2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology单元检测A_语言基础扎根练+阅读理解提速练北师大版选修7

Unit 21Human BiologyⅠ.单句语法填空1．It’s high time that we got down to ____________ (deal) with the problem of food safety.答案：dealing2．He needn’t have stood in a queue；he should ____________(get) the ticket from the machine.答案：have got3．It is unwise to pursue economic development ____________ the cost of the environment.答案：at4．There are still many people suffering a lot，and we are to do something to wipe ____________ poverty.答案：out5．You could answer most of the questions now if you ____________(review) the lessons last night.答案：had reviewed6．Make sure that all the plans must ____________ (submit) by Tuesday.答案：be submitted7．He tried to persuade me to give up smoking，but ____________ vain.答案：in8．The boy，though brought ____________ in the countryside，has a strong interest in the colorful city life.答案：up9．It is necessary to prohibit people ____________(use) mobile phones in some places.答案：using10．Please equip yourself ____________ a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.答案：withⅡ.阅读理解(2019·陕西五校联盟高三模拟)It seems hard to watch someone yawn and not to yawn ourselves.Even reading about yawning can make you do it.Now，a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force.Yawning when others yawn，the study suggests，is a sign of pity and a form of social connection.Kids don’t develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four，the study found.Kids with autism (自闭症) are less likely to catch yawns.In the most serious cases，they never do.Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly.The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people communicate and connect.“Emotional infection seems to be a born thing that connects us together，”said Molly Helt，a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut.“Yawning may be part of that.” Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane.She repeatedly yawned at him，hoping he would yawn back.He never did.“The fact that autistic kids don’t do it might mean they’re really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them，” she said.“The biggest thing people try to figure out afterbirth is how we become humans and understand that humans have minds that are different from others’，” she added.“Autistic people never seem to understand that.”Like infectious (有感染力的) laughter and crying，scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection.Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group.【文章大意】最新研究显示：打哈欠是怜悯心和社会关系的一种表现形式，会在人与人之间相互传染。

Unit 21Human Biology(对应学生用书第145页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．doubtful adj. 怀疑的，不肯定的2．seek v t.寻找3．entry n. 进入；入学4．treat v. 款待5．rebuild v t.重建6．routine n. 常规；惯例7．teamwork n. 协作；配合8．weekly adj.每周一次的9．deadline n. 截止日期，最后日期10．decline v i.下降11．vote v i.表决12．interval n. 间隔；间歇13．fundamental adj.根本的，基础的14．compulsory adj.强制性的，义务的15．controversial adj.有争议的16．contradict v t.与(其他事物)相矛盾17．ample adj.充足的，充裕的18．postpone v t.推迟，延期19．symptom n. 症状20．temporary adj.临时的；短暂的Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．tolerate v t.容忍→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n. 容忍2．oppose v t.反对→opposite adj.相反的→opposition n. 相反3．privilege n. 特权；优惠，优待→privileged adj.荣幸的4．try v. 试验n. 尝试→trial n. 实验5．prohibit v t.禁止→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令6．unite v t.联合；团结；统一→union n. 团结→united adj.团结的7．faith n. 信心→faithful adj.忠诚的，忠实的；正确的，可靠的8．equip v t.使有准备→equipment n. 装备；设备9．fortune n. 大笔钱财，巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→misfortune n. 不幸10．concern n. 担心；担忧→concerned adj.关心的，牵挂的；有关的→concerning prep. 关于11．annual adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的→annually ad v. 一年一次地，每年地，年度地12．prohibit v t.禁止→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令→prohibitive adj.禁止的13．submit v t.认为；提交→submission n. 屈从，屈服；意见；提交→submissive adj.服从的14．rob v t.使丧失；抢劫→robber n. 抢劫犯→robbery n. 抢劫15．violate v t.违反，违背→violation n. 违反，违背Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Her toleration(tolerate) of his brazen attitude is enough to show her great tolerance. 2．From now on any violation(violate) of the regulation must be cruelly punished. 3．Tomorrow is the last date for submission(submit) of entries for the competition. 4．Where money is concerned(concern)，I always try to be very careful. 5．Compared with other newspapers，this newspaper gave a faithful(faith) account of the event.6．The students living far away from the school were strongly opposed to the plan.Their opposition prevented the plan from being carried out.(oppose)7．As we all know，an annual meeting is held annually．(annual)8．Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous sum of money，making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.But they were soon caught by the police.(rob)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．in vain 徒然，白费力气2．at random 随便地，随意地3．at all costs 不管多大代价；无论如何4．straight away 立刻，马上5．wipe out 彻底毁灭6．stop sth. in its tracks 终止；消灭7．rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物8．at any rate 无论如何；至少9．get down to 开始做10．bring up 教育；抚养；呕吐11．get through 通过(考试)；完成12．clear up 整理；解释；澄清；放晴13．put off 推迟；延期14．miss out 遗漏；遗忘；错过机会15．focus on 聚焦；集中；对准Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)2．They tried to make her happy but in vain．3．I'll just read through the form again to make sure I haven't missed anything out．4．I've made up my mind to attain my purpose at all costs．5．They have decided to put off handing in their reports.6．Had the boy worked harder，he would have got through the exams.7．The market researchers interviewed people at random in the street.8．It's not a easy task for you to bring up a small child on your own.9．It's time I got down to thinking about that essay.10．At any rate there will be no wedding presents in heaven.11．It is raining now，but I think it will clear up soon.12．Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.[拓展联想][句式 结构仿写](对应学生用书第147页)精讲6个考纲单词seek vt.寻找；寻求；追求；探求；探索；试图[高考佳句] When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride ，immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.(2017·北京高考)当一些人为占小便宜而拒绝接种疫苗时，免疫力出现问题而使大家甚至处在更危险的境地.人年复一年地寻求心灵的平静，却很难如愿以偿.②Half an hour later，he sought out his friend in the crowd.半小时后，他在人群中找到了他的朋友.③He went to seek his fortune to America last year.去年他去了美国去寻找致富之路.oppose vt.&vi.反对；反抗[教材原句]Gene-therapy is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.基因疗法存在很大的争议，许多人反对进一步研究.上课.②I have been consistently opposed to feeding (feed) a baby regularly.我一贯反对按时定期地喂养婴儿.prohibit v．(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止[教材原句]Since the SARS epidemic ended，scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.自从SARS流行病结束以来，科学家们一直在对治疗进行反复试验以阻止任何未来疫情的突然爆发.禁止游客喂食动物.②It was the bad weather that prohibited their going (go) to the science museum.是糟糕的天气阻止了他们去参观科学博物馆.③They voted in favor of the prohibition (prohibit) of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成在公共场合禁止吸烟.链接写作【导学号：33220076】在公共场所随意吐痰是被禁止的.①Spitting freely in the public places is forbidden．②Spitting freely in the public places is prohibited．decline v．衰落，减少；下降；婉言谢绝n．衰落，衰败；减少，下降[高考佳句]Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children.(2016·江苏高考·阅读理解B)甚至猩猩妈妈也经常拒绝与孩子分享食物.regulations came into effect.自从新的交通法规实施以来，闯红灯的人数下降了.②The intense competition from overseas has caused the cotton industry to fall into a decline.来自海外的激烈竞争导致国内棉花产业的衰退.equip vt.使有准备；配备；装备[经典例句]The boys equipped themselves with torches and rope，and set off.(牛津词典)男孩们带上火把和绳索出发了.他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道.②He is equipped with much experience in teaching.他具有丰富的教学经验.③My mother bought a useful piece of equipment (equip) for the kitchen yesterday. 昨天，妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备.submit vt.提交；递交vi.服从，屈服[教材原句]You were supposed to submit it on the 14th June.你本应该在6月14日提交它(文章).the pain.绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以减轻疼痛.②I have asked that his proposal be submitted to a special committee.我已经要求他的建议要提交给一个专门的委员会.【导学号：33220077】战败的人们不得不服从新的统治者.①The people had to submit themselves to the new rulers when they lost the war.②The people had to submit to the new rulers when they lost the war.③The people had to give in to the new rulers when they lost the war.诠释2个核心短语at all costs不惜代价地，无论如何[教材原句]The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神.We must cherish experience acquired at the cost of our own blood.心血换来的经验我们必须珍惜.②The new building's going up at a cost of $82 million.修建这座新大楼要花费8 200万美元.③We are determined to obtain our rights at any cost.我们决定要不惜一切代价获取我们的权利.wipe out彻底毁灭；全部摧毁[教材原句]Epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.流行病可以毁灭居住在城市的多达一半的人口.I hastily wiped down/up the milk I had spilled.我连忙把洒出来的牛奶擦干净.②Your arms are my castle；your heart is my sky.They wipe off tears that I cry.你的手臂就是我的城堡，你的心就是我的天空.他们擦去我哭泣的眼泪.突破2个高考句型)It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are(教材Ponly tested at random.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查.It is compulsory for...为“It is＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do...”结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语.It's important for you to arrive there on time.重要的是你们能准时到达那儿.②It is careless of Kate to lose so many things.凯特丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了.链接写作【导学号：33220078】①(普通表达)Tom drove after drinking wine.It was dangerous.(高级表达)It is dangerous for Tom to drive after drinking wine.(it作形式主语)②(普通表达)It is possible for him to find his lost key.(高级表达)It is possible that he will find his lost key. (改为含有that从句的复合句) )The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises(教材Ptaking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神.rather than为并列连词，表示选择，意为“而不是”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rather than前后两部分在成分和形式上应该一致.①If you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining.如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方法是行动，而不是抱怨.②We must do good rather than evil，on however humble a scale.(谚)勿因善小而不为，勿因恶小而为之.③Mary，rather than you，is(be) responsible for the work.是玛丽而不是你应对这项工作负责.④I prefer to die rather than give in to him.＝I prefer dying to giving in (give in) to him.＝I would die rather than give in to him.我宁死也不向他屈服.(教材P34)In the future，athletes who have their genes changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.在将来，那些经过基因改变的运动员有可能在8秒内跑完100米或在不到两小时内跑完马拉松.have sth.done中过去分词作宾补，表示被动的含义，有时也可用get sth.done来替换，该结构的意思是“使某事被做”，有时翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”.我通常在星期天洗衣服，但不是自己洗.②We had the machine mended (mend) just now.我们刚才请人把机器修好了.③You'd better have your car running (run) slowly.你最好把车子开慢点.[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型————————————————(对应学生用书第149页)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It's possible for him to open a new company of his own.2．They always look for excuses to postpone doing (do) something.3．If Bob had come (come) here yesterday，he could have seen Jackie Chan.4．I could have worked (work) out the problem，but I was too nervous. 5．—Excuse me，where is the nearest bank?—Go straight ahead；you can't miss it，which is a huge building.6．Please don't spit or throw rubbish everywhere at random.7．Robbed (rob) of her gold necklace，which is meaningful to her，she became unhappy.8．Nobody can tolerate being cheated (cheat)，and that's why he has no friend.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It was reported that all children had physically and emotionally abused.had后加been2．I always have faith he will come to our party in person.faith后加that3．They are urgently seeking out the posts where they are well paid.out→after/for4．No matter how hard the situation is，you should not lose your heart.去掉your5．Tom，rather than you，are responsible for the task.are→is6．It is nice for you to give us so much help.for→of7．He made fortune in his business trade last year.made后加a8．Thankfully，this is a disease that is now in the decline.in→on(对应学生用书第150页)Ⅰ.课文语法填空请根据Lesson 1的课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Now “cheating”is used not only in exams but also in sports or games.When 1.referring(refer) to “cheating” in the games，we come 2.across the issue of performance-enhancing drugs.These drugs are originally developed 3.to help(help) people with illnesses，but now they also create supreme athletes making them faster and stronger than is normal for human beings.Taking these drugs is known as “doping”，4.which can cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them，but some athletes seek to achieve beyond their 5.natural(nature) limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.The sports world doesn't tolerate doping 6.as it is a fundamental form of cheating.To our surprise，some athletes，7.including (include) some world-record keepers or breakers 8.violated(violate) the rule.9.Unfortunately(fortunate)，it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.10.Unless we are careful，“gene­therapy”will be the next big threat.Ⅱ.写作改错双练请根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作.1．在本次田径比赛中，他因滥用兴奋剂而被查处.(track and field，abuse，stimulant) 2．服用兴奋剂不但损害人的肝脏，也违背了运动精神，这样做是荒谬的.(liver，violate，it is＋adj.＋to do)3．所以服用兴奋剂这样的犯罪行为无论如何不能被人容忍，也是被严格禁止的.(crime，at any rate，tolerate，prohibit)4．希望在不久的将来类似服用兴奋剂的事件不再出现.(it is hoped that)第一步练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文.第二步练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处错误，请你帮他纠正过来.He was investigated due to abuse of stimulants in this track and field competition. Not only did taking it damage the liver, but also violates the spirits of the sports, so it is absurd to do them. Therefore such crime cannot be tolerated at any rate and it is prohibited strict, too. Such incident is hoped to be stop in its tracks in the near future. 【答案】He was investigated due to ∧the abuse of stimulants in this track and fieldcompetition. Not onlydiddoes taking it damage the liver, but also violates the spirits ofthe sports, so it is absurd to do themit. Therefore such crime cannot be tolerated at anyrate and it is prohibitedstrictstrictly，too. Such incident is hoped to bestopstopped in itstracks in the near future.。

Unit 21 Human Biology单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1．It is clear that high­tech equipment (设备) has become popular among teenagers and changed their way of life.2．I offered to give them a lift but they declined (谢绝)．3．They voted in favor of the prohibition (禁止) of smoking in public areas.4．Fresh air is fundamental (基础的) to good health.5．We can't judge what he did until we know all the circumstances (情况)．6．Your suggestion was submitted (提交) to the commission for its consideration.7．Few analysts foresaw (预料) that oil prices would rise so steeply.8．The witness statements contradict (与……矛盾) each other and the facts remain unclear.9．Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune (fortunate) and wealth.10．After years of regular treatment (treat), she finally became healthy.11．He is concerned (concern) only about things that he feels are important to himself.12．I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite (oppose) direction.13．The police were looking into the pearl robbery (rob)．14．She had been faithful (faith) to her promise to keep this secret.15．In the United (union) States alone, over 100 million cell­phones are thrown away each year.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It's important of you to arrive there on time.of→for2．She preferred to go with us rather than staying at home.staying→stay3．It's up to you to decide who you would like to have hosted the party next week.hosted→host 4．The hero saved the boy's life out of the burning library at a cost of his own life.a→the5．He established a training school years ago and did make fortune._make后加a6．I doubt that he has really understood what I said.that→whether7．Our school is equipped with much advanced equipments bought from abroad.equipments→equipment 8．Well, I'm definitely opposed to play football in the streets.play→playing Ⅲ.补全句子1．由于掌握了一些特殊技能，我们的学生可以更好的适应社会。

课时作业(二十六)题型组合练——练规范(阅读理解＋语法填空＋短文改错＋书面表达)限时：55分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A“De­extinction”，the idea that extinct(绝种的)animals can be brought back through cloning or genetic(基因的) engineering，has attracted the interest of a small group of scientists.The topic has made the cover of National Geographic Magazine.Supporters say they are doing it for moral reasons and because we“miss”the extinct animals. They blame human exploitation(such as trapping，hunting,habitat destruction)of the extinct animals,but their plans,though they sound exciting,are exploitation in another form.Considering the imperfect science of cloning,de­extinction would cause animals suffering.Most animals born of such experiments would suffer serious diseases,dying soon after birth or having a shortened lifetime. Spanish and French scientists worked for years to bring the Pyrenean ibex,a species of wild goat,back from extinction by cloning.In2009,they succeeded only in producing a sick baby goat that died10minutes after birth.For these animals to be born,other animals would live in captivity,in a lab or elsewhere,and serve as mother substitutes(代用品)，routinely having operations as part of the cloning process.For example,elephants would be kept in captivity to carry woolly mammoth(猛犸)babies for nearly two years.Such experiments often lead to other animals'unhappiness as well.If extinct animals are successfully brought back,where would they go?Their original habitats have developed and changed without them.They are unlikely to survive in the natural environment,but,if they do manage to survive, they will affect their environment in unpredictable ways,presenting a new threat to the ecological system.If the animals born through de­extinction are stuck in zoos and museums instead,what good is that?It is exploitation,not a solution.It would be better to apply creative thinking about protection to the real­life problems of today's world. De­extinction takes attention away from the difficult situation of endangered animals.Discussions about woolly mammoth cloning do nothing to stop the illegal killings of endangered wild African elephants.Money would be better used to prevent human conflict with wildlife and their ecosystems.Let's keep de­extinction in the world of science fiction,learn from our failed past,and protect wild animals and their habitats for the future.[语篇解读]本文为一篇议论文。

Unit 21 Human Biology写作句型锤炼核心句型升级»先熟读背诵一一精彩句型烂熟于心某英文报正就“智能手机的利与弊”这一话题进行讨论。

请你根据提示用英语写一篇短文给该报投稿，并就合理使用智能手机提出自己的建议。

注意：1•开头已经给出，不计入总词数；2.词数100左右；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Smartphones have become part of our daily life.【参考范文】Smartphones have become part of our daily life・①Wherever we are, we can see people busy playing with their smartphones<Smartphones benefit us. They not only help us get information around the world more quickly and easily, but also relieve the pressures of life・However, every coin has two sides•②When spending too much time on smartphones, we don' t have time to communicate face to face with our friends or family, and our life, studies and work will be badly affected.In my opinion, we should avoid using smartphones too much except for the purpose of learni昭. Meanwhile, it，s necessary for us to take part in more outdoor activities.»后临摹仿写一一妙语佳句信手拈来A根据句①仿写1•不管你做什么事情，粗心不是一个好习惯。

选修7U21李仕才一、阅读理解ABeijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonder. From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there’s no wonder it’s one of China’s most popular tourist destinations.But even more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing to serve up surprises. Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it’s estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes. And while most structures aren’t made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything.A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building’s designers. A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model (成比例模型) of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces, at one fifth of the size.To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. It was subjected to a simulated (模拟的) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale – equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake – and survived. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test.According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, as well as other ancient Chinese s tructures’, lies in dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on buildings. Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough.“Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (减震器) of a car,” according to Chinese National Geography. “Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring and aesthetically (在美学方面) pleasing using dougong, revealing their advancedunderstanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.” The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.1. What is the article mainly about?A.What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destination.B.What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes.C.The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty.D.A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures.2. Which of the following can best replace the un derlined phrase “was subjected to” in Paragraph 4?A. sufferedB. was controlled byC. obeyedD. was affected by3. What was the aim of the test in the UK documentary?A. To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty.B. To discover a long-lost Chinese building methodC. To explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings.D. To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture.4. What is “dougong” according to the text?A. A paint that gives Chinese buildings an attractive look.B. A tool used by ancient people to measure earth-quakes.C. Special building parts that keep a traditional Chinese building together,D. A building piece located in the center of a traditional Chinese house.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。

Unit 21 Human BiologyⅠ.阅读理解ADear Sir，I was surprised to read your recent editorial on the question of students' part-time jobs. You appear to be making lots of general comments on the basis of just one unfortunate case (I assure you that not all young people who deliver newspapers are as foolish and dishonest as the two youths mentioned in your article, and one singlecase is not strong enough in supporting a point as evidence. I think you wouldn't disagree with me at this point)．The first point I would like to make is that there are many jobs teenagers can do which give them useful experience of the working world. They are brought into contact with a variety of people, often older, and are given experience of expressing themselves clearly and logically. Every young man will eventually be involved in social net work, and we can't expect them to act as a mature adult once they step out of school. I am thinking here of jobs such as travel guides and shop assistants. Parttime jobs are actually a kind of guiding that young people need before they play their role in real career.Another argument for school children and college students having holiday or weekend jobs is that many parents need the financial assistance. If we take, for example, a family in which the father is unemployed or perhaps a singleparent family on a low income, it seems logical and fair that a son or daughter should try to bring money into the household. And I think it's also an education to young people what family responsibility is and what one should do in terms of showing their care and love.One further thing I want to say is that a lot of jobs for the young can be fun for the people who do them and also useful to the community. Youngsters who help in schools, hospitals and with the elderly often gain a great deal of pleasure and satisfaction as well as contributing something valuable to local society. And the experience will make young people feel their value in our society so that they will be more eager to learn and more willing to offer their help.In conclusion, I would add that when I was a girl, my father said my teens were a time for books, hobbies and academic studies. Thinking back, I feel I would have learnt much more—about myself, other people and life in general—if he had allowed me to do a limited amount of real work. Certainly, when she is old enough, I shall encourage my own daughter to do so, rather than waste her time with soap operas, computer games and discos, like so many young people today. I don't mean having fun is a waste of time. I just want to point out that fun and parttime jobs could be balanced.Yours faithfully，Margaret Williams文章大意：本文是写给报社编辑的一封信。

[单元基础达标练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Local businesses are closing at a/the rate of three a year.2．I will not idle (虚度) away my time and be sorry in vain when my youthful head becomes white.3．I would rather surf the Internet than go to the cinema.4．The meeting which is reported to be held (hold) this month has been put off till the end of next month.5．It's cruel of him to kill his mother.6．Doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe out cancer.7．He is said to be studying (study) in the US now.8．It is my finances that prohibit my going (go) to college.9．Nobody can tolerate being cheated (cheat)，and that's why he has no friend.10．Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.Ⅱ.单句改错(按高考试卷要求在原句中修改)1．It is nice for you to give us so much help.答案：It is nice foryou to give us so much help.of2．Strangely，Mr Green，opposing to the new policy，made no remark in the discussion.to the new policy，made no remark 答案：Strangely，Mr Green，opposingopposedin the discussion.3．I always have faith he will come to our party in person.he will come to our party in person.答案：I always have faith ∧that4．My deskmate，rather than you，are responsible for the work.答案：My deskmate，rather than you，areresponsible for the work.is5．He made fortune in his business trade last year.答案：He made ∧afortune in his business trade last year.6．Thankfully ，this is a disease that is now in the decline.答案：Thankfully ，this is a disease that is now in onthe decline.7．They are urgently seeking out the posts where they are well paid.答案：They are urgently seeking out after/forthe posts where they are well paid.8．No matter how hard the situation is ，you should not lose your heart.答案：No matter how hard the situation is ，you should not lose heart. 9．For one thing ，I do well in English and which will be easy for me to complete the courses in your university.答案：For one thing ，I do well in English and which itwill be easy for me tocomplete the courses in your university.10．I cannot tolerate your absent from work.答案：I cannot tolerate your ∧being 或absent absencefrom work.Ⅲ.完成句子1．The village shouldn't have been wiped out if the trees around it had been protected well enough.如果村子周围的树木被好好保护的话，这个村子本不应该被彻底毁灭的。

阅读限时练(七)选修7Unit 21Human Biology(对应学生用书第313页)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·重庆市重点中学协作体高考适应性考试)Have you heard of the following people？Maybe yes，maybe no.But they may be an inspiration for you.The Tree LadyKate Sessions was an American botanist and landscape architect closely associated with San Diego，California.After becoming the first woman to graduate from the University of California，Berkeley，she took a job as a teacher far south in the dry desert town of San Diego.Kate decided that San Diego needed trees more than anything else.Therefore this young woman single-handedly started a movement transforming the town into the leafy，garden­filled place as it is today.The Snowflake(雪花) ManWilson Bentley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes.His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes began from his boyhood and was often misunderstood in his time，but his determination revealed two important truths：no two snowflakes are alike；and each one is surprisingly beautiful.In 1931，he worked with William J．Humphreys of the U．S.Weather Bureau to publish Sno w Crystals，a book containing 2，500 photographs.The Father of His CountryBy the late 1760s，George Washington had experienced firsthand the effects of rising taxes imposed(征收) on American colonists by the British，and came to believe that it was in the best interests of the colonists to declare independence from England.During the American War of Independence，he led the colonial forces to victory.In 1787，he was elected president of the Convention that wrote the U．S.Constitution.Two years later，Washington became America's first president.His retirement from office after two terms established a tradition that lasted until 1940，when Freaklin Delano Roosevelt won a third term.The 22nd Amendment(1951) now limits the president to two elected terms.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三位鼓舞人心的名人。

Unit 21 Human Biology李仕才【阅读理解】There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life,one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy.This arises from the different ways in which they consider things,persons,events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation,the well prepared dishes,the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore,they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks,they sour the pleasure of society,offend(hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature,such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing(批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿).It grows into a habit,unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong,but it may be cured when those who have realized its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of service to them,and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination,it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others; nobody loves them,and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect.This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments.If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune,nobody wishes them success.Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections,no one will defend or excuse them,and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings.These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing,without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not,it will be good for others to avoid any contact(接触) with them.Otherwise,it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient,especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy_____.A.always consider things differently from othersually are affected by the results of certain thingsually misunderstand what others think or sayD.always discover the unpleasant side of certain things2.The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” means “_____ ”.A.have a good taste with social lifeB.make others unhappyC.tend to scold others openlyD.enjoy the pleasure of life3.In this passage,the writer mainly____.A.describes two types of peopleughs at the unhappy peopleC.suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappinessD.tells people how to be happy in life参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C解析：生活中有些人拥有相同的健康、财富和生活条件,但由于考虑事情、人物、事件的角度不同,一些人感到幸福,而另一些人则感到不幸福。

选修7U21李仕才一、阅读理解ABeijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonder. From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there’s no wonder it’s one of China’s most popular tourist destinations.But even more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing to serve up surprises. Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it’s estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes. And while most structures aren’t made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything.A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building’s designers. A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model (成比例模型) of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces, at one fifth of the size.To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. It was subjected to a simulated (模拟的) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale – equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake – and survived. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test.According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, as well as other ancient Chinese s tructures’, lies in dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on buildings. Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough.“Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (减震器) of a car,” according to Chinese National Geography. “Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring and aesthetically (在美学方面) pleasing using dougong, revealing their advancedunderstanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.” The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.1. What is the article mainly about?A.What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destination.B.What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes.C.The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty.D.A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures.2. Which of the following can best replace the un derlined phrase “was subjected to” in Paragraph 4?A. sufferedB. was controlled byC. obeyedD. was affected by3. What was the aim of the test in the UK documentary?A. To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty.B. To discover a long-lost Chinese building methodC. To explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings.D. To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture.4. What is “dougong” according to the text?A. A paint that gives Chinese buildings an attractive look.B. A tool used by ancient people to measure earth-quakes.C. Special building parts that keep a traditional Chinese building together,D. A building piece located in the center of a traditional Chinese house.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。

Unit 21 Human Biology李仕才【阅读理解】There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life,one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy.This arises from the different ways in which they consider things,persons,events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation,the well prepared dishes,the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore,they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks,they sour the pleasure of society,offend(hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature,such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing(批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿).It grows into a habit,unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong,but it may be cured when those who have realized its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of service to them,and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination,it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others; nobody loves them,and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect.This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments.If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune,nobody wishes them success.Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections,no one will defend or excuse them,and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings.These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing,without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not,it will be good for others to avoid any contact(接触) with them.Otherwise,it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient,especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy_____.A.always consider things differently from othersually are affected by the results of certain thingsually misunderstand what others think or sayD.always discover the unpleasant side of certain things2.The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” means “_____ ”.A.have a good taste with social lifeB.make others unhappyC.tend to scold others openlyD.enjoy the pleasure of life3.In this passage,the writer mainly____.A.describes two types of peopleughs at the unhappy peopleC.suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappinessD.tells people how to be happy in life参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C解析：生活中有些人拥有相同的健康、财富和生活条件,但由于考虑事情、人物、事件的角度不同,一些人感到幸福,而另一些人则感到不幸福。

Unit 21 Human Biology(对应学生用书第145页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．doubtful adj. 怀疑的，不肯定的2．seek vt.寻找3．entry n. 进入；入学4．treat v. 款待5．rebuild vt.重建6．routine n. 常规；惯例7．teamwork n. 协作；配合8．weekly adj.每周一次的9．deadline n. 截止日期，最后日期10．decline vi.下降11．vote vi.表决12．interval n. 间隔；间歇13．fundamental adj.根本的，基础的14．compulsory adj.强制性的，义务的15．controversial adj.有争议的16．contradict vt.与(其他事物)相矛盾17．ample adj.充足的，充裕的18．postpone vt.推迟，延期19．symptom n. 症状20．temporary adj.临时的；短暂的Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．tolerate vt.容忍→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n. 容忍2．oppose vt.反对→opposite adj.相反的→opposition n. 相反3．privilege n. 特权；优惠，优待→privileged adj.荣幸的4．try v. 试验n. 尝试→trial n. 实验5．prohibit vt.禁止→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令6．unite vt.联合；团结；统一→union n. 团结→united adj.团结的7．faith n. 信心→faithful adj.忠诚的，忠实的；正确的，可靠的8．equip vt.使有准备→equipment n. 装备；设备9．fortune n. 大笔钱财，巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→misfortune n. 不幸10．concern n. 担心；担忧→concerned adj.关心的，牵挂的；有关的→concerning prep. 关于11．annual adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的→annually adv. 一年一次地，每年地，年度地12．prohibit vt.禁止→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令→prohibitive adj.禁止的13．submit vt.认为；提交→submission n. 屈从，屈服；意见；提交→submissive adj.服从的14．rob vt.使丧失；抢劫→robber n. 抢劫犯→robbery n. 抢劫15．violate vt.违反，违背→violation n. 违反，违背Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Her toleration(tolerate) of his brazen attitude is enough to show her great tolerance.2．From now on any violation(violate) of the regulation must be cruelly punished. 3．Tomorrow is the last date for submission(submit) of entries for the competition. 4．Where money is concerned(concern)，I always try to be very careful. 5．Compared with other newspapers，this newspaper gave a faithful(faith) account of the event.6．The students living far away from the school were strongly opposed to the plan.Their opposition prevented the plan from being carried out.(oppose) 7．As we all know，an annual meeting is held annually．(annual)8．Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous sum of money，making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.But they were soon caught by the police.(rob)[拓展联想]“annual”相关形容词全扫描①minutely 每分钟的②hourly 每小时的③daily 每日的④weekly 每周的⑤monthly 每月的⑥quarterly 每季度的“oppose”近/反义词大全①reject →object ②agree →disagree③agreement →disagreement ④approve →disapprove⑤approval →disapproval“财富”相关名词小聚①fortune ②treasure③wealth ④possession⑤property聚焦“状况，情况”相关名词①condition ②state③situation ④circumstance⑤statusⅠ.短语回顾——会默写1．in vain 徒然，白费力气2．at random 随便地，随意地3．at all costs 不管多大代价；无论如何4．straight away 立刻，马上5．wipe out 彻底毁灭6．stop sth. in its tracks 终止；消灭7．rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物8．at any rate 无论如何；至少9．get down to 开始做10．bring up 教育；抚养；呕吐11．get through 通过(考试)；完成12．clear up 整理；解释；澄清；放晴13．put off 推迟；延期14．miss out 遗漏；遗忘；错过机会15．focus on 聚焦；集中；对准Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)2．They tried to make her happy but in vain．3．I'll just read through the form again to make sure I haven't missed anything out．4．I've made up my mind to attain my purpose at all costs．5．They have decided to put off handing in their reports.6．Had the boy worked harder，he would have got through the exams.7．The market researchers interviewed people at random in the street.8．It's not a easy task for you to bring up a small child on your own. 9．It's time I got down to thinking about that essay.10．At any rate there will be no wedding presents in heaven.11．It is raining now，but I think it will clear up soon.12．Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.[拓展联想]“开始/着手做某事”短语精选①get down to doing sth. ②set out to do sth.③set about doing sth. ④settle down to sth.⑤start/begin doing/to do sth.“立即，即刻”短语全接触①at once 立即②right now/away 立刻③straight away 立刻，马上④in no time 立刻，马上⑤in a flash 即刻⑥in an instant 立即；马上“clear”短语荟萃①clear away把……清理出去，把……收拾整洁②clear off 溜掉，离开③clear out 把……清理干净④clear up 解释；澄清；放晴[句式结构仿写]教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do...句型It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random. 1.他这次或许能通过驾照考试。

Unit 21 Human Biology一、刷黑板——词汇全听写先过识记默写关Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．*kidney n．肾脏，肾2．*liver n. 肝脏3．interval n. 间隔；间歇4．pump vi. 用泵抽出(注入) 5．mineral n. 矿物6．hearing n. 听觉7．pulse n. 脉搏8．track and field 田径运动[第二屏听写]9．*enhance vt. 提高；增强10．performance­enhancing adj. 增强表现的11．supreme adj. (程度)最大的，极度的12．*doping n. 服兴奋剂_13．lame adj. 站不住脚的，不易令人相信的14．compulsory adj. 义务的，强制性的15．controversial adj. 有争议的16．dash n. 短跑[第三屏听写]17．marathon n．马拉松赛跑18．contradict vt. 与(其他事物)相矛盾19．*impulse n. 脉冲20．*complicated adj. 复杂的21．*miniature n. 微型复制品22．*soundtrack n. 声迹23．*interpret v. 解释；翻译24．herb n. 草药[第四屏听写]25．straight away 马上，立刻26．*epidemic n. 流行病27．*empire n. 帝国28．trial n. 实验29．acute adj. 严重的；剧烈的30．statistics n. 统计资料；统计数字31．parallel n. 平行线；极相似之处32．tissue n. 组织[第五屏听写]33．adaptation n．变化；变种34．mourn vt. & vi. 感到悲痛；表示哀悼35．prescription n. 处方36．tablet n. 药片37．underline vt. 强调；表明重要性38．systematic adj. 系统化的39．stop sth. in its tracks 终止；消灭40．pill n. 药丸，药片[第六屏听写]41．temporary adj. 临时的；短暂的42．numb adj. (思维、咸淡、反应)麻木的43．sacred adj. 神圣的44．terminal adj. 致命的；晚期的45．helmet n. 头盔；防护帽46．minimum n. 最小；最低47．institution n. 团体；公共机构48．unconditionally adv. 无条件地[第七屏听写]49．tentatively adv. 不完全地50．*reverse vt. 颠倒；改变51．appendix n. 附录52．extension n. 延期53．tractor n. 拖拉机54．spade n. 锹；铲55．aluminium n. 铝56．tin n. 罐[第八屏听写]57．*jealous adj. 妒忌的58．skeptical adj. 怀疑的59．belly n. 腹部；肚子60．absurd adj. 荒谬的；不合理的61．storage n. 储存62．carrier n. 带菌者63．*coma vi. (因严重疾病或重伤引起的)昏迷64．*gene­therapy 基因疗法Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第九屏听写]1．circulate vi. 循环2．digest vi. 消化3．swap vi. 交换4．abuse vt. 滥用5．tolerate vt. 忍受6．fundamental adj. 根本的；基础的7．doubtful adj. 怀疑的，不肯定的8．seek vt. 寻找[第十屏听写]9．annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的，年度的10．in_vain 徒然，白费力气11．at_random 随便地，任意地12．*threat_ n. 威胁13．oppose vt. 反对14．postpone vt. 延期，推迟15．at_all_costs 无论如何，不惜任何代价16．*identify vt. 确定；认出，识别[第十一屏听写]17．*emotion n．情感；情绪18._privileged adj. 荣幸的19．cater vi. 迎合；满足20．entry n. 进入；入学21．ample adj. 充足的，充裕的22．rebuild vt. 重建23．prohibit vt. 禁止24．unite vt. 团结；联合；统一[第十二屏听写]25．pause n．停顿；暂停26．symptom n. 症状27．routine n. 常规；惯例28．press n. 新闻界；报界29．foresee vt. 预见30．thorough adj. 彻底的；细致的31．teamwork n. 协作；配合32．faith n. 信心33．weekly adj. 每周一次的[第十三屏听写]34．rob vt. 抢劫；使丧失35．decline vi. 下降36．equip vt. 使有准备37．firm n. 公司，商行38．fortune n. 大笔钱财，巨款39．rate n. 比率40．at_any_rate 无论如何；至少41．deadline n. 截止期限，最后期限42．submit vt. 提交[第十四屏听写]43．concern n．担心；担忧44．vote vi. 表决45．circumstance n. 情形；情况46．enquiry n. 询问47．treat v. 款待48．violate vt. 违反，违背49．scan n. 扫描50．cancer n. 癌，癌症51．urban adj. 城市的二、刷清单——热身自盘点再过基本应用关(一)核心单词阅读单词1.interval n．间隔；间歇2.enhance vt. 增强；提高3.supreme adj. (程度)最大的，极度的pulsory adj. 强制性的，义务的5.controversial adj. 有争议的6.contradict vt. 与(其他事物)相矛盾7.interpret vt. 翻译；解释8.impulse n. 脉冲plicated adj. _复杂的10.ample adj. 充足的，充裕的11.storage n. 储存12.acute adj. 严重的；剧烈的13.statistics n. 统计资料；统计数字14.adaptation n. 变化；变种15.mourn vi.& vt. 感到悲痛；表示哀悼16.prescription n. 处方17.systematic adj. 系统化的18.temporary adj. 临时的；短暂的1．postpone vt.推迟，延期[教材原句] I decided not to postpone studying (as I normally do！) and got upearly every morning to get down to work straight away.我决定不推迟学习(就像我平常那样！)，而是每天早上早点起床立刻开始学习。

Unit 21 Human BiologyⅠ.单句语法填空1．Nobody can tolerate ________(cheat)，and that's why he has no friend.2．________(equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.3．It was an unpopular decision to postpone ________(build) the new school.4．I am very much opposed to ________(permit) him to go alone.5．It is my finances that prohibit my ________(go) to college.6．________ is necessary for us to examine the papers before handing them in.7．You rather than anyone else ________ (be) to blame for the mistake.8．He is said ________(study) in the US now.9．If you had studied hard before，you ________(be) a college student now.10．It's clever ________ you ________ (work)out the math problem in such a short time.答案 1.being cheated 2.Equipped 3.building 4．permitting 5.going 6.It7.are 8.to be studying 9．would be 10.of；to workⅡ.单句改错1．Mary，rather than you，are responsible for the work. ____________2．Strangely，Mr.Green，also opposes to the new policy，made no remark in the discussion.____________3．They are urgently seeking out the post where they are well paid. ____________4．I like reading books rather than watch TV. ____________5．It is nice for you to give us so much help. ____________6．She saved him from drowning，but only at the cost of her own life.____________7．Thankfully，this is a disease that is now in the decline. ____________8．The law prohibits tobacconists selling cigarettes to children. ____________答案 1.are→is 2.opposes→opposed 3.out→after/for 4.watch→watching5.for→of6.drowning→being drowned7.in→on8.selling前加fromⅢ.完成句子1．Li Na ________________(被认为是)one of the best players of China.2．The sweater she bought was beautiful ______________(而不是) cheap.3．If there hadn't been the war，people ________________(会生活得更好) then. 4．________________(他很自私) not to do anything for the orphans.5．It is not good for young ladies to keep slim ________________(以牺牲她们的健康为代价)．答案 1.is considered to be 2.rather than 3.would have lived a better life 4.It is selfish of him 5.at the cost of their healthⅣ.单元考点作文串记一、根据提示翻译句子1．据说昨日三名强盗抢劫了一家银行的一笔巨款。