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22.初中英语语法课件--定语从句

初中英语语法讲义-定语从句姓名______

一.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在所

修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词就叫作________。引导定语从句的关系词为关系代词,如:

________、____或关系副词如:____、____、____.

例如:1. A doctor is ________looks after people’s health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人

(先行词) (关系代词)

2. The book is on the ________ you left it. 这就是你落在桌子上的那本书。

(先行词)(关系副词)

关系词的作用:1. 引导定语从句2. 代替先行词的意思3.充当句子成分

二.定语从句的用法

常用的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which.。关系代词在定语从句中用作主语、宾语、定语等。例如: 1.The tall man who is standing over there is my brother.( ____在句中作主语)

2.The man whom you talked to is our Chinese teacher.( ____在句中作宾语)

3.This is the boy whose father is a doctor.( ____在句中作定语)

4.Have you everything that you need?( ____在句中作宾语)

5.This is the book which you wanted.( ____在句中作宾语)

关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,which指物,that多指物,有时也指人。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略,如:

This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days.

关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且常常省略。如:

Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to.

当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who. 如:This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. = This is the room that Miss Li once lived in.

常用的关系副词有:when, where, why 等。它们在句中用作时间、地点、原因等状语。例如:

1.July and August are the months ____ the weather is hot.(表时间)

2.This is ____I was born.(表地点)

3.Do you know the reason____ I was late?(表原因)

定语从句的特殊用法:

必须由that引导的定语从句。

1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。

All ______ we have to do is to practice every day.

2. 先行词前面有形容词最高级,序数词,next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时,用that 不用which引导定语从句。例如:This is the best film that I have seen.()

This is the best film which I have seen.()

练习:The first lesson ______ I learned will never be forgotten.

3.先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。例如:

That’s all that I want to say.()That’s all which I want to say.()

练习:I have read all the books _____ you gave me.

4.当先行词既有人又有物时,要用that. 例如:

He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. ()

He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.()

练习:They talked of things and persons _____ they remembered.

5. 当句中已有who时,为避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that is singing in the hall?

练习:Who is the man _____ is talking to John?

6.that 指物,有时也可以指人,which 指物,不能指人。Which 可以引导非限制性定语从句,也可以放在介词后面,that 则不能。

例如:Who is the man that is reading the newspaper?()

Who is the man which is reading the newspaper?()

The room in which she lives is a large one.()

The room in that she lives is a large one.()

1. Hand signs can be useful in places _____ are very noisy and in places ______ are very quiet.

A. where….where

B. where….that

C. that….where

D. that….that

2. ____ Engels pointed out, labor created man himself. A. Which B. What C. As D. That

3. Mr Black would never forget the day _____ he was bitterly punished.

A. which

B. that

C. in which

D. when

4. The reason ____ Mr Robinson did not buy the modern painting was that it was not a painting at all. A.

when B. why C. which D. where

5. The winter Olympics are always held in a mountainous country _____ there is plenty of snow.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. /

6. Some soldiers arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ____ sat a little boy.

A. it

B. them

C. which

D. what

7. Xiao Wang works for a factory _____ makes computers. A. where B. what C. which D. in which

8. Do you know the girl to _____ your class teacher is talking? A. thatB. whom C.who D. which

9. I’ll never forget the day ____ I joined the League. A. when B. in which C. which D. that

10. Some people don’t know who can mend such a lamp ____ has gone wrong.

A. which

B. /

C. what

D. that

初中英语语法定语从句

初中英语语法—定语从句 定义:定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句。被修饰的名词或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系词关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which 关系副词有:when, where, why 关系词作用:1起连接作用2替代作用3成分作用 Mary is a beautiful girl. (形容词作定语) Mary is a girl who has long hair. (句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句。) 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 This is the car which I bought last month. The car, which I bought last month, is very nice. 一、关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which) 1.当先行词指人时,用关系代词that/who在从句中作主语或宾语。whom 在从句中作宾语。 如:The man who/ that gave a speech on TV is the president. 昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统。(作主语) This is the strange man that/who/whom I met yesterday. .这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。 We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。 3.当先行词指物时,用关系代词that/which在从句中作主语或宾语。 如:He bought a coat that/which cost little. 他买了一件便宜上衣。(作主语) The car which/that he bought yesterday is a second-hand one. 他昨天买的车是个二手货。(作宾语) ★下列情况下只能用that ☆当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the first book that he was read. ☆先行词为:all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few,

初中英语语法——定语从句

定语从句 一、考点解读 定语从句在初中阶段要求掌握的内容以前不是很多,在以前的教材中,定语从句只是作一些简单的介绍,但现在的新教材中出现的内容较多,而且在中考中的阅读理解、完型填空、汉译英和作文中通常出现含有定语从句的句子,因此我们对于定语从句应该有一个较全面的了解,为在中考中考出高分数打好基础。 我们主要复习如下内容: 1.先行词与关系词 2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 3.关系代词的用法 4.关系副词的用法 5.定语从句需注意的事项 6.初中阶段学习定语从句的要点 二、专题梳理 (一)什么是定语从句 定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当,也可以由一个句子来充当。充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。 定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。 gets first in his class. 汤姆是一个用功的学生,他在班里总是 第一名。(修饰名词student。) Football is played over 80 popular.

80多个国家都在踢足球,因此足球很 流行。 (修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。) (二)先行词与关系词 1.什么是先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解,之所以称它为先行词,是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前,而不同于普通形容词修饰名词,形容词常位于名词之前。 bring. 别忘了我让你带的书。(the book为 先行词。) 2.先行词与关系词的关系:引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。 含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层:即主句层(第一层),定语从句层(第二层)。 特别提示: ①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。

初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案及练习题)

初中英语语法定语从句专题讲解 学生通过本课学习,能够掌握定语从句的概念、知识要点和用法,并在综合能力上有一定的应用。 ☆课堂回顾:英语句子结构——定语: 一、什么是定语 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。 He is a clever boy.(形容词作定语) His father works in a steel work.(名词作定语) There are 54 students in our class.(数词) Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格) He bought some sleeping pills.(现代分词) His spoken language is good.(过去分词,相当于形容词) 基础操练:请画出下列句中的定语。 1. What is your family name? 2. The boy in blue is Tom. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. There are five boys who will play the game. ★本课知识点:定语从句的知识要点 定语从句 课本例句导入: the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man. the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha 17th street. the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helen's. 一、定语从句的概念:定语从句属于形容词性从句,用来修饰主句中的名词性成分,如主语、宾语。定语从句在英语阅读材料里处处可见。它是初中阶段的重要语法内容,也是学好英语的重难点。 首先我们了解一下定语: 一本有趣的书an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰名词book 一位漂亮的女孩a beautiful girl形容词beautiful做定语修饰名词girl ★定语就是在句子中修饰名词或代词的词。 我们还可以说成: a book that is interesting that is interesting这个句子做定语修饰名词book a girl who is beautiful who is beautiful这个句子做定语修饰名词girl

初中英语语法之定语从句

初中英语语法之定语从句 定语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。其实,定语从句并不难,快一起来跟小编学习吧! 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、引导定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意: (1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用介词+which/whom

初中英语语法——定语从句

初中英语语法——定语从句 定语从句 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who。whom。whose。that。which。as。 关系副词有:when。where。why。how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who。whom。that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that XXX在从句中作宾语)

2) whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which。that它们所替代的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,比方:A prosperity which / that had never been XXX在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped。(which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which都可以指物,that和Who都可以指人,其用法区别:不用that的情况: a)在引导非限定性定语从句时 错)The tree。that is four hundred years old。is very famous here. b)介词后不能用 We depend on the land from which we get our food. c)多用who的情况 ①关系代词在从句中做主语 A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend. ②先行词为those。people时 XXX.

22.初中英语语法课件--定语从句

初中英语语法讲义-定语从句姓名______ 一.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在所 修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词就叫作________。引导定语从句的关系词为关系代词,如: ________、____或关系副词如:____、____、____. 例如:1. A doctor is ________looks after people’s health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人 (先行词) (关系代词) 2. The book is on the ________ you left it. 这就是你落在桌子上的那本书。 (先行词)(关系副词) 关系词的作用:1. 引导定语从句2. 代替先行词的意思3.充当句子成分 二.定语从句的用法 常用的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which.。关系代词在定语从句中用作主语、宾语、定语等。例如: 1.The tall man who is standing over there is my brother.( ____在句中作主语) 2.The man whom you talked to is our Chinese teacher.( ____在句中作宾语) 3.This is the boy whose father is a doctor.( ____在句中作定语) 4.Have you everything that you need?( ____在句中作宾语) 5.This is the book which you wanted.( ____在句中作宾语) 关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,which指物,that多指物,有时也指人。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略,如: This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. 关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且常常省略。如: Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. 当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who. 如:This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. = This is the room that Miss Li once lived in. 常用的关系副词有:when, where, why 等。它们在句中用作时间、地点、原因等状语。例如: 1.July and August are the months ____ the weather is hot.(表时间) 2.This is ____I was born.(表地点) 3.Do you know the reason____ I was late?(表原因) 定语从句的特殊用法: 必须由that引导的定语从句。 1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All ______ we have to do is to practice every day. 2. 先行词前面有形容词最高级,序数词,next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时,用that 不用which引导定语从句。例如:This is the best film that I have seen.() This is the best film which I have seen.() 练习:The first lesson ______ I learned will never be forgotten. 3.先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。例如: That’s all that I want to say.()That’s all which I want to say.() 练习:I have read all the books _____ you gave me. 4.当先行词既有人又有物时,要用that. 例如: He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. () He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.() 练习:They talked of things and persons _____ they remembered.

初中英语语法之定语从句讲解

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