高中英语定语从句课件参考
高中英语定语从句课件参考
导语：本节课的知识点相对比较多但难度系数不大，主要是讲定语从句的各个关系词具体用法。以下是为大家整理的高中英语定语从句课件，希望能够帮助大家！
教学过程
一、复习预习
1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺；
2、导入：
e.g. She is a beautiful girl.
She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy.
二、知识讲解
（一）定语从句定义
1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的
定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。
3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系代词的种类：
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as
关系副词：when, where, why
4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
b、 In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.
（二）定语从句分类
限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连，缺少它则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。
1、The man who gave me this book is Tom .(限定性)
2、Tom,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性)
（三）关系代词
1、who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German .
2、Whom指人，在句中做宾语，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不能用who。关系代词前有介词时不能省略。
e.g. I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to .
I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking .
3、whose, 作定语，可指人或物
e.g. Everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7919301391.html,are the lazy students whose homework wasn’t handed in .
4、that 指人或物，多指物，作主语（不能省略）或宾语（可省略）
e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us .
This is a plant that grows in the north .
5、which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略）。
e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north .
☆常用that不用which的情况
1、当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。
歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。
Pay attention to everything that I do.
2、当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。
歌诀助记：先行词前被限定，千万不要用which。
This is the best novel (that)I have read.
3、如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。歌诀助记：两项并列人与物，引导定从用that。
They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.
4、当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等修饰时。
This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
5、在疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复只用that。
Which of the students that knows something about history.
6、当被修饰的成分是数词时，（被修饰成分是代名词one，指人时除外）只用that. I’ve got one that you might be interested in.
☆常用which，不用that的情况
1、引导非限制性定语从句。
Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.
全世界都踢足球，它是一项有趣的运动。
2、直接放在介词后作宾语时（介词+关系代词结构中）。
Language is the most important tool without which people can't communicate with each other.语言是最重要的工具，没有它，人们便无法交流。
（四）关系副词
1、when 指时间
（1）在定语从句中作状语，先行词主要为一些时间名词（year ,day ,time,week等）,但时间名词在从句中作主语，宾语时，应用that，which，不能用when
e.g. I’ll never forget the time when (during w hich ) we worked on the farm.作状语 I still remember the day that/which is
his birthay.做主语
He regretted the days that /which he spent on play . 做宾语（2）It is the first time that …句型中，that是习惯用法，不用when。
e.g. It is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall .
2、where 指地点
（1）指前面的地点，在从句中作状语。
e.g. I know the factory where I worked twenty years ago .
（2）指地点，在句中作主语，宾语时不能用where，须用that/which .
e.g. This is the house where he has lived for 20 years （作状语）.
This is the house that he has lived in for 20 years .（作宾语）
e.g. This is the shool ｛in which /where we study every year.（作状语）
This is the shool that /which we visited yesterday. （作宾语） .
（3）当先行词为某个方面、情况、阶段、位置等的词时使用关系副词
3、why 表示原因
“the reason why ….that…. ”中，不能用because 代替that .
e.g. That’s the reason why (for which )he didn’t come to school .
The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is that he was ill .
但reason 在从句中做宾语时，关系代词用that/which ,可省略
e.g. I don’t believe the reason (which/that) he gave me .
（五）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，往往可以把介词放在关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词（whom/which）”结构。但一些短语如look after 等中的介词不能与动词分开，故不能放在关心代
词之前。确定介词时：
一是，依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配；
二是，依据先行词的某种习惯搭配；
三是，根据所要表达的意思来确定。
e.g. That’s the reason why (for which ) he didn’t come to school .
（六）非限定性定语从句
关系代词在非限定性定语从句中的用法。
指人做主语用who,作宾语用whom ，指地点用where，指时间when，指物只用which，不能用that，作定语用whose。
e.g. He didn’t see the film, which was very interesting .(不用that)
（七）as 引导的限制性定语从句
A . such ….as 和the same…as 的用法
such ….as：像….一样的，像…..之类；the same…as：和…..同样的
在这两个句型中，as是关系代词，such和same 作定语，修饰主语里的某个名词（或代词），这个名词是由as引导的定语从句的先行词，as在从句中可担任主语、宾语或表语。
Eg：We have found such materials as are used in their factory.( 在从句中作主语) I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out.（在从句中作宾语）The result is not the same as they had expected.( 在从句中作宾语)
重点比较 :
the same …as…和the same …that…
the same…as…:和…..相同（代指同类事物）；
the same …that…：和….相同（代指同一事物）
两者都引导定语从句。as 从句中说明的名词与the same 修饰的名词是同一类，而非同一个。that从句中说明的名词与the same 修
饰的名词是同一个。
Eg：He is reading the same book that you bought yesterday.
He is reading the same book as you bought yesterday.
This is the same pen that I lost. =This is the pen that I lost.(指同一支笔)
This is the same (kind/type/sort) of pen as I lost.（指同类型的笔，但并不是我丢失的那一支）
B. ….such as …的用法
….such as …中的such为代词，意思是“这样的人或物”，as 在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词such。
Eg： This book is not such as I expect.
He told me of his experience such as I had never had before.
相关链接：
such as 还有“诸如，例如，像…那样的”的意思，此时后面跟名词或名词短语等。
Eg：They bought a lot of fruit, such as apples,oranges,etc.
（八）as 引导的非限制性定语从句
as 可以像which一样引导非限制性定语从句，用来代表整个句子的内容，它的先行词可以是名词，也可以是不定式短语或整个句子。as 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。此外，有些as 引导的定语从句已成为固定用法，如：
As we know As has been said before 如上所述 As is known to all As is often the case 像通常那样 As is reported As was expected 正如预料的那样 Eg： She is very careful, as her work shows.
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s h ealth.
As is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
重点比较：as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句的联系和区别
1、as 和which 都可以代替整个句子，当定语从句置于主句之后时，as和which可以和互换。
Eg：He didn’t tell me any news, as/which upset me.
2、Which引导的从句，代表的前面的整个主句时，不能放在主句之前。而as 引导的定语从句，代表整个主句时，可以放在主句之前或之后，有时也可以放在主语和谓语之间。
Eg：As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
= Talks between the two countries, as is reported in the newspapers, are making progress.
As与that的区别
As 引导的定语从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的`内容相似，即指同类事物；that 引导定语从句表示的内容与主句相同，即为同一事物。
e.g. This is the same pen that I lost yesterday .这正是我昨天丢的钢笔。
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday .这正像我昨天丢的钢笔。
（九）同位语从句与定语从句区别
1、同位语从句和定语从句结构相似，通常位于某一名词或代词之后，但两者存在明显区别：同为语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明，是该名词性成分具体内容的体现（相当于名词的作用）。That 引导的同位语从句中引导词that不在该同位语从句中充当成分，但不能被省略，同位语从句还可以用whether,how等连词引导（定语从句则不能）。定语从句对先行词加以限制或修饰，说明先行词的性质或特征（相当于一个形容词的作用），定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当成分（that在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，充当定语从句的宾语，that可以省略）注意体会一下三组例句。
（1）第一组
① We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light .我们解决不
了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题。
② I can’t remember the problem that they have.我记不得他们的问题了。
（2）第二组
① I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother.我不愿相信他对他母亲撒
谎的事实
② I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me .我不愿相信他告诉我的事实。
（3）第三组
① The news that T om wou ld go abroad is told by him. 汤姆将出国的消息是他
讲的。
The news that he told me is that T om would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆来年将出国。
三、例题精析
例题1.【2011全国卷I】The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
【解析】C。句意为“奖项将会颁发给故事展示了丰富想象力的作者。” 根据从句不缺成分和它与先行词的关系可判断前后为所属关系，选whose作定语。
例题 2.〖10全国Ⅱ〗I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. what
【解析】B。从句缺主语，先行词为物。
例题3.【2011江苏卷】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
【解析】A。从句不缺任何成分，且先行词为时间。
例题4.〖08浙江〗Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
【解析】D。从句缺宾语，且为非限制性定语从句。
例题5. (2013陕西)______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
A. It
B. That
C. What
D. As
【解析】D。固定搭配“as is often the case”，像通常一样。
例题6. (2012浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. whom
【解析】B。从句缺主语且先行词为人。
四、课堂运用
【基础】
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which
B. where
C. what
D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
【巩固】
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
【拔高】
7.Great changes have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year
B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year
D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked
B. which you talked
C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A.with which
B.in which
C.on which
D.by which
课程小结
本节课的知识点相对比较多但难度系数不大，主要是讲定语从句的各个关系词具体用法。主要从九个方面进行讲解，详细讲解了定语从句中各个关系代词、关系副词的用法和区别。本部分的学习还是要求学生掌握关键词，具体什么时候需要使用关系代词或者关系副词，什么叫做定语从句，希望学生能够保持思路清晰，做题的时候十拿九稳。
课后作业
【基础】
1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.
A. running; that
B. run; who
C. running; who
D. run; that
2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. on which
3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. how
【巩固】
4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .
A. that the little girl asks him
B. the little girl asks him to
C. for the little girl to ask him
D. what the little girl asks him
5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that's easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A. which
B. in which
C. of which
D. whose
6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.
A. when
B. that
C. what
D. which
【拔高】
7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. whose
8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. what
9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. when
10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
A. as
B. when
C. until
D. before
课后评价
这节课总体感觉课堂进程比较自然、顺利，学生始终处在主动参与和积极配合的状态中，达到了预期设想，体现了“学中用，用中学”的任务型语言教学理念。定语从句是中学英语教学的一个重要语法项目。学生在学习这一语法时，虽然感到困难很大，但理清语法知识点之后也觉得定语从句语法知识结构清晰并易于理解。希望学生课后能主动巩固并复习，同时加强单词记忆。
高中英语定语从句课件 高中英语定语从句课件 多媒体教学课件是指根据教师的教案，把需要讲述的教学内容通过计算机多媒体(视频、音频、动画)图片、文字来表述并构成的课堂要件。下面小编为大家带来，仅供参考，希望能够帮到大家。 高中英语定语从句课件 Ⅰ.定义 定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的`作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as;关系副词：when, where, why。 eg. She is the girl who sings best of all. The pen which my uncle gave me is missing. He lives in a house whose windows face south. The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities. Ⅱ.关系代词 1. 先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that eg. He is a man( ) never leaves today’s work till tomorrow. The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin. 2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that, eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet. The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith. 3. 先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which, that eg . The train ( ) has just left is for Guangzhou. Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures. 4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略
高一英语讲义-定语从句定义 高一英语-定语从句 、判断定语从句 1. 识别和划出定语从句 （1）识别定语 定语：通常用来修饰名词的那部分，就叫定语。 从句：通过连接词连接，从属于主句。 划出以下汉语中的定语： 1. 宅男 2?愤怒的葡萄 3. 石头缝里蹦出来的猴子 4. 每一个拥抱，都是疲倦时的一张温床。 圈出以下各句子划线部分的定语： 1. What an amaz ing story! 2. I am look ing for something cheap. 3. I will meet you in the caf_ opposite the theatre. 4. We were give n a lovely double room, which had a sea view. （2）识别定语从句 定语从句的定义：整个从句作定语，用于修饰或限定整个主句或主句中的名词或代词。特点：去掉从句后，剩余句子意思完整。 三要素：先行词+关系词+从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象 ------- 名词（起标杆作用） 关系词：1）替代先行词；2）连接主从句（裤腰带）3）在从句中充当成分 （3）划分定语从句 定语从句的起点：1）通常是从关系词开始的。 2）从介词+关系词开始 3）关系词省略时，从第二个主语开始。
定语从句的终点：1）通常划到关系词后面的标点符号（特殊符号；句末） 2）关系词后面的第二个谓语动词前。 例题： 1. The Science Museum, which we visited duri ng a recent trip to Brita in, is one of London's tourist attract ions. 2. Hele n was much kin der to her youn gest son tha n to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him. 3. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, which urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. 4. The days are gone whe n physical stre ngth was all you n eeded to make a liv ing. 5. Wome n who drink more tha n two cups of coffee a day have a greater cha nee of havi ng heart disease tha n those who don ' t. 6. By 16:30, which was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. 2. 定语从句分类：限制性定语从句vs非限制性定语从句 （1）辨别：①有无逗号 ②一句还是两句 ①限制性定语从句 His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那个当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。 ②非限制性定语从句 His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to
定语从句教学设计学情分析定语从句优秀课件及教案 定语从句教案设计篇1 Teaching Aims:(教学目的) 1、初步了解定语从句的概念、结构。 2、初步学习并掌握定语从句的规则，尤其是关系代词『who，which，that以及whose』的用法。 Teaching Points:(教学重点) 1.定语从句三要素及关系词的选用 2.只能that或which的情况; Teaching Methods:(教学方法) 1、举例讲解，说明定语从句的用法。 2、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。 Teaching Steps:(教学步骤) Step1.导入 一、定语及定语从句的概念： a beautiful girl a handsome boy a clever child 1、定语是用来修饰名次或代词的。 This is the boy who is clever.
2、定语从句(Attributive Clauses)定义：在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句定语从句的特点： 定语从句 的引导词关系代词where (地点状语)关系副词 when (时间状语) why (原因状语) Step2:详细讲解定语从句语法知识 1、who和whom指人，在从句中分别做主语和宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 the handsome the tall the strong boy The boy is Tom. the clever the naughty The boy is Tom. 2、which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 3、that既可指人也可指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 4、whose作定语，用来表示先行词和从句主语之间的所属关系。
高一英语暑假精品课（人教版2019必修1） 定语从句 基本概念和连接词 1. 基本概念：在英语中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk. 2. 连接词： 关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose，as; 关系副词：when，where，why. 定语从句类型： 限制性定语从句 vs 非限制性定语从句 不同点： 1. 形式上：有无逗号。限制性定语从句无逗号，非限制性定语从句有逗号。 2. 意义上：限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用。 The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular. (限制性关系从句，指任何一个减税的政府) The government, which promises to cut taxes, will be popular.
(非限制性关系从句，补充说明(现任的)政府的情况) 关系代词的用法 1. 关系代词语法功能 (1)代替先行词 (2)它在定语从句中担任一定的成分; (3)同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。如： The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 在本句话中，which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building，同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。 2. 关系代词 (1)who指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语(在从句中作宾语时，可省略) The man( who) I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. (2)whom指代人，在从句中作宾语(作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li. (3)whose 是代词的所有格形式，它既可以指代人也可以指代物，在从句中作定语。 I saw a woman. Her bag was stolen.(整合成一句话) →I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book. Its cover is red.(整合成一句话)
英语定语从句ppt 英语定语从句ppt 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。下面是店铺为大家收集整理的英语定语从句ppt相关内容，欢迎阅读。 一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句加定语从句。 二．定语从句的特点： 1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的.名词或代词 2. 关联词： 1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。 2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。 关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose，代指先行词。 关系副词：when，where，why，作时间状语。 三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句 四．关系代词的用法： 1. that 和which that指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。 Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。 His father works in a factory that/which makes Tvsets. Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday? The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. 注意：The room in which I live is very big.(在介词后面不能用that) 2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句： 1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用that This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
高中英语定语从句课件参考 高中英语定语从句课件参考 导语：本节课的知识点相对比较多但难度系数不大，主要是讲定语从句的各个关系词具体用法。以下是为大家整理的高中英语定语从句课件，希望能够帮助大家！ 教学过程 一、复习预习 1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺； 2、导入： e.g. She is a beautiful girl. She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 二、知识讲解 （一）定语从句定义 1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的 定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。 2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类： 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. b、 In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
定语从句Revision of the Attributive Clause ＨｕＪｉｕｂａｏ２０１６０７一、定语从句的基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一_____或_____的从句，叫定语从句 1. _______：定语从句所修饰或限定的词 2. 关系词： Relative pronouns：_____ ______ ______ ______ ____ _______ Relative adverbs: _____ _____ _____ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即__________、_____________、_________________ 二、关系词及其意义 指代人__________ __________ __________ __________ 指代事物__________ __________ 所属关系________ 指地点______ 指时间________ 指原因_______ 归纳总结 先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. 关系代词的实质 Fill in the blanks with “which”,“when”,“where”: 1.This is the factory _______ we will visit. ______ we works. 2.This is the place _______ he was born in. _______ he was born 3. Do you know the reason____he is absent Today? That is the reason______I want to know. 4. I remember the days_______ we spent. _______we lived in the country. 定语从句分为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 1.关系代词与关系副词(表示地点、时间、原因的先行词在定从中做主语、表语及宾语关系词的选择) (1) I will never forget the days ___ we lived together in the countryside,___ are wonderful to me. (2) This is the school ___ __________we visited last year, ___ looks like a garden. (3) The reason _______________ he explained to me is that he was ill. 高考试题
定语从句2 导言 说英文中一个大句 译时注意这一语言差异，对掌握英语很有帮助。 定语从句是将定语扩大成一个完整句子，由关系代词或副词引导，放在所要修饰的名词之后，通常称被修饰的名词为先行词。 ● 主系定语从句表语 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ▲由关系代词引导的定语从句 who代替人,在从句中做主语或宾语。 which代替物，在从句中做主语或宾语。 whom代替人，在从句中做宾语。 that可以与who which whom换用。
● 主系定语从句表语 定语从句 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ● 主系定语从句表语 定语从句 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ● 主系定语从句表语 ● 定语从句主语表语 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句练习
1.. 2.. 3.. 4.. 5.. 6.? 7.. 8.. 9. . 孙老师特别提示： 请网上的同学务必要自己做一下上面的句子，然后再听老师的讲解。基本句型的好坏将直接影响到高考作文分数的高低。我们发现很多好学生写出的句子存在着大量的错误，请同学们注意改正，避免在高考中丢分。 定语从句练习答案 1.. The girt who you met yesterday is my teacher’s sister . 2..
The old lady who you had looked after died yesterday. 3.. The wallet that you picked up yesterday is my teacher’s. 4.. The building which is being built is our new library. The building which they are building is our new library. 5.. The girt that you want to marry is a thief. 6.? Who 7.. The wallet which I lost yesterday is in the bag of our monitor. 8.. The BMW which I had bought was stolen. 9. . A person who knows “how” will find a job and a person who knows “why” will be a boss .
Grammar---the attributive clauses 定语从句 定语：修饰名词或代词的成分 找出下列句子中的定语 Some people saw bright lights in the sky. (Line 5) The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. (Line 22) 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句 This is the car which he bought last year . 定义: 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句. 作用: 相当于定语,用来修饰某一名词,代词或整个主句. Eg1. Jackie Chan is an actor. He has played roles in many films. Jackie Chan is an actor ________ has played roles in many films. Eg.2 Zhai Zhigang is the first astronaut in China. He took the spacewalk. Zhai Zhigang is the first astronaut in China_______took the spacewalk. Eg.3 Qian Xuesen is the “father of space technology ”. He died on October 31, 2009, at the age of 98. Rule 1.who/that 指人,在从句中做主语 Eg.4 Do you know the man? We saw him at Tianyi Square. Do you know the man________we saw at Tianyi Squre? Eg.5 The man is our teacher. I talked with him yesterday. The man______I talked with is our teacher. Rule 2. whom/who/that 指人, 在从句中作宾语, 可省略。 Eg. 6 Jane has borrowed the book. It was written by Luxun. Jane has borrowed the book______was written by Luxun. Eg. 7 A/H1N1 flu is a disease. It has spread all over the country. A/H1N1 flu is a disease______has spread all over the country. Eg.8 They are talking about the film. I have seen it. They are talking about the film_____ I have seen. Rule 3. that/which 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语, 作宾 语时可以省略。 Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books? 注：which 作宾语时，如介词前置则不能省略 Eg.9 Please pass me the book. Its cover is green. Please pass me the book______cover is green. Eg.10 He lives in a room. The window of the room faces north. He livs in a room_____ window faces north. Rule 4. whose 指人或物, 在从句中作定语. 注:whose 若指物,它还可以同(the +n ＋ of ＋ which 互换） Please pass me the book, the cover of which is green. 关系代词的三大功能 1. 引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 因此从句中不再出现先行词或指代它的词
高一英语第2讲定语从句 第二讲 Part 1 定语及定语从句 强化练习 1 判断下面划线部分是否充当定语。 1.I don’t like lazy people. 2.The boy in worn-out clothes is clever. 3.The boy is standing under the tree. 4.I know the boy under the tree. 5.The student who is elected monitor is usually very capable. 6.I don’t know who was elected monitor. 强化练习 2 下列定语从句中先行词的划分是否正确。 1.I will never forget the days which we spent together. 2.The boy who is sitting in the classroom needs a pen. 3. A dictionary is a tool which is of great importance in learning languages. 4.I know a place which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 5.The woman who I often visit is Tom’s mother. 强化练习 3 判断下面一段话中有几个定语从句。 I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. I’ m talking about friends who you can share almost everything with. A. 1个 B. 2个 C. 3个 D. 4个
中学英语定语从句详细讲解 定语从句根本概念 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 常见的关系代词包括that，which，who〔宾格whom，全部格whose〕，as 等。 关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 定语从句的分类
依据定语从句及先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。 1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句及从句不用逗号分开，从句不行省去。例如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2.非限制性定语从句主句及从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。例如： The house,which we bought last month,is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的. 留意：非限定性定语从句中不能运用关系代词that。 关系代词的用法 1.that
that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽宠爱温顺的音乐。〔that作主语〕 The coat 〔that〕I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。〔that作宾语〕 2.which which 用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站旁边的那座大楼是一家超市。〔作主语〕 The film 〔which〕we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。〔作宾语〕 3.who，whom
I.概述 一.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在从句中做主语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne. 2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus. 3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday. 4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (1)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion. (2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning? 5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 (1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor. (2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin. whose指物时,常用限定词名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+限定词名词结构来代替 (3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired. (4)Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired. 二.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 1.关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous. (2)Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous. 注意:1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等 (1)Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor. (2)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking. 2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that,不可以省略;指物时用which,不能用that,不可以省 略;关系代词是所有格时用whose (1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend. (2)Themanwithwho/thatyoutalkedismyfriend. (3)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable. (4)TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable. 3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词 (1)Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim. (2)Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someof?whichhavegonebad. (3)Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities. 4.限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 ?1)当先行词是some(something除外),anything,everything,nothing,/few,little,/all,none,等代词时,或者是由some,any,every,no,/few,little,/all,much/thevery,theonly,oneof等修饰时 ?(1)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid? (2)Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld. ?(3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone. (4)ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou. ?(5)ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy, ?(6)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned. ?(7)WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。?(1)Anymanthat/.whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing. 2)当先行词被序数词修饰或本身是序数词 ?(1)ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen. 3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰或本身是形容词最高级 ?(1)ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen. 4)当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时 ?(1)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere? ? (2)WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost? 5)当先行词既有人,也有物时 ?(1)Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned? 6)在Therebe句型中 经典习题: 1.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday? A.that?????? ? B.where???? C.inwhich??? D.theone 2.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday? ? A.that???????? B.where??? C.which????? D.theone
定语从句 1.定语 (1) He is an honest boy. adj.(2) We love our country. adj.(3) What’s your telephone number? n.定语 developing country 现在分词—定语 developed country 过去分词—定语 the way to study English (4) I can’t find the girl in red. 定语：用来限定、修饰名词或代词的；汉语中用“…的”。 主要是由形容词充当，此外名词、分词（现在、过去）、数词、代词、动词不定式以及介词短语也可以充当定语。 定语：前置定语：单个的单词作定语，放于被修饰的词的前面； 后置定语：短语或从句作定语，放于被修饰的词的后面； 定语从句：用一个完整的句子去充当定语； 2.结构 The man is a policeman. The man lives next to us. The man（The man lives next to us.） is a policeman. The man the man lives next to us is a policeman. The man A （who） lives next to us is a policeman.（A=the man） 被修饰的词 A 定语从句 定语从句=被修饰的词+A+从句 定语从句= 先行词 +关系词 +从句（先行词：被修饰的词；关系词：连接先行词和从句的词）； 3.关系词的作用（连、替、充）： 1)连接先行词和从句； 2)替代先行词； 3)在从句中充当句子成分（主、宾、表、定、状）； 关系词的分类： 1)关系代词（关系词在从句中充当主、宾、表、定语）： that、which、who、whom、whose、as关系代词 1.that——先行词：人、物——主、宾、表——存在只用that的情况; 不能用于介词后； 不能用于非限制性定语从句 2.which——先行词：物——主、宾 3.who（主格）——先行词：人——主、宾——不能用于介词后
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词或上文提到的一件事（句子）。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词或句子的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词（先行词）与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体。关系词与后面的句子合称定语从句。 1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack 三种意味着一个人患心脏病的迹象 that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人 在这个带有定语从句的短语中： those是：被修饰的代词； who是：关系词; who drink a lot是：定语从句。 3）Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate ? 你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗？ 通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出： （1）定语从句在英语中放在被修饰的词后，翻译成汉语时置于被修饰的词之前，且有汉字“的” （2）定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下： 被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）先行词=关系词。所以先行词在从句中不在出现。先行词的意义以及它在从句中的语法功能（句子成分）决定关系词的选择。 定语从句中的关系词只有两类：关系代词和关系副词；所有关系词不但都有具体的意义而且都在从句中担任一定的成分。 1）关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that 等。 who用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词，并且在从句中充当主语，也可充当宾语。但不能放在介词之后。介词后的宾语用whom whose 用于代替"表示人或物意义"的先行词，用在从句中时，后要跟一个名词，与那个名词合起来相当于一个关系词，在从句中担当主语或宾语。Whose常表达"先行词的"之意 which 用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语。 that 既用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词，也用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词；在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作谓语动词的宾语，但是不能跟介词后作介词的宾语，介词后用
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下： 1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是：被修饰的名词； who是：关系词; who drink a lot是：定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下： 被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。例如： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations （先行词）where (关系词)people normally would not be afraid . 他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。 （本句中的关系词where = 先行词（in）situations 。如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations people normally would not be afraid in situations 由此可以看出，"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系）。又例如： Rude people are those （先行词）whose (关系词)behavior shows little respect for the rules（先行词）that(关系词) the majority follows . 不讲礼貌的人是指那些，他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规则并不表示尊敬的人。 由此我们还可以看出，"先行词"往往是分别重复出现在两个分句中的名词或代词。这也就是我们做定语从句的条件之必需。否则，"关系词"就无法去替代"先行词"而构筑定语从句了。这个道理就如同我们在计算机上"做剪贴以前要先做复制"一样。） 2）"先行词"的意义决定"关系词"的选择"关系词"的选择往往是由"先行词"自身表达的意义，以及它在从句中的语法功能而决定的。 这个意思就是说，假如"先行词"自身表达的意义是表示"人的意义"或是"物的意义"，那么我们就相应地选择表示"人的意义"或是"物的意义"的"先行词"。"先行词" 在从句中的语法功能也是决定"关系词"选择的重要条件。比如说，同样都是表示"人的意义"的"先行词"，如果它在从句中作主语，"关系词"就得用表示"人的意义"的主格形式，如果它在从句中作定语，"关系词"就得用表示"人的意义"的所有格形式。另外，有时"先行词"本身是表示事物的名词，而它在从句中却与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当状语，在这种情况下，我们就应该用"关系副词"而不能用"关系代词"了。例如：Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields . 有些在语言学习上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。 In our class , we have some students whose families are not in Wuhan. 我们班上有些家不在武汉市的同学。 There are many sounds which have a meaning and yet are not words . 有许多声音有意义但不是词。