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Lesson Plan for EarthquakesTeaching content:Warming up and Reading of Unit 4, Book 1 (PEP)Teaching objectives:1. Help students to understand the content and structure of the reading passage; get them to know the signs and destruction of earthquakes.2. Train students' reading skills and strategies——skimming and scanning.3. Deepen students' understanding of earthquakes and enable them to master how to protect themselves during an earthquake.Important points:Understand the content and the structure of the text.Difficult points:Appreciate the using of data in the passage understand the purposeof the data.Teaching aids:Multi-media equipment, PowerpointTeaching procedures:Step 1: warming up and pre-reading (10 minutes)1. Ask the students to draw on their memories of the May. 12th Earthquake that happened in Wenchuan to list some damages an earthquake may cause.2. Show a map of the six plates in the world and explain what an earthquake is.Take San Francisco for example and ask a student to explain how the earthquake in 1906 happened3. Watch video clip from TV series about Tangshan Earthquake and find the strange things that happened before the earthquake.Step 2: global reading (8 minutes)1. Read the title of the reading passage-A Night The Earth Didn't Sleep and predict the content of the passage.2. Skim the passage to get the main idea and the way the text is organized.3. Divide the text into three parts according to time order.part 1 Signs or events before the quakepart 2 Destruction or damage during the quake.part 3 Rescue after the quakeStep 3: Careful reading (15 minutes)1. Read the first part carefully and fill in the chartIn the well water, cracks, smelly gas, well rose and fell, came outIn the farmyard chickens, pigs, mice, fish, too nervous to eat, run, jumpIn the sky bright lights, the sound of planesIn the city water pipes, cracked and burstStep 4: summary of the text 3 minutesSeveral days before July28th,1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the earthquake_. But people in the city of Tangshan thought little of them.at3:42 am that day, the earth began to shake, which destroyed the city. Many people including workers and doctors, came to rescue those who were trapped under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan. More people were killed or injured and more buildings fell_down. Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers. Teams_ were organized to dig out the trapped and bury_ the dead. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.Step5:post- -reading discussion(8 minutes)Discuss in groups of 4-6 students to work out some practical measures to prevent themselves from getting injured or killed.Ask some students to share their ideas.Step6: homework (1 minute)Ask students to finish exercise1.2after class。
Unit 4 Natural DisastersPeriod 2Reading and Thinking教材分析该板块以“描述自然灾害”(Describe a natural disaster)为活动主题，要求学生通过阅读文本，了解我国20世纪70年代发生在唐山的大地震，学习报告文学这种纪实性文体的语言特征，最后完成用自己的语言描述自然灾害的任务。
该语篇文本没有报告文学中常见的中心人物，但按地震前、中、后的顺序向读者整体描述了唐山大地震这场灾难。
全文描写生动、包含情感，体现了作者想要表达“灾害无情，人有情”的思想感情。
教学目标1. 能正确理解使用下列词汇：ruin, percent, brick, metal, shock, electricity, trap, bury, breathe, effort, wisdom, context, suffer等。
2. 阅读描述重大灾害的纪实性报告文学语篇，掌握该类语篇的语言特征和叙事要点，能分析阅读语篇的文本结构。
3. 掌握在阅读中根据上下文猜测词义的策略；巩固合成词的相关知识；能运用构词法知识推测词义。
4. 从历史事件的角度了解国内外发生过的一些重大自然灾害，树立防灾意识和自我保护意识。
5. 能够了解和掌握一些与自然灾害相关的安全常识和防范措施。
教学重难点【教学重点】帮助学生掌握报告文学兼具文学性和纪实性的语言特征，让学生学会欣赏文本中所运用的修辞方法和写作技巧，理解作者在作品中所表达的情感和写作意图。
【教学难点】掌握在阅读中根据上下文猜测词义的策略。
教学过程Step 1 Warming-upHave a brief review of the natural disasters mentioned in news reports in Period 1. Discuss ingroups what can happen to a city during a big earthquake.设计意图：回顾上节课的内容，激活关于自然灾害和地震的背景知识。
新人教版必修一unit4readingandthinking课文中英对照THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEPStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m., on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that n ight.At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away. Mostbridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane. Slowly，the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with greatimprovements in transportation，industry，and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.地球的一个不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
Unit 4Section ⅠReading and ThinkingⅠ.阅读理解AThe hit movie Notting Hill (《诺丁山》) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant knocks into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After it happened, Grant repeatedly says, “I'm so sorry. I'm so sorry.”His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts were from Britain, then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well—even if it were not her fault. But this doesn't happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they ran into someone in the street—regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, the British use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say “Sorry？” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying, “No, I am sorry！”This can go on for up to five minutes as they compete for who is the most sorry.Why are the British so sorry? Mark Tyrrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. “We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for not really being the upper class.”Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry！”True manners are about being considerate, and today's constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry”has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.1．Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning?A．To give an example of British modesty.B．To introduce different ways of saying sorry.C．To show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK.D．To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.2．Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrrell agree with?A．People should not apologize if they are not responsible.B．Americans care less about manners than British people.C．That British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.D．British people care too much about which social class they are from.3．What can be inferred from the passage?A．It's unnecessary for British people to be so polite.B．The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.C．People should give up the traditional use of the word “sorry”．D．Using “sorry” more doesn't necessarily mean people are more polite.4．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A．To explore the best way of saying sorry.B．To explain why the British overuse the word “sorry”．C．To show how saying sorry has changed over time.D．To suggest many British people lack traditional manners.BMany kids help out around the house with chores such as emptying the dishwasher, putting laundry away, and taking out the trash. In exchange, some kids get allowances or other rewards such as extra computer time.But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return.Running any kind of household is a team effort, Susie said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and that familiesdecide together how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look.”Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed (兑换) either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall. “Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards，” says Chris Bergman, founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive reinforcement to help motivate them.”What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return?Write a 200-word response. Send it to tfkasks4you@time forkids. com. Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids. Please include your grade and contact information of your parent or teacher if you want your response to be published. The deadline for responding is February 18.5．How does the author start the passage?A．By presenting some facts.B．By listing some evidence.C．By comparing different views.D．By stating his own experiences.6．According to Susie Walton, ________.A．kids should be rewarded for doing choresB．parents decide what kids can do for the familyC．kids have the responsibility to share houseworkD．kids can get extra computer time for doing chores7．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.A．Chris Bergman's opinion on raising kidsB．main reasons why kids need encouragementC．how to motivate kids to try new applicationsD．the advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores8．The purpose of writing the text is to ________.A．invite readers to express their opinionsB．inform readers of two different opinionsC．call on readers to reflect on their behaviorD．present the author's viewpoint about parentingⅡ.完形填空Everyone loves getting cards on their birthday. For Bailey Sellers, the card from her father is a card that she'll __1__ forever.Her father, Mike Sellers, died of cancer in 2013, just a few months before her 17th birthday. But her dad made sure he could still __2__ her special day, even in death. Before his death he prepaid a flower shop to __3__ flowers and a card to her every year on her birthday. The last flowers and __4__ came last week, for her 21st birthday.In the card that came with this year's flowers, Mike Sellers told his daughter, “This is my last letter to you until we meet again. You are and will always be the most precious __5__ I was given. I will still be with you through every milestone. Just look around and there I will be.”__6__ by her late father's gesture, Sellers posted a photo of the flowers, the card and an old __7__ of her dad raising her up on his shoulders during a long ago trip to the beach.“Miss you so much daddy，” the post __8__，with a little purple heart. The post moved thousands of people, who not only shared it but also told their own stories of how they __9__ the pain of losing a parent. Sellers __10__ that pain; she said she became __11__ after her father's death. So now she's studying psychology (心理学), hoping to be able to one day help people get out of the kind of __12__ that once enveloped her.“He would be so __13__ that he pulled off such a beautiful gesture, which offers animportant __14__ for all of us. He made people happy. He made people realise that they shouldn't take the people who __15__ them for granted.”1．A.collect B．valueC．receive D．play2．A.spend B．enjoyC．celebrate D．spare3．A.produce B．deliverC．buy D．take4．A.card B．storyC．gift D．letter5．A.resource B．flowerC．jewel D．honey6．A.Touched B．AppreciatedC．Admired D．Disappointed7．A.memory B．photoC．book D．gesture8．A.started B．whisperedC．began D．ended9．A.dealt with B．kept outC．carried on D．settled down10．A.puzzled B．measuredC．understood D．doubted11．A.frightened B．upsetC．sleepy D．hurt12．A.happiness B．worryC．fear D．sadness13．A.proud B．confusedC．content D．shocked14．A.hope B．exampleC．lesson D．milestone15．A.look around B．stand forC．care about D．think ofⅠ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
Unit 4联想串记1．________ (vt.)损害；伤害→injury (n.)伤害；损害→injured (adj.)受伤的2．________ (n.)电；电流；电学→electric (adj.)用电的；带电的→electrical (adj.)与电有关的；电学的3．________ (vt.)使惊吓；吓唬→frightened (adj.)受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening (adj.)令人恐惧的4．_____________ (n.)祝贺；_____________ (复数)贺词→congratulate (vt.)祝贺高频单词1．burst vt. & vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发[教材原句]In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。
[方法规律]部分同学对burst into和burst out后面跟什么形式分不清，名师告诉你：into是介词，后面当然要接名词，如tears，laughter等；out是副词，后面须用现在分词作状语，如crying，laughing 等。
另外，burst in中的in是副词，不接宾语，需接宾语时用into。
在burst with＋名词中，with表示原因。
你记住了吗？①My English teacher's humor was such as to make every student ________ ________ ________.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。
②Hearing the news, she ________ ________ ________.听到这个消息，她突然哭了起来。
③Last night the room ________ ________ ________ but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。
④He felt he would burst with anger and shame.他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。
⑤His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.他一登上台就博得一阵热烈的掌声。
[巧学助记] burst的多层含义答案：①burst into laughter/burst out laughing②burst into tears/burst out crying③was burst into 2.event n．事件，大事；(体育比赛等的)项目，赛事[教材原句]But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events,_were asleep as usual that night.(P26)但是那天晚上城市里的一百万市民还像平常一样在睡觉，对此事不以为然。
When will the field and track events be held?田径赛将在什么时候举行？词语辨析accident 指“意外的事”，事故。
event 通常指较重要的事件，“大事”incident 常指较小的事件；也可指可能会发展成战争等的政治事件。
用incident，accident，event的适当形式填空。
①Which ________ have you entered for in the school sports meet?②A strange ________ happened in the wedding ceremony.③There was a car ________ yesterday, which caused three deaths.答案：①events②incident③accident3．ruin n．[U]毁坏；毁灭；崩溃[C](pl.)废墟；遗迹v．(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭[教材原句]In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26)在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。
必会be/lie in ruins成为废墟(注意复数形式) bring sb. to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产拓展come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉ruin one's health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉①The whole city ________ ________ ________ after Wenchuan Earthquake.汶川地震之后，这座城市成为了废墟。
②That small mistake ________ ________ ________ of getting the job.那个小错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
③The farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。
④Drink was your father's ruin and it'll be the ruin of you, too.喝酒毁了你父亲，也会毁了你的。
[巧学助记]After the collision, he examined the considerable damage to his car. Fortunately it was not completely ruined/destroyed.撞车之后，他检查了受重创的车。
所幸的是车还没完全报废。
答案：①was/lay in ruins②ruined his chance①He suffered serious injuriesto the arms and legs. 他的胳膊和腿都受了重伤。
②The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming.那位年轻妇女进入了那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。
③I know drinking can ________ ________ ________. 我知道喝酒对人健康有害。
④She ________ ________ while skating.她在滑冰时受了伤。
⑤________ ________ were taken to the hospital.受伤者被送进了医院。
答案：③injure one's health④was injured/injured herself⑤The injured5．track n．轨道；行踪；路径[教材原句]The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.(P26)火车铁轨现在却变成了无用的钢条。
[名师点拨]follow sb.'s track 跟踪某人/tracks in the snow 雪地上的足迹/a track through a forest 林中小道/a single (double) track 单(双)轨/track events 径赛项目6．trap vt.使陷入困境；困住；诱骗 n ．陷阱；困境；圈套[教材原句]Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.(P26)有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下。
①The firefighters rescued a boy who ________ ________ in the burning house.消防队员从失火的房子里救出了一个被困的男孩。
②She was trapped ________ ________ him. 她被诱骗嫁给了他。
答案：①was trapped ②into marrying7．bury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入[教材原句]The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(P26) 救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
那份文件被埋在书堆里了。
②He has learned to ________ ________ ________.他学会了掩饰内心的情感。
③由于他埋头于书本，他不知道外面下雨了。
(一句多译)⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫a. b. c.his books, he didn't know it was raining outside.[方法规律]be buried in 和be absorbed/lost in 意思相似，注意介词in 的使用。
另外还有fix/focus one's attention on 和pay attention to 。
答案：①was buried ②bury his feelings③a.As he buried himself inb ．As he was buried inc ．Buried in8．shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊 n ．休克；打击；震惊①The news of his death in the flood was shocking,_and all his employees got shocked at it. 他在洪灾中遇难的消息令人震惊，他的所有员工都对此感到震惊。
②I ________ ________ ________ his wild idea.我因他的狂妄想法而震惊。
③His death ________ ________ ________ to us all.他的去世对我们来说是一个打击。
答案：②was shocked by/at ③was a shock9．shelter n ．[U ]掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地 vi.躲避 vt.提供庇护所[教材原句]Workers built shelters for survivors who...(P26)工人们为那些幸存者搭起帐篷。
①We ________ ________ ________ the rain in a bus stop. It was a good shelter here.我们在一个公共汽车站里避雨，这儿是一个很好的庇护场所。
