 41 and is expected (increase) to 42 by 2050.8.[2019全国Ι,64]Modern methods...are expensive (perform) consistently over a large area.9.[2019全国П,65]…she had no plans(retire) from her 36-year-old business.10.[2019全国П,68]When w e got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.11.[2019全国Ш,62]On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take (get) there.12.[2019天津,10]Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially (design)to help them succeed academically and personally.13.[2019江苏,32]China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries (recognize) its role in international affairs.14.[2018全国Ш,64 & 65]I quickly lower m yself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel(challenge).15.[2018全国П,70]China’s approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers wo rldwide," says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.16.[2018浙江11月,62]Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem (call) caffeinism.17.[2018全国Ι,62]You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.18.[2018北京,10]Ordinary soap, (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.19.[2018江苏,26]Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, (exceed)the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.20.[2018全国Ш,70]Once his message was delivered, he allowed me(stay) and watch.21.[2018天津,7]I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph (take).22.[2018北京,3] (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.23.[2018浙江,59]I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here f or five years…24.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),63]Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process) the food that we eat...25.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),61]But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term (rest).26.[2017北京,27]Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online (save) their valuable time.27.[2017北京,30]The national park has a large collection of wildlife, (range) from butterflies to elephants.28.[2017天津,10]I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch).29.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),65]But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.30.[2016四川,64]For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something (eat)!31.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),64]People probably cooked their food in large pots, (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.32.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),63]Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create)special designs.33.[2016天津,4]The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, (make)air conditioning unnecessary.34.[2016乙卷(全国Ι),67]My ambassadorial duties will include(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.B单句改错35.[2020全国Ш改错]I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.36.[2019全国Ш改错]If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.37.[2019全国Ш改错]Now my dream is to opens a cafe.38.[2018全国Ш改错]Everyone was silent, wait to see who would...39.[2018全国П改错]As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many timesI asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.40.[2016甲卷(全国П)改错]We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.41.[2016丙卷(全国Ш)改错]I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.A专项语篇型填空(非谓语动词)Standing at the window of an expensive shop was a young woman 1 (dress)in blue jeans. She went in and asked 2 (see) a dress in the window. The assistant 3 (serve) her did not like the way she dressed and told her the dress was sold. Thewoman walked out of the shop angrily. 4 (decide) to punish the assistant, the woman returned to the shop the following morning. Finding the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, he was eager 5 (serve)her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window 6 (get) the dress. Seeing this, the woman said that she didn’t like it. She made the assistant7 (bring) almost everything in the window before finally 8 (buy) the dress shehad asked for at first. She was very pleased with what she had done.9 (recognize)the woman by now, the assistant didn’t feel angry. Instead, he feltsorry for what he had done the day before, 10 (apologize) to her for what he had done. The woman forgave him and later became a regular customer of the shop.B语法填空[2021山东部分重点中学综合测试]Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of Yunnan province, was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 1 sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 2 (see) that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 3 (immediate) got a burst of inspiration.She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and come back to write something like a poem. Much __4 her surprise, the works written by the students were far beyond her expectations!Inspired by that class, Kang founded the non-profit organization, Enlighten Our Future, to help Chinese youngsters improve their mental well-being and their exam grades through poetry composition and 5 (appreciate). She managed to persuade 13 schools 6 (adopt) the "Four-Season Poetry Lessons" project, with a teaching plan, content and methods she provided. So far, the poetry lessons 7 (design) by the organization have helped 68,000 students in 823 primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future 8 (run) by three full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers, 280 backups and more than 1,000 volunteers.What’s great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 9 (effect) way to communicate with oneself, she says. "What they need is not sympathy, but recognition, 10 I think will influence their whole life."C短文改错[2021山西太原质量检测]In order to celebrated National Day and the Mid-Autumn Festival,and we had an 8-day holiday.After it,my classmates and I were talking about how to do during the holiday excitedly.Then we decided to go to help the farmers instead of stay at home.As soon as we arrived at farm,we were attracted by the apples hanging on the branches.We couldn’t wait to pick the apples,which were the most interesting work.Particular,we were allowed to choose what we liked best and taste them.We d idn’t feel boring at all even though the job was tiring.We worked for 5 hours happily unless the sun set.答案专题二非谓语动词题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.to receive 此处考查固定用法ability to do sth."做某事的能力"。

第二局部攻克多变的动词第一讲 谓语动词动词的时态和语态考点一一般现在时与一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时是近几年语法填空必考的语法工程，而且考查的均是最根本的用法。

(一)一般现在时一般现在时常用来表示习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态。

1．谓语动词的构成：do/does(下面所有的谓语动词的构成皆以do 为例)2．根本用法(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。

常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, never, sometimes, usually, every day/night 等连用。

On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.周一早晨开车上班我一般要花费一个小时，虽然实际距离只有20英里。

(2)表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。

表示客观真理时，即使主句是一般过去时，宾语从句还要用一般现在时。

As we all know, the earth travels around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。

(3)表示按规定、时间表、方案或安排要发生的动作。

谓语动词是come ，go ，arrive ，leave ，start ，begin，return ，live ，fly 等，可以用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。

My dream school starts at 8∶30 am and ends at 3∶30 pm.我理想的学校上午8∶30上课，下午3∶30放学。

(4)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

They will stand by you even if you don't succeed .即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。

板块一复杂多变的动词第1讲谓语动词考点1一般时态一、一般现在时1. 一般现在时的构成一般现在时由动词原形或动词第三人称单数构成。

动词be的第一人称单数形式用am，第三人称单数形式用is，其他人称形式均用are。

动词have的第三人称单数形式用has。

实义动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则见下表：变化规则例词一般情况直接加-s hate→hates结尾为-s，-x，-sh，-ch 或-o，在词尾加-esdiscuss→discusseswash→washesteach→teachesfix→fixes go→goes结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加-es carry→carries study→studies(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。

常与副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, never, sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。

He often goes to work by bus, and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner every day.他经常乘公共汽车去上班，而且每天饭后和妻子一块散步。

(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作或事件。

常见的有go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, take off等动词(词组)。

Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18：20.看看时间表。

快点儿吧！4026航班将在18：20起飞。

(3)在状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。

If it is fine tomorrow, we will go there.要是明天晴天，我们就去那里。

第四讲特殊句式特殊句式作为英语表达的一种特殊形式，在某些场合会起到强调、简洁、有力、表述地道的作用，在高考试题中不乏对此的考查，考生在备考过程中要关注这种句式结构的用法。

考点一强调句式陈述句：It is/was＋被强调局部＋that/who...一般疑问句：Is/Was＋被强调局部＋that/who...?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...?It is/was not until...＋that...直到……才It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。

It was not until twelve o'clock last night that I went to bed.昨天晚上我一直到十二点才上床睡觉。

Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的吗？2．强调句式强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do，does或did。

The family did manage to send him to a technical school.家里确实设法让他上技术学校。

考点二倒装(1)当否认词或带有否认意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用局部倒装。

这类词或短语有：little，few，never，seldom，rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way，no sooner，hardly，scarcely等。

2022《走向高考》高三人教英语一轮总复习第一部分高考专项突破2A2022·辽宁，DInide the fortabe, regarde of their circumtance，” Bir a SAME' munication with Euroine, it remove the toateria it want Striining tota detro the and Gradua, the ove iand of Nauru tarted to oo ie the moonIn 1968, Nauru became one of the richet countrie in the word Ever ear the government received miion and miion of doar for it one unwie and ot miion of doar In addition, the ued miion more doar for —their ot financia ruined Eate $433, 600, 000 and more than 20 ear to reight be the author'B．To give a warning to other countrieC．To how the imoneD．To te a heartbreaing tor of a war答案：B 主旨大意题。

文章第一段提到瑙鲁前后的变化以及该段最后一句“other countrie might earn from it mitae”可知作者的写作目的是为了引起其他国家的重视，以示警告。

故选B项。

8．What wa Nauru ie before the EuroeA．Rich and ote iand of Nauru，far from wetern civiiation”可知瑙鲁在欧洲人到来之前是一个安定而美丽的地方。

第二部分语法专项突破第三板块理清复杂句式专题三名词性从句————————————◄对点训练►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年全国卷Ⅰ)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.解析：分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。

答案：that2. (2019年北京卷) What students do at college seems to matter much more than ________ they go.解析：在介词than后用where引导宾语从句，where在从句中作状语。

此处表示“学生在大学里做什么事似乎远比在哪里上大学更加重要”。

答案：where3. (2018年江苏卷)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived.解析：句意：坐船是到达这里的唯一方式，我们就是坐船到达这里的。

which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中空处引导的是表语从句，结合语境和By boat可知，此处意为“到达这儿的方式”，所以要用how引导。

答案：how4. (2018年天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.解析：句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。

第二部分语法专项突破第三板块理清复杂句式专题四状语从句————————————◄对点训练►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.解析：句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。

根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。

答案：unless2. (2018年天津卷)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.解析：句意：到这个周末我们再摘这些桃子吧，那样的话它们就甜得可以吃了。

由空后的内容可判断，空处引导目的状语从句，故答案为that，即so that引导目的状语从句。

答案：that3. (2018年江苏卷)________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.解析：句意：除非你睡得很好，否则一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力，无法做计划，也无法保持干劲了。

根据语境可知，此处考查条件状语从句，unless＝if...not意为“除非……，如果不……”。

答案：Unless4. (2018年北京卷)________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.解析：句意：如果我们不制止气候变化，世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。

第二部分 语法专项突破第三板块 理清复杂句式专题一 句子成分和句子分析————————————◄ 对 点 训 练 ►———————————Ⅰ.在下划线的下面写出句子成分例：She'd ask me ①宾语if there was someonefor whom I had done special kindness ②定语从句． 1．I mentioned the poet's ① offer to James Kemdedy, and the next day he sent ②a check covering our entire rent ③for eight months. 答案：①定语 ②谓语 ③定语2．I really ①love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like ②the challenges and awards from the job ③. 答案：①状语 ②谓语 ③定语3．He 'd eat ① after he'd been through the cave, sitting ②on the rocks and staring at the sea ③. 答案：①谓语 ②状语 ③宾语4．I didn't know who ①I should talk with about how I was feeling ②. 答案：①宾语 ②宾语从句5．I wondered what kind of person ① he had been ten or twentyyears before ②， and what he would be like if luck ③had gone his way. 答案：①表语 ②状语 ③主语6．Their note that came with itsaid ①that helping ②me had made their holidays meaningful ③. 答案：①谓语 ②主语 ③宾语补足语7．We couldn't afford all the necessary medication ①for him, and because Dad was unable to work ②， I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy ③food for dinner.答案：①宾语 ②表语 ③谓语8．I knew that I had a natural ability with words ①and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created ②a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life ③. 答案：①定语 ②谓语 ③宾语9．He ran down to the beach ①impatiently, but there was no one, just dry sand ②dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves ③. 答案：①宾语 ②动名词的逻辑主语 ③状语10．One tiny 9­inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring ①,has already taken over ②much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well ③on its way to the front door.答案：①定语 ②谓语 ③谓语Ⅱ.用横线画出下列语段中连接并列句的连词1. (全国卷阅读理解)It w as my six­year­old son's winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.答案：It was my six­year­old son's winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.2. (全国卷阅读理解)It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reachedfrom Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.答案：It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious painting s to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.3. (湖北卷阅读理解)For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.答案：For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.4. (重庆卷阅读理解)Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.答案：Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.Ⅲ.用横线画出下列句子中主句的主语或主语部分的核心词1. (湖北卷阅读理解)In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.答案：In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.2. (湖北卷阅读理解)Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.答案：Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.3. (重庆卷阅读理解)One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.答案：One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.Ⅳ.用横线画出下列句子中的谓语动词1. (陕西卷阅读理解)He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I must be hungry.答案：He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I mustbe hungry.2. (辽宁卷阅读理解)My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.答案：My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.3. (福建卷阅读理解)Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone­like glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.答案：Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone­like glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.4. (北京卷阅读理解)Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.答案：Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.5. (浙江卷阅读理解)He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn't make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows (犁), or any of other hundreds of things a farm needs.答案：He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn't make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows (犁), or any of other hundreds of things a farm needs．Ⅴ.用横线画出下列句子的表语1. (福建卷阅读理解)I was sad and searched everywhere for it.答案：I was sad and searched everywhere for it.2. (陕西卷阅读理解)Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of thissociety?答案：Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society?3. (山东卷阅读理解)Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office.答案：Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office.4. (天津卷阅读理解)I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.答案：I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.5. (浙江卷阅读理解)Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria.答案：Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria.Ⅵ.用横线画出下列句子中的定语1. (山东卷阅读理解)Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt.答案：Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt.2. (山东卷阅读理解)The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.答案：The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars．3. (天津卷阅读理解)It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.答案：It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.4. (浙江卷阅读理解)By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.答案：By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest,most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.Ⅶ.用横线画出下列句子中的状语并写出其类型1. (湖南卷阅读理解)From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen.答案：From the moment of my arrival at the little school 时间， all gloom(忧郁) disappeared.Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom 时间, I was greeted with smiling faces 方式and treated like a queen 方式． 2. (湖南卷阅读理解)A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin­based nonprofit that aimsto promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That's what we're going to do for our spring break ！”答案：A year ago 时间， shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization 时间， a Wisconsin­based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood 地点by making books freely available 方式， she announced to her family of four, “That's what we're going to do for our spring break 目的！”。