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英语语法:定语从句

英语语法:定语从句

英语语法:定语从句

定语从句免不了要进行句法结构和语法成分的分析,而这往往是学生的薄弱环节,故此,在学习定语从句之前,学生应打好两方面的基础:

一、吃透句子成分,能找出简单句中的主、宾、表、定语及状语等成分。

主语:

主语 (Subject) 是一个句子的主体,一般位于句首。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等均可用作主语。例如:

I’m fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. 我喜欢姐姐,但她有个严重的缺点。 (人教①U3)

My background is traditional Chinese music. 我的背景是中国传统音乐。 (外研⑥M4)

To find a best friend is difficult. 找到一个好朋友不容易。 (译林⑤U1)

No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. 谁也说不准,并且预测也是件冒险的事。 (外研④M1) What is even more unbelievable is the fact that some murderers are let out of prison after three or four years. 更不可思议的是一些杀人犯三四年后获释出狱。 (北师大⑧U24)

宾语:

宾语(Object) 是动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词之后。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等均可用作宾语。例如:We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. 我们经常一起做作业,乐于彼此帮忙。 (人教①U1) He also writes film music. 他也写影视音乐。 (外研②M3)

I’ve tried and failed to make paper with all these plants. 我尝试了,但是用所有这些也没能造成纸。 (译林②U3)

I hope I can go there to study. 我希望能去那里学习。 (北师大

⑤U13)

注:表语、定语及状语等详见《新课标高中语法》

二、学好简单句,在简单句中深入认识及物动词和不及物动词。英语的句子根据其结构可分为三种类型:简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句有六种基本句型,英语里形形色色、千变万化的句子皆由这六种基本句型演变而来。学好简单句是学好并列句和复合句的前提。

1. 主语 + 谓语

这种结构中,谓语一般由不及物动词充当。例如:

Mrs. Black and her children talked and laughed. 布莱克夫人和她的孩子们有说有笑。

Over 500 types of native American animals and plants have disappeared. 美洲已有500多种本土动植物消失。

2. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语

常见的'系动词有:be (是),become (变成),seem (看起来),appear (显得),get (变得),grow (变得),turn (变成),remain (仍然是),come (变得),fall (变得), hold (保持),keep (保持),stand (保持),stay (保持),smell (闻起来),look (看上去),sound (听起来),taste (尝起来),feel (摸起来)等。例如:

It is a way of thinking. 这是一种思考方式。 (人教②U5)

Its walls remain as good as before. 城墙仍然和以前一样好。(人教②U1)

All of the food looks, smells and tastes wonderful. 所有食物都色、香、味俱佳。

3. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

这种结构中,谓语一般由及物动词充当。例如:

The museum also has an excellent restaurant. 博物馆里还有一家极好的餐馆。 (人教⑥U1)

I like taking risks. 我喜欢冒险。 (北师大⑤U14)

The rapid development of tourism has created many job

opportunities. 业的蓬勃发展创造了很多工作机会。

4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

直接宾语和间接宾语合称为双宾语,间接宾语一般为人,直接宾语一般为物。常见的能带双宾语的及物动词有:give, bring, tell, send, leave, pass, read, write, take, wish, show, offer,teach, get, award, lend, rent, buy, pay, hand, recommend 等。例如:

One day, he offered me some crack co caine. 一天,他给了我一些强效。 (外研②M2)

I’ll lend you something to read. 我借些书给你看。

You gave me some good advice. 你给了我一些好建议。 (译林

①U2)

5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语

宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语,常见的带复合宾语结构的及物动词有:elect, feel,find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, make, notice, see, let, smell, start, watch, appoint, believe, call, catch, allow, ask, cause, consider, expect, know, tell, think, want, wish, listen to, look at等。例如:

I didn’t want all three men to die. 我不想那三个人死。 (外研

⑤M3)

My wife calls me a “movie fan”. 我妻子称我为“电影迷”。(北师大①U1)

I saw them walking across the road. 我看到他们穿过那条马路。

We’ll have the r oom redecorated. 我们会请人把房间重新装修一下。

6. there be 句型

there be句型常用来表示“在某地 / 某时有某物 / 某人”。在此句型中,there是引导词,无实义,其主语是be动词之后的名词或名词短语动词。be在人称和数上应和其后的主语(名词) 保持一致,即主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用单数,复数可数名词时用复数。若be后有两个或两个以上的名词作主语时,谓语动词常与邻近的主语

在数上保持一致。例如:

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 书桌上有支钢笔和几本书。

In Indonesia there is a wildlife park for endangered animals. 在印度尼西亚有一个野

生动物园,它是专门为濒临绝种的动物设立的。 (人教②U4)

该句型中的谓语有时用used to be, seem to be, appear to be, happen to be等词组表示。

例如:

There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill. 过去山脚下有一个城堡。

There seems (to be) something wrong about it. 好像有点不大对头。

There happened to be nobody in the room. 恰好那时候房里没人。

解题方法

一、选准关系代词和关系副词

在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分,如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。例如:

(1) I still remember the days which / that we spent together.

(2) I still remember the days when we worked together.

二、了解仅用that 引导限制性定语从句的几种情况

that 在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情况下,只能用that 来引导定语从句:

1. 先行词是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that you want to buy?

2. 先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等词修饰或被

the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时。例如:These are all the pictures that I have seen.

This is the very dictionary that is ofgreathelp.

3. 先行词既指人又指物时。例如:

My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.

4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如:

Our school is not the one that it used to be.

5. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

This is the best English film that I have ever seen.

The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities.

6. 主句是who 或which 引导的特殊问句时。例如:

Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?

Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?

三、把握“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选用

介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如:

That's the reason for which he was late for school.

This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.

注意:

1. 定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时,介词应放在动词之后,不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如:

This is the key which you are looking for.

This is the baby whom you will look after.

2. 该结构中,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which.

四、弄清as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别

1

位置上的区别:

as 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,还可插在主句的中间;而which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如:

As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.

The earth, as is known to us all, turns around the sun.

The earth turns around the sun, as is known to us all.

The earth turns around the sun, which our parents once told us when we were very young.

2

词义与联系上的区别:

as 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间有着较为密切的上下文联系,as 本身含有“正如”之意;而which 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间在逻辑意义上近似并列句,which 本身表示“这”或“这一点”之意。例如:

Light travels faster than sound, as we all know.

Jack came late for school, which made his teacher angry.

五、注意定语从句的主谓一致性

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如:

Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.

Tom is the only one of the boys who is from the USA.

六、保持主句的完整性并避免从句成分的重叠

1. 在定语从句中,不管出现任何情况,主句的结构必须完整,即主句必须有主语和谓语,缺一不可,否则,整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较:

(1)Is this factory _______ we visited last week?

(2)Is this the factory _______ we visited last week?

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. the one

分析:

第一题缺少表语,只有填D项才能保持主句的完整性,而的选项均为干扰项。

第二题主句本身完整,应填的关系代词在从句中作visited 的宾语,故应选A项。

2. 从定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词独立地或与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分,因此在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代(副)词重叠的成分。例如:

错句:Is this the train that they took it last Sunday?

分析:该题中that 已经代替先行词the train 在定语从句中充当及物动词took 的宾语,故重叠出现的宾语it必须删去。

【英语语法:定语从句】

英语语法之定语从句

英语语法之定语从句 一、定语从句 定语从句(Attributi ve Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有:when, where, why等。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3)which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语) 三、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。 1)when, where, why

英语语法知识点:英语定语从句用法详解

英语语法知识点:英语定语从句用法详解 一、定语从句的相关概念 所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词 或代词的从句。学习定语从句,首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词 和关系词。 先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念,它其实指的就 是被定语从句所修饰的词。因为定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从 句通常是后置的,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名 词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢?其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上,英语中的各类从句,不管性质如何,它们都需要有一个词来“引导”,正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样, 人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字,叫它关系词,因为它通常 被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,以表明两者之间的修饰关系,同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句,我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行 词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前,我们先来看看关系词有哪些。 根据关系词在定语从句中的作用,我们能够将关系词分为关系代 词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词,它们 在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等, 英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。 类似地,关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语 从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当状语等,英语中比较常用的关系副 词只有三个,即when, where和why。

很多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊,关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单,简单得能够划一个 等号。因为,关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词,它与先行词指的 就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解,下面我们来看几个例子吧。 I know the man who lives next door. 我理解住在隔壁的那个人。 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词,who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句;在定语从句中,who是 关系词,它在定语从句中用作主语,从意义上说,它在此所表示的意 思与先行词the man等价,换句话说,上面这个句子与下面这个句子 等价:I know the man. He lives next door. 我理解这个人,它就 住在隔壁。 She will never forget the day when she got married. 她永 远不会忘记她结婚的这个天。 句中的the day为先行词,when she got married为修饰the day的定语从句;在定语从句中,when是关系词,它在定语从句中用作 状语,从意义上说,它在此与“介词+先行词”所表示的意思等价,也 就是说上面的句子与下面这个句子等价:She will never forget the day. On that day she got married. 她永远不会忘记这个天,在这 个天她结婚了。

英语语法定语从句

英语语法定语从句 定语从句(Adjective Clauses)是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它提供了进一步的信息,限定或描述了被修饰的名词或代词。在英语语法中,定语从句通常由关系代词(如that, who, whom, whose, which)或关系副词(如where, when, why)引导。 以下是一些关于英语定语从句的重要概念和用法: 1.引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which。关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或介词宾语 。 例句: •The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(that在从句中作宾语) •The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.(who在从句中作主语) 1.引导定语从句的关系副词有:where, when, why。关系副词在从句中充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状 语。 例句: •This is the school where I studied.(where在从句中作地点状语) •I still remember the day when we first met.(when在从句中作时间状语) 1.在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词所代表的先行词通常是 被修饰的名词或代词。 例句:

•The car which/that is parked outside is mine.(which/that代表先行词car) •He told me the reason why he couldn’t come.(why代表先行词reason) 1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时可以省略,但关系副词不能 省略。 例句: •The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(省略关系代词that/which) •This is the place where we met last year.(不可省略关系副词where) 1.定语从句可以位于被修饰的名词之前或之后,具体位置取决 于语境和需要强调的内容。 例句: •The boy who is standing there is my friend.(定语从句位于名词之后) •The movie that I watched yesterday was amazing.(定语从句位于名词之前) 定语从句在英语语法中具有重要的作用,可以丰富语言表达,增加信息量,让句子更加精确和清晰。掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于提高英语写作和阅读理解能力非常有帮助。

英语定语从句语法解析

英语定语从句语法解析 英语定语从句语法解析 语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。下面店铺带来英语定语从句语法解析,欢迎阅读! 英语定语从句语法解析篇1 1.先行词为all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代词时,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。在大多数情况下that可以省略. Please tell me everything you know about the matter. Thats all we can do at the moment. 2.as引出的限制性定语从句 在such as的结构中as可作关系代词,引出限制性定语从句。有时和same连用,在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。 Such people as were recommended by him were reliable. Ive never seen such a talented young man as he is. I have the same trouble as you . 3.as引出的非限制性定语从句 as可作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,通常译为(正)如一样,(正)象一样等。as引导的从句一般用逗号与主句隔开,可以位于主句的前面、中间或后面. I live a long way from work, as you know. She did not, as her friend had feared, break down. As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production. 4.分隔式定语从句 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但有时会被其他句子成分与先行词隔开,从而构成分隔式定语从句。 英语定语从句语法解析篇2

英语语法指导:定语从句详解

英语语法指导:定语从句详解 一、定义 定语从句是指在句中做定语作用,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句,其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。当关系代词作定语从句的主语时,其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。 二、定语从句的结构 定语从句一般位于先行词的后面,定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,that, as和关系副词when, where, why等引导。 (一)关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当 主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓 语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 (1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中做主语和宾语。例如: ·Is he the manwho/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中做主语) ·He is the manwhom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中做宾语) (2)whose用作关系词表示所属格,也可看作是关系形容词,因 为它后面必须接一个名词连用。不能单独使用。例如: ·They rushed over to help the manwhose car had broken down.

那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 (3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句 中可做主语、宾语等。作宾语时常可省略。例如: ·A prosperitywhich / that ha d never been seen beforeappears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) (二)关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中 作状语。 (1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which” 结构,所以常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如: ·There are occasionswhen(on which)one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 ·Beijing is the placewhere(in which)I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 ·Is this the reasonwhy(for which)he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们协助他的理由吗? (2)that代替关系副词,能够用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如: ·His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

英语语法——定语从句

定语从句 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,在从句中指代前面的先行词,在从句中担任一定的成分。 Ex:the pupils who had been watching started to applaud. 一直在旁边看的小学生们开始鼓掌起来。 Who引导的定语从句,指代先行词pupils,在句中做主语。 I shall never forget the day when I entered the university. 我永远不会忘记上大学的那一天。 When引导的定语从句指代the day,在句中做时间状语。 主要思路: 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 2、关系副词引导的定语从句 3、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 4、A s引导的定语从句以及与其他关系词的比较 5、“介词+关系代词“引导的定语从句 6、关系代词和关系副词的选择 7、关系词和先行词的分离 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、 Ex: he is a man who/that means what he says 他是一个说话算话的人 The boy (whom/that) you saw yesterday is here now 你昨天见到的那个男孩现在就在这里 The car which/that was stolen has been found

偷走的车已经找到了 2、使用关系代词应注意的问题 ○1、关系代词做介词的宾语,只能用whom,不用who,如果介词在句尾,都可以用。 Ex: This is the girl who/whom he worked with This is the girl with whom he worked 这就是和他一起工作的那个女孩。 ○2、当whose代替物时,就相当于of which. Ex::the house whose window are broken is unoccupied The house of which window are broken is unoccupied 窗子破了的那所房子没人住。 ○3、which除了指物外,还可指婴儿,动物和表示单数意义的集合词。也可指人的地位,职业和品格。 Ex:the baby which the nurse brought in was born yesterday 护士抱进来的那个因而是昨天出生的。 The audience which is composed entirely of students is larger than ever 全部由学生组成的观众人数比以前多。 He is exactly the man which such an education was likely to form 他正是这样的教育所能造就出来的人。 3、只能用that,不用which、who、whom的几种情况。 ○1、当先行词是all、everything、nothing|、something、anything、little|、much、none、few等不定代词时。 Ex: professor li has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation Professor li 已经告诉我们暑假应该做的事。 He knew everything that happened in the village 他知道在这个乡村发生的所有事。

英语语法大全之定语从句

英语语法大全之定语从句 一、限制性和非限制性定语从句 1) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。 2) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如: He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。 说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 3) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如: This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性) The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性) 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

定语从句的语法

定语从句的语法 定语从句的语法 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk. 定语从句 在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例: The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was a drunk. 关系词判断步骤 : 首先,要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用 who, that, whom ,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which 或that 1.which指物,做主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 2.who指人,做主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略) 3.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 4.关系代词that 指人/物,做主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略) 有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which 1.,只能用that引导从句. This is the most interesting story ( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting ( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是all, something, nothing, anything不定代词时,只能用that. Here is something ( that) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold. 3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句 I can remember well the persons and some pictures(that) I

定语从句语法讲解英语

定语从句语法讲解英语 定语从句语法讲解英语 定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,下面是店铺整理的定语从句语法讲解英语,一起来看看吧。 定语从句语法讲解英语1 (一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that, which, who, whose, when,where,why)。先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。 结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。 1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. 2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. 3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme. 4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia. 5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. 6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. (二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:

定语从句的语法

定语从句的语法 定语从句的语法大全 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的`音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意: (1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

英语语法中的定语从句

英语语法中的定语从句 定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要的结构,它通常是用来修饰一个名词或代词,从而使整个句子更加详细、清晰和准确。在英语中,很多场合都需要使用定语从句,比如写作、口语、考试等等。因此,学习并掌握定语从句的运用是非常重要的。 一、定语从句的定义和构成 定语从句是一种由引导词(通常是关系代词或关系副词)引导的从句,它通常被用来修饰句子中的某个名词或代词。比如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 定语从句的引导词有以下几种:who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when。 定语从句的构成如下:引导词 + 从句。 二、定语从句的分类 定语从句根据引导词的不同,可以分为以下几类: 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词引导的定语从句通常被用来修饰某个人或物的名词或代词。例如: - The man who is standing over there is my boss.

- The car that I bought last year is very expensive. 关系代词有 who, whom, whose, which, that。 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句通常被用来修饰时间、地点或原因等。例如: - This is the hotel where we stayed last summer. - I don't remember the reason why he was angry. 关系副词有 where, when, why。 三、定语从句的用法 1.修饰名词 定语从句最常见的作用是修饰一个名词或代词。例如: - The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister. - The book that I am reading is very interesting. 2.缩短句子 有时候,定语从句可以用来缩短句子,使得句子更加简洁明了。例如: - The man who is talking to Mary is my father. → The man talking to Mary is my father.

定语从句英语语法

定语从句英语语法 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词 或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在 先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。下面是的定语 从句语法相关知识,希望对你有帮助! 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语 Who which that 主语 Whom which that 宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1:This is the detective who came from London. 例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2.关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般 只用that,不用which。例如: All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom。例如:

英语语法:定 语 从 句

英语语法:定语从句 定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型,作用强大而且简洁易用。我在这里整理了相关学问,快来学习学习吧! 英语语法:定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 留意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 (1)常用于以下结构:suchas; soas;the sameas; asas 留意:the sameas 表示同一类,不同一个 the samethat 表示同一个 (2)as与which的区分 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前 或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事”。 留意:as常用于以下结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的状况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、领先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、领先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、领先行词是数词时. 6、领先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。 11、有时为了避开重复而使用that引导定语从句。

完整版英语语法之定语从句

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