下载文档原格式
英语六级翻译指导及练习翻译策略1) 分句法把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。
或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。
例1 八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。
译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句)例2 他为人单纯而坦率。
译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了)例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child.译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。
(形容词被拆开)例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before.译文: 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。
(名词短语拆开)2)合句法把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例5 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句)例6 他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。
译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句)例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。
大学英语【四六级】重点整理重要词组：1. absorb=（take up the attention of）吸引…的注意力，(被动语态)be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近=be engrossed in = be lost in= be rapt in =be concentrated on=be focused on =be centered on。
2. be absent from. 缺席，不在3. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守5. be abundant in(=be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有6. access to (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. without accident 安全地,8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地9. be in accordance with 与…一致10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据12. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释(理由)15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不(放句首时,句子要倒装)18. accuse of(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from)利用.34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过ahead of time 提前.37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底; not at all一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用.49. apply to 与…有关;适用50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, agree to) 赞成, approve vt. 批准51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做…53. arrive on 到达; arrive at到达某地(小地方),作出; arrive in到达某地(大地方);54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系,结57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料59. attitude to toward …对…的态度.看法60. attribute to(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均62. be aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台66. turn one’s back on sb (=turn away from sb) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)68. be based on upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)76. for the better 好转77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人. blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的86. take the floor 起立发言87. on business 出差办事.88. be busy with sth.于某事。
英语四六级--翻译Unit 1焚书坑儒burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive牛郎织女the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver or the Cow Herder and the Weaver Maid封建礼教feudal ethical codes善有善报，恶有恶报Good will be rewarded with good and evil repaid with evil《山海经》Classics of Mountians and seas精卫填海Jingwei Determines to fill up the seaUnit 2饮食疗法dietotherapy or food therapy色香味color, aroma and taste美食家gourmet南甜北咸东辣西酸Sweet in the south, salty in the north, sour in the west and spicy in the east.中国四大菜系Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine八大菜系eight main schools of Chineses Cuisine点心Dim Sum鉴别诊断differential diagnosis礼仪之邦land of ceremony and propriety良药苦口Good medicine tastes bitter.控制阴阳失调to conterbalance the Yin-yang disequilibriumUnit 3衣食住行clothing, food, shelter and transportation曲裾curving-front robe直裾straight-front robe战国时期Warring States Period男女授受不亲to avoid close contact of the male and the female唐装Tang Costume盘扣buttonhole loop玉珮jade ornamentUnit 4道家四象the four Taoist quadrants风水先生 a geomancer皇陵the imperial mausoleum宗庙或祠堂the ancestral temple天坛the Temple of Heaven塔pagoda莫高窟the Mogao Grottoes天人合一unity of Heaven and man拙政园Humble Administrattor's Garden卢沟桥的狮子数不清The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountableUnit 5世界遗产名录List of World Heritage金丝猴golden snub-nosed monkey人间仙境Fairy Land on Earth五岳Five Sacred Mountains有眼不识泰山One who fails to recognize a somebody has been compared to a person unable to see Mt.Tai.稳如泰山as stable as Mt. Tai会当凌绝顶，一览众山小Only by ascending Mt. Tai will you find how dwarfish all mountains under heaven are.五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. No longer do I find it worth my while to look at the sacred five after returning from Huangshan.四川大熊猫自然保护区Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries云南三江并流Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas国家风景区National seenic area桂林山水甲天下The scenery in Guilin is unparalleled in the world( or topped all under heaven)阳朔山水甲桂林The montains and waters in Yangshuo are even better than those in GuilinUnit 6烽火台beacon tower天下第一关the World’s First Pass故宫the Palace Museum（the Forbidden City）秦始皇陵Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor《史记》The Historical Records兵马俑Terra cotta legions释迦牟尼Sakyamuni（皇帝）登基ascend the throne腐败无能的政府corrupt and impotent government天圆地方round Heaven and square EarthUnit 7春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节Tomb Sweeping Day or the Clear Bright Festival端午节the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival重阳节the Double Ninth Festival泼水节Water Sprinkling Festival那达慕the Nadam Fair火把节the Torch Festival阴历the lunar calendar公历Gregorian calendar年糕sticky cakes红包lucky money in little red envelopes春联spring couplets年画New Year pictures舞狮Lion Dances闰月an intercalary month年饭the New Year feast元宵glutinous rice dumplings stuffed with various sweet fillings赛龙舟dragon boat races粽子pyramid-shaped dumplings with glutinous rice吉祥话auspicious messages秋分the autumn equinox月饼moon cake《易经》I-Ching (the Book of Changes)登高节Height Ascending Festival赏菊enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum中国生肖the Chinese zodiac五行the Five Elements算命fortune telling护身符talismans相手术palmistry相面face reading皇道吉日之类的almanacs红色等同于财富Red is synonymous with wealth.火化cremation避邪to avoid epidemies七夕节the Double Seventh Festival礼轻情意重 A gift may be insignificant, but it carries tremendous friendshipUnit 8绢花silk flower漆器lacquer wares景泰蓝cloisonné enamel青铜器bronze wares唐三彩the Tang tricolor ceramics盆景bonsai司线戊方鼎Simuwu Quadripod陶器earthenware新石器时代the Neolithic Age刺绣embroidery钟鼎文inscription甲骨文tortoise shell script青花瓷the blue and white porcelainUnit 9岁寒三友three friends of winter君子四艺the four skills of a learned scholar to pursue挂轴hanging scroll工笔画gongbi or meticulous brushwork山水画landscape painting国粹quintessence of Chinese culture小篆the Small Seal Script隶书the Official Script草书the Cursive Script行书the Running Script楷书the Regular Script文房四宝four treasures of the study花鸟图flower and bird painting出淤泥而不染come out of the mire without being sneared Unit 10《赵氏孤儿》An Orphan of the Zhao Family《15贯》Fifteen Strings of Coppers《空城计》The Ruse of an Empty City《白蛇传》The Story of a White Snake《贵妃醉酒》The Drunken Concubine《岳母刺字》Yuefei’s Mother Tattooing His Back《打渔杀家》Fisherman’s Revenge《二进宫》Entering the Palace for the Second Time《霸王别姬》Farewell My Concubine《群英会》Gathering of Heroes《乌盆记》The Story of the Black Basin《宝莲灯》The Lotus Lantern《智取威虎山》Takeover of Tiger Mountain四大名旦Four Major Dan Roles梵语SanskritUnit 11中医TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)望observation闻auscultation and olfaction问interrogation切pulse feeling and palpation经络channels or meridian中草药herbal medicine针灸acupuncture艾灼moxibustion拔罐cupping推拿massage刮痧guasha五行相生结构：金水木火土The Generating cycleMetal produces water, water nourishes wood, wood fuels fire, fire makes earth, earth yields metal.五行相克结构：金木土水火The Regulating CycleMetal can cut wood, wood can contain earth, earth can absorb water, water can extinguish fire, fire can melt metalUnit 15九歌Nine Songs木兰辞the Ballad of Mulan《西厢记》The West Chamber《诗经》The Book of Songs《离骚》Lament of Encountering Sorrow or Sorrow after departure《孔雀东南飞》Southeast the peacock flies《全唐诗》The complete Anthology of the Tang Dynasty初唐四杰the four preeminent poets of the early Tang Dynasty诗仙the Immortal of Poems诗圣Sage of the Poems山水田园诗人pastoral poets边塞诗人frontier poets熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。
看人疾风知劲草，路遥知马力。
观察一个人很难，但也不是完全没有尺度，可以从应对不同情况的态度，观察期各种能力。
有人面对需要担当起责任的大事或难以解决的事情时，总是采取推卸责任或逃避的态度，如此消极，此人岂能承担天下重任？所以勇于担当责任的人，总是在关键时刻挺身而出，肩负起责任。
这样的人，由于有高深的修养和品性，无论是顺境还是逆境，都有博大的胸怀和气度，显示出“任凭风吹浪打，胜似闲庭信步”的英雄气度。
这就是值得十Observing PeopleSturdy grass withstands hing winds and distance tests a horse'strength.It is hard to observe a person,but it is not entirely without any rules.We can observe a person's ability from the attitudes he deals with different kinds of situations.Some people would shirk the responsibility or escape when confronted with the big affairs which he needs shoulder the responsibility or some tough problems.With such a passive attitude,how could this person shoulder the heavy responsibility of the world？So the people who are brave enough to shoulder responsibilities would always step out at the crucial time.With the profound accomplishment and moral character,this kind of people have the wide heart and bearing no matter in the favorable circumstance or not.He will present the heroic bearing of “let the wind blow and waves beat,better than idly strolling in courtyard.”It is the person that can wholly be trusted.1.疾风知劲草，路遥知马力Sturdy grass withstands hing winds and distance tests a horse'strength.2.这样的人，由于有高深的修养和品性，无论是顺境还是逆境，都有博大的胸怀和气度。
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.尽管媒体上大量的犯罪事件报道会导致公众存在一定程度的多疑，但在今天这个时代，任何想对公众隐瞒信息的尝试最终都很可能会适得其反。
Although the sheer volume of（1.大量的）crime stories in the media can lead to a degree of paranoia among the public, in this day and age（2.在这个时代）any attempts to hide information from the public would likely be counterproductive（3.适得其反）.1- the sheer volume of词典释义：sheerUK[ʃɪər] US[ʃɪr] adjectiveCOMPLETE完全的[before noun]■used to emphasize how very great, important or powerful a quality or feeling is; nothing except 完全的，彻底的•The suggestion is sheer nonsense.这个建议纯粹是胡言乱语。
•His success was due to sheer willpower/determination.他的成功全靠自己的意志力／决心。
•It was sheer coincidence that we met.我们的相遇纯属巧合。
volumeUK['vɒl.ju:m] US['vɑ:l-] nounAMOUNT数量uncountable■the number or amount of something in general 总数；总量；总额•It's the sheer volume of traffic in the city that is causing the problems.造成这些问题的就是城里的交通流量。
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.因为禁食和使用减肥药物会带来低卡路里摄入量，因此他们容易导致疲劳过度以及耐力不足。
对于学生来说，这会对他们的学术表现带来不利影响。
Since skipping meals and taking diet pills are associated with a low caloric intake（1.低卡路里摄入量）, they are likely to result in increased fatigue （2.疲劳过度）and lowered stamina（3.耐力不足）. For students, this can be detrimental to their academic performance.1- a low caloric intake词典释义：caloric1.ADJ 形容词热量的Caloric means relating to calories.【搭配模式】：ADJ n•...a daily caloric intake of from 400 to 1200 calories.日摄取400至1200卡路里的热量intake['ɪn.teɪk] nounAMOUNT数量uncountable■the amount of a particular substance which is eaten or drunk during a particular time 摄入量•It says on the packet that four slices of this bread contains one half of your recommended daily intake of fibre.包装上写着四片这种面包就包含了建议的每天纤维摄取量的一半。
外刊例句：By recent government order, municipal rations will be expandedfurther because of rising incidence of children fainting at school due to low calorie intake.（）政府近日下令进一步增加城市粮食配给，因为越来越多儿童犹如能量摄入不足而晕倒。
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）第5天1.和远程学习相比，传统教学方法能够加强师生间的关系，因为传统教学方法有更多的互动。
In contrast to distance learning（1.远程学习）, traditional teaching methods （2.传统教学方法）cement the link （3.加强关系）between teachers and students because there are more interactions（4.互动）.2.老师不仅要向学生传授知识和发展他们的学术技能，还要培养他们形成健康的人生观。
Teachers should not only impart knowledge to their students and develop their academic skills（1.发展学术技能）, but also help them shape a healthy outlook on life（2.培养健康的人生观）.3.大学文凭不再是好工作的敲门砖——终身学习技能和人际交往技巧也是必备条件。
University degrees （1.大学文凭）are no longer a stepping stone to（2.……的敲门砖）a decent job –lifelong learning skills（3.终身学习技能）and interpersonal skills （4.人际交往技巧）are also required.4.各地区的教学水准差异很大，来自落后地区的学生可能很难跟上他们在城市的同龄人。
Educational standards（1.教学水准）vary widely （2.差异很大）from one region to another, and students from backward areas（3.落后地区）might struggle to catch up with （4.跟上）their peers in the city.。
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.自古以来，太空旅行的想法就一直引起人们的想象。
在20世纪50年代和60年代，太空旅行最终成为现实，并且发展极其迅速。
Since ancient times （1.自古以来）the concept of space travel has captured people's imagination（2.引起人们的想象）. During the 1950s and 60s space travel finally became a reality and progress was made at breakneck pace（3.极其迅速）.1- Since ancient times词典释义：time37. PERIOD IN HISTORY 历史阶段, C also times pl. a particular period in history〔历史上的〕时代，时期:•Mankind has used the horse since ancient times.人类从古时候起就开始使用马匹了。
•In earlier times, servants would use the bare wooden stairs at the back of the house.过去，仆人只能走房子后面光光的木楼梯。
at / in / during etc the time of sth•He lived at the time of the Napoleonic wars.他生活在拿破仑战争时期。
our time(s) ( = the present period in history )我们的时代，当代•Air pollution has become one of the most significant health problems of our time.空气污染成了我们这个时代最重大的健康问题。
2023年英语四六级作文翻译词组短语分类考试总结笔记-精神生活精神文化intellectual interests/endeavors学术兴趣/探索intellectual pursuits/life精神追求/生活intellectual earnestness求知的执着the most thoroughly studied intellectuals被研究最彻底的知识分子men of impressive education and influence受过良好教育并具有影响力的人a well-educated man受过良好教育的人learned ministers学识渊博的牧师write and publish extensively广泛著书立说literary compositions文学作品make an account of sth记录reach audiences被观众熟知leave sth for later reference留下……供后世参考widely understood ideals广泛认可的理想-教育体系formal education正规教育the construction of a new educational system建立新的教育体系intellectual development 智力发展poorly/well educated教育水平低/良好illiterate workers不识字的工人a research institution研究机构-观点看法a conventional view传统观点be derided as sth被看作……而加以嘲笑be widely misunderstood遭到广泛误解be subject to groundless doubts受到无端质疑on the contrary相反-逻辑关系the primary cause主要原因a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for sth必要非充分条件the very highest priorities for sth某事最重要的一个条件quote an example援引例子push sb to do sth促使某人做某事fall victim of sth沦为……的牺牲品constrain the ability to do sth限制做某事的能力the foreseeable future可预见的未来-教育体系formal education正规教育the construction of a new educational system建立新的教育体系intellectual development 智力发展poorly/well educated教育水平低/良好illiterate workers不识字的工人a research institution研究机构-劳动生产to achieve radically higher productivity达到极高生产率better disciplined更有纪律性achieve one’s potential实现潜能receive training接受培训housing construction房屋建造automotive-assembly productivity汽车装配生产率competitive environments竞争环境meet a standard 符合标准-创新思维an innovational thinker创新思想者fantastic ideas新奇的想法innovative and collaborative modes of thought创新和合作的思维模式trains of thought一连串的想法，思路a fascination with wonder强烈的好奇心explore many possibilities探寻多种可能性bypass old roads绕过旧路线create parallel pathways 生成平行路径direct a change引导改变break a rule打破规则in the ever-changing st century在不断变化的世纪-收入相关搭配family earnings家庭收入economic frustrations经济挫折be motivated by sth受到……的激励engage (sb) in political activities(使某人)从事政治活动confront sb 遇到某人main end 主要目的let alone更不必说be filled with sth 充满-情感态度attach importance to sth 重视gain increasing importance日益重要in the pursuit of sth追求be obsessed with sth对……痴迷be frustrated with sth对……感到沮丧distinctive ideas独特观点take an approach to sth以某种方式处理/看待in keeping with sth与……保持一致-宗教信仰religious/theological innovations宗教/神学创新church sermons教会的布道religious commitments宗教信仰a traditional superstitious quality传统的迷信色彩settle his fate决定命运an illusory prospect虚幻的前景-生活环境enjoy a liberal environment享受一种自由的环境create an intellectual atmosphere创造一种新的求知环境experience a peaceful history经历了一段和平的历史时期colonial America 殖民时期的美洲in a decisive moment在一个关键时刻adjust to a new circumstance适应新环境the scenes of important episodes重要事件的发生地journey to a place远航至某地the early settlers早期定居者-数据专利reference collections参考数据库disorganized data collection混乱的数据收集overlapping database building重合的数据库建设lump together堆在一起achieve the claimed accuracy达到声称的精度hawk false precision兜售虚假的精确性process the results处理结果computer programs电脑程序peer review同行评审lack of patent evaluation缺乏专利评估number in the hundreds数以百计-亲属关系adopted children被收养的孩子biological relatives血缘亲属reliable bloodlines可靠的血缘关系a single lineage单一的血统pass down传承下去，遗传-基因检测a paternity testing kit (PTK)亲子检测包paternity and kinship testing亲子和亲属检测identify parent-child kinship确定亲子关系ancestry testing家谱检测trace distant ancestors追查遥远的祖先track down sth追查，追踪找到locate one’s birth place确定出生地search for geographic roots寻找地域根源excessive sample comparison过多的样本对比promote genetic research促进基因研究reveal genetic information揭示基因信息commercial genetic testing商业基因检测fors and againsts of DNA testing支持和反对基因检测available without prescriptions= over-the-counter非处方的-细胞相关brain cells脑细胞wear sth into brain将……刻入大脑standardized testing标准化测试perpetuate a lie维系谎言foster commonness助长平庸carry a negative implication带有贬义色彩dismiss…as…认为……是……而不屑一顾derive from sth 源于be characterized by sth以……为特征comply with sth与……一致This is where…comes in. 这正是……的意义所在。
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.中国正在面临一场减少土地污染的艰难战斗，土地污染导致了一系列的公共健康危害以及可耕种土地的减少。
要取得这场战斗的胜利，我们必须立刻实施一些紧急措施。
China is facing an uphill battle（1.一场艰难的战斗）to reduce land pollution which has led to a series of public health hazards（2.公共健康危害）and shrinking arable land（3.可耕种土地）. To win the battle, some urgent measures have to be carried out immediately.1- an uphill battle词典释义：uphill[ˌʌp'hɪl] adjective adverb■leading to a higher place on a slope 上坡（的）；向山上（的）；朝上坡方向（的）•an uphill climb向上的攀爬•running uphill往山上跑Compare downhill needing a large amount of effort 费力的，艰难的•It'll be an uphill struggle/battle/fight to get the new proposals accepted.要让新的提案获得通过会很困难。
外刊例句：But TPP faces an uphill battle getting approved in some parliaments. （）但跨太平洋贸易伙伴协定面临着一场恶斗——它要得到一些议员同意。
替换表达：an uphill task学生错误表达：（1） A tough campaign点评：campaign一般指“宣传活动”，不可以用a tough campaign来指“艰苦的战斗”。
